Rotor punchings, rotor cores, rotors, motors and vehicles

Abstract

The present invention provides a rotor punching, a rotor core, a rotor, a motor, and a vehicle. The rotor punching is provided with a plurality of mounting slots for mounting permanent magnets. A pole arc region is defined between the portion of any mounting slot adapted for the permanent magnet and the outer periphery of the rotor punching. A magnetic isolation bridge is provided on both sides of any pole arc region along the circumferential direction of the rotor punching. A plurality of through holes are provided in any pole arc region, and the plurality of through holes are distributed at both ends of the pole arc region adjacent to the magnetic isolation bridge. The rotor punching provided by the present invention optimizes the rotor magnetic field distribution by providing through holes at the ends of the magnetic isolation bridges on both sides of the pole arc region, effectively weakening the quadrature-axis armature reaction, significantly improving the motor torque pulsation, and also enhancing the electromagnetic torque of the motor to a certain extent, thereby improving the motor's operating performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of motors, and in particular to a rotor punching, a rotor core comprising the rotor punching, a rotor comprising the rotor core, a motor comprising the rotor, and a vehicle comprising the motor. Background Art

[0002] At present, for built-in permanent magnet synchronous motors, under high load conditions, the magnetic field distortion caused by armature reaction, especially the cross-axis armature reaction, is particularly prominent. As a result, the iron core is in a highly saturated state, and the motor often experiences large torque fluctuations, causing large noise. This is inconsistent with some occasions such as power steering systems, which have lower NVH (Noise, Vibration, Harshness) requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve at least one of the above technical problems, a first object of the present invention is to provide a rotor punching.

[0004] A second object of the present invention is to provide a rotor core comprising the above rotor punching sheets.

[0005] A third object of the present invention is to provide a rotor including the above-mentioned rotor core.

[0006] A fourth object of the present invention is to provide a motor comprising the above-mentioned rotor.

[0007] A fifth object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle equipped with the above motor.

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution of the first aspect of the present invention provides a rotor punching, which is provided with a plurality of mounting grooves for installing permanent magnets, and a pole arc area is defined between the part of any mounting groove that adapts to the permanent magnet and the outer periphery of the rotor punching, and any pole arc area is provided with a magnetic isolation bridge on both sides of the circumferential direction of the rotor punching; wherein, any pole arc area is provided with a plurality of through holes, and the plurality of through holes are distributed at the two ends of the pole arc area adjacent to the magnetic isolation bridge.

[0009] The rotor punching provided by the technical solution of the first aspect of the present invention optimizes the rotor magnetic field distribution by setting through holes at the ends of the magnetic isolation bridges on both sides in the pole arc region, effectively weakens the cross-axis armature reaction, significantly improves the motor torque pulsation, reduces the motor's operating noise, reduces NVH, and improves the user's comfort; at the same time, it also improves the electromagnetic torque of the motor to a certain extent, which is beneficial to improving the working performance of the motor. In other words, since the magnetic saturation degree at the two ends of the pole arc region close to the magnetic isolation bridge is higher than that in the middle part, it is more likely to cause magnetic field distortion. Therefore, this solution sets through holes at the two ends of the magnetic isolation bridge in the pole arc region to optimize the magnetic field distribution, thereby improving the magnetic field distortion and solving the problem of large torque fluctuations that often occur in the motor when the core is in a high saturation state.

[0010] In addition, the rotor punching in the above technical solution provided by the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:

[0011] In the above technical solution, all the through holes in any of the pole arc regions are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the rotor punching sheet and are symmetrically distributed about the center line of the corresponding magnetic pole.

[0012] All through holes in any pole arc area are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the rotor punching and are symmetrical about the center line of the corresponding magnetic pole, making the structure of the rotor punching more regular and easy to process and form; at the same time, the magnetic field distribution is more uniform, so the waveform of the electromagnetic torque is also more regular, which is conducive to further reducing torque pulsation.

[0013] In the above technical solution, there are multiple through holes located at any one of the ends.

[0014] The number of through holes at any end of any pole arc region is designed to be multiple. Multiple through holes can further optimize the magnetic field distribution, thereby facilitating further improvement of the torque fluctuation problem.

[0015] In the above technical solution, the number of the through holes located at any one of the end portions is 1-4.

[0016] The number of through holes at any end is limited to 1 to 4 (ie 1, 2, 3 or 4), which can prevent too many openings from causing excessive equivalent magnetic resistance of the magnetic circuit and reducing the electromagnetic torque of the motor.

[0017] In the above technical solution, the angle θ between the geometric centers of the two innermost through holes in the same pole arc area and the line connecting the center of the rotor punching satisfies: 0.55≤θ / (360° / (2×P))≤0.7, where P is the number of motor pole pairs.

[0018] The two innermost through holes in the same pole arc region refer to: the through holes at the two ends of the same pole arc region that are closest to the corresponding magnetic pole center line, or the through holes at the two ends of the same pole arc region that are farthest from the adjacent magnetic isolation bridge. Of course, for the case where the number of through holes at either end is 1, the two innermost through holes in the same pole arc region are these two through holes.

