Booster cylinder direct-connected hydraulic press

Abstract

The present invention discloses a direct-connected booster cylinder hydraulic press, in which two main cylinders are arranged on the upper crossbeam of the main frame, and a booster cylinder is arranged on the top of the cylinder body of each main cylinder, and a large piston with a small piston connected to the bottom is arranged in the inner cavity of the booster cylinder; a side oil inlet is arranged on the side wall of the lower cavity of the booster cylinder, and an upper oil inlet is arranged on the top of the upper cavity of the booster cylinder; an oil outlet through hole is arranged between the bottom of the booster cylinder and the top of the main cylinder, and the bottom end of the main cylinder plunger rod is connected to a movable slider, which is located in a frame formed by four columns, and the lower end working surface of the movable slider is connected to the upper half of the mold, and the lower half of the mold is fixed to the workbench by bolts. The end surface area ratio and stroke of the large piston and the small piston in the present invention increase the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the rodless cavity of the main cylinder to the design pressure instantly, and the hot crushed material is pressed and formed at one time, which effectively reduces the power consumption of the equipment itself; reduces the volume of the equipment, reduces the weight, and reduces the cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of forging equipment, in particular to a booster cylinder direct-connected oil press. Background Art

[0002] At present, the recycling of scrap steel in the market is mainly remelting and re-smelting. This method consumes huge energy, and the melting temperature of steel needs to be above 1000℃. The hot forming hydraulic press is mainly a processing equipment for deep processing of scrap light and thin materials produced by the mechanical processing industry to regain their use value. The scrap light and thin materials after mechanical crushing are heated to 750℃ (if the heating temperature of steelmaking is at least above 1000℃), poured into a special mold and pressed and formed multiple times by a hot forming hydraulic press. The mechanical properties of the pressed products are close to those of gray cast iron, and the manufacturing cost is 50% lower than that of gray cast iron. It is mainly used as counterweights in various elevator industries and ballast iron in the shipbuilding industry. With the continuous growth of the construction and shipping industries in my country, the demand for this series of counterweight products is increasing, making the domestic market in short supply of processing equipment for producing this counterweight product.

[0003] In order to increase the pressure, the existing hot forming hydraulic press requires a large-sized hydraulic cylinder, which makes the frame large and occupies a large area; the hydraulic cylinder needs to reciprocate multiple times to press the material into shape, and its own energy consumption is high. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a booster cylinder direct-connected hydraulic press, which can pressurize and shape materials at one time, reduce the volume of the hydraulic press frame, reduce the weight, and minimize its own energy consumption.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A booster cylinder direct-connected hydraulic press, which includes a three-beam four-column main machine frame, the main machine frame includes an upper crossbeam, a lower crossbeam and four columns connected between the upper crossbeam and the lower crossbeam, the upper part of the lower crossbeam is a work surface, the middle part of the upper crossbeam is provided with two mounting holes, two plunger-type master cylinders respectively penetrate the mounting holes, the bottom of the cylinder body of the master cylinder is fixed to the lower surface of the upper crossbeam through a flange; a piston-type booster cylinder is provided on the top of the cylinder body of each master cylinder, the bottom end of the cylinder body of the booster cylinder is bolted together with the top end of the cylinder body of the master cylinder, the inner cavity of the booster cylinder is a two-step variable diameter cylinder, a large piston is provided in the upper cavity, and the diameter of the upper cavity is the same as that of the upper cavity. The diameter of the large piston is adapted to the small piston, and the bottom of the large piston is connected to the small piston, and the diameter of the lower cavity is adapted to the diameter of the small piston; a side oil inlet is provided on the side wall of the rodless cavity of the master cylinder, and an upper oil inlet is provided on the top of the upper cavity of the booster cylinder; an oil outlet hole is provided between the bottom of the booster cylinder and the top of the master cylinder, and the oil outlet hole connects the lower cavity of the booster cylinder and the rodless cavity of the master cylinder; the bottom end of the plunger rod of the master cylinder is connected to the upper surface of the rectangular movable slider through a flange, the movable slider is located in a frame formed by four columns, the lower end working surface of the movable slider is connected to the upper half of the mold, and the lower half of the mold is fixed to the workbench by bolts.

