A distribution network fault processing method and system with coordinated self-adaptation between master station and terminal

Abstract

The present invention relates to a distribution network fault processing method and system with coordinated self-adaptation between a master station and a terminal, wherein fault processing of the master station and the terminal is allocated according to a fault processing strategy, a distribution network fault location model is used to locate the fault during the master station processing, and after the fault is isolated, the active loads in the distribution network are classified according to the regulation capability and the power supply is restored to the non-fault power outage area according to the classification. The present invention effectively uses the coordinated self-adaptation control mode of the master station and the terminal to realize the rapid location, isolation and recovery of intelligent distribution network faults, thereby improving the efficiency and accuracy of fault location.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power system fault processing, and in particular to a distribution network fault processing method and system with coordinated self-adaptation between a master station and a terminal. Background Art

[0002] The safe and reliable operation of the distribution network has always been the most concerned issue for power grid companies. The safety monitoring system and protection control method of the conventional distribution network can no longer adapt to the complex distribution network system containing distributed power sources, but the smart grid technology has solved this problem very well. With the continuous improvement of the information level of the distribution network, the distribution automation system, dispatching automation system, power information collection system, and production management system have fully covered the medium and low voltage distribution and power consumption parts, which provides more sufficient fusion information for the coordinated adaptive control of the master station and the terminal. Therefore, how to effectively use the coordinated adaptive control method of the master station and the terminal to achieve the rapid location, isolation and recovery of the fault of the smart distribution network has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0003] Based on the above situation of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a distribution network fault handling method and system with coordinated self-adaptation between the master station and the terminal, to allocate the fault handling of the master station and the terminal according to the fault handling strategy, and to effectively use the coordinated self-adaptation control method of the master station and the terminal to realize the rapid positioning, isolation and recovery of the intelligent distribution network fault.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for handling distribution network faults in which a master station and a terminal cooperate and adapt to each other, comprising the steps of:

[0005] S1. When a distribution network fault occurs, receive the fault information and fault handling results or fault information uploaded by the terminal where the fault occurs;

[0006] S2. According to the received fault information and the fault handling result, or the fault information, it is determined whether the fault is handled by the master station or the terminal. If it is handled by the master station, step S3 is executed; if it is handled by the terminal, the process jumps to step S4.

[0007] S3, generating a fault information sequence according to the received fault information, obtaining a fault location model according to a fault section location rule, obtaining a fault section according to the fault information sequence and the fault location model, and isolating the fault;

[0008] S4. For active loads in the distribution network, according to the classification and power supply strategy, restore power supply to the non-fault power outage area after the terminal fault is processed in step S1 or after the master station fault is isolated in step S3.

[0009] Furthermore, the fault handling result uploaded by the terminal comes from:

[0010] The terminal with fault handling function performs fault type determination, fault location and fault isolation processing according to the collected distribution network fault information to obtain the fault handling result.

[0011] Further, judging, based on the received fault information and the fault handling result, or the fault information, whether the fault is handled by the master station or the terminal includes:

[0012] S21. If only fault information is received, the fault is handled by the master station;

[0013] S22. If the received information is fault information and fault handling result, determine whether the fault handling of the terminal is correct according to the fault information and fault handling result. If so, the fault is handled by the terminal; if not, the fault is handled by the master station.

[0014] Further, generating a fault information sequence according to the received fault information includes:

[0015] According to the topological structure of the distribution network, each switch node is encoded;

[0016] Specifies the positive direction of the distribution network model;

[0017] A fault information sequence is generated according to the encoding result and the positive direction.

[0018] Furthermore, the acquiring of the fault location model according to the fault section location rule includes:

[0019] Formulate fault location rules based on fault information;

[0020] According to the fault location rule, a Petri network fault location model for each area of ​​the distribution network is constructed.

[0021] Further, the deriving of the fault section according to the fault information sequence and the fault location model includes:

[0022] According to the corresponding sequence of the corresponding library places in the model, the initial identification of all the library places in the fault location model is determined;

[0023] When the state of a place in the model changes, a transition is triggered;

[0024] Determine whether the triggering of all transitions is completed. If not, return to the previous step; if yes, proceed to the next step;

[0025] According to the number of tokens in the network library, the fault section location result is obtained.

