A multi-stage retarder

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of mechanical transmission technology, and particularly relates to a multi-stage retardation device. The multi-stage retardation device includes: a sealing assembly, a stator, a rotor assembly, and a medium adjustment assembly; there is liquid in the sealing assembly, the stator and the rotor assembly are combined into a positive displacement pump, a throttle orifice is provided at the liquid outlet of the positive displacement pump, and the medium adjustment assembly changes the throttling damