A portable vertical stratified synchronous sampling device and method for shallow lake reservoir sediment

Abstract

The present invention provides a portable shallow lake reservoir sediment vertical layer synchronous sampling device and method, the sampling device comprises a sampling box, a circular screw hole, an inner slide rail, a push rod top seat, a push rod, a flexible shaft, and a circular sampling tube, the sampling box is a box structure with a hollow interior and a wedge-shaped bottom, the two opposite side walls of the sampling box are provided with a plurality of circular screw holes from top to bottom, the circular screw holes on the two side walls are cross-arranged, each circular screw hole is connected to an inner slide rail located in the sampling box, a flexible shaft is provided in the inner slide rail, the outer end surface opening of the inner slide rail is connected to the circular screw hole, a push rod top seat is provided on the top of the sampling box, one end of the flexible shaft is connected to the push rod top seat through the push rod, and the other end of the flexible shaft is connected to the circular sampling tube. The present invention has the advantages of high sampling efficiency, simple principle and mechanical structure, and convenient operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field related to the investigation of lake bed sediment, and in particular to a portable vertical stratified synchronous sampling device and method for shallow lake bed sediment. Background Art

[0002] my country has a large number of lakes and reservoirs, including more than 98,000 reservoirs, of which more than 96% are small and medium-sized reservoirs with a water surface area of ​​more than 1km 2 There are 2,685 lakes in China. As sediment continues to accumulate, the flood control and water supply functions of lakes and reservoirs have been severely damaged or even lost, greatly affecting local water safety and sustainable economic and social development.

[0003] The sedimentation of lakes and reservoirs is a long-term process, which is usually accompanied by the adsorption and release of various nutrients or pollutants, and has a significant impact on the water environment. Therefore, the first task in the management of lake and reservoir water environment is to investigate and find out the main components of sediment in lakes and reservoirs so as to take targeted management measures. In addition, due to the differences in the vertical composition of sediment deposition layers, it is particularly important to conduct stratified sampling of sediments at the same longitudinal section at the same time.

[0004] The first task of investigating the composition of lake sediment is sampling, and common tools include grab bucket (claw type), cylindrical piston type, etc. The grab bucket sampler consists of a sampling grab bucket and a pull rope. The principle is simple and the mechanical structure is stable, but it is difficult to ensure the accuracy of the sampling point during the grabbing process, and the disturbance to the bottom mud is large (poor fidelity) and the efficiency is low; the cylindrical piston type can sample with relatively small disturbance to the bottom mud and has high efficiency, but the mechanical structure is relatively complex and it is difficult to simultaneously obtain sediment samples at different vertical sedimentation heights. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a portable vertical stratified synchronous sampling device and method for shallow lake reservoir silt, which has the advantages of high sampling efficiency, simple principle and mechanical structure, and easy operation.

[0006] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A portable vertical stratified synchronous sampling device for silt in a shallow lake reservoir, comprising a sampling box, a circular screw hole, an inner slide rail, a push rod top seat, a push rod, a flexible shaft, and a circular sampling tube. The sampling box is a box structure with a hollow interior and a sharp wedge-shaped bottom. Two opposite side walls of the sampling box are provided with a plurality of circular screw holes spaced from top to bottom, and the circular screw holes on the two side walls are cross-arranged. Each circular screw hole is connected to an inner slide rail located in the sampling box, a flexible shaft is provided in the inner slide rail, and an outer end surface opening of the inner slide rail is connected to the circular screw hole. A push rod top seat is provided on the top of the sampling box, one end of the flexible shaft is connected to the push rod top seat through the push rod, and the other end of the flexible shaft is connected to the circular sampling tube.

[0008] Furthermore, the sampling box is a rectangular parallelepiped structure.

[0009] Furthermore, the vertical spacing between two adjacent circular screw holes is 5 cm.

[0010] Furthermore, the vertical spacing between two adjacent circular screw holes is 10 cm.

[0011] Furthermore, the flexible shaft is fixedly connected to the push rod and the circular sampling tube by welding.

