A self-regulating photovoltaic heat collection and storage wall system with dehumidification and purification functions

Abstract

The present invention relates to a self-adjusting photovoltaic heat collection and storage wall system with dehumidification and purification functions, and belongs to the field of energy utilization technology. It includes a heat collection and storage wall with an upper air duct, an intermediate air duct and a lower air duct, a glass wall is arranged outside the heat collection and storage wall, an adsorption material is filled between the glass wall between the upper air duct and the intermediate air duct and the heat collection and storage wall, and an air layer is formed between the glass wall below the intermediate air duct and the heat collection and storage wall; a ventilation baffle is arranged in the middle of the intermediate air duct, so that the intermediate air duct can be effectively divided into an upper flow duct and a lower flow duct; baffles are arranged at both ends of the upper air duct, the intermediate air duct and the lower air duct that pass through the glass wall. A PV layer composed of a plurality of solar cells laid in series is arranged on the inner surface of the glass wall. The present invention has three working modes: summer adsorption, winter adsorption and desorption. Through the combination of different ventilation baffles, it can be applied to a variety of different working conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of energy utilization technology, and specifically relates to the application of solar energy heat collection and power generation as well as indoor dehumidification and purification. Background Art

[0002] Solar energy is a rich and clean renewable energy source, which is used in buildings in various forms. Solar photovoltaic technology is mainly used for electricity generation, lighting, electrical appliance use, etc.; photothermal technology is mainly used for hot water production, heating, cooling, and ventilation. The solar wall structure - Trombe wall has significant green energy-saving advantages, which can reduce the heating energy consumption of buildings in the heating season by about 20%. The working principle of the traditional Trombe wall is that the indoor cold air enters the air interlayer through the lower vent under the action of thermal siphon and is heated and then returns to the room for indoor winter heating. The heat at night in winter is mainly used to heat the room through the heat collection and storage wall. Although many improvements and expansions have been made to the functions of traditional Trombe walls after decades of research by domestic and foreign scholars, there are still some shortcomings. First, the indoor air treatment function of Trombe walls is still very simple, and can only be used for indoor heating and ventilation, but it does not achieve the improvement of indoor air humidity and cleanliness; second, in summer, the air flow layer of Trombe walls seriously increases the indoor cooling load. For example, application number 201821263560.6 discloses a new type of high-efficiency photovoltaic thermal collector wall, which has vents on the upper and lower inner and outer walls, integrates photovoltaic cells on the outer side of the inner wall, and uses the air flow channel in the middle to cool the cells. It has the advantage of a simple structure, but its function is single, and it can only be used for heat collection and power generation. It only focuses on improving power generation efficiency and is difficult to meet people's needs for the building environment. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to meet the requirements of indoor heating and ventilation and improve the indoor air humidity and cleanliness, the present invention provides a self-regulating photovoltaic heat collection and storage wall system with dehumidification and purification functions.

[0004] A self-adjusting photovoltaic heat collection and storage wall system with dehumidification and purification function comprises a heat collection and storage wall 5, wherein the top of the heat collection and storage wall 5 is provided with an upper air duct connected to the room, the middle of the heat collection and storage wall 5 is provided with an intermediate air duct connected to the room, and the bottom of the heat collection and storage wall 5 is provided with a lower air duct connected to the room; the inner port of the upper air duct is provided with an upper indoor baffle 8, the inner port of the intermediate air duct is provided with a middle indoor baffle 12, and the inner port of the lower air duct is provided with a lower indoor baffle 9, and the improvement is that:

[0005] The heat collecting and storing wall 5 is provided with a glass wall 1 on the outside, and the upper air duct, the middle air duct and the lower air duct respectively pass through the glass wall 1;

[0006] An adsorption material 3 is filled between the glass wall 1 and the heat collecting and heat storage wall 5 between the upper airway and the middle airway. The adsorption and regeneration temperature of the adsorption material 3 is 50°C - 60°C;

[0007] An air layer 4 is formed between the glass wall 1 and the heat collecting and heat storage wall 5 below the middle airway. The cross-section of the air layer 4 is not less than the cross-section of the wall of the heat collecting and heat storage wall 5; A ventilation baffle 13 is provided in the middle of the middle airway so that the middle airway can be effectively divided into an upper flow channel and a lower flow channel;