[0019] The angle θ between the geometric centers of the two innermost through holes in the same pole arc region and the center of the rotor punching refers to: the line connecting the geometric center of one through hole and the center of the rotor punching is recorded as the first line, and the line connecting the geometric center of the other through hole and the center of the rotor punching is recorded as the second line, and the angle between the first line and the second line is θ. The ratio of 360° to 2×P refers to the angular area occupied by a magnetic pole. The ratio of θ to this angular area can characterize the position of the through holes at the two ends of the same pole arc region. Specifically, the larger the ratio, the more outward the through holes at the two ends, the smaller the distance between the through holes and the adjacent magnetic isolation bridges, and the better the improvement effect on the motor torque pulsation; the smaller the ratio, the more inward the through holes at the two ends, the larger the distance between the through holes and the adjacent magnetic isolation bridges, and the worse the improvement effect on the motor torque pulsation. This solution limits the ratio to within the range of 0.55 to 0.7 (i.e., 0.55, 0.6, 0.65, 0.7, etc.), so that the through hole is as close to the magnetic isolation bridge as possible, thereby ensuring that the through hole appears in the area where the magnetic flux is relatively saturated, which can effectively adjust the magnetic field distribution and effectively improve the torque pulsation; at the same time, it also ensures that the area where the through hole is located is not too large, so the number of through holes is not too many or the openings are not too large, which can prevent too many openings from causing the equivalent magnetic resistance of the magnetic circuit to be too large and reducing the electromagnetic torque of the motor.

[0020] In the above technical solution, along the direction close to the center line of the corresponding magnetic pole, the size of the nth through hole at any end along the length direction of the mounting slot is recorded as Wn, and the width of the spacing between the nth through hole and the n-1th through hole is recorded as D n-1 The dimension of the permanent magnet along the length direction of the mounting slot is recorded as Wm; wherein, 0.15≤2×(W1+W2+…+Wn+D1+D2+…+D n-1 ) / Wm≤0.35.

[0021] The sum of the widths of the through holes at either end and the sum of the spacings between two adjacent through holes is the sum of the widths of the opening area at one end within any pole arc region. Twice this sum is the total width of the opening areas at both ends within a pole arc region. Limiting the ratio of this total width to the dimension Wm of the permanent magnet along the length of the mounting slot (i.e., the width of the permanent magnet corresponding to the mounting slot, or the cross-sectional length of the permanent magnet at the cross-section where the mounting slot is located) to within the aforementioned range (e.g., 0.15, 0.2, 0.25, 0.3, 0.35) can prevent the opening area from being too wide, thereby avoiding excessive equivalent magnetic resistance of the magnetic circuit and a reduction in motor torque due to excessively large or excessive openings. This is beneficial for improving motor torque pulsation while also taking into account the magnitude of the motor's electromagnetic torque.

[0022] It can be understood that (W1+W2+…+Wn+D1+D2+…+D n-1 ) represents the total width of all through holes at one end and the total width of the spacing between these through holes, that is, the total width of the opening area at one end, which can also be written as Since the number of through holes at one end may be 1, 2, 3 or more, the above formula indicates that: when n=1, 0.15≤2×W1 / Wm≤0.35; when n=2, 0.15≤2×(W1+W2+D1) / Wm≤0.35; when n=3, 0.15≤2×(W1+W2+W3+D1+D2) / Wm≤0.35; when n=4, 0.15≤2×(W1+W2+W3+W4+D1+D2+D3) / Wm≤0.35; when n≥4, 0.15≤2×(W1+W2+…+Wn+D1+D2+…+D n-1 ) / Wm≤0.35.

[0023] In the above technical solution, the two ends of the mounting groove are constructed as magnetic isolation holes, and the magnetic isolation bridge is formed between the magnetic isolation hole and the outer periphery of the rotor punching sheet. The minimum distance d between the through hole and the adjacent magnetic isolation bridge and the minimum distance D between two adjacent through holes located at any of the ends satisfy: d≤k×D, where k∈[0.5,2].

[0024] The two ends of the mounting slot are constructed as magnetic isolation holes, that is, the size of the mounting slot is larger than the size of the permanent magnet. After the permanent magnet is inserted into the mounting slot, there is a certain gap between the two ends of the mounting slot, which can suppress the leakage of inter-pole magnetic flux. Among them, the area between the part of the mounting slot where the permanent magnet is inserted and the outer periphery of the rotor punching is the pole arc area, and the area between the magnetic isolation holes at both ends of the mounting slot and the outer periphery of the rotor punching is the magnetic isolation bridge. Therefore, magnetic isolation bridges are provided on both sides of the pole arc area. The principle of the magnetic isolation bridge is to limit the leakage of magnetic flux by saturating the magnetic flux at the magnetic bridge part. Limiting the relationship between d and D within the above range is conducive to each through hole being as close as possible to the adjacent magnetic isolation bridge, thereby further improving the effect of improving the fluctuation of electromagnetic torque. Among them, k is in the range of 0.5 to 2, such as 0.5, 0.8, 1, 1.2, 1.5, 1.8, and 2.

[0025] In the above technical solution, the minimum distance D between two adjacent through holes located at any one of the end portions is greater than or equal to the thickness of the rotor punching.

[0026] By making the minimum spacing between two adjacent through holes at either end greater than or equal to the thickness of the rotor punching, the area between the two through holes can be prevented from being too thin and easily broken, thereby improving the strength of the rotor punching and the reliability of the rotor.

[0027] In the above technical solution, along the direction close to the center line of the corresponding magnetic pole, the dimension H of the through hole located at any one of the ends along the width direction of the corresponding mounting groove gradually increases; and / or, along the direction close to the center line of the corresponding magnetic pole, the dimension W of the through hole located at any one of the ends along the length direction of the corresponding mounting groove gradually increases.