[0012] Furthermore, a sampling port is provided at one end of the circular sampling tube close to the circular screw hole, and a one-way door that can seal the sampling port is provided on one side of the sampling port.

[0013] Furthermore, the one-way door is a circular iron sheet with an inner diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the circular sampling tube. The top of the one-way door is connected to the top of the inner wall of the circular sampling tube by a movable shaft, and the lower end is freely placed.

[0014] A portable method for vertical stratification synchronous sampling of sediment in shallow lakes and reservoirs, characterized in that the sampling device is used, and the sampling method comprises the following steps:

[0015] Step 1: Before sampling, the sampling box is inserted into the sediment layer through the sharp wedge-shaped bottom, and the circular sampling tubes are all located in the inner slide rails in the sampling box;

[0016] Step 2: When sampling, press the push rod top seat on the top of the equipment to push the round sampling tube out of the sampling box to sample the sediment:

[0017] Step 3: After collecting the sample, lift the push rod top seat, the push rod pulls the flexible shaft and drives the circular sampling tube to retract into the inner slide rail. After the equipment is folded up, each circular sampling tube is taken out to obtain the sediment at different heights of the sampling point.

[0018] Furthermore, the step two is specifically as follows: pressing the push rod top seat to make the push rod push the flexible shaft, and then the flexible shaft pushes the circular sampling tube in the inner slide rail to extend out of the circular screw hole to sample the silt. During the extension of the circular sampling tube, the one-way door opens and samples are taken under the push of the silt.

[0019] Furthermore, in step three, before lifting the push rod top seat, the sampling box is lightly pressed so that the circular sampling tube is upward at a small angle. During the process, the one-way door is closed by gravity to ensure the sampling volume of the circular sampling tube is recovered.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0021] (1) The stratified sampling equipment for lake sediment provided by the present invention has a simple mechanical structure, and its main components only include a push rod, a flexible shaft, an inner slide rail, a circular sampling tube and an inner tube. The sampling operation is convenient and the equipment is easy to maintain.

[0022] (2) The present invention integrates circular sampling tubes of different heights in a sampling box, so that sediment samples of different heights in the same longitudinal section can be obtained simultaneously in one operation, which has high sampling efficiency and saves time and effort. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a portable shallow lake reservoir sediment vertical layered synchronous sampling device of the present invention when it is working;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the sampling device of the present invention before sampling;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a front view of the sampling device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of the sampling device of the present invention when sampling;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of the inner slide rail, the inner flexible shaft and the circular sampling tube in the sampling device of the present invention before sampling;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional view of the inner slide rail, the inner flexible shaft and the circular sampling tube in the sampling device of the present invention during sampling;

[0029] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional view of the circular sampling tube and the one-way door at the mouth of the sampling device of the present invention during sampling;

[0030] Figure 8 It is a cross-sectional view of the circular sampling tube and the one-way door at the mouth of the sampling device of the present invention after the sampling is completed.

[0031] In the figure: 1 - sampling box, 2 - circular screw hole, 3 - inner slide rail, 4 - push rod top seat, 5 - push rod, 6 - flexible shaft, 7 - one-way door, 8 - circular sampling tube, 9 - protrusion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the present invention.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, the portable shallow lake reservoir silt vertical stratification synchronous sampling device provided by the present invention can be carried on a mobile ship or a special fixed platform can be built to carry out on-site sampling work by inserting the device into the silt layer.

[0034] like Figure 2-4 As shown, the present invention provides a portable shallow lake reservoir sediment vertical stratification synchronous sampling device, including a sampling box 1, a circular screw hole 2, an inner slide rail 3, a push rod top seat 4, a push rod 5, a flexible shaft 6, and a circular sampling tube 8.