[0007] Preferably, the lower part of the small piston is clamped in the lower cavity of the booster cylinder, and a sealing strip is provided on the side wall of the bottom end of the small piston.

[0008] Preferably, the two side walls of the upper cross beam are connected to the cylinder body of the return cylinder by bolts respectively, and the piston end of the return cylinder is connected to the side wall of the movable slide block by bolts.

[0009] Preferably, the ratio of the diameter of the large piston to the area of ​​the small piston is 2-3:1.

[0010] Preferably, the bottom of the large piston is threadedly connected to the top of the small piston.

[0011] Preferably, an exhaust hole is provided on the bottom side wall of the upper chamber of the boosting cylinder.

[0012] Preferably, the four sides of the movable slider are respectively adjacent to four columns, and the columns serve as guide tracks for the movable slider.

[0013] Preferably, a plurality of T-slots are provided on the lower working surface of the movable slider, a T-shaped pull rod matching the T-slots is provided on the top of the upper half of the mold, and the upper half of the mold is inserted into the T-slots through the T-shaped pull rods.

[0014] The working principle of the present invention is:

[0015] (1) Fast-down stage: At the beginning of operation, the side oil inlet starts to flow in. After the hydraulic oil is injected into the rodless chamber of the main cylinder and the lower chamber of the booster cylinder through the oil outlet hole, the small piston and the large piston in the booster cylinder and the plunger rod of the main cylinder are pushed to the upper and lower ends respectively. Under the action of the hydraulic oil, the plunger rod of the main cylinder drives the movable slide block and the upper part of the mold to move downward. After the upper and lower parts of the mold are buckled, the hot crushed material placed in the mold is pressed at normal pressure. During the downward movement of the movable slide block, the piston rods of the return cylinders on both sides extend at the same time;

[0016] (2) Pressurized forming stage: When the plunger rod is blocked and no longer moves, the upper oil inlet on the top of the booster cylinder starts to flow in oil, and the hydraulic oil squeezes the large piston and the small piston downward at the same time. Due to the different diameters of the large piston and the small piston, the pressure on the top of the small piston is much greater than the pressure on the bottom of the small piston. The small piston transmits the pressure to the hydraulic oil below it, and the hydraulic oil in the lower chamber of the booster cylinder and the rodless chamber of the main cylinder is compressed. The pressure of the hydraulic oil instantly increases to the designed working pressure, pushing the plunger rod to continue to move downward, and the movable slider continues to pressurize the hot crushed material to form it;

[0017] (3) Return stage: After the material is formed, the pressure is released from the upper oil inlet first, and the large and small pistons of the booster cylinder return to their initial positions; the piston rod of the return cylinder begins to retract, lifting the movable slider and the plunger rod of the master cylinder upward to their initial positions, and at the same time, the hydraulic oil in the rodless chamber of the master cylinder and the upper chamber of the booster cylinder flows back to the hydraulic station.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] (1) The present invention sets a booster cylinder on the top of the main cylinder, and a large piston and a small piston are set in the inner cavity of the booster cylinder. The end surface area ratio and stroke of the large piston and the small piston determine the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the rodless cavity of the main cylinder, so that the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the rodless cavity of the main cylinder can be instantly increased to the design pressure, and the hot crushed material is pressed and formed at one time, which effectively reduces the power consumption of the equipment itself;

[0020] (2) The present invention adopts the mode of boosting by boosting cylinder, and the diameter of the plunger rod of the main cylinder only needs half of that of the conventional pressure, which reduces the volume of the equipment, reduces the weight, and reduces the cost;

[0021] (3) The present invention provides an exhaust hole on the side wall of the bottom of the upper chamber of the booster cylinder, so that the waste oil entering the upper chamber below the bottom surface of the large piston can be discharged in time. During the movement of the large piston and the small piston, this cavity is filled with air to avoid the formation of a vacuum negative pressure state, and the hydraulic oil in the rodless chamber of the master cylinder is sucked into the upper chamber of the booster cylinder;

