Solar cell module, photovoltaic device, electric apparatus, and power generation apparatus

Abstract

The present application relates to a solar cell module, a photovoltaic device, an electric apparatus, and a power generation apparatus. In the solar cell module, two busbars are used to respectively connect a junction box to a positive electrode end and a negative electrode end of a cell body, so as to realize the electrical connection between the junction box and the cell body. During structural design of the busbars, at least one busbar can be designed to comprise a first busbar portion, an extending portion, and a connecting portion, wherein the extending portion is located outside of one end of the cell body in a second direction. It can be seen therefrom that when electrically connected to the junction box, the extending portion is led outside of one end of the cell body, such that the distribution of the portion of the busbar located between the positive electrode end or the negative electrode end and the junction box on the surface of the cell body is reduced, thus reducing the probability of stress concentration caused by the busbar to the cell body, and improving the stability of the solar cell module.

Description

Solar cell modules, photovoltaic equipment, electrical appliances and power generation devices Related applications

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application filed on November 6, 2024, application number 2024227042736, entitled "Solar Cell Module, Photovoltaic Equipment, Electrical Appliance and Power Generation Device", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of solar cell technology, and in particular to solar cell modules, photovoltaic equipment, electrical appliances and power generation devices. Background Technology

[0003] A solar cell module is a device that converts solar energy into electrical energy using the photovoltaic effect. It includes a junction box, a crucial component that connects the internal and external parts of the module, enabling efficient energy extraction. During junction box assembly, busbars and insulating tape are typically placed within the solar cell module, and the busbars are electrically connected to the junction box. However, due to limitations in the structural design of solar cell modules, stress concentration can easily occur inside, affecting the module's stability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a solar cell module, photovoltaic equipment, electrical device, and power generation device to reduce the probability of stress damage inside the solar cell module and improve the stability of the module.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a solar cell module, comprising: a cell body including a positive terminal and a negative terminal spaced apart along a first direction; a junction box located on one side of the cell body along its thickness direction; and two busbars respectively connected to the positive terminal and the negative terminal, and both electrically connected to the junction box; wherein, at least one of the two busbars includes a first busbar portion, an extension portion, and a connecting portion connected in sequence, the first busbar portion being connected to the positive terminal and / or the negative terminal, the extension portion being located outside one end of the cell body along a second direction, and the connecting portion being connected to the extension portion and the junction box; the first direction, the second direction, and the thickness direction of the cell body intersect each other, and the three directions are not coplanar.

[0006] The aforementioned solar cell module utilizes two busbars to connect the junction box to the positive and negative terminals of the cell body, respectively, thus achieving electrical connection between the junction box and the cell body. In the structural design of the busbars, at least one busbar can be designed as a first busbar section, an extension section, and a connecting section, with the extension section located outside one end of the cell body along a second direction. Therefore, when electrically connected to the junction box, extending the extension section outside one end of the cell body reduces the distribution of the busbar portion between the positive or negative terminal and the junction box on the surface of the cell body, lowering the probability of stress concentration caused by the busbar on the cell body and improving the stability of the solar cell module.

[0007] In some embodiments, the extension extends along a first direction, and the projection of the end of the extension connected to the connecting portion along a second direction at least partially intersects the projection of the junction box along the thickness direction of the battery body. This design intersects the projection of the extension along the first direction and the projection of the junction box along the thickness direction, allowing one end of the extension to extend relative to the location of the junction box. Thus, during wiring, it is only necessary to distribute the connecting portion along the first direction to connect it to the junction box, improving the convenience of the wiring operation.

[0008] In some embodiments, the solar cell module further includes a first insulating layer disposed on at least one surface of the extension along the thickness direction of the cell body. This design, with the first insulating layer disposed on at least one surface of the extension, provides effective insulation protection for the protruding portion of the busbar.

[0009] In some embodiments, the solar cell module further includes a second insulating layer, which is disposed around the outer periphery of the cell body and connected to both ends of the first insulating layer. This design, by introducing the second insulating layer, effectively encapsulates and insulates the cell body from all sides, which helps to improve the structural stability of the solar cell module.

[0010] In some embodiments, the solar cell module further includes an insulating film disposed on the surface of the cell body facing the junction box and covering the portions of each busbar located on the surface of the cell body, with the connection portion located on the side of the insulating film facing away from the cell body. This design, by introducing the insulating film, provides effective insulation protection for the portions of the busbars located on the surface of the cell body; simultaneously, it also insulates the connection portion from the cell body, facilitating the connection portion to extend from the outside to the top of the cell body and connect to the junction box.

[0011] In some embodiments, the solar cell module further includes an insulating gasket, which is affixed to the projection area of ​​the junction box onto the insulating film. The connection portion passes between the insulating gasket and the insulating film, and extends through the insulating gasket to connect with the junction box. This design, by introducing the insulating gasket to cover part of the surface of the connection portion, achieves effective insulation protection and improves the stability of the solar cell module.

[0012] In some embodiments, the solar cell module further includes a cover covering an insulating film and an insulating gasket, a junction box disposed on the surface of the cover facing away from the insulating film, and a connection portion extending through the cover and connecting to the junction box. This design, by introducing the cover, achieves effective encapsulation of the battery body.

