A hybrid dam structure

Abstract

The present invention provides a hybrid dam type structure. The hybrid dam type structure includes bedrock and a toe plate located on the bedrock, the side of the toe plate facing downstream is a construction surface, and an anti-seepage layer, a rockfill material, a transition layer, a cushion material and a panel are sequentially arranged from bottom to top from the construction surface. Compared with the related art, the hybrid dam type structure provided by the present invention combines the advantages of a concrete panel rockfill dam and a geomembrane panel rockfill dam, and directly lays a geomembrane on the panel, which greatly improves the anti-seepage effect and stress performance of the panel rockfill dam, and improves the safety of the dam.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering, and in particular to a mixed dam type structure. Background Art

[0002] The anti-seepage structure of the existing panel rockfill dam generally includes a toe plate, an anti-seepage layer located on the downstream side of the toe plate, rockfill materials, and a panel from upstream to downstream. In recent years, due to its good anti-seepage performance and strong adaptability to deformation, geomembrane has gradually been widely used to form geomembrane panel rockfill dams. That is, it uses a flexible geomembrane instead of a panel as an anti-seepage layer, which has achieved certain results. The anti-seepage structure of the geomembrane instead of the panel usually includes an upper protective layer, a geomembrane, a lower support layer (usually an extruded side wall is used as the support layer), and rockfill materials.

[0003] Whether it is a concrete face rockfill dam (such as a face rockfill dam anti-seepage structure disclosed in patent CN105672205B) or a geomembrane face rockfill dam (such as a mixed dam structure of a homogeneous earth-rock dam and a face rockfill dam disclosed in patent CN206529745U; a concrete face rockfill dam anti-seepage structure disclosed in CN110042800A), both have certain defects, as follows:

[0004] 1) For concrete face rockfill dams, due to the discontinuous deformation between the cushion material and the face plate, it is easy for the face plate and the cushion material to form contact and separation, which is commonly known as the debonding phenomenon. Under the action of upstream water load, the face plate deforms and forms a pot-bottom shape toward the downstream in space. The face plate loses the supporting layer at the debonding part, which is easy to cause local damage or even face plate fracture. Once the face plate is damaged, it will have a serious impact on anti-seepage and even endanger the safety of the dam. Face plate damage in concrete rockfill dams at home and abroad occasionally occurs.

[0005] 2) For concrete face rockfill dams, under the action of deadweight, the dam body (cushion material, transition material, rockfill material) deforms from both banks to the river valley, and at the same time drives the panels on both banks to deform toward the middle of the river valley, causing greater compressive stress on the panels in the middle of the river valley, which is prone to local compressive damage at the seams between the panels, thus affecting the anti-seepage function of the panels. This phenomenon often occurs in face-panel dams.

[0006] 3) For geomembrane panel rockfill dams, geomembrane is used directly to replace the panel as the dam's anti-seepage layer. Since the strength and modulus of the lower supporting layer (usually an extrusion side wall is used as the supporting layer) are relatively low, and there are no structural joints in the cross-river direction, it is easy to produce extrusion damage and structural cracks under the action of the dam's own weight and water load, causing the geomembrane anti-seepage layer to be punctured or torn, resulting in leakage; since there are no structural joints in the lower supporting layer and the geomembrane has no partitions, it will cause leakage on the entire dam surface if there is only one leakage, and the development speed is relatively fast.

[0007] 4) For geomembrane panel rockfill dams, when the water level drops suddenly, the water in the reservoir drops rapidly, while the water in the rockfill drops slowly. This will cause the water level inside the dam to be high and the reservoir to be low. Under the influence of the water level difference, the geomembrane is easily separated from the downstream cushion area, resulting in jacking.

[0008] 5) For geomembrane panel rockfill dams, the geomembrane is directly placed on the surface. Under the influence of wind, sun, rain and water, it is easy to age, be punctured by floating objects, and freeze and crack in cold areas.

[0009] 6) Whether it is a panel rockfill dam or a geomembrane panel rockfill dam, once leakage occurs, operation and maintenance will be inconvenient, and in serious cases it will endanger the safety of the dam and increase the operating costs. Summary of the invention

[0010] The object of the present invention is to provide a hybrid dam type structure with good stress bearing performance, good water stopping effect and high safety performance.

[0011] The technical solution of the present invention is: a hybrid dam structure includes bedrock and a toe plate located on the bedrock, the side of the toe plate facing downstream is a construction surface, and an anti-seepage layer, a rockfill material, a transition layer, a cushion material and a face plate are arranged in sequence from bottom to top on the construction surface;

[0012] The hybrid dam structure further comprises a geomembrane, which is laid on the surface of the toe plate and the panel.

[0013] The above scheme combines the advantages of concrete panel rockfill dam and geomembrane panel rockfill dam. The geomembrane is directly laid on the panel, which greatly improves the anti-seepage effect and stress performance of the panel rockfill dam and improves the safety of the dam.