[0026] Furthermore, the process of restoring power supply to the non-fault power outage area according to the classification and power supply strategy for the active loads in the distribution network includes:

[0027] S41, determining whether there is a boundary connection line in the non-fault power outage area, if yes, executing step S42; if no, executing step S43;

[0028] S42, determining whether the active loads include the third type of active loads, if yes, executing step S421; if no, executing step S422;

[0029] S421, using the boundary tie line to restore power supply and control the third type of active load to be reconnected to the grid for power generation;

[0030] S422, using the boundary tie line to restore power supply, controlling the first type of active load to be disconnected from the grid, and re-supplying the second type of active load;

[0031] S43, determining whether the active loads include the third type of active loads, if yes, executing step S431; if no, executing step S442;

[0032] S431, control the third type of active load to operate in an island mode within its capacity range;

[0033] S432, control the non-fault power outage area to lose power.

[0034] Furthermore, the first category of active loads includes active loads that are not equipped with energy storage devices and reactive power regulation devices; the second category of active loads includes active loads that are equipped with energy storage devices and reactive power regulation devices; the third category of active loads includes synchronous generators with adjustable excitation voltage or jointly dispatched power generation equipment equipped with reactive power regulation devices.

[0035] Furthermore, the method further comprises the steps of:

[0036] Obtain distribution network fault information from the external information fusion system to provide data support for fault handling.

[0037] According to another aspect of the present invention, a distribution network fault processing system with coordinated self-adaptation between a master station and a terminal is provided, comprising a distribution network self-healing master station layer, a distribution network communication layer, and a distributed self-healing terminal layer; wherein:

[0038] When a distribution network fault occurs, the distributed self-healing terminal layer determines the fault type, locates the fault, and isolates the fault according to the collected distribution network fault information, and sends the obtained fault processing result to the distribution network self-healing master station layer through the distribution network communication layer; or sends the collected distribution network fault information to the distribution network self-healing master station layer;

[0039] The distribution network self-healing master station layer determines whether the fault is handled by the master station or the terminal according to the received fault information and the fault handling result or the fault information, and when the judgment result is that the fault is handled by the master station, generates a fault information sequence according to the received fault information, obtains a fault location model according to the fault section location rule, obtains the fault section according to the fault information sequence and the fault location model, and isolates the fault;

[0040] The distribution network self-healing master station layer also restores power supply to non-fault power outage areas according to classification and power supply strategies for active loads in the distribution network.

[0041] In summary, the present invention provides a distribution network fault processing method and system with coordinated self-adaptation between the master station and the terminal, which allocates fault processing of the master station and the terminal according to the fault processing strategy, locates the fault using the distribution network fault location model during the master station processing, and classifies the active loads in the distribution network according to the regulation capability after the fault is isolated, and restores power supply to the non-fault power outage area based on the classification. The present invention effectively uses the coordinated self-adaptation control method between the master station and the terminal to realize the rapid location, isolation and recovery of intelligent distribution network faults, thereby improving the efficiency and accuracy of fault location. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the distribution network fault processing method of the present invention in which the master station and the terminal cooperate and adapt to each other;

[0043] Figure 2 It is a flowchart of the fault handling of the master station;

[0044] Figure 3 It is a simple distribution network structure diagram containing distributed power sources;

[0045] Figure 4 It is a fault location Petri net model for distribution networks containing distributed generation;

[0046] Figure 5 This is a flowchart for restoring power supply to non-fault power outage areas.

[0047] Figure 6 It is a block diagram of the distribution network fault processing system of the present invention in which the master station and the terminal cooperate and adapt to each other. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these descriptions are only exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, in the following description, the description of well-known structures and technologies is omitted to avoid unnecessary confusion of the concept of the present invention.

[0049] The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. According to one embodiment of the present invention, a method for handling distribution network faults in a coordinated and adaptive manner between a master station and a terminal is provided. The flowchart of the method is shown in FIG. Figure 1 As shown, the method provided in this embodiment, when a fault occurs in the distribution network, adopts a corresponding coordinated control method to handle the fault according to the configuration of the terminal in the fault area, so as to improve the efficiency of fault handling. Specifically, it includes the following steps:

[0050] S1. When a distribution network fault occurs, receive the fault information and fault handling results or fault information uploaded by the terminal where the fault occurs. According to the different terminal types, they are divided into distribution terminals with protection functions, such as terminals equipped with optical fiber differential protection, failure protection, and low current grounding protection; and distribution terminals without protection functions, such as some older distribution terminals without protection equipment.