[0022] (4) The end surface area of ​​large and small pistons can be designed according to user needs to reduce the configuration of auxiliary equipment and energy loss. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A side view of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the connection structure between the middle boost cylinder and the master cylinder;

[0026] In the figure: 1. main cylinder, 2. upper crossbeam, 3. return cylinder, 4. column, 5. movable slide block, 6. mold, 7. work table, 8. lower crossbeam, 9. plunger rod, 10. booster cylinder, 11. large piston, 12. small piston, 13. side oil inlet, 14. oil outlet through hole, 15. upper oil inlet, 16. air inlet, 17. T-slot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0028] like Figures 1 to 3 The booster cylinder direct-connected hydraulic press shown in the figure comprises a three-beam four-column main machine frame, the main machine frame comprises an upper crossbeam 2, a lower crossbeam 8 and four columns 4 connected between the upper crossbeam 2 and the lower crossbeam 8, the upper part of the lower crossbeam 8 is a work table 7, the middle part of the upper crossbeam 2 is provided with two mounting holes, two plunger-type master cylinders 1 respectively penetrate the mounting holes, the bottom of the cylinder body of the master cylinder 1 is fixed to the lower surface of the upper crossbeam 2 by a flange; a piston-type booster cylinder 10 is provided on the top of the cylinder body of each master cylinder 1, the bottom end of the cylinder body of the booster cylinder 10 is bolted together with the top end of the cylinder body of the master cylinder 1, the inner cavity of the booster cylinder 10 is a two-step variable diameter cylinder, a large piston 11 is provided in the upper cavity, and the diameter of the upper cavity is equal to the diameter of the large piston 11 The diameters are adapted to each other, a small piston 12 is connected to the bottom of the large piston 11, and the diameter of the lower cavity is adapted to the diameter of the small piston 12; a side oil inlet 13 is provided on the side wall of the rodless cavity of the master cylinder 10, and an upper oil inlet 15 is provided on the top of the upper cavity of the boosting cylinder 10; an oil outlet through hole 14 is provided between the bottom of the boosting cylinder 10 and the top of the master cylinder 1, and the oil outlet through hole 14 connects the lower cavity of the boosting cylinder 10 and the rodless cavity of the master cylinder 1; the bottom end of the plunger rod 9 of the master cylinder 1 is connected to the upper surface of the rectangular movable slider 5 through a flange, the movable slider 5 is located in a frame formed by four columns 4, the lower end working surface of the movable slider 5 is connected to the upper half of the mold 6, and the lower half of the mold 6 is fixed to the work table 7 by bolts.

[0029] The lower part of the small piston 12 is clamped in the lower cavity of the booster cylinder 10 , and a sealing strip is provided on the side wall of the bottom end of the small piston 12 .

[0030] The two side walls of the upper cross beam 2 are connected to the cylinder body of the return cylinder 3 by bolts, and the piston end of the return cylinder 3 is connected to the side wall of the movable slide block 5 by bolts.

[0031] The diameter ratio of the large piston 11 to the small piston 12 is 2-3: 1. The bottom of the large piston 11 and the upper part of the small piston 12 are threadedly connected.

[0032] An exhaust hole 16 is provided on the side wall of the bottom of the upper chamber of the boosting cylinder 10 .

[0033] The four sides of the movable slider 5 are respectively adjacent to the four columns 4 , and the columns 4 serve as guide tracks for the movable slider 5 .

[0034] A plurality of T-shaped slots 17 are arranged on the lower working surface of the movable slide block 5 , and a T-shaped tie rod matching the T-shaped slots 17 is arranged on the top of the upper half of the mold 6 , and the upper half of the mold 6 is inserted into the T-shaped slots 17 through the T-shaped tie rod.