[0008] A PV layer 2 is provided on the inner surface of the glass wall 1. The PV layer 2 is composed of a plurality of solar cells tiled and connected in series;

[0009] An upper outdoor baffle 6 is provided at the outer port of the upper airway passing through the glass wall 1, a lower outdoor baffle 7 is provided at the outer port of the lower airway passing through the glass wall 1, and a pair of split baffles that open and close up and down are provided at the outer port of the middle airway passing through the glass wall 1;

[0010] Let T1 be the air layer temperature, T2 be the adsorption material temperature, T3 be the indoor temperature, T4 be the outdoor temperature, and Tcr be the adsorption and regeneration temperature of the adsorption material;

[0011] When T4 > T3 and T1 < Tcr, it enters the summer adsorption working mode. The middle airway is divided into an upper flow channel and a lower flow channel by the pair of split baffles and the ventilation baffle 13. In the upper flow channel, indoor air flows through the adsorption material 3 for purification and dehumidification of indoor air. In the lower flow channel, the circulating flow of outdoor air can play a cooling effect on the PV layer 2 and the heat collecting and heat storage wall 5, effectively improving the power generation efficiency and reducing the indoor cooling load;

[0012] When T4 < T3 and T1 < Tcr, it enters the winter adsorption working mode. All the baffles on the glass wall 1 are in the closed state, the upper indoor baffle 8 and the lower indoor baffle 9 are in the open state. The cold indoor air is heated from the lower part of the air layer 4, then flows through the adsorption material 3 for dehumidification and purification of indoor air, and then re-enters the room to form a cycle. During this process, the PV layer 2 can effectively use solar energy for power generation;

[0013] When T1 > Tcr, the system enters the desorption working mode. The upper indoor baffle 8, the middle indoor baffle 12 and the lower indoor baffle 9 in the room are closed, the upper airway, the middle airway and the lower airway are in the closed state, the upper outdoor baffle 6 and the lower outdoor baffle 7 are in the open state. Outdoor air enters from the lower part of the air layer 4, and the heated outdoor air flows through the adsorption material 3, taking away the water vapor and gaseous pollutants in the adsorption material 3, realizing the regeneration of the adsorption material 3. During this process, the PV layer 2 can effectively use solar energy for power generation.

[0014] The further limited technical solutions are as follows:

[0015] The glass of glass wall 1 is full-band high-transmittance borosilicate glass, with a transmittance of 83% in the ultraviolet light band of 100 nm - 400 nm and a transmittance of >90% in other bands.

[0016] The adsorption material 3 is silica gel or activated carbon fiber, which can effectively adsorb water vapor and formaldehyde contained in the indoor air.

[0017] The thickness of the air layer 4 is 0.1-0.2 m; the thickness of the heat collecting and storing wall 5 is 0.24-0.36 m.

[0018] The split baffles are composed of a split upper baffle 10 and a split lower baffle 11 .

[0019] The upper air duct, the middle air duct, and the lower air duct on the heat collecting and storing wall 5 are at the same position and have the same size as the upper air duct, the middle air duct, and the lower air duct that penetrate the glass wall 1 .

[0020] Corresponding temperature sensors are arranged in the air layer 4, in the adsorption material 3, indoors and outdoors.

[0021] The beneficial technical effects of the present invention are embodied in the following aspects:

[0022] 1. An adsorption module is added to the traditional heat collection and storage wall (Trombe wall). The indoor air flows through the adsorption module through the thermal siphon effect generated by the sun heating the air in the aisle. Since the adsorption module is made of silica gel or activated carbon fiber, it can effectively remove water vapor and organic indoor pollutants such as formaldehyde in the indoor air; the different working modes are controlled by the closing state of the baffle switch. When the adsorption module reaches adsorption saturation or the adsorption amount reaches a certain proportion, the mode is switched to desorption mode. When the adsorption module can be heated to the regeneration temperature by solar energy, the adsorption module can be effectively regenerated, avoiding the inconvenience caused by the need to regularly replace traditional adsorption materials.