[0014] Preferably, a water-stop copper sheet is provided at the contact portion between the panel and the construction surface.

[0015] Preferably, a water-stop copper sheet is provided at the contact portion between the anti-seepage layer and the construction surface.

[0016] Preferably, the geomembrane and the toe plate are detachably connected via fasteners.

[0017] Preferably, it further comprises an anti-seepage curtain, wherein the anti-seepage curtain is arranged in the bedrock and adjacent to the toe plate.

[0018] Compared with the related art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. The geomembrane, face plate, waterproof copper sheet, toe plate, anti-seepage layer, anti-seepage curtain and bedrock form an integrated anti-seepage system to ensure the water-stopping effect of the dam;

[0020] Second, laying geomembrane directly on the panel greatly improves the anti-seepage effect of the panel rockfill dam. At the same time, it greatly improves the mechanical performance and anti-seepage effect of the geomembrane panel rockfill dam structure, and improves the safety of the dam;

[0021] 3. The construction of geomembrane and panel will not interfere with each other. The geomembrane is designed in a zone combined with the layout of the panel. Each panel is used as an independent anti-seepage zone to avoid leakage of the entire dam surface if one part of the geomembrane is damaged.

[0022] 4. The construction is convenient, which improves the anti-seepage effect and safety, reduces the project operation and maintenance costs, and has good engineering benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the hybrid dam type structure provided by the present invention.

[0024] In the attached drawings, 1-geomembrane, 2-panel, 3-cushion material, 4-transition material, 5-rockfill material, 6-waterstop copper sheet, 7-toe board, 71-construction surface, 8-anti-seepage layer, 9-anti-seepage curtain, 10-bedrock, 11-fasteners. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict. For the convenience of description, if the words "upper", "lower", "left" and "right" appear in the following, they only indicate that the upper, lower, left and right directions are consistent with the drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, a hybrid dam structure provided in this embodiment includes a bedrock 10 and a toe plate 7 located on the bedrock 10, an anti-seepage layer 8 flush with the toe plate 7 is provided on the downstream side of the toe plate 7, and rockfill materials 5, a transition layer 4, a cushion material 3 and a face plate 2 are sequentially arranged upward from the anti-seepage layer 8, and one side of the toe plate 7 is a construction surface 71.

[0027] The panel 2, cushion material 3, transition material 4, rockfill material 5 and anti-seepage layer 8 are all in contact with the construction surface 71. The surface layer 2 is a concrete layer, and the upper surface of the surface layer 2 is flush with the upper surface of the toe plate 7.

[0028] The contact part between the panel 2 and the construction surface 71 and the contact part between the anti-seepage layer 8 and the construction surface 71 are both provided with a water-stop copper sheet 6. The water-stop copper sheet 6 is a copper alloy made of red copper with a copper content of more than 99.9% and used for water discharge in water conservancy projects. It has good corrosion resistance and tensile strength, and has good water discharge and leakage prevention performance, which protects water conservancy projects and achieves an anti-seepage water-stopping effect.

[0029] The hybrid dam structure further includes a geomembrane 1, which is laid on the surface of the toe plate 7 and the panel 2. The geomembrane 1 covering the surface covers the contact surface (construction surface 71 and water-stop copper sheet 6) of the toe plate 7 and the panel 2, and is fixed to the toe plate 7 by fasteners 11. In this embodiment, the fasteners 11 are bolts.

[0030] According to the depth of the relatively impermeable layer, an anti-seepage curtain 9 is provided in the bedrock 10 , and the anti-seepage curtain 9 is arranged adjacent to the toe board 7 .

[0031] An integral anti-seepage system is formed by the geomembrane 1, the panel 2, the water-stopping copper sheet 6, the toe plate 7, the anti-seepage layer 8, the anti-seepage curtain 9 and the bedrock 10 to ensure the water-stopping effect of the dam.

[0032] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hybrid dam structure, comprising a bedrock (10) and a toe plate (7) located on the bedrock (10), characterized in that: The side of the toe plate (7) facing downstream is a construction surface (71), and an anti-seepage layer (8), rockfill material (5), a transition layer (4), a cushion material (3) and a panel (2) are arranged in order from bottom to top on the construction surface (71); The hybrid dam structure further comprises a geomembrane (1), wherein the geomembrane (1) is laid on the surface of the toe plate (7) and the panel (2); the geomembrane (1) is designed to be partitioned in combination with the arrangement of the panel (2), and each panel (2) forms an independent anti-seepage partition.

2. The hybrid dam structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water-stop copper sheet (6) is provided at the contact portion between the panel (2) and the construction surface (71).

3. The hybrid dam structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water-stop copper sheet (6) is provided at the contact portion between the anti-seepage layer (8) and the construction surface (71).

4. The hybrid dam structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The geomembrane (1) and the toe plate (7) are detachably connected via a fastener (11).

5. The hybrid dam structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an anti-seepage curtain (9), which is arranged in the bedrock (10) and adjacent to the toe plate (7).

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