[0013] In some embodiments, the junction box includes a box body and a diode disposed within the box body. The diode is located within the box body, and both the diode and the box body are connected to two busbars. The end of the connection portion furthest from the extension portion is connected to at least the diode. This design, by introducing the diode, can effectively resist the hot spot effect of the solar cell module, which helps alleviate power consumption caused by localized hot spots. Furthermore, the structural design of the first busbar, extension portion, and connection portion allows the diode to be housed within the box body while ensuring effective diode connection, thus improving the structural compactness.

[0014] In some embodiments, the housing body is constructed as an integral structure, with the end of the connecting portion away from the extension connected to the diode and the housing body respectively. This design, for an integral housing body, moves the extension to one end outside the battery body, reducing stress damage to the battery body while ensuring effective connection.

[0015] In some embodiments, the battery body includes two separate wiring components, one at the positive terminal and the other at the negative terminal, with a diode disposed within one of the wiring components. One busbar includes a first bus section, an extension section, and a connecting section. The first bus section is connected to the positive terminal or the negative terminal furthest from the diode and is connected to itself near the wiring component. The connecting section is connected to the diode. The other busbar is configured as a second busbar extending along a second direction within the battery body. The second busbar is connected to the positive terminal or the negative terminal closest to the diode and is connected to both the diode and the wiring component containing the diode. This design, for a separate battery body, moves the extension section to one end outside the battery body, allowing the diode to be disposed within the wiring component while ensuring effective diode connection, thus improving structural compactness.

[0016] In some embodiments, the solar cell module further includes an adapter, through which a first busbar is connected to one of the wiring components, and a second busbar is connected to the diode and another wiring component via the adapter. This design, by introducing the adapter, effectively connects the wiring components and facilitates wiring operations.

[0017] In some embodiments, the solar cell module further includes a substrate, with the cell body disposed on the substrate and an extension located on the portion of the substrate extending beyond the cell body along a second direction. This design, by introducing the substrate, facilitates the encapsulation of the solar cell module.

[0018] Secondly, this application provides a photovoltaic device, which includes a solar cell module according to any of the above.

[0019] Thirdly, this application provides an electrical device that includes a solar cell module as described above.

[0020] Fourthly, this application provides a power generation device, which includes the solar cell module described in any of the above claims. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the conventional technology, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the conventional technology will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the disclosed drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a solar cell module described in some embodiments of this application.

[0023] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the solar cell module in Figure 1 along the AA direction.

[0024] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a solar cell module during the setting of the first insulating layer and the second insulating layer in some embodiments of this application.

[0025] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a solar cell module described in some other embodiments of this application.

[0026] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the solar cell module in Figure 4 along the BB direction.

[0027] 100. Solar cell module; 10. Cell body; 11. Positive terminal; 12. Negative terminal; 20. Busbar; 21. First busbar; 22. Extension; 23. Connector; 24. Second busbar; 25. Adapter; 30. Insulating film; 31. Insulating gasket; 32. Cover; 33. Sealing plug; 40. First insulating layer; 41. Second insulating layer; 50. Substrate; 60. Junction box; 61. Box body; 611. Wiring component; 61a. First wiring component; 61b. Second wiring component; 62. Diode; X, First direction; Y, Second direction; Z, Thickness direction. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0029] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0030] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" appear, these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0031] Furthermore, where the terms "first" and "second" appear, these terms are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, where the term "multiple" appears, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0032] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0033] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the use of descriptions such as "above" or "below" the second feature indicates that the first and second features are in direct contact or indirect contact via an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. Similarly, "below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0034] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. If so, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0035] With the rapid development of science and technology, breakthroughs have been made in the development of new energy sources. For example, solar cells, represented by perovskite and organic thin-film batteries, have made disruptive progress. These types of solar cells are expected to become mainstream products among solar cells due to their advantages such as high efficiency and low cost.

[0036] In photovoltaic (PV) modules, junction boxes are typically installed on the cells to enable electrical connections with external devices. When connecting the junction box, current-carrying components, such as copper tape, are usually installed on both the positive and negative terminals of the cell. Since the junction box is located between the positive and negative terminals, a portion of the current-carrying component is distributed along the direction from the positive to the negative terminal on the surface of the cell. Simultaneously, this portion of the current-carrying component needs to be insulated from the cell; typically, insulating tape is used between the current-carrying component and the cell.

[0037] However, due to the presence of insulating tape and busbars on the surface of the battery body, stress concentration will occur on the battery body during subsequent lamination, which can easily lead to damage to the internal structure of the battery body, thereby accelerating the degradation of the internal structure of the battery body and affecting the stability of the module.

[0038] Based on this, and addressing the problem of stress concentration damage affecting structural stability in traditional solar cell modules, this application provides a solar cell module that utilizes two busbars to connect the junction box to the positive and negative terminals of the cell body, respectively, thereby achieving electrical connection between the junction box and the cell body. In the structural design of the busbars, at least one busbar can be designed as a first busbar section, an extension section, and a connecting section, with the extension section located outside one end of the cell body along a second direction. Therefore, when electrically connected to the junction box, extending the extension section outside one end of the cell body reduces the distribution of the portion of the busbar between the positive or negative terminal and the junction box on the surface of the cell body, lowering the probability of stress concentration caused by the busbar and improving the stability of the solar cell module.

[0039] It should be noted that the battery body refers to the component in a solar cell module that converts light energy into electrical energy. For ease of understanding, taking a perovskite solar cell module as an example, the battery body may include a substrate glass, a transparent conductive layer, an electron transport layer, a perovskite layer, a hole transport layer, and metal electrodes.