[0023] 2. Through the redesign of the air flow channel and different combinations of vent baffles, different functions can be achieved. The upper air flow channel can be used for dehumidification and purification of indoor air, and the lower flow channel has the function of cooling the PV cell layer to improve the power generation efficiency. Through the combination of different functions, it can be applied to a variety of different working conditions.

[0024] 3. Temperature sensors are set in four places, namely the air layer, adsorption module, indoors and outdoors. Different working modes are selected through the feedback data of the additional temperature sensors. When the temperature reaches the regeneration temperature of the adsorbent, the baffle switch can be automatically controlled by the information fed back by the temperature sensor, thereby effectively realizing the automatic switching of different modes, realizing intelligent control of the system and reducing the inconvenience caused by manual operation.

[0025] 4. Dividing the air layer into two in the middle can achieve the adsorption and purification function while retaining the traditional heat collection function of the Trombe wall. At the same time, it can use air flow to cool the PV layer and improve the power generation efficiency of the PV layer.

[0026] In summary, the self-regulating photovoltaic thermal storage wall (photovoltaic Trombe wall) system with dehumidification and purification functions described in the present invention broadens the functions and application scope of traditional Trombe walls and has great market economic value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 This is the summer adsorption working mode of the system of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 This is the winter adsorption working mode of the system of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 This is the desorption working mode of the system described in the present invention.

[0031] The serial numbers in the above figure are: glass wall 1, PV layer 2, adsorption material 3, air layer 4, heat collection and storage wall 5, upper outdoor baffle 6, lower outdoor baffle 7, upper indoor baffle 8, lower indoor baffle 9, split upper baffle 10, split lower baffle 11, middle indoor baffle 12, ventilation baffle 13. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present invention will be further described below by way of embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Example

[0033] See also Figure 1 A self-adjusting photovoltaic heat collection and storage wall system with dehumidification and purification function includes a heat collection and storage wall 5, the top of which is provided with an upper air duct connected to the room, the middle of which is provided with an intermediate air duct connected to the room, and the bottom of which is provided with a lower air duct connected to the room. An upper indoor baffle 8 is installed at the inner port of the upper air duct, a middle indoor baffle 12 is installed at the inner port of the intermediate air duct, and a lower indoor baffle 9 is installed at the inner port of the lower air duct.

[0034] A glass wall 1 is installed outside the heat collection and thermal storage wall 5, and the upper air duct, the middle air duct and the lower air duct respectively penetrate the glass wall 1. The upper air duct, the middle air duct and the lower air duct on the heat collection and thermal storage wall 5 are at the same position and the same size as the upper air duct, the middle air duct and the lower air duct penetrating the glass wall 1.

[0035] The glass of glass wall 1 is full-band high-transmittance borosilicate glass, with a transmittance of 83% in the ultraviolet light band of 100 nm - 400 nm and a transmittance of >90% in other bands.

[0036] The glass wall 1 between the upper airway and the middle airway and the heat collecting and storing wall 5 are filled with adsorption material 3, and the adsorption regeneration temperature of the adsorption material 3 is 50° C.-60° C. The adsorption material 3 is activated carbon fiber, which can effectively adsorb water vapor and organic pollutants such as formaldehyde contained in indoor air.

[0037] An air layer 4 is formed between the glass wall 1 and the heat collecting and storing wall 5 below the intermediate air duct, and the cross section of the air layer 4 is not less than the cross section of the heat collecting and storing wall 5; the thickness of the air layer 4 is 0.18m; the thickness of the heat collecting and storing wall 5 is 0.30m. A ventilation baffle 13 is installed in the middle of the intermediate air duct, so that the intermediate air duct can be effectively divided into an upper flow duct and a lower flow duct.

[0038] A PV layer 2 is installed on the inner surface of the glass wall 1. The PV layer 2 is composed of a number of solar cells laid flat and connected in series.

[0039] An upper outdoor baffle 6 is installed on the outer port of the upper air duct passing through the glass wall 1, a lower outdoor baffle 7 is installed on the outer port of the lower air duct passing through the glass wall 1, and an upper and lower split baffle is installed on the outer port of the middle air duct passing through the glass wall 1; the split baffle consists of an upper split baffle 10 and a lower split baffle 11.