[0051] S2. According to the received fault information and the fault handling result, or the fault information, it is determined whether the fault is handled by the master station or the terminal. The determination process is as follows:

[0052] S21. If only fault information is received, the fault is handled by the master station;

[0053] S22. If the received information is fault information and a fault handling result, determine whether the fault handling of the terminal is correct according to the fault information and the fault handling result. If so, the fault is handled by the terminal; if not, the fault is handled by the master station;

[0054] If the judgment result is that the processing is performed by the main station, step S3 is executed; if the judgment result is that the processing is performed by the terminal, the process jumps to step S4.

[0055] Among them, if the distribution terminal where the fault occurs does not have a protection function, then when a distribution network fault occurs, only the collected fault information is uploaded, and the master station implements the fault processing. If the distribution terminal where the fault is located has a protection function, it can determine the type of distribution network fault, locate the fault and isolate the fault through its own fault processing algorithm based on the collected fault information. In this case, the fault will be directly processed when the distribution network fault occurs, and the fault processing result will be uploaded to the master station. For example, optical fiber differential protection: when a fault occurs, the current difference is obtained by collecting the current values ​​at the beginning and end of the line. When the difference is greater than the set value, the differential protection action is triggered, and the switches at the beginning and end of the line are tripped to isolate the fault. If the distribution terminal where the fault is located has a protection function, but the fault cannot be processed based on the collected fault information, the master station can determine whether the terminal has a fault based on the abnormal information obtained in real time. If it is determined that there is a fault, but the terminal protection does not act, the master station determines that the terminal has not correctly processed the fault. If the fault is handled incorrectly, it will be determined that the fault is still handled by the master station based on the uploaded fault processing result.

[0056] S3. The master station generates a fault information sequence based on the received fault information, obtains a fault location model based on the fault section location rule, obtains the fault section based on the fault information sequence and the fault location model, and isolates the fault. Based on the characteristics of the distribution network including multiple active loads, the flow chart of the master station's fault processing is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the specific steps include:

[0057] According to the topological structure of the distribution network, each switch node is encoded, and the reference positive direction of the distribution network model is specified. The encoding method is as follows: According to the fault information uploaded by the terminal, the switch places through which the fault current flows are allocated, and the encoding criteria for the transition are specified: the places through which the fault current flows are correspondingly allocated transitions and encoded as 1; no transition is allocated if there is no overcurrent information, that is, it is encoded as 0. Among them, the place is a concept in the Petri net, and a place is a basic element of the Petri net. The switch place refers to a network node in the fault processing network model. Transition refers to the rules for fault judgment. If the corresponding place meets the rule, a transition will occur, that is, the state of the place will change.

[0058] The fault information sequence is generated according to the encoding result and the positive direction: according to the bidirectional power supply characteristics of the same branch of the distribution network, the current direction of the switch depot is calibrated as the positive direction when a certain active load is powered alone. The fault information sequence is represented by the fault information detected by each switch node. Each element g in the fault information sequence i The definition of is as follows: If a fault current is detected and the current direction is consistent with the positive direction, g i =1; when no fault current is detected gi =0; when a fault current is detected and the current direction is opposite to the positive direction g i =-1.

[0059] Formulate fault location rules based on fault information. The fault location rules are as follows:

[0060] Rule 1: Determine whether all the output switch nodes adjacent to a certain switch node have positive fault information. If any switch node has positive fault information, then the section surrounded by this switch node and all the output switch nodes is determined to be a non-fault section, otherwise it is a fault section;

[0061] Rule 2: Determine whether all input switch nodes of a switch node have reverse fault information or whether all T-connected switch nodes have forward fault information. If any switch node has the above fault information, the section surrounded by this switch node and all output switch nodes and T-connected switch nodes is determined to be a non-fault section, otherwise it is a fault section.