[0028] Since the mounting slots are generally long and extend roughly along the circumferential direction of the rotor punchings, the length direction of the mounting slots is roughly close to the circumferential direction of the rotor punchings, and the width direction of the mounting slots is roughly close to the radial direction of the rotor punchings. Accordingly, the size of the through-holes in the pole arc region along the width direction of the corresponding mounting slots can be understood as the height of the through-holes, and the size of the through-holes along the length direction of the corresponding mounting slots can be understood as the width of the through-holes. In this way, along the direction close to the centerline of the corresponding magnetic pole, the size of the through-holes at either end along the width direction of the mounting slots gradually increases, that is, the height of the through-holes near the centerline of the magnetic poles is relatively high, which is compatible with the shape of the pole arc region and is conducive to increasing the size of the through-holes to further improve the effect of improving the torque pulsation of the motor, while also taking into account the strength of the rotor and preventing the rotor punchings from being too thin in some areas. Similarly, along the direction of the center line close to the corresponding magnetic pole, the size of the through hole located at either end along the length direction of the mounting slot gradually increases, that is: the width of the through hole close to the center line of the magnetic pole is relatively wide, which is adapted to the shape of the pole arc area, which is conducive to increasing the size of the through hole to further improve the effect of improving the torque pulsation of the motor, while also taking into account the strength of the rotor to prevent the rotor punching from being too thin locally.

[0029] In any of the above technical solutions, a dimension H of the through hole along the width direction of the corresponding mounting groove and a dimension W of the through hole along the length direction of the corresponding mounting groove satisfy: 3.5≥(H / W)≥1.

[0030] The ratio of the height to the width of the through hole is limited to the above-mentioned range of 1 to 3.5, such as 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, etc., so that the through hole forms a long strip structure extending roughly along the radial direction of the rotor punching, such as a waist-shaped hole, a rectangular hole, an elliptical hole and other structures, which are adapted to the shape of the pole arc area, which is conducive to increasing the size of the through hole to further improve the effect of improving the torque pulsation of the motor.

[0031] In any of the above technical solutions, the dimension W of the through hole along the length direction of the corresponding mounting groove is greater than or equal to 0.3 mm; and / or the dimension H of the through hole along the width direction of the corresponding mounting groove is greater than or equal to 0.3 mm.

[0032] The dimension of the through hole along the length direction of the corresponding mounting slot (ie the width of the through hole) is greater than or equal to 0.3 mm, which can avoid the through hole being too narrow, resulting in the effect of improving the magnetic field distribution being too weak, and is conducive to improving the effect of improving the motor torque pulsation.

[0033] The dimension of the through hole along the width direction of the corresponding mounting groove (ie the height of the through hole) is greater than or equal to 0.3 mm, which can avoid the through hole being too short, resulting in too weak effect in improving the magnetic field distribution, and is conducive to improving the effect of improving the motor torque pulsation.

[0034] In any of the above technical solutions, a minimum distance Lmin between the through hole and the outer periphery of the rotor punching is greater than or equal to the thickness of the rotor punching.

[0035] The minimum distance Lmin between the through hole and the outer periphery of the rotor punching is greater than or equal to the thickness of the rotor punching, which can prevent the outer periphery of the rotor punching from being locally too thin and easily broken, thereby improving the strength of the rotor punching and improving the reliability of the rotor.

[0036] In any of the above technical solutions, the through hole has a notch that passes through the outer periphery of the rotor punching; or, the through hole has a notch that connects to the corresponding mounting groove; or, the through hole is a closed ring.

[0037] The through-hole has a notch extending through the outer periphery of the rotor sheet. This means the through-hole is relatively outwardly positioned and not in a closed annular shape. In other words, the through-hole is formed by partially recessing the outer periphery of the rotor sheet. This facilitates machining and reduces the difficulty. It also increases the distance between the through-hole and the mounting slot, thereby ensuring the strength of the rotor sheet.

[0038] Alternatively, the through hole may have a notch that connects to the corresponding mounting slot, i.e., the through hole is relatively inwardly positioned and is not a closed ring. In other words, the through hole may be formed by partially protruding the outer edge of the mounting slot outward. Thus, the through hole and the mounting slot can be integrally formed, which reduces processing complexity and increases the distance between the through hole and the outer periphery of the rotor punching, thereby ensuring the strength of the rotor punching.

[0039] Alternatively, the through hole is a complete ring, that is, the through hole is completely located inside the pole arc area, with a gap between the outer periphery of the rotor punching and the mounting groove. The structure is relatively independent and can be easily processed into various required shapes as needed.

[0040] In any of the above technical solutions, the shape of the through hole is rectangular, circular, elliptical or a long strip formed by combining a rectangle and a semicircle; and / or the shapes of the plurality of through holes are the same.

[0041] The shape of the through hole can be rectangular, circular, oval, or a strip formed by a combination of a rectangle and a semicircle, which has a relatively regular structure and is easy to process and form. Of course, the shape of the through hole is not limited to the above shapes, and can also be any other shape.

[0042] The multiple through holes have the same shape, such as all rectangular, all circular, all elliptical, or all rectangular and semicircular to form a long strip. This can make the structure of the rotor punching more regular and facilitate processing and forming. It is worth noting that the multiple through holes have the same shape, but can have different sizes. For example, the through holes near the magnetic isolation bridge are smaller in size, while the through holes near the magnetic isolation bridge near the center line of the magnetic pole are larger in size.

[0043] The technical solution of the second aspect of the present invention provides a rotor core, comprising: a plurality of rotor punchings as described in any one of the technical solutions of the first aspect, wherein the plurality of rotor punchings are stacked to form the rotor core, and the mounting grooves of the plurality of rotor punchings form mounting holes.

[0044] The rotor core provided by the technical solution of the second aspect of the present invention includes the rotor punchings described in any one of the technical solutions of the first aspect, and thus has all the beneficial effects of any of the above technical solutions, which will not be repeated here.

[0045] The technical solution of the third aspect of the present invention provides a rotor, comprising: the rotor core as described in the technical solution of the second aspect; and a plurality of permanent magnets inserted into the mounting holes of the rotor core.