[0035] The sampling box 1 is a box structure (e.g., a cuboid) with a hollow interior and a sharp wedge-shaped bottom. The sharp wedge-shaped bottom can be easily inserted into lake sediment for sampling. The two opposite side walls of the sampling box 1 are provided with a plurality of circular screw holes 2 from top to bottom. The circular screw holes 2 on the two side walls are cross-arranged. The vertical spacing between the circular screw holes 2 can be designed to be equal, for example, 5 cm or 10 cm, and can also be re-customized according to specific requirements. The length of the sampling box 1 can be specially customized according to the water depth conditions of the actual sampling site.

[0036] Each circular screw hole 2 is connected to an inner slide rail 3 located in the sampling box 1. Figure 5 and Figure 6 The inner slide rail 3 is an L-shaped tubular structure, and the inner slide rails 3 on both sides are also arranged crosswise. A flexible shaft 6 is arranged in the inner slide rail 3, and the outer end opening of the inner slide rail 3 is connected to the circular screw hole 2, which is the outlet of the inner slide rail 3.

[0037] A push rod top seat 4 is provided on the top of the sampling box 1, one end of the flexible shaft 6 is connected to the push rod top seat 4 through the push rod 5, and the other end of the flexible shaft 6 is connected to the circular sampling tube 8, and the flexible shaft 6, the push rod 5 and the circular sampling tube 8 can be fixedly connected by welding. A sampling port is provided at one end of the circular sampling tube 8 close to the circular screw hole 2, and a one-way door 7 is provided on one side of the sampling port to seal the sampling port.

[0038] The one-way door 7 is a circular iron sheet with an inner diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the circular sampling tube 8. The top of the one-way door 7 is connected to the top of the inner wall of the circular sampling tube 8 by a movable shaft, and the lower end is freely placed. A protrusion 9 is provided at the bottom of the inner wall of the circular sampling tube 8 to ensure that the one-way door 7 can only open and close in the circular sampling tube 8.

[0039] The flexible shaft 6 can move in the inner slide rail 3, and its function is to convert the vertical force of the push rod 5 into the horizontal force to push the circular sampling tube 8 for sampling. The flexible shaft 6 is used in conjunction with the inner slide rail 3, the mechanical principle is simple and stable, the sampling operation is convenient, and the equipment is easy to maintain.

[0040] The end of the push rod 5 is connected to the circular sampling tube 8 through the flexible shaft 6, and all the push rods 5 are connected to the push rod top seat 4. When the push rod top seat 4 is pressed, the push rod 5 pushes the flexible shaft 6 and then pushes the circular sampling tube 8 out of the circular screw hole 2 to collect silt, and the push rod top seat 4 is lifted to reversely retract the circular sampling tube 8. Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, preferably, the sampling box 1 is slightly pressed before the circular sampling tube 8 is retracted, so that the circular sampling tube 8 is tilted upward at a small angle, thereby causing the one-way door 7 to close under the action of gravity. At this time, retracting the circular sampling tube 8 can ensure the sampling volume.

[0041] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a portable method for vertical stratification synchronous sampling of shallow lake reservoir sediment, which is performed using the above sampling device. The sampling method comprises the following steps:

[0042] Step 1: Before sampling, the sampling box 1 is inserted into the sedimentation layer through the sharp wedge-shaped bottom, and the circular sampling tubes 8 are all located in the inner slide rails 3 in the sampling box 1;

[0043] Step 2: When sampling, press the push rod top seat 4 on the top of the equipment to push the circular sampling tube 8 out of the sampling box 1 to sample the sediment: Specifically, press the push rod top seat 4 to make the push rod 5 push the flexible shaft 6, and then the flexible shaft 6 pushes the circular sampling tube 8 out of the circular screw hole 2 in the inner slide rail 3 to sample the sediment. During the extension of the circular sampling tube 8, the one-way door 7 is opened under the push of the sediment to sample;

[0044] Step 3: After collecting the sample, lift the push rod top seat 4, the push rod 5 pulls the flexible shaft 6 and drives the circular sampling tube 8 to retract into the inner slide rail 3. After the equipment is folded up, each circular sampling tube 8 is taken out to obtain the sediment at different heights of the sampling point.