[0062] According to the fault location rule, a Petri network fault location model for each area of ​​the distribution network is built. The fault location process is as follows:

[0063] According to the topological structure of the distribution network, each switch node is encoded;

[0064] Specifies the positive direction of the distribution network model;

[0065] generating a fault information sequence according to the encoding result and the positive direction;

[0066] According to the corresponding sequence of the corresponding library places (trigger conditions) in the model, the initial identification of all library places in the fault location model is determined;

[0067] When the state of a place in the model changes (or is inconsistent with the initial state), a transition is triggered. A transition is a judgment rule for fault handling. When all the conditions required by the rule are met, the ignition is triggered and the next level of fault handling logic is entered.

[0068] Determine whether the triggering of all transitions is completed. If not, return to the previous step; if yes, proceed to the next step;

[0069] According to the number of tokens in the network place, the fault section location result is obtained (Token refers to the fault analysis result obtained through Petri net).

[0070] The following combination Figure 3 A simple distribution network structure is shown to illustrate fault handling. Figure 3 Medium H G is the power supply side circuit breaker, H DGThe circuit breaker is on the distributed power supply side, k1~k8 represents switches, and sections l1~l8 divide the line into sections. First, the direction from the system power supply to the end of the system is defined as the positive direction, as shown by the arrow direction in the figure. The advantage of defining the positive direction in this way is that the influence of the distributed power supply capacity and access position on the fault location can be ignored.

[0071] according to Figure 3 A simple distribution network in the field of fault location is established as follows: Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 The meaning of each place in is shown in Table 1.

[0072] Table 1 Meaning of places in Petri net model

[0073]

[0074]

[0075] Figure 4 In the library G ,s2, The overcurrent information flowing through is in the positive direction, and the storage place s DG ,s3, The overcurrent information flowing through the fault section l2 is in the opposite direction. According to the fault information flowing through the fault section l2 is [11-1-1-1-100], the corresponding sequence of the corresponding library is

[0076] After allocating the transitions according to whether there is a fault or not, we get the initial identifier M0 = [1,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,1,0,0] T , the transitions that meet the trigger conditions are t1 and t3, then M0[t1>M1, M1=[0,1,0,0,0,1,1,0,1,0,0] T ;M1[t2>M2, M2=[0,0,0,0,1,1,1,0,1,0,0] T As the transitions continue to meet the triggering conditions, the flags follow the updated distribution, and the final state of the system is M3 = [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1] T , it can be concluded that the fault section is l2.

[0077] S4. For active loads in the distribution network, restore power supply to non-fault power outage areas according to classification and power supply strategy. The flowchart of this step is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, this can be achieved by taking the following steps:

[0078] S41, determine whether there is a boundary tie line in the non-fault power outage area, if yes, execute step S42; if not, execute step S43; wherein the boundary tie line refers to the tie line for the distributed power source to connect to the main power grid for power generation, and the tie line can be used to connect the distributed power source to the grid and off the grid;

[0079] S42, determining whether the active loads include the third type of active loads, if yes, executing step S421; if no, executing step S422;

[0080] S421, using the boundary tie line to restore power supply and control the third type of active load to be reconnected to the grid for power generation;

[0081] S422, using the boundary tie line to restore power supply, controlling the first type of active load to be disconnected from the grid, and re-supplying the second type of active load;

[0082] S43, determining whether the active loads include the third type of active loads, if yes, executing step S431; if no, executing step S442;

[0083] S431, control the third type of active load to operate in an island mode within its capacity range;

[0084] S432, control the non-fault power outage area to lose power.

[0085] Among them, active loads are, for example, distributed power sources. According to the active and reactive power regulation capabilities of distributed power sources, distributed power sources can be classified into three categories. The first category includes active loads that are not equipped with energy storage devices and reactive power regulation devices, such as wind turbines and photovoltaic power generation equipment that are not equipped with energy storage devices and reactive power regulation devices. Their output is random and they have no active and reactive power regulation capabilities. They are directly disconnected from the grid in a fault state. The second category includes active loads equipped with energy storage devices and reactive power regulation devices, such as wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation equipment that are equipped with energy storage devices and reactive power regulation devices and can adjust the active and reactive power output within a certain range. Such active loads can continue to be connected to the grid under distribution network failures and can be used as negative load nodes to participate in path optimization calculations. The third category includes synchronous generators with adjustable excitation voltage or wind-light-storage joint dispatching power generation equipment equipped with reactive power regulation devices. Such active loads can continue to be connected to the grid under distribution network failures and can be used as backup power sources during island operation.