[0046] The rotor provided by the technical solution of the third aspect of the present invention includes the rotor core described in the technical solution of the second aspect, and thus has all the beneficial effects of any of the above technical solutions, which will not be repeated here.

[0047] In the above technical solution, the cross-section of the permanent magnet perpendicular to the axis of the rotor is I-shaped, V-shaped or U-shaped.

[0048] The cross section of the permanent magnet perpendicular to the axis of the rotor can be I-shaped, V-shaped, U-shaped, or other shapes, which expands the types of permanent magnets that can be adapted to the rotor core and helps to increase the scope of application of the product.

[0049] The technical solution of the fourth aspect of the present invention provides a motor, comprising: the rotor as described in the technical solution of the third aspect; and a stator, which is fitted with the rotor.

[0050] The motor provided by the technical solution of the fourth aspect of the present invention includes the rotor described in any one of the technical solutions of the third aspect, and thus has all the beneficial effects of any of the above technical solutions, which will not be repeated here.

[0051] The technical solution of the fifth aspect of the present invention provides a vehicle, comprising: a vehicle body; and the motor as described in the technical solution of the fourth aspect, installed in the vehicle body.

[0052] The vehicle provided by the technical solution of the fifth aspect of the present invention includes the motor described in the technical solution of the fourth aspect, and thus has all the beneficial effects of any of the above technical solutions, which will not be repeated here.

[0053] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the description which follows, or may be learned by practice of the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0055] Figure 1 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotor punching according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the middle part A;

[0057] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Another partial structural diagram of the rotor punching is shown;

[0058] Figure 4 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotor punching according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 5 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotor punching according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the partial structure of the rotor punching shown;

[0061] Figure 7 is a schematic side structural diagram of a rotor core according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 8 It is a torque waveform comparison diagram of a specific example of the present invention and an existing comparative example.

[0063] in, Figures 1 to 7 The corresponding relationship between the reference numerals and component names is as follows:

[0064] 1 rotor punching sheet, 11 pole arc area, 12 mounting groove, 121 magnetic isolation hole, 13 through hole, 14 magnetic isolation bridge, 2 rotor core. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0065] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features therein can be combined with each other.

[0066] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0067] Refer to the following Figures 1 to 8 The present invention describes rotor sheets, rotor cores, rotors, motors, and vehicles according to some embodiments of the present invention.

[0068] Example 1

[0069] The rotor punching 1 provided by the embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention has a plurality of mounting slots 12 for mounting permanent magnets. A pole arc region 11 is defined between the portion of any mounting slot 12 adapted to the permanent magnet and the outer periphery of the rotor punching 1. Magnetic isolation bridges 14 are provided on both sides of any pole arc region 11 along the circumferential direction of the rotor punching 1. Figure 1 wherein any one of the pole arc regions 11 is provided with a plurality of through holes 13, a plurality of through holes 13 are distributed at both ends of the pole arc region 11 adjacent to the magnetic isolation bridge 14, as shown Figure 1 shown.

[0070] The rotor punching 1 provided in this embodiment optimizes the rotor magnetic field distribution by setting a through hole 13 at the end of the magnetic isolation bridge 14 on both sides in the pole arc area 11, effectively weakens the cross-axis armature reaction, significantly improves the motor torque pulsation, and also improves the electromagnetic torque of the motor to a certain extent, which is beneficial to improving the working performance of the motor.

[0071] In other words, since the magnetic saturation degree at the two ends of the pole arc region 11 close to the magnetic isolation bridge 14 is higher than that in the middle part, it is more likely to cause magnetic field distortion. Therefore, this solution sets through holes 13 at the two ends of the pole arc region 11 close to the magnetic isolation bridge 14 to optimize the magnetic field distribution, thereby improving the magnetic field distortion and solving the problem of large torque fluctuations that often occur in the motor when the core is in a high saturation state.

[0072] Furthermore, all the through holes 13 in any pole arc region 11 are spaced apart along the circumference of the rotor sheet 1 and are symmetrically distributed about the center line of the corresponding magnetic pole, such as Figure 1 shown.

[0073] All through holes 13 in any pole arc region 11 are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the rotor punching 1 and are symmetrical about the center line of the corresponding magnetic pole (that is, the direct axis of the magnetic pole), so that the structure of the rotor punching 1 is relatively regular and easy to process and form; at the same time, the magnetic field distribution is more uniform, so the waveform of the electromagnetic torque is also more regular, which is conducive to further reducing torque pulsation.

[0074] Optionally, the number of through holes 13 located at either end is multiple, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown.

[0075] The number of through holes 13 at any end of any pole arc region 11 is designed to be multiple (such as two, three, etc.). Multiple through holes 13 can further optimize the magnetic field distribution, thereby helping to further improve the torque fluctuation problem.

[0076] Of course, the number of the through hole 13 located at either end may also be one.

[0077] Optionally, the number of through holes 13 located at either end is 1-4.

[0078] The number of through holes 13 at any end is limited to 1 to 4 (ie 1, 2, 3 or 4), which can prevent too many openings from causing excessive equivalent magnetic resistance of the magnetic circuit and reducing the electromagnetic torque of the motor.

[0079] Furthermore, the angle θ between the geometric centers of the two innermost through holes 13 of the same pole arc region 11 and the line connecting the center of the rotor punching 1 satisfies: 0.55≤θ / (360° / (2×P))≤0.7, where P is the number of motor pole pairs.