[0040] According to some embodiments of this application, referring to FIG1, this application provides a solar cell module 100, which includes a cell body 10, a junction box 60, and two busbars 20. The cell body 10 includes a positive terminal 11 and a negative terminal 12 spaced apart along a first direction X. The junction box 60 is located on one side of the cell body 10 along its thickness direction Z. The two busbars 20 are respectively connected to the positive terminal 11 and the negative terminal 12, and are both electrically connected to the junction box 60. Among the two busbars 20, at least one includes a first busbar portion 21, an extension portion 22, and a connecting portion 23 connected in sequence. The first busbar portion 21 is connected to the positive terminal 11 and / or the negative terminal 12. The extension portion 22 is located outside one end of the cell body 10 along a second direction Y. The connecting portion 23 is connected to the extension portion 22 and the junction box 60. The first direction X, the second direction Y, and the thickness direction Z of the cell body 10 intersect each other, and the three directions are not coplanar.

[0041] The battery body 10 refers to the component in the solar cell module 100 that converts light energy into electrical energy, with its two ends along the first direction X being the negative terminal 12 and the positive terminal 11, respectively. The junction box 60 is a core component that mainly connects the inside and outside of the module, enabling the efficient extraction of electrical energy. The junction box 60 is connected to the battery body 10 via the busbar 20 to the positive terminal 11 and the negative terminal 12, respectively.

[0042] A busbar 20 refers to a structure with conductive function used for the conduction or introduction of electrical energy into or out of the battery body 10, such as, but not limited to, copper tape. In the two busbars 20, at least one busbar 20 includes a first busbar portion 21, an extension portion 22, and a connecting portion 23. The first busbar portion 21 is a structure connected to the positive terminal 11 or the negative terminal 12, used to conduct electrical energy into or out of the battery body 10. The extension portion 22 is a structure of the busbar 20 located outside the battery body 10 along the second direction Y, so that the connecting portion 23 can extend from the battery body 10 along the second direction Y into the battery body 10 and connect to the junction box 60. Compared to the direct extension from the positive terminal 11 or the negative terminal 12 along the second direction Y to the junction box 60, this embodiment extends the extension portion 22 outside the battery body 10, which can partially or completely eliminate the traditional lateral busbar 20 and insulating tape, reducing stress damage to the battery body 10. Furthermore, the junction box 60 may or may not have a diode 62 inside. When a diode 62 is installed inside the junction box 60, the connection part 23 can be electrically connected to the diode 62 or to other components in the junction box 60. The specific wiring method can be determined according to the wiring requirements of the junction box 60.

[0043] When a diode 62 is installed in the junction box 60, the diode 62 can resist the hot spot effect. For example, if the diode 62 is connected in parallel between the positive terminal 11 and the negative terminal 12, when the solar cell module 100 is shaded, the diode 62 will operate, interrupting the current conduction of the solar cell module 100 and reducing the heat generation of the solar cell module 100. Furthermore, when only one of the two busbars 20 includes the first busbar section 21, the extension section 22, and the connecting section 23, the other busbar 20 can be connected to the junction box 60 using a conventional connection method. Alternatively, the junction box 60 can be directly moved to one of the busbars 20, shortening the connection path between the junction box 60 and the busbar 20.

[0044] The extension 22 is located outside one end of the battery body 10 along the second direction Y, and one end of it can extend to a position opposite to the junction box 60 in the first direction X. In this way, the connecting part 23 extends along the first direction X and can be connected to the junction box 60. Of course, it can also extend along the second direction Y but not to a position opposite to the junction box 60 in the first direction X. In this case, the connecting part 23 can extend from the outside of the battery body 10 in an inclined direction to connect with the junction box 60.

[0045] In addition, it should be noted that the first direction X and the second direction Y in this embodiment are both directional concepts introduced when the battery body 10 is in a flat state. Therefore, if the solar cell module 100 is a flexible curved battery, the solar cell module 100 can be flattened again to determine the respective directions of the first direction X and the second direction Y on the battery body 10.

[0046] Therefore, when electrically connected to the junction box 60, extending the extension 22 to one end of the battery body 10 reduces the distribution of the portion of the busbar 20 between the positive terminal 11 or the negative terminal 12 and the junction box 60 on the surface of the battery body 10, thereby reducing the probability of stress concentration caused by the busbar 20 on the battery body 10 and improving the stability of the solar cell module 100.

[0047] According to some embodiments of this application, referring to FIG1 and FIG2, the extension 22 extends along the first direction X, and the projection of the end of the extension 22 connected to the connecting portion 23 along the second direction Y intersects at least partially with the projection of the junction box 60 along the thickness direction Z of the battery body 10.

[0048] The projection of one end of the extension 22 connected to the connecting part 23 along the second direction Y is intended to allow one end of the extension 22 to extend to a position opposite to the junction box 60 in the second direction Y. It should be noted that in some embodiments, the extension 22 extends outward from the surface of the battery body 10, while the junction box 60 may be disposed on the surface of the cover 32 covering the battery body 10. Therefore, there may be a height difference between the extension 22 and the junction box 60 in the thickness direction Z of the battery body 10. For this reason, this embodiment uses the projection of the junction box 60 along the thickness direction Z of the battery body 10 as a reference. When the projection of one end of the extension 22 along the first direction X intersects the projection of the junction box 60, it indicates that one end of the extension 22 can extend to the desired position opposite to the junction box 60 in the first direction X. Specifically, in some examples, the first direction X, the second direction Y, and the thickness direction Z of the battery body 10 are all perpendicular to each other.