[0040] Corresponding temperature sensors are installed in the air layer 4, in the adsorption material 3, indoors and outdoors.

[0041] The working principle of the present invention is described in detail as follows:

[0042] Assume that T1 is the air layer temperature, T2 is the adsorption material temperature, T3 is the indoor temperature, T4 is the outdoor temperature, and Tcr is the adsorption regeneration temperature of the adsorption material.

[0043] See also Figure 2, when T4 > T3 and T1 < Tcr, it enters the summer adsorption mode. At this time, the upper indoor baffle 8, the lower outdoor baffle 7, and the split lower baffle 11 are opened, the lower indoor baffle 9, the upper outdoor baffle 6, and the split upper baffle 10 are closed, the middle indoor baffle 12 is in the open state, and the ventilation baffle 13 divides the upper end of the air layer 4 to form an upper flow channel and a lower flow channel. Indoor air enters the adsorption material 3 through the indoor middle air duct, and the water vapor and gaseous organic pollutants (such as formaldehyde, benzene, etc.) in the indoor air are adsorbed by the adsorption material 3. The purified dry air returns to the room through the indoor upper ventilation opening; at the same time, outdoor air enters the air layer 4 through the outdoor lower air duct, cooling the wall and PV layer 2 of the glass wall 1, effectively increasing the power generation of the PV layer 2 and reducing the indoor cooling load. The heated air returns to the outdoors through the outdoor middle air duct later, which can effectively prevent increasing the indoor cooling load; in addition, during the whole process, the PV layer 2 in the system can effectively utilize solar energy for power generation.

[0044] See Figure 3 , when T4 < T3 and T1 < Tcr, it enters the winter adsorption mode. At this time, the upper indoor baffle 8 and the lower indoor baffle 9 in the room are opened, and all other baffles on the glass wall 1 are in the closed state, while the ventilation baffle 13 and the middle indoor baffle 12 are both in the position perpendicular to the ground, and the middle air duct on the heat collection and heat storage wall 5 is closed. Indoor air passes through the lower air duct in the room and passes through the air layer 4 and the adsorption material 3 in turn. The indoor cold air is heated in the air layer 4, and then the water vapor and gaseous organic pollutants (such as formaldehyde, benzene, etc.) in the indoor air are adsorbed on the adsorption material 3. The heated clean air returns to the room through the upper air duct in the room; in addition, during the whole process, the PV layer 2 in the system can effectively utilize solar energy for power generation.

[0045] See Figure 4 , when T1 > Tcr, the system enters the desorption mode. At this time, the upper outdoor baffle 6 and the lower outdoor baffle 7 outdoors are opened, the upper indoor baffle 8, the lower indoor baffle 9 indoors, and the split upper baffle 10 and split lower baffle 11 outdoors are closed, while the ventilation baffle 13 and the middle indoor baffle 12 are both in the position perpendicular to the ground, and the middle air duct on the heat collection and heat storage wall 5 is closed. Outdoor air passes through the lower air duct and enters the air layer 4 and the adsorption material 3 in turn. When the hot air heated by the air layer 4 enters the adsorption material 3 again, it can effectively take away the water vapor and gaseous organic pollutants (such as formaldehyde, benzene, etc.) adsorbed in the adsorption material 3, realizing the regeneration of the adsorption material, and finally discharging outdoors through the upper air duct. In addition, during the whole process, the PV layer 2 in the system can effectively utilize solar energy for power generation.