[0080] Furthermore, the two innermost through holes 13 of the same pole arc region 11 refer to the through holes 13 at the two ends of the same pole arc region 11 that are closest to the corresponding magnetic pole centerline, or the through holes 13 at the two ends of the same pole arc region 11 that are farthest from the adjacent magnetic isolation bridge 14. Of course, if the number of through holes 13 at any end is one, the two innermost through holes 13 of the same pole arc region 11 are those two through holes 13.

[0081] The angle θ between the lines connecting the geometric centers of the two innermost through holes 13 of the same pole arc region 11 and the center of the rotor punching 1 means: the line connecting the geometric center of one through hole 13 and the center of the rotor punching 1 is recorded as the first line, and the line connecting the geometric center of the other through hole 13 and the center of the rotor punching 1 is recorded as the second line, and the angle between the first line and the second line is θ.

[0082] The ratio of 360° to 2×P refers to the angular area occupied by a magnetic pole. The ratio of θ to the angular area can characterize the position of the through holes 13 at the two ends of the same pole arc area 11, which is specifically manifested as follows: the larger the ratio, the more outward the through holes 13 at the two ends, the smaller the distance between the through holes 13 and the adjacent magnetic isolation bridges 14, and the better the improvement effect on the motor torque pulsation; the smaller the ratio, the more inward the through holes 13 at the two ends, the larger the distance between the through holes 13 and the adjacent magnetic isolation bridges 14, and the worse the improvement effect on the motor torque pulsation.

[0083] This solution limits the ratio to within the range of 0.55 to 0.7 (i.e., 0.55, 0.6, 0.65, 0.7, etc.), so that the through hole 13 is as close as possible to the magnetic isolation bridge 14, thereby ensuring that the through hole 13 appears in an area where the magnetic flux is relatively saturated, which can effectively adjust the magnetic field distribution and effectively improve the torque pulsation; at the same time, it also ensures that the area where the through hole 13 is located is not too large, so that the number of through holes 13 is not too many or the openings are not too large, which can prevent too many openings from causing the equivalent magnetic resistance of the magnetic circuit to be too large and reducing the electromagnetic torque of the motor.

[0084] Furthermore, if Figure 3 As shown, along the direction close to the center line of the corresponding magnetic pole, the size of the nth through hole 13 at either end along the length direction of the mounting groove 12 is recorded as Wn, and the width of the spacing between the nth through hole 13 and the n-1th through hole 13 is recorded as D n-1 The size of the permanent magnet along the length of the mounting slot 12 is recorded as Wm; wherein, 0.15≤2×(W1+W2+…+Wn+D1+D2+…+D n-1 ) / Wm≤0.35.

[0085] The sum of the widths of the through holes 13 at any end and the sum of the spacings between two adjacent through holes 13 is the sum of the widths of the opening area at one end within any pole arc region 11. Twice this sum is the total width of the opening area at both ends within a pole arc region 11. Limiting the ratio of this total width to the dimension Wm of the permanent magnet along the length direction of the mounting slot 12 (i.e., the width of the permanent magnet corresponding to the mounting slot 12, or the cross-sectional length of the permanent magnet on the cross-section where the mounting slot 12 is located) within the above-mentioned range (e.g., 0.15, 0.2, 0.25, 0.3, 0.35) can prevent the opening area from being too wide, thereby avoiding the reduction of the motor torque due to excessive equivalent magnetic resistance of the magnetic circuit caused by excessively large or excessive number of openings. This is beneficial for improving the motor torque ripple while taking into account the electromagnetic torque of the motor.

[0086] It can be understood that (W1+W2+…+Wn+D1+D2+…+D n-1) represents the total width of all through holes 13 at one end and the total width of the spacing between these through holes 13, that is, the total width of the opening area at one end, which can also be written as Since the number of through holes 13 at one end may be 1, 2, 3 or more, the above formula represents that: when n=1, 0.15≤2×W1 / Wm≤0.35; when n=2, 0.15≤2×(W1+W2+D1) / Wm≤0.35; when n=3, 0.15≤2×(W1+W2+W3+D1+D2) / Wm≤0.35; when n=4, 0.15≤2×(W1+W2+W3+W4+D1+D2+D3) / Wm≤0.35; when n≥4, 0.15≤2×(W1+W2+…+Wn+D1+D2+…+D n-1 ) / Wm≤0.35.

[0087] Furthermore, if Figure 1 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, both ends of the mounting slot 12 are configured as magnetic isolation holes 121, and magnetic isolation bridges 14 are formed between the magnetic isolation holes 121 and the outer periphery of the rotor punching 1. The minimum distance d between the through hole 13 and the adjacent magnetic isolation bridge 14 (as shown in FIG. Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown in FIG, the minimum spacing D between two adjacent through holes 13 located at either end satisfies: d≤k×D, where k∈[0.5,2].

[0088] The two ends of the mounting slot 12 are constructed as magnetic isolation holes 121, that is, the size of the mounting slot 12 is larger than the size of the permanent magnet. After the permanent magnet is inserted into the mounting slot 12, there is a certain gap between the two ends of the mounting slot 12, which can suppress the inter-pole magnetic flux leakage.

[0089] Among them, the area between the part where the permanent magnet is inserted in the middle of the installation slot 12 and the outer periphery of the rotor punching 1 is the pole arc area 11, and the area between the magnetic isolation holes 121 at both ends of the installation slot 12 and the outer periphery of the rotor punching 1 is the magnetic isolation bridge 14. Therefore, magnetic isolation bridges 14 are provided on both sides of the pole arc area 11. The principle of the magnetic isolation bridge 14 is to limit the leakage magnetic flux by achieving saturation of the magnetic flux at the magnetic bridge position.

[0090] Limiting the relationship between d and D within the above range is beneficial for each through hole 13 to be as close as possible to the adjacent magnetic isolation bridge 14, thereby further improving the effect of improving electromagnetic torque fluctuation.