[0049] The shape of the extension 22 outside one end of the battery body 10 can be designed in various ways. For example, the extension 22 can extend in a straight line along the second direction Y, presenting a straight structure; or the extension 22 can extend in a curve along the second direction Y, such as the extension 22 presenting a curved structure that arches towards the side away from the battery body 10.

[0050] Furthermore, the extension 22 and the connecting part 23 can be connected by means of snap-fit, bonding, bolting, welding, etc.; they can also be designed as an integrated structure, for example: a part of the busbar 20 extends along the second direction Y to form the extension 22, and one end of the extension 22 is bent toward the side of the battery body 10 to form the connecting part 23. Of course, the connecting part 23 and the extension 22 can be integrally formed by 3D printing technology, die casting, extrusion, etc. Specifically, in some embodiments, the busbar, the extension 22 and the connecting part 23 are an integrated structure.

[0051] This design intersects the projection of the extension 22 along the first direction X and the projection of the junction box 60 along the thickness direction Z, so that one end of the extension 22 extends to the position opposite to the junction box 60. In this way, when wiring, it is only necessary to distribute the connecting part 23 along the first direction X to connect it to the junction box 60, which improves the convenience of wiring operation.

[0052] According to some embodiments of this application, referring to Figures 3 and 4, the solar cell module 100 further includes a first insulating layer 40, which is disposed on at least one surface of the extension 22 along the thickness direction Z of the cell body 10.

[0053] The first insulating layer 40 can be disposed below or above the extension 22; of course, two first insulating layers 40 can also be located above and below the extension 22 respectively. When the first insulating layer 40 is disposed below the extension 22, its thickness can be designed to allow the top surface of the extension 22 to be flush with or approximately flush with the top surface of the battery body 10, reducing the height difference between the extension 22 and the battery body 10, and facilitating the connection portion 23 to extend better from the outside to the top surface of the battery body 10. For example, the thickness of the first insulating layer 40 can be, but is not limited to, 0.2mm to 0.6mm, such as 0.4mm.

[0054] In addition, when the first insulating layer 40 is respectively disposed on the two surfaces of the extension 22, during the manufacturing process, the first insulating layer 40 can be first attached to one end of the battery body 10 along the second direction Y, wherein the first insulating layer 40 extends along the first direction X; then, the extension 22 is attached to the surface of the first insulating layer 40, so that the extension 22 reaches the position corresponding to the junction box 60; finally, a layer of the first insulating layer 40 is covered on the surface of the extension 22, and the upper and lower layers of the first insulating layer 40 are controlled to overlap each other.

[0055] The material of the first insulating layer 40 can be selected from various sources, such as, but not limited to, butyl rubber, silicone rubber, etc.

[0056] With this design, a first insulating layer 40 is provided on at least one surface of the extension 22, which can effectively provide insulation protection for the extended portion of the busbar 20.

[0057] According to some embodiments of this application, referring to Figures 3 and 4, the solar cell module 100 further includes a second insulating layer 41, which is disposed around the outer periphery of the cell body 10 and connected to both ends of the first insulating layer 40.

[0058] The second insulating layer 41 is interconnected with the first insulating layer 40, forming an encapsulation space that effectively encapsulates the outer periphery of the battery body 10; simultaneously, it also provides insulation protection around the battery body 10. The materials of the second insulating layer 41 and the first insulating layer 40 may be the same or different. For example, both the first insulating layer 40 and the second insulating layer 41 may be, but are not limited to, butyl rubber.

[0059] This design, with the introduction of a second insulating layer 41, effectively encapsulates and insulates the battery body 10, which helps to improve the structural stability of the solar cell module 100.

[0060] According to some embodiments of this application, referring to FIG2, the solar cell module 100 further includes an insulating film 30, which is disposed on the surface of the battery body 10 facing the junction box 60 and covers the portion of each busbar 20 located on the surface of the battery body 10. The connecting portion 23 is located on the side of the insulating film 30 facing away from the battery body 10.

[0061] When one of the busbars 20 includes a first busbar 21, an extension 22, and a connecting portion 23, the insulating film 30, after being disposed on the surface of the battery body 10, can cover the first busbar 21 of the busbar 20, but not the extension 22 and the connecting portion 23. For example, the insulating film 30 covers the first busbar 21, but the extension 22 and the connecting portion 23 are not covered. In this case, the connecting portion 23 can extend to the side of the insulating film 30 facing away from the battery body 10, so that the connecting portion 23 and the battery body 10 are insulated. When the busbar 20 is completely located within the surface of the battery body 10, the insulating film 30 can cover the entire busbar 20. Specifically, in some embodiments, the insulating film 30 completely covers the surface of the battery body 10.

[0062] It should be noted that there are various choices for the material of the insulating film 30, as long as it can achieve a volume resistivity ≥10. 15For example, the bonding strength to tempered cover glass should be ≥60 N / cm, such as: TPO (Thermoplastic polyolefin), POE (Polyolefin Elastomer), EVA (Ethylene Vinyl Acetate Copolymer), PVB (Polyvinyl Butyral), TPU (Thermoplastic Polyurethane), etc.

[0063] This design introduces an insulating film 30 to effectively insulate and protect the portion of the busbar 20 located on the surface of the battery body 10; at the same time, it also insulates the connection part 23 from the battery body 10, making it easier for the connection part 23 to extend from the outside to the top of the battery body 10 and connect to the junction box 60.