[0086] In addition, the master station can also obtain distribution network fault information from the external information fusion system to provide data support for fault handling. Among them, the external information fusion system can include, for example, a distribution automation system, a dispatching automation system, a generation management system, and a power consumption information collection system. The master station can obtain distribution network information (including fault information) from the above systems through the information exchange bus using multi-source data fusion technology to provide data support for fault handling. Among them, the types of distribution network information provided by each external information fusion system are shown in Table 2. In this embodiment, a power grid public model extension method based on the CIM model is adopted to be compatible with data from multiple business systems of the distribution network and realize multi-source fusion of data. To ensure the compatibility of multi-source data during the fusion process, data conflicts can be reduced by unifying the data structure. In order to avoid decision-making errors due to data anomalies during fault identification and recovery, analysis is performed on the data of each fused system, which can be implemented as follows:

[0087] (1) Real-time data identification method

[0088] Data state estimation is a redundant data processing method that has been applied in power grid data verification. It mainly determines the rationality of measurement data, identifies contradictory measurements, quickly distinguishes and eliminates mutation data and contradictory data, and can supplement insufficient measurement data that cannot be collected due to various reasons through evaluation calculations, thereby effectively improving the consistency and accuracy of measurement data and providing a compatible mature data set for other advanced analysis application functions. In actual calculations, if there are anomalies in the unified power grid basic information data extracted by the two systems, the historical data of the same period can be extracted based on the redundancy of a large amount of historical data to evaluate and calculate the measurement value, and mutual verification of electricity and active power measurements can be carried out at the same node. When there are approximate measurement results, the approximate measurement results are selected, and when there are no approximate results, the evaluation value is used to make up for it.

[0089] (2) Grid fault data identification method

[0090] When a real fault occurs in the power grid, the protection rules of the power grid fault equipment are triggered, the protection outlet trips, and the related switches around the equipment also perform related actions. Based on the basic action rules of the power grid fault equipment, a power grid fault model can be constructed to comprehensively reflect the action rules of the equipment after various faults occur. This can be used to reversely compare the switch action, flow changes, signal display, protection alarm and other information, and determine the reliability and authenticity of the accident information based on the degree of comparison, thereby realizing the correctness identification of the alarm information.

[0091] For example, when a distribution network line is tripped due to a ground short circuit, the signal action conditions at both ends of the trip line are comprehensively counted, which usually generates multiple equipment displacement and protection action information. For example, the first set of protection action signals, the second set of protection output trip signals, and the interval accident total signal. Therefore, when the equipment fault signal is monitored, the fault information discrimination rule can be activated, and the trigger time of the first accident signal is used as the section to perform rule verification on all collected signals within a certain time range. If the rule signal matches a high degree, it can be judged as power grid fault information. If the power grid fault rule signal matches a low degree, it is classified as an invalid alarm signal, thereby realizing the preliminary judgment of the power grid fault information. Based on this model, the main fault equipment of the distribution network is comprehensively classified and the equipment fault rule library is constructed. The equipment action mechanism, i.e., the action rules, under various fault environments are fully clarified. The matching degree of the distribution network equipment fault action signal is compared as the main rule identification method to realize the comprehensive discrimination and screening of the distribution network fault signal.

[0092] Table 2 Types of distribution network information provided by each external information fusion system

[0093]

[0094] According to another embodiment of the present invention, a distribution network fault processing system with coordinated self-adaptation between a master station and a terminal is provided. The system is shown in the block diagram. Figure 6As shown, it includes the distribution network self-healing master station layer, the distribution network communication layer, and the distributed self-healing terminal layer. The distribution network fault handling system is divided into the self-healing master station layer and the distributed self-healing terminal layer to realize the effective synergy between the master station centralized self-healing control layer and the distributed terminal self-healing control layer. The self-healing master station layer mainly realizes the control process of self-perception, self-diagnosis, self-decision-making, and self-recovery. The self-healing terminal layer realizes the self-perception and diagnosis functions of the system, accepts and executes the commands issued by the master station, and the rapid on-site protection and recovery control after the fault. Among them, the self-decision-making function of the self-healing master station layer includes: when a distribution network fault occurs, the fault type is determined, the fault is located, and the fault is isolated according to the collected distribution network fault information, and the obtained fault handling results are sent to the distribution network self-healing master station layer through the distribution network communication layer; or, the collected distribution network fault information is sent to the distribution network self-healing master station layer. The distributed self-healing terminal layer may include, for example, a protection control module and a fault processing module; wherein, the protection control module is based on the principle of relay protection. If the terminal meets the fault processing conditions, it drives the corresponding fault processing module to handle the fault in a timely and accurate manner; the fault processing module may include, for example, a fault isolation unit, a fault ranging and positioning unit, and a fault phase selection unit. The fault isolation unit may isolate the fault section from the distribution network, the fault ranging and positioning unit may locate the fault point according to the collected electrical quantity information, and the fault phase selection unit may determine the fault type and fault phase, thereby realizing the analysis and processing of distribution network faults.