[0091] Here, k is in the range of 0.5 to 2, such as 0.5, 0.8, 1, 1.2, 1.5, 1.8, and 2.

[0092] Furthermore, the minimum distance D between two adjacent through holes 13 at any end is greater than or equal to the thickness of the rotor sheet 1 .

[0093] By making the minimum distance between two adjacent through holes 13 at either end greater than or equal to the thickness of the rotor punching 1, the area between the two through holes 13 can be prevented from being too thin and easily broken, thereby improving the strength of the rotor punching 1 and the reliability of the rotor.

[0094] Furthermore, if Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, along the direction approaching the center line of the corresponding magnetic pole, the dimension H of the through hole 13 at either end along the width direction of the corresponding mounting groove 12 gradually increases.

[0095] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, along the direction approaching the center line of the corresponding magnetic pole, the size W of the through hole 13 at either end along the length direction of the corresponding mounting groove 12 gradually increases.

[0096] Since the mounting groove 12 is generally elongated and extends substantially along the circumferential direction of the rotor sheet 1, the length direction of the mounting groove 12 is substantially close to the circumferential direction of the rotor sheet 1, and the width direction of the mounting groove 12 is substantially close to the radial direction of the rotor sheet 1. Correspondingly, the dimension of the through hole 13 in the pole arc region 11 along the width direction of the corresponding mounting groove 12 can be understood as the height of the through hole 13, and the dimension of the through hole 13 along the length direction of the corresponding mounting groove 12 can be understood as the width of the through hole 13.

[0097] In this way, along the direction of the center line close to the corresponding magnetic pole, the size of the through hole 13 located at either end along the width direction of the mounting groove 12 gradually increases. In other words, the height of the through hole 13 close to the center line of the magnetic pole is relatively high, which is adapted to the shape of the pole arc area 11, and is conducive to increasing the size of the through hole 13 to further improve the effect of improving the torque pulsation of the motor, while also taking into account the strength of the rotor to prevent the rotor punching 1 from being too thin in some areas.

[0098] Similarly, along the direction approaching the centerline of the corresponding magnetic pole, the size of the through hole 13 located at either end along the length direction of the mounting slot 12 gradually increases. That is, the width of the through hole 13 near the centerline of the magnetic pole is relatively wide. This is adapted to the shape of the pole arc region 11, which is conducive to increasing the size of the through hole 13 to further improve the effect of improving the torque pulsation of the motor, while also taking into account the strength of the rotor and preventing the rotor punching 1 from being locally too thin. Furthermore, the dimension H of the through hole 13 along the width direction of the corresponding mounting slot 12 and the dimension W of the through hole 13 along the length direction of the corresponding mounting slot 12 satisfy: 3.5 ≥ (H / W) ≥ 1.

[0099] The ratio of the height to the width of the through hole 13 is limited to the above-mentioned range of 1 to 3.5, such as 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, etc., so that the through hole 13 forms a long strip structure extending roughly along the radial direction of the rotor punching 1, such as a waist-shaped hole, a rectangular hole, an elliptical hole and other structures, which is adapted to the shape of the pole arc region 11, which is conducive to increasing the size of the through hole 13 to further improve the effect of improving the torque pulsation of the motor.

[0100] The dimension W of the through hole 13 along the length direction of the corresponding mounting groove 12 is greater than or equal to 0.3 mm.

[0101] The dimension of the through hole 13 along the length direction of the corresponding mounting groove 12 (i.e., the width W of the through hole 13) is greater than or equal to 0.3 mm, which can avoid the through hole 13 being too narrow, resulting in the effect of improving the magnetic field distribution being too weak, which is beneficial to improving the effect of improving the motor torque pulsation.

[0102] Furthermore, a dimension H of the through hole 13 along the width direction of the corresponding mounting groove 12 is greater than or equal to 0.3 mm.

[0103] The dimension of the through hole 13 along the width direction of the corresponding mounting groove 12 (i.e., the height H of the through hole 13) is greater than or equal to 0.3 mm, which can avoid the through hole 13 being too narrow in the longitudinal direction, resulting in the effect of improving the magnetic field distribution being too weak, which is beneficial to improving the effect of improving the motor torque pulsation.

[0104] Furthermore, a minimum distance Lmin between the through hole 13 and the outer periphery of the rotor punching 1 is greater than or equal to the thickness of the rotor punching 1 .

[0105] The minimum distance Lmin between the through hole 13 and the outer periphery of the rotor punching 1 is greater than or equal to the thickness of the rotor punching 1, which can prevent the outer periphery of the rotor punching 1 from being locally too thin and easily broken, thereby improving the strength of the rotor punching 1 and improving the reliability of the rotor.

[0106] Optionally, the through hole 13 has a notch communicating with the corresponding mounting groove 12 .

[0107] The through hole 13 has a notch that connects to the corresponding mounting slot 12. That is, the through hole 13 is relatively inwardly positioned and is not a closed annular shape. Therefore, the outer edge of the mounting slot 12 partially protrudes outward to form the through hole 13. This allows the through hole 13 and the mounting slot 12 to be integrally formed, which reduces manufacturing complexity and increases the distance between the through hole 13 and the outer periphery of the rotor sheet 1, thereby ensuring the strength of the rotor sheet 1.

[0108] Example 2

[0109] The difference from the first embodiment is that the through hole 13 has a notch that passes through the outer periphery of the rotor punching 1, such as Figure 4 shown.