Claims

1. A self-regulating photovoltaic heat-collecting and heat-storing wall system with dehumidification and purification functions, comprising a heat-collecting and heat-storing wall (5). An upper air duct communicating with the interior is provided at the top of the heat-collecting and heat-storing wall (5), a middle air duct communicating with the interior is provided in the middle of the heat-collecting and heat-storing wall (5), and a lower air duct communicating with the interior is provided at the bottom of the heat-collecting and heat-storing wall (5); an upper indoor baffle (8) is provided at the inner port of the upper air duct, a middle indoor baffle (12) is provided at the inner port of the middle air duct, and a lower indoor baffle (9) is provided at the inner port of the lower air duct. It is characterized in that: A glass wall (1) is provided outside the heat-collecting and heat-storing wall (5), and the upper air duct, the middle air duct and the lower air duct penetrate through the glass wall (1) respectively; An adsorption material (3) is filled between the glass wall (1) and the heat-collecting and heat-storing wall (5) between the upper air duct and the middle air duct, and the adsorption and regeneration temperature of the adsorption material (3) is 50°C - 60°C; An air layer (4) is formed between the glass wall (1) and the heat-collecting and heat-storing wall (5) below the middle air duct, and the cross-section of the air layer (4) is not less than the cross-section of the wall of the heat-collecting and heat-storing wall (5); a ventilation baffle (13) is provided in the middle of the middle air duct, so that the middle air duct can be effectively divided into an upper flow channel and a lower flow channel; The thickness of the air layer (4) is 0.1 - 0.2 m; the thickness of the heat-collecting and heat-storing wall (5) is 0.24 - 0.36 m; The positions and sizes of the upper air duct, the middle air duct, the lower air duct on the heat-collecting and heat-storing wall (5) and the upper air duct, the middle air duct, the lower air duct penetrating through the glass wall (1) are the same; Corresponding temperature sensors are provided in the air layer (4), in the adsorption material (3), in the interior and outdoors; A PV layer (2) is provided on the inner surface of the glass wall (1), and the PV layer (2) is composed of a plurality of solar cells tiled and connected in series; An upper outdoor baffle (6) is provided at the outer port of the upper air duct penetrating through the glass wall (1), a lower outdoor baffle (7) is provided at the outer port of the lower air duct penetrating through the glass wall (1), and a pair of split baffles that open up and down is provided at the outer port of the middle air duct penetrating through the glass wall (1); the pair of split baffles is composed of a split upper baffle (10) and a split lower baffle (11); let T1 be the air layer temperature, T2 be the adsorption material temperature, T3 be the indoor temperature, T4 be the outdoor temperature, and Tcr be the adsorption and regeneration temperature of the adsorption material; When T4 > T3 and T1 < Tcr, it enters the summer adsorption working mode. The middle air duct is separated into an upper flow channel and a lower flow channel by the pair of split baffles and the ventilation baffle (13). In the upper flow channel, indoor air flows through the adsorption material (3) for purifying and dehumidifying the indoor air. In the lower flow channel, the circulating flow of outdoor air plays a cooling effect on the PV layer (2) and the heat-collecting and heat-storing wall (5); When T4 < T3 and T1 < Tcr, it enters the winter adsorption working mode. All the baffles on the glass wall (1) are in the closed state, and the upper indoor baffle (8) and the lower indoor baffle (9) are in the open state. The cold indoor air is heated from the lower part of the air layer (4), then flows through the adsorption material (3) for dehumidification and purification, and re-enters the interior to form a cycle. During this process, the PV layer (2) can effectively utilize solar energy for power generation; When T1>Tcr, the system enters a desorption working mode, the baffles located indoors on the air duct are all closed, the upper air duct, the middle air duct and the lower air duct are in a closed state, the upper outdoor baffle (6) and the lower outdoor baffle (7) are in an open state, and outdoor air enters from the lower part of the air layer (4), is heated and flows through the adsorption material (3), and takes away water vapor and gaseous pollutants in the adsorption material (3), thereby achieving regeneration of the adsorption material (3). During the process, the PV layer (2) can effectively use solar energy to generate electricity.

2. A self-regulating photovoltaic heat collection and storage wall system with dehumidification and purification functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The glass of the glass wall (1) is a full-band high-transmittance borosilicate glass, with a transmittance of 83% in the ultraviolet light band of 100 nm - 400 nm and a transmittance of >90% in other bands.

3. According to claim 1, a self-regulating photovoltaic heat collection and storage wall system with dehumidification and purification functions is characterized by: The adsorption material (3) is silica gel or activated carbon fiber, which can effectively adsorb water vapor and formaldehyde contained in indoor air.

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