[0095] In addition, other functions of the master layer include:

[0096] Self-perception: In addition to obtaining data from the terminal, the master station layer can also obtain distribution network information from other systems through the information exchange bus, such as the dispatching automation system (EMS), dispatching automation system, power consumption information collection system, and production management system, thereby realizing intelligent distribution network analysis, distribution network operation monitoring, distributed power supply monitoring, and integration of other system information.

[0097] Self-diagnosis: responsible for system risk assessment and vulnerability assessment, identifying and classifying operating status, and then providing online intelligent early warning and other functions. Through the system's online self-diagnosis, it can monitor and discover potential risks in real time, providing a basis for distribution network status maintenance and self-healing control decisions.

[0098] Self-determination: Completed by the decision-making layer, it determines the corresponding control model and means for different operating states, and uses the corresponding self-healing control strategy to determine the final self-healing plan.

[0099] Self-recovery: It is divided into two types: centralized control by the main station and local control by the terminal. When the system is in an alert state or fails, the distributed terminal first quickly completes risk prevention and control or fault handling on site according to the preset logical instructions; when the distributed terminal control fails, the self-healing control main station reconstructs and recovers the entire network.

[0100] The distribution network self-healing master station layer determines whether the fault is handled by the master station or the terminal based on the received fault information and fault handling results, or the fault information, and when the judgment result is that the fault is handled by the master station, generates a fault information sequence based on the received fault information, obtains a fault location model based on the fault section location rule, and derives the fault section based on the fault information sequence and the fault location model and isolates the fault; the distribution network self-healing master station layer also restores power supply to non-fault power outage areas for active loads in the distribution network according to classification and power supply strategies.

[0101] In summary, the present invention relates to a distribution network fault processing method and system with coordinated self-adaptation between a master station and a terminal, in which fault processing of the master station and the terminal is allocated according to a fault processing strategy, a distribution network fault location model is used to locate the fault during the master station processing, and after the fault is isolated, the active loads in the distribution network are classified according to the adjustment capability and the power supply is restored to the non-fault power outage area according to the classification. The present invention effectively uses the coordinated self-adaptation control method between the master station and the terminal to realize the rapid location, isolation and recovery of intelligent distribution network faults, thereby improving the efficiency and accuracy of fault location.

[0102] It should be understood that the above specific embodiments of the present invention are only used to illustrate or explain the principles of the present invention, and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. In addition, the appended claims of the present invention are intended to cover all changes and modifications that fall within the scope and boundaries of the appended claims, or the equivalent forms of such scope and boundaries.