[0110] The through hole 13 is a notch extending through the outer periphery of the rotor sheet 1. That is, the through hole 13 is located relatively outward and is not a closed ring. Therefore, the through hole 13 can be formed by partially recessing the outer periphery of the rotor sheet 1 inward. This facilitates machining and reduces the difficulty. It also increases the distance between the through hole 13 and the mounting slot 12, thereby ensuring the strength of the rotor sheet 1.

[0111] Example 3

[0112] The difference from the first embodiment is that the through hole 13 is a closed ring. Figure 5 shown.

[0113] The through hole 13 is a complete ring, that is, the through hole 13 is completely located inside the pole arc region 11, with a gap between the outer periphery of the rotor punching 1 and the mounting groove 12. The structure is relatively independent and can be easily processed into various required shapes as needed.

[0114] In any of the above embodiments, the through hole 13 may be in the shape of a rectangle, a circle, an ellipse, or a strip formed by combining a rectangle and a semicircle (e.g. Figure 2 shown).

[0115] The shape of the through hole 13 can be rectangular, circular, elliptical (such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown), it can also be a long strip formed by a combination of a rectangle and a semicircle (as shown Figures 1 to 3 The structure is relatively regular and easy to process and shape.

[0116] Of course, the shape of the through hole 13 is not limited to the above shape, and can also be as follows Figure 4 The semicircle shown may be similar to a semicircle or any other shape.

[0117] Optionally, the shapes of the plurality of through holes 13 are the same, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown.

[0118] The multiple through holes 13 have the same shape, for example, all are rectangular, all are circular, all are elliptical, or all are a combination of rectangular and semicircular to form a long strip, which can make the structure of the rotor punching 1 more regular and facilitate processing and forming.

[0119] It is worth noting that the shapes of the plurality of through holes 13 are the same, but the sizes and dimensions can be different. For example, the size of the through hole 13 close to the magnetic isolation bridge 14 is smaller, and the size of the through hole 13 close to the magnetic isolation bridge 14 at the center line of the magnetic pole is larger. Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown.

[0120] Optionally, the outer periphery of the rotor punching 1 can be a regular circle or a Figure 1 It is shown as a ring-shaped wave, or a regular circle with multiple recessed parts evenly distributed, or other shapes.

[0121] like Figure 7 As shown, the rotor core 2 provided by the embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention includes: a plurality of rotor punchings 1 as any one of the embodiments of the first aspect, the plurality of rotor punchings 1 are stacked to form the rotor core 2, and the mounting grooves 12 of the plurality of rotor punchings 1 form mounting holes.

[0122] The rotor core 2 provided in the embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention includes the rotor punching 1 of any one of the embodiments of the first aspect, and thus has all the beneficial effects of any of the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0123] Specifically, the mounting slots corresponding to the plurality of rotor punchings form mounting holes, so that the rotor core has a plurality of mounting holes spaced apart along the circumferential direction, which are respectively used for inserting the permanent magnets.

[0124] The rotor provided by the embodiment of the third aspect of the present invention includes: the rotor core 2 as in the embodiment of the second aspect and a plurality of permanent magnets inserted into the mounting holes of the rotor core 2.

[0125] The rotor provided by the embodiment of the third aspect of the present invention includes the rotor core 2 of the embodiment of the second aspect, and thus has all the beneficial effects of any of the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0126] Wherein, the rotor is a built-in permanent magnet motor rotor.

[0127] Optionally, a cross section of the permanent magnet perpendicular to the axis of the rotor is I-shaped, V-shaped or U-shaped.

[0128] The cross section of the permanent magnet perpendicular to the axis of the rotor can be I-shaped, V-shaped, U-shaped, or other shapes, which expands the types of permanent magnets that are compatible with the rotor core 2 and helps to increase the applicability of the product.

[0129] An embodiment of a fourth aspect of the present invention provides a motor, comprising: a rotor and a stator as in the embodiment of the third aspect, fitted with a rotor sleeve.

[0130] The motor provided by the embodiment of the fourth aspect of the present invention includes the rotor of any one of the embodiments of the third aspect, and thus has all the beneficial effects of any of the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0131] An embodiment of a fifth aspect of the present invention provides a vehicle, comprising: a vehicle body and a motor as in the embodiment of the fourth aspect, wherein the motor is installed in the vehicle body.

[0132] The vehicle provided by the embodiment of the fifth aspect of the present invention includes the motor of the embodiment of the fourth aspect, and thus has all the beneficial effects of any of the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0133] The following introduces a specific example and compares it with a comparative example.

[0134] Specific example: An 8-pole rotor, wherein the rotor core 2 is formed by laminating a plurality of rotor punchings 1, and each pole arc region 11 of each rotor punching 1 is symmetrically provided with four through holes 13, such as Figure 1 As shown, the through holes 13 are opened at the two ends of the pole arc region 11 near the magnetic isolation bridge 14 .

[0135] Comparative example: The difference from the above specific example is that the pole arc region 11 of the rotor punching 1 does not have the above through hole 13 .

[0136] The electromagnetic torque of the specific example and the comparative example is tested, and the following results are obtained: Figure 8 The electromagnetic torque waveform comparison diagram shown in the figure, where the horizontal axis represents the torque (Torque) and the vertical axis represents the rotor position (RotorPosition). Figure 8 It can be seen that after the through hole 13 is opened, the torque ripple is effectively reduced and the average torque is increased.

[0137] From this, we can conclude that the rotor optimization method provided in this application can effectively weaken the quadrature-axis armature reaction, significantly improve the motor torque pulsation, and at the same time also improve the electromagnetic torque of the motor to a certain extent.