[0035] The working principle of the present invention is:

[0036] (1) Fast-down stage: At the beginning of operation, the side oil inlet 13 starts to flow in oil. After the hydraulic oil is injected into the rodless chamber of the main cylinder 1 and the lower chamber of the booster cylinder 10 through the oil outlet hole 14, the small piston 12 and the large piston 11 in the booster cylinder 10 and the plunger rod 9 of the main cylinder 1 are pushed to the upper and lower ends respectively. Under the action of the hydraulic oil, the plunger rod 9 of the main cylinder 1 drives the movable slide 5 and the upper part of the mold 6 to move downward. After the upper and lower parts of the mold 6 are buckled, the hot crushed material placed in the mold 6 is pressed at normal pressure; during the downward movement of the movable slide 5, the piston rods of the return cylinders 3 on both sides extend at the same time;

[0037] (2) Pressurized forming stage: When the plunger rod 9 is blocked and no longer moves, the upper oil inlet 15 at the top of the booster cylinder 10 starts to flow with oil, and the hydraulic oil squeezes the large piston 11 and the small piston 12 downward at the same time. Due to the different diameters of the large piston 11 and the small piston 12, the pressure on the top of the small piston 12 is much greater than the pressure on the bottom of the small piston 12. The small piston 12 transmits the pressure to the hydraulic oil below it, and the hydraulic oil in the lower chamber of the booster cylinder 10 and the rodless chamber of the main cylinder 1 is compressed. The pressure of the hydraulic oil instantly increases to the designed working pressure, pushing the plunger rod 9 to continue to move downward, and the movable slider 5 continues to pressurize the hot crushed material to form it;

[0038] (3) Return stage: After the material is formed, the upper oil inlet 15 no longer supplies oil; the piston rod of the return cylinder 3 begins to retract, lifting the movable slider 5 and the plunger rod 9 of the master cylinder 1 upward to the initial position. At the same time, the hydraulic oil in the rodless chamber of the master cylinder 1 and the upper chamber of the booster cylinder 10 flows back to the hydraulic station.

[0039] The present invention arranges a booster cylinder on the top of the main cylinder, and a large piston and a small piston are arranged in the inner cavity of the booster cylinder. The end surface area ratio and the stroke of the large piston and the small piston determine the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the rodless cavity of the main cylinder, so that the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the rodless cavity of the main cylinder can be instantly increased to the design pressure, and the hot crushed material is pressurized and formed at one time, which effectively reduces the power consumption of the equipment itself; by adopting the booster cylinder pressurization mode, the diameter of the plunger rod of the main cylinder only needs half of that at conventional pressure, which reduces the size of the equipment, reduces the weight, and reduces the cost.