[0064] According to some embodiments of this application, referring to FIG2, the solar cell module 100 further includes an insulating pad 31, which is attached to the junction box 60 in the projection area of ​​the insulating film 30. The connecting part 23 passes through the insulating pad 31 and the insulating film 30, and passes through the insulating pad 31 to connect with the junction box 60.

[0065] The connecting portion 23 extends from one end of the battery body 10 to the surface of the insulating film 30, and extends to the projection area of ​​the junction box 60 on the insulating film 30. At this point, the surface of the connecting portion 23 facing away from the insulating film 30 is directly exposed below the junction box 60, which is detrimental to insulation protection. Therefore, an insulating gasket 31 is provided in the projection area of ​​the junction box 60 on the insulating film 30, such that the insulating gasket 31 covers at least a portion of the surface of the connecting portion 23. Since the connecting portion 23 needs to be connected to the junction box 60, one end of the connecting portion 23 also needs to penetrate through the insulating gasket 31. Of course, in some embodiments, the insulating gasket 31 may also extend along the second direction Y to the end of the battery body 10 near the extension 22, to insulatingly cover a larger portion of the connecting portion 23.

[0066] The insulating gasket 31 can be made of various materials, as long as it can achieve effective insulation (volume resistivity ≥ 10). 14Ω·cm), for example: but not limited to PMMA (Polymethyl Methacrylate), PET (polyethylene glycol terephthalate), PI (Polyimide), PC (Polycarbonate), PVB (Polyvinyl Butyral), etc.

[0067] This design introduces an insulating pad 31 to cover part of the surface of the connection part 23, achieving effective insulation protection and improving the stability of the solar cell module 100.

[0068] According to some embodiments of this application, referring to FIG2, the solar cell module 100 further includes a cover 32, which covers an insulating film 30 and an insulating pad 31. A junction box 60 is disposed on the surface of the cover 32 facing away from the insulating film 30, and a connecting part 23 extends out of the cover 32 and is connected to the junction box 60.

[0069] The cover 32 refers to the structure that covers the top surface of the battery body 10, and it also provides structural support for the installation of the junction box 60. The cover 32 can be a transparent structure, such as, but not limited to, glass.

[0070] In addition, since the junction box 60 is located on the side of the cover 32 facing away from the insulating film 30, an opening needs to be made in the cover 32 to allow the busbar 20 to pass through the cover 32 and connect to the junction box 60. At this time, in order to reduce the infiltration of water and oxygen, a sealing plug 33 can be inserted into the opening structure on the cover 32.

[0071] This design introduces a cover 32 to effectively encapsulate the battery body 10.

[0072] According to some embodiments of this application, referring to FIG2, the junction box 60 includes a box body 61 and a diode 62 disposed in the box body 61. The diode 62 is disposed in the box body 61, and both the diode 62 and the box body 61 are connected to two busbars 20; wherein, the end of the connecting portion 23 away from the extension portion 22 is at least connected to the diode 62.

[0073] The junction box body 61 is the main component of the junction box 60, which connects the internal and external parts of the assembly and enables efficient power output. The junction box body 61 can be designed as a single unit, positioned between the positive terminal 11 and the negative terminal 12, or at either the positive or negative terminal 12. When the junction box body 61 is positioned at either the positive or negative terminal 12, it can be directly connected to the nearby busbar 20, eliminating or shortening the wiring structure extending along the first direction X between the busbar 20 and the junction box body 61. Alternatively, the junction box body 61 can be designed as a split structure; for example, it can include two parts, one positioned at the positive terminal 11 and the other at the negative terminal 12. This effectively reduces stress damage to the battery body 10 caused by the portion of the busbar 20 extending along the first direction X. Furthermore, if the housing 61 is divided into two parts, and the diode 62 can be disposed in one of the parts, it means that the diode 62 can be directly connected to one of the positive terminal 11 and the negative terminal 12, but has a certain distance from the other of the positive terminal 11 and the negative terminal 12 in the first direction X. In this case, the bus 20 away from the diode 62 can be designed as a first bus section 21, an extension section 22, and a connecting section 23.

[0074] Diode 62 is a device connected in parallel with the housing 61 to the positive terminal 11 and the negative terminal 12, which can resist the hot spot effect. The diode 62 is located inside the housing 61, reducing the space occupied by the junction box 60 and making the structure more compact. Diode 62 needs to be connected to both the positive terminal 11 and the negative terminal 12. Therefore, regardless of the location of the diode 62 in the battery body 10, it will maintain a distance from the positive terminal 11 and / or the negative terminal 12 in the first direction X. To reduce the risk of stress damage to the internal components caused by the current collector 20 extending along the first direction X, at least one current collector 20 is designed as a first current collector 21, an extension 22, and a connecting portion 23, so that the portion of the current collector 20 extending along the first direction X is transferred to one end of the battery body 10.

[0075] Additionally, it should be noted that the box body 61 and diode 62 shown in Figure 2 are only schematic diagrams and do not show their specific structures. Furthermore, the specific connection circuits of the box body 611 and diode 62 are not the objects to be improved in this application, and can be referred to existing connection methods. Therefore, the specific connection circuits of the box body 611 and diode 62 are not shown in Figure 2.

[0076] This design, with the introduction of diode 62, can effectively resist the hot spot effect of solar cell module 100, which helps to alleviate the power consumption caused by local hot spots. In addition, by utilizing the structural design of the first bus 21, extension 22 and connection 23, the diode 62 can be placed inside the housing body 61 while ensuring effective connection, thus improving the compactness of the structure.