[0138] In summary, the rotor punching provided by the present invention optimizes the rotor magnetic field distribution by setting through holes at the ends of the magnetic isolation bridges on both sides in the pole arc region, effectively weakens the cross-axis armature reaction, significantly improves the motor torque pulsation, and also improves the electromagnetic torque of the motor to a certain extent, which is beneficial to improving the working performance of the motor. In other words, since the magnetic saturation degree at the two ends of the pole arc region close to the magnetic isolation bridge is higher than that in the middle part, it is more likely to cause magnetic field distortion. Therefore, this solution sets through holes at the two ends of the pole arc region close to the magnetic isolation bridge to optimize the magnetic field distribution, thereby improving the magnetic field distortion and solving the problem of large torque fluctuations that often occur in the motor when the core is in a high saturation state.

[0139] In the present invention, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The term "plurality" refers to two or more, unless expressly limited otherwise. Terms such as "installed," "connected," "connected," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connected" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; "connected" can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediary. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0140] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "up", "down", "left", "right", "front" and "back" are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or unit referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0141] Throughout this specification, terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," and "specific embodiments" mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with that embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of these terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0142] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rotor punching, characterized in that: The rotor punching is provided with a plurality of mounting slots for mounting permanent magnets, a pole arc region is defined between a portion of any mounting slot adapted to the permanent magnet and an outer peripheral edge of the rotor punching, and magnetic isolation bridges are provided on both sides of any pole arc region along the circumferential direction of the rotor punching; Wherein, any of the pole arc regions is provided with a plurality of through holes, and the plurality of through holes are distributed in the pole arc region adjacent to two ends of the magnetic isolation bridge; All the through holes in any of the pole arc regions are spaced apart along the circumference of the rotor punching sheet and are symmetrically distributed about the center line of the corresponding magnetic pole; The angle θ between the geometric centers of the two innermost through holes in the same pole arc region and the line connecting the center of the rotor punching satisfies: 0.55≤θ / (360° / (2×P))≤0.7, where P is the number of motor pole pairs; The two innermost through holes of the same pole arc region are through holes at two ends of the same pole arc region that are closest to the corresponding magnetic pole center line, or through holes at two ends of the same pole arc region that are farthest from adjacent magnetic isolation bridges; The line connecting the geometric center of one of the two innermost through holes in the same polar arc region and the center of the rotor punching is recorded as the first line, and the line connecting the geometric center of the other through hole and the center of the rotor punching is recorded as the second line, and the angle between the first line and the second line is θ.

2. The rotor punching according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the through holes located at any one of the end portions is plural.

3. The rotor punching according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the through holes located at any one of the ends is 1-4.

4. The rotor punching according to claim 1, characterized in that: Along the direction close to the center line of the corresponding magnetic pole, the size of the nth through hole at any end along the length direction of the mounting slot is recorded as Wn, and the width of the spacing between the nth through hole and the n-1th through hole is recorded as D n-1 , the dimension of the permanent magnet along the length direction of the mounting slot is recorded as Wm; Where, 0.15≤2×(W1+W2+…+Wn+D1+D2+…+D n-1 ) / Wm≤0.

35.

5. The rotor punching according to claim 2, characterized in that: The two ends of the mounting slot are constructed as magnetic isolation holes, and the magnetic isolation bridge is formed between the magnetic isolation hole and the outer periphery of the rotor punching. The minimum distance d between the through hole and the adjacent magnetic isolation bridge and the minimum distance D between two adjacent through holes located at any end satisfy: d≤k×D, where k∈[0.5,2].

6. The rotor punching according to claim 2, characterized in that: A minimum distance D between two adjacent through holes at any one of the end portions is greater than or equal to the thickness of the rotor punching sheet.

7. The rotor punching according to claim 2, characterized in that: Along the direction close to the center line of the corresponding magnetic pole, the dimension H of the through hole at any one of the ends along the width direction of the corresponding mounting groove gradually increases; and / or Along the direction approaching the center line of the corresponding magnetic pole, the size W of the through hole located at any one of the end portions along the length direction of the corresponding mounting groove gradually increases.

8. The rotor punching according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that A dimension H of the through hole along the width direction of the corresponding mounting groove and a dimension W of the through hole along the length direction of the corresponding mounting groove satisfy the following: 3.5≥(H / W)≥1.

9. The rotor punching according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that The dimension W of the through hole along the length direction of the corresponding mounting groove is greater than or equal to 0.3 mm; and / or A dimension H of the through hole along a width direction of the corresponding mounting groove is greater than or equal to 0.3 mm.

10. The rotor punching according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that A minimum distance Lmin between the through hole and the outer periphery of the rotor punching is greater than or equal to the thickness of the rotor punching.

11. The rotor punching according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that The through hole has a notch that passes through the outer periphery of the rotor punching; or The through hole has a notch communicating with the corresponding mounting groove; or The through hole is in a closed ring shape.

12. The rotor punching according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that The through hole is in the shape of a rectangle, a circle, an ellipse or a strip formed by a combination of a rectangle and a semicircle; and / or The plurality of through holes have the same shape.

13. A rotor core, characterized in that: include: A plurality of rotor punchings according to any one of claims 1 to 12 are stacked to form the rotor core, and the mounting grooves of the plurality of rotor punchings form mounting holes.

14. A rotor, characterized in that: include: The rotor core according to claim 13; and A plurality of permanent magnets are inserted into the mounting holes of the rotor core.

15. The rotor according to claim 14, characterized in that The cross section of the permanent magnet perpendicular to the axis of the rotor is I-shaped, V-shaped or U-shaped.

16. A motor, characterized in that: include: A rotor as claimed in claim 14 or 15; and The stator is fitted with the rotor.

17. A vehicle, characterized in that: include: vehicle body; and The motor according to claim 16, mounted in the vehicle body.

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