Claims

1. A distribution network fault processing method with coordinated self-adaptation between a master station and a terminal, characterized in that: Includes steps: S1. When a distribution network fault occurs, receive the fault information and fault handling results or fault information uploaded by the terminal where the fault occurs; S2. According to the received fault information and the fault handling result, or the fault information, it is determined whether the fault is handled by the master station or the terminal. If the fault is handled by the master station, step S3 is executed. If it is terminal processing, jump to step S4; S3, generating a fault information sequence according to the received fault information, obtaining a fault location model according to a fault section location rule, obtaining a fault section according to the fault information sequence and the fault location model, and isolating the fault; S4. For active loads in the distribution network, according to the classification and power supply strategy, restore power supply to the non-fault power outage area after the terminal fault is processed in step S1 or after the master station fault is isolated in step S3, including: S41, determining whether there is a boundary connection line in the non-fault power outage area, if yes, executing step S42; if no, executing step S43; S42, determining whether the active loads include the third type of active loads, if yes, executing step S421; if no, executing step S422; S421, using the boundary tie line to restore power supply and control the third type of active load to be reconnected to the grid for power generation; S422, using the boundary tie line to restore power supply, controlling the first type of active load to be disconnected from the grid, and re-supplying the second type of active load; S43, determining whether the active loads include the third type of active loads, if yes, executing step S431; if no, executing step S442; S431, control the third type of active load to operate in an island mode within its capacity range; S432, controlling the non-fault power outage area to lose power; Among them, the first type of active load includes active loads that are not equipped with energy storage devices and reactive power regulation devices; the second type of active load includes active loads that are equipped with energy storage devices and reactive power regulation devices; the third type of active load includes synchronous generators with adjustable excitation voltage or jointly dispatched power generation equipment equipped with reactive power regulation devices.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The fault handling results uploaded by the terminal come from: The terminal with fault handling function performs fault type determination, fault location and fault isolation processing according to the collected distribution network fault information to obtain the fault handling result.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The determining, based on the received fault information and the fault processing result, or the fault information, whether the fault is processed by the master station or the terminal includes: S21. If only fault information is received, the fault is handled by the master station; S22. If the received information is fault information and a fault handling result, determine whether the fault handling of the terminal is correct according to the fault information and the fault handling result. If so, the fault is handled by the terminal; if not, the fault is handled by the master station.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The generating of the fault information sequence according to the received fault information comprises: According to the topological structure of the distribution network, each switch node is encoded; Specifies the positive direction of the distribution network model; A fault information sequence is generated according to the encoding result and the positive direction.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The acquiring of the fault location model according to the fault section location rule comprises: Formulate fault location rules based on fault information; According to the fault location rule, a Petri network fault location model for each area of ​​the distribution network is constructed.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that Determining the fault section according to the fault information sequence and the fault location model includes: According to the corresponding sequence of the corresponding library places in the model, the initial identification of all the library places in the fault location model is determined; When the state of a place in the model changes, a transition is triggered; Determine whether the triggering of all transitions is completed. If not, return to the previous step; if yes, proceed to the next step; According to the number of tokens in the network library, the fault section location result is obtained.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Also includes the steps: Obtain distribution network fault information from the external information fusion system to provide data support for fault handling.

8. A distribution network fault processing system with coordinated self-adaptation between a master station and a terminal, characterized in that: It includes the distribution network self-healing master station layer, the distribution network communication layer, and the distributed self-healing terminal layer; among them, When a distribution network fault occurs, the distributed self-healing terminal layer determines the fault type, locates the fault, and isolates the fault according to the collected distribution network fault information, and sends the obtained fault processing result to the distribution network self-healing master station layer through the distribution network communication layer; or sends the collected distribution network fault information to the distribution network self-healing master station layer; The distribution network self-healing master station layer determines whether the fault is handled by the master station or the terminal according to the received fault information and the fault handling result or the fault information, and when the judgment result is that the fault is handled by the master station, generates a fault information sequence according to the received fault information, obtains a fault location model according to the fault section location rule, obtains the fault section according to the fault information sequence and the fault location model, and isolates the fault; The distribution network self-healing master station layer also performs power restoration processing for non-fault power outage areas according to classification and power supply strategy for active loads in the distribution network, including: S41, determining whether there is a boundary connection line in the non-fault power outage area, if yes, executing step S42; if no, executing step S43; S42, determining whether the active loads include the third type of active loads, if yes, executing step S421; if no, executing step S422; S421, using the boundary tie line to restore power supply and control the third type of active load to be reconnected to the grid for power generation; S422, using the boundary tie line to restore power supply, controlling the first type of active load to be disconnected from the grid, and re-supplying the second type of active load; S43, determining whether the active loads include the third type of active loads, if yes, executing step S431; if no, executing step S442; S431, control the third type of active load to operate in an island mode within its capacity range; S432, controlling the non-fault power outage area to lose power; Among them, the first type of active load includes active loads that are not equipped with energy storage devices and reactive power regulation devices; the second type of active load includes active loads that are equipped with energy storage devices and reactive power regulation devices; the third type of active load includes synchronous generators with adjustable excitation voltage or jointly dispatched power generation equipment equipped with reactive power regulation devices.

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