[0077] According to some embodiments of this application, referring to FIG1, the housing body 61 is constructed as an integral structure, and the end of the connecting portion 23 away from the extension portion 22 is connected to the diode 62 and the housing body 61 respectively.

[0078] An integral structure refers to a structure that is integrated into the same shell to form a whole. In this case, the box body 61 can be set at the positive terminal 11 or at the negative terminal 12; of course, it can also be set between the positive terminal 11 and the negative terminal 12.

[0079] When the box body 61 is located at the positive terminal 11, there is a certain gap between the box body 61 and the negative terminal 12. To reduce stress damage to the battery body 10 caused by the current collector 20, the current collector 20 connected to the negative terminal 12 can be designed as a first current collector 21, an extension 22, and a connecting part 23. When the box body 61 is located at the negative terminal 12, the current collector 20 connected to the positive terminal 11 can be designed as a first current collector 21, an extension 22, and a connecting part 23. Simultaneously, when the box body 61 is located between the positive terminal 11 and the negative terminal 12, both current collectors 20 can be designed as a first current collector 21, an extension 22, and a connecting part 23.

[0080] In addition, since the box body 61 is an integral structure, when the diode 62 is installed in the junction box 60, its wiring method can be consistent with the wiring method of the box body 61.

[0081] To facilitate understanding, the junction box 60 located between the positive terminal 11 and the negative terminal 12 can be experimentally illustrated. For example, in Comparative Example 1, copper tape is attached to both the positive terminal 11 and the negative terminal 12, and copper tape is attached to the surface of the battery body 10 along the first direction X, so that the copper tape connects to the junction box 60. In Embodiment 1, both busbars 20 are designed as a first busbar 21, an extension 22, and a connecting part 23, and the first busbar 21, the extension 22, and the connecting part 23 are all made of copper tape. As for the other structures of the solar cell module 100, Embodiment 1 and Comparative Example 1 are consistent.

[0082] The following stability tests were performed on Example 1 and Comparative Example 1.

[0083] (1) IV Test: An AAA-grade solar simulator was used as the light source, and a high-precision source meter was used as the testing equipment. The voltage scan range was from -0.5V to 48V, and the data acquisition delay was 20ms. Current and voltage data were collected, and the program plotted the voltage as the horizontal axis and the current as the vertical axis to form an IV curve. The horizontal axis intercept was the open-circuit voltage Voc, and the vertical axis intercept was the short-circuit current Jsc. The product of I and V on the IV curve was the power under the corresponding load. The ratio of the maximum power to the solar simulator irradiance was the efficiency PCE. Multiple data points under the same experimental conditions were averaged.

[0084] (2) PL test: Photoluminescence (PL) test, the module is placed on a photoluminescence imaging device, and the component is irradiated with 502nm light as excitation light. A dedicated camera is used to collect the photoluminescence intensity image of 700-900nm on the 2D plane.

[0085] (3) EL test: Electroluminescent (EL) test, place the module on the electroluminescent imaging device, connect the positive and negative wires to the interface on the device, adjust the source meter, input an external current of 300mA at 44V, and use a dedicated camera to collect the photoluminescence intensity image of 700-900nm on the 2D plane.

[0086] (4) UV-TC sequence test: Referring to IEC 61215-2:2021MQT10, the equipment is first placed in a UV aging chamber with the temperature controlled at 60℃, and subjected to an irradiance of 250W / m at 280~400nm. 2 The samples were irradiated with a light source for 60 hours, then transferred to a thermal cycling test chamber. Following IEC 61215-2:2021MQT11, a thermal cycling test was conducted from -40℃ to 85℃ at a heating / cooling rate of 1℃ / min, with 45-minute intervals at 85℃ and -40℃, for a total of 200 cycles. After removal and restoring at room temperature for one hour, visual inspection was performed, and IV, PL, and EL levels were measured after aging.

[0087] The photoelectric conversion efficiency loss rate (PCE loss rate) before and after UV-TC sequence testing is calculated using the following formula:

[0088]

[0089] And record the results of the visual inspection.

[0090] (5) DH test: The perovskite photovoltaic modules obtained in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 were subjected to IV test to obtain the photoelectric conversion efficiency before the damp heat test.

[0091] Next, the damp heat test (MQT 13) specified in IEC 61215:2021 standard is performed. The test method is as follows: the positive and negative terminals of the junction box of the perovskite photovoltaic module are short-circuited, and it is placed in a constant temperature and humidity chamber at a temperature of 85±2℃ and a humidity of 85±5%RH. Every 500 hours of aging, the temperature is controlled by a program to cool down at a rate of 1.5℃ / min. After about 40 minutes of recovery to room temperature, it is then allowed to continue to recover for 2 hours at 23±5℃ and below 75%RH with an open circuit. Visual inspection and photography are performed, and IV, PL, and EL tests are measured after aging. The module is then returned to its original position, and aging continues until the PCE drops below 80% of the initial value and yellowing is observed during visual inspection. The test is then stopped. The total aging time from the first PCE drop below 80% of the initial value is recorded as T. 80 The total time of aging from the first visual inspection when abnormal yellowing of the component is discovered is recorded as T. 进水 .