Claims

1. A booster cylinder direct-connected hydraulic press, comprising a three-beam four-column mainframe frame, the mainframe frame comprising an upper crossbeam (2), a lower crossbeam (8) and four columns (4) connected between the upper crossbeam (2) and the lower crossbeam (8), the upper part of the lower crossbeam (8) being a work surface (7), characterized in that: Two mounting holes are provided in the middle of the upper crossbeam (2), and two plunger-type master cylinders (1) respectively penetrate the mounting holes. The bottom of the cylinder body of the master cylinder (1) is fixed to the lower surface of the upper crossbeam (2) by a flange; a piston-type booster cylinder (10) is provided at the top of the cylinder body of each master cylinder (1), and the bottom end of the cylinder body of the booster cylinder (10) is bolted together with the top end of the cylinder body of the master cylinder (1); the inner cavity of the booster cylinder (10) is a two-step variable diameter cylinder, and a large piston (11) is provided in the upper cavity, and the diameter of the upper cavity is matched with the diameter of the large piston (11); the bottom of the large piston (11) is connected to a small piston (12), and the diameter of the lower cavity is matched with the diameter of the small piston (12); a side oil inlet (13) is provided on the side wall of the rodless cavity of the master cylinder (1), and the top of the upper cavity of the booster cylinder (10) is connected to the bottom of the large piston (11), and the diameter of the lower cavity is matched with the diameter of the small piston (12); An upper oil inlet (15) is provided at the top of the main cylinder (1); an oil outlet through hole (14) is provided between the bottom of the boosting cylinder (10) and the top of the main cylinder (1), and the oil outlet through hole (14) connects the lower cavity of the boosting cylinder (10) and the rodless cavity of the main cylinder (1); the bottom end of the plunger rod (9) of the main cylinder (1) is connected to the upper surface of a rectangular movable slider (5) through a flange, the movable slider (5) is located in a frame formed by four columns (4), the lower end working surface of the movable slider (5) is connected to the upper half of the mold (6), and the lower half of the mold (6) is fixed to the work table (7) by bolts; the two side walls of the upper crossbeam (2) are respectively connected to the cylinder body of the return cylinder (3) by bolts, and the piston end of the return cylinder (3) is connected to the side wall of the movable slider (5) by bolts; Fast-down stage: At the beginning of operation, the side oil inlet (13) starts to flow oil, and the hydraulic oil is injected into the rodless chamber of the main cylinder (1) and the lower chamber of the booster cylinder (10) through the oil outlet hole (14), and then the small piston (12) and the large piston (11) in the booster cylinder (10) and the plunger rod (9) of the main cylinder (1) are pushed to the upper and lower ends respectively. Under the action of the hydraulic oil, the plunger rod (9) of the main cylinder (1) drives the movable slider (5) and the upper part of the mold (6) to move downward. After the upper and lower parts of the mold (6) are buckled together, the hot crushed material placed in the mold (6) is pressed at normal pressure; during the downward movement of the movable slider (5), the piston rods of the return cylinders (3) on both sides extend simultaneously; Pressurized forming stage: when the plunger rod (9) is blocked and no longer moves, the upper oil inlet (15) at the top of the booster cylinder (10) starts to take in oil, and the hydraulic oil squeezes the large piston (11) and the small piston (12) downward at the same time. Since the diameters of the large piston (11) and the small piston (12) are different, the pressure on the top of the small piston (12) is much greater than the pressure on the bottom of the small piston (12). The small piston (12) transmits the pressure to the hydraulic oil below it, and the hydraulic oil in the lower chamber of the booster cylinder (10) and the rodless chamber of the main cylinder (1) is compressed. The pressure of the hydraulic oil instantly increases to the designed working pressure, pushing the plunger rod (9) to continue to move downward, and the movable slider (5) continues to pressurize the hot crushed material to form; Return stage: After the material is formed, the upper oil inlet (15) no longer supplies oil; the piston rod of the return cylinder (3) begins to retract, lifting the movable slider (5) and the plunger rod (9) of the main cylinder (1) upward to the initial position, and at the same time, the hydraulic oil in the rodless chamber of the main cylinder (1) and the upper chamber of the booster cylinder (10) flows back to the hydraulic station.

2. The direct-connected hydraulic press with a booster cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower part of the small piston (12) is clamped in the lower chamber of the booster cylinder (10), and a sealing strip is provided on the side wall of the bottom end of the small piston (12).

3. The direct-connected hydraulic press with a booster cylinder according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ratio of the diameter of the large piston (11) to the area of ​​the small piston (12) is 2-3:

1.

4. The direct-connected hydraulic press with a booster cylinder according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The bottom of the large piston (11) is threadedly connected to the upper part of the small piston (12).

5. The direct-connected hydraulic press with a booster cylinder according to claim 4, characterized in that: An exhaust hole (16) is provided on the side wall of the bottom of the upper chamber of the boosting cylinder (10).

6. The direct-connected hydraulic press with a booster cylinder according to claim 5, characterized in that: The four sides of the movable slider (5) are respectively adjacent to four upright posts (4), and the upright posts (4) serve as guide tracks for the movable slider (5).

7. The direct-connected hydraulic press with a booster cylinder according to claim 6, characterized in that: A plurality of T-shaped grooves (17) are provided on the lower working surface of the movable slide block (5), and a T-shaped pull rod matching the T-shaped grooves (17) is provided on the top of the upper half of the mold (6), and the upper half of the mold (6) is inserted into the T-shaped grooves (17) via the T-shaped pull rod.

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