[0045] Preferably, in step three, before lifting the push rod top seat 4, the sampling box 1 is lightly pressed to make the circular sampling tube 8 point upward at a small angle. During the process, the one-way door 7 is closed by gravity, so that the circular sampling tube 8 can be retracted to ensure the sampling volume.

[0046] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A portable vertical stratified synchronous sampling device for shallow lake sediment, characterized by: The invention comprises a sampling box (1), a circular screw hole (2), an inner slide rail (3), a push rod top seat (4), a push rod (5), a flexible shaft (6), and a circular sampling tube (8). The sampling box (1) is a box structure with a hollow interior and a wedge-shaped bottom. Two opposite side walls of the sampling box (1) are provided with a plurality of circular screw holes (2) from top to bottom. The circular screw holes (2) on the two side walls are arranged crosswise. Each circular screw hole (2) is connected to an inner slide rail (3) located in the sampling box (1). The inner slide rail (3 ) is provided with a flexible shaft (6), the outer end opening of the inner slide rail (3) is connected to the circular screw hole (2), a push rod top seat (4) is provided on the top of the sampling box (1), one end of the flexible shaft (6) is connected to the push rod top seat (4) through the push rod (5), and the other end of the flexible shaft (6) is connected to the circular sampling tube (8); a sampling port is provided at one end of the circular sampling tube (8) close to the circular screw hole (2), and a one-way door (7) is provided on one side of the sampling port for sealing the sampling port, and the inner slide rail (3) is an L-shaped tubular structure.

2. The portable shallow lake reservoir sediment vertical stratification synchronous sampling device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized by: The sampling box (1) is a rectangular parallelepiped structure.

3. The portable shallow lake reservoir sediment vertical stratification synchronous sampling device according to claim 1 is characterized by: The vertical distance between two adjacent circular screw holes (2) is 5 cm.

4. The portable shallow lake reservoir sediment vertical layer synchronous sampling device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical distance between two adjacent circular screw holes (2) is 10 cm.

5. The portable shallow lake reservoir sediment vertical layer synchronous sampling device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible shaft (6) is fixedly connected to the push rod (5) and the circular sampling tube (8) by welding.

6. The portable shallow lake reservoir sediment vertical layer synchronous sampling device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The one-way door (7) is a circular iron sheet with an inner diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the circular sampling tube (8). The top of the one-way door (7) is connected to the top of the inner wall of the circular sampling tube (8) by a movable shaft, and the lower end is freely placed.

7. A portable method for vertical stratification synchronous sampling of sediment in shallow lakes and reservoirs, characterized in that: The sampling method is carried out using the sampling device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and the sampling method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Before sampling, the sampling box (1) is inserted into the sedimentation layer through the sharp wedge-shaped bottom, and the circular sampling tubes (8) are all located in the inner slide rail (3) in the sampling box (1); Step 2: When sampling, press the push rod top seat (4) on the top of the device to push the circular sampling tube (8) out of the sampling box (1) to sample the sediment: Step 3: After the sample is collected, the push rod top seat (4) is lifted, and the push rod (5) pulls the flexible shaft (6) to drive the circular sampling tube (8) to retract into the inner slide rail (3). After the equipment is folded up, each circular sampling tube (8) is taken out to obtain sediment at different heights of the sampling point.

8. The portable method for vertical stratification synchronous sampling of shallow lake sediments as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The second step specifically comprises: pressing the push rod top seat (4) to make the push rod (5) push the flexible shaft (6), and then the flexible shaft (6) pushes the circular sampling tube (8) in the inner slide rail (3) to extend out of the circular screw hole (2) to sample the sediment, and during the extension of the circular sampling tube (8), the one-way door (7) is opened under the push of the sediment to sample.

9. The portable method for vertical stratification synchronous sampling of shallow lake sediments as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: In step three, before lifting the push rod top seat (4), the sampling box (1) is first lightly pressed so that the circular sampling tube (8) is tilted upward at a small angle. During this process, the one-way door (7) is closed by gravity to ensure that the sampling volume of the circular sampling tube (8) is recovered.

Images