[0092] The following are the test results:

[0093] Therefore, it can be seen that the scheme in Example 1 achieves almost no loss in DH test T. 进水 Under the premise of [the above], the stress failure problem of the busbar 20 was effectively solved, and better results were achieved in both UV-TC sequence test and DH test.

[0094] This indicates that transferring a portion of the busbar 20 to one end of the battery body 10 can effectively reduce stress damage to the battery body 10, slow down the degradation of the internal structure of the battery body 10, and improve the stability of the component.

[0095] With this design, for the integral box body 61, the extension 22 is moved to one end of the battery body 10, which reduces stress damage to the battery body 10 while ensuring effective connection.

[0096] According to some embodiments of this application, referring to Figures 4 and 5, the battery body 61 includes two separate wiring components 611, which are respectively located at the positive terminal 11 and the negative terminal 12. A diode 62 is located in one of the two wiring components 611. One of the busbars 20 includes a first busbar 21, an extension 22, and a connecting part 23. The first busbar 21 is connected to the positive terminal 11 or the negative terminal 12 that is away from the diode 62, and is connected to itself near the wiring component 611. The connecting part 23 is connected to the diode 62. The other busbar 20 is configured as a second busbar 24 extending in the second direction Y within the battery body 10. The second busbar 24 is connected to the positive terminal 11 or the negative terminal 12 that is near the diode 62, and is connected to the diode 62 and the wiring component 611 containing the diode 62, respectively.

[0097] When the housing 61 is designed as a split structure, such as with two wiring components 611, these two components are respectively located at the positive terminal 11 and the negative terminal 12. This shortens the wiring distance between the wiring component 611 and either the positive or negative terminal 11. Since the diode 62 needs to be connected to both the positive and negative terminals 11 and 12 simultaneously, the traditional wiring method places the diode 62 outside the housing 61, using a separate busbar to complete the positive and negative connections of the diode 62. However, this method results in a larger number of external devices for the component and occupies more space.

[0098] Therefore, in this embodiment, one of the busbars 20 is designed as a first busbar 21, an extension 22, and a connection 23. The second busbar 24 is a structure located within the surface of the battery body 10 and extending along the second direction Y. This allows the diode 62 to be integrated into the wiring component 611 while ensuring effective connection of the diode 62.

[0099] For ease of understanding, please refer to Figure 4. Taking two wiring components 611 as the first wiring component 61a and the second wiring component 61b, and the diode 62 as being located inside the second wiring component 61b, the first wiring component 61a is located at the positive terminal 11, and the second wiring component 61b is located at the negative terminal 12. In this case, the busbar 20 near the first wiring component 61a may include a first busbar 21, an extension 22, and a connecting part 23. The busbar 20 near the second wiring component 61b may be designed as a second busbar 24. The first busbar 21 is connected to the first wiring component 61a, and the second busbar 24 is connected to the second wiring component 61b and the diode 62 respectively, so that the second wiring component 61b and the diode 62 are respectively connected to the negative terminal 12. The connection between the diode 62 and the positive terminal 11 is completed by the extension 22 and the connecting part 23. In this case, the extension 22 extends from the positive terminal 11 to the negative terminal 12 along the first direction X at one end of the battery body 10.

[0100] Additionally, it should be noted that the box body 61 and diode 62 shown in Figure 5 are only schematic diagrams and do not show their specific structures. Furthermore, the specific connection circuits of the box body 611 and diode 62 are not the objects to be improved in this application, and can be referred to existing connection methods. Therefore, the specific connection circuits of the box body 611 and diode 62 are not shown in Figure 5.

[0101] With this design, for the split-type box body 61, the extension 22 is moved to one end of the battery body 10. While ensuring the effective connection of the diode 62, the diode 62 can be placed inside the wiring component 611, improving the compactness of the structure.

[0102] According to some embodiments of this application, referring to Figures 4 and 5, the solar cell module 100 further includes an adapter 25, a first busbar 21 connected to one of the wiring components 611 via the adapter 25, and a second busbar 24 connected to the diode 62 and the other wiring component 611 via the adapter 25.

[0103] The adapter 25 is a component that enables electrical connection between the wiring component 611 and the first busbar 21 or the second busbar 24. It can be, but is not limited to, copper tape. The adapter 25 can be fixed to the first busbar 21 or the second busbar 24 by welding, snap-fitting, or other methods. Alternatively, the adapter 25 can be an integral part of the first busbar 21 or the second busbar 24, for example, by cutting or extrusion.

[0104] This design incorporates an adapter 25, which can effectively connect the wiring component 611, facilitating wiring operations.

[0105] According to some embodiments of this application, referring to FIG2, the solar cell module 100 further includes a substrate 50, a cell body 10 disposed on the substrate 50, and an extension 22 located on the portion of the substrate 50 extending beyond the cell body 10 along the second direction Y.

[0106] The substrate 50 is also called the base plate or substrate. The material of the substrate 50 can be, but is not limited to, glass, tempered glass, quartz, organic flexible materials, etc. To facilitate the encapsulation of the battery body 10, the substrate 50 needs to extend beyond the battery body 10 on all sides. For example, in the fabrication of the solar cell module 100, after the battery body 10 is formed on the substrate 50, the edges of the battery body 10 can be cleaned to expose the substrate 50.

[0107] This design introduces a substrate 50, which facilitates the encapsulation of the solar cell module 100.

[0108] According to some embodiments of this application, this application provides a photovoltaic device, which includes a solar cell module 100 as described above.

[0109] According to some embodiments of this application, this application provides an electrical device, which includes the solar cell module 100 of any of the above.

[0110] According to some embodiments of this application, this application provides a power generation device, which includes a solar cell module 100 as described above.

[0111] A photovoltaic (PV) power generation system is a system that directly converts solar radiation energy into electrical energy using the photovoltaic effect. It is divided into stand-alone PV systems and grid-connected PV systems. A stand-alone PV system consists of a solar photovoltaic array composed of photovoltaic modules, a battery bank, a charging controller, a power electronic converter (inverter), and loads. A grid-connected PV system consists of a photovoltaic array, a high-frequency DC / DC boost circuit, a power electronic converter (inverter), and a system monitoring section.

[0112] According to some embodiments of this application, referring to Figures 1 to 5, this application provides a solar cell module 100, which includes a battery body 10, a junction box 60, and current collectors 20. The junction box 60 includes a box body 61 and a diode 62. The box body 61 can be an integral structure or a separate structure. When the box body 61 is an integral structure, both current collectors 20 include a first current collector 21, an extension 22, and a connecting part 23. The two first current collectors 21 are respectively attached to the positive terminal 11 and the negative terminal 12 of the battery body 10. The extension 22 is located outside one end of the battery body 10, and one end of it extends to the position where the junction box 60 is located. One end of the connecting part 23 is connected to the extension 22, and the other end is connected to the box body 61 and the diode 62.

[0113] When the battery body 61 includes two separate wiring components 611, one busbar 20 includes a first busbar 21, an extension 22, and a connecting part 23, and the other busbar 20 is a second busbar 24 located on the surface of the battery body 10. The two wiring components 611 are respectively disposed at the positive terminal 11 and the negative terminal 12. The first busbar 21 is connected to the wiring component 611 closest to it, and the second busbar 24 is connected to the wiring component 611 closest to it and the diode 62, and the connecting part 23 is also connected to the diode 62.

[0114] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0115] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A solar cell module, the solar cell module comprising: The battery body includes a positive terminal and a negative terminal spaced apart along a first direction; The junction box is located on one side of the battery body along its own thickness direction; Two busbars are connected to the positive terminal and the negative terminal respectively, and both are electrically connected to the junction box; Among the two busbars, at least one includes a first busbar section, an extension section, and a connecting section connected in sequence. The first busbar section is connected to the positive terminal and / or the negative terminal. The extension section is located outside one end of the battery body along the second direction. The connecting section is connected to the extension section and the junction box. The first direction, the second direction, and the thickness direction of the battery body intersect each other, and the three directions are not coplanar.

2. The solar cell module according to claim 1, wherein, The extension extends along the first direction, and the projection of the end of the extension connected to the connecting portion along the second direction at least partially intersects the projection of the junction box along the thickness direction of the battery body.

3. The solar cell module according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The solar cell module further includes a first insulating layer disposed on at least one surface of the extension along the thickness direction of the cell body.

4. The solar cell module according to claim 3, wherein, The solar cell module further includes a second insulating layer, which is disposed around the outer periphery of the cell body and connected to both ends of the first insulating layer.

5. The solar cell module according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein, The solar cell module also includes an insulating film disposed on the surface of the battery body facing the junction box and covering the portion of each busbar located on the surface of the battery body, with the connection portion located on the side of the insulating film facing away from the battery body.

6. The solar cell module according to claim 5, wherein, The solar cell module also includes an insulating pad, which is attached to the junction box in the projection area of ​​the insulating film. The connecting part passes between the insulating pad and the insulating film and extends out of the insulating pad to connect with the junction box.

7. The solar cell module according to claim 6, wherein, The solar cell module also includes a cover that covers the insulating film and the insulating gasket. The junction box is located on the surface of the cover facing away from the insulating film, and the connecting part extends out of the cover and connects to the junction box.

8. The solar cell module according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein, The junction box includes a box body and a diode disposed within the box body. The diode is disposed within the box body, and both the diode and the box body are connected to the two busbars. The end of the connecting portion away from the extension portion is connected to at least the diode.

9. The solar cell module according to claim 8, wherein, The housing body is constructed as an integral structure, and the end of the connecting portion away from the extension portion is connected to the diode and the housing body respectively.

10. The solar cell module according to claim 8, wherein, The box body includes two separate wiring components, which are respectively located at the positive terminal and the negative terminal, and the diode is located in one of the two wiring components; One of the busbars includes a first busbar portion, an extension portion, and a connection portion. The first busbar portion is connected to the positive terminal and the negative terminal that are furthest from the diode, and is connected to itself close to the wiring component. The connection portion is connected to the diode. Another of the busbars is configured as a second busbar extending in the second direction within the battery body, the second busbar being connected to the positive terminal and the negative terminal closest to the diode, and being connected to the diode and a wiring component having the diode internally, respectively.

11. The solar cell module according to claim 10, wherein, The solar cell module further includes an adapter, through which the first busbar is connected to one of the wiring components, and the second busbar is connected to the diode and the other wiring component through the adapter.

12. The solar cell module according to any one of claims 1-11, wherein, The solar cell module further includes a substrate, the cell body is disposed on the substrate, and the extension is located on the portion of the substrate that extends beyond the cell body along the second direction.

13. A photovoltaic device comprising a solar cell module as described in any one of claims 1-12.

14. An electrical device comprising a solar cell module as described in any one of claims 1-12.

15. A power generation device comprising a solar cell module as described in any one of claims 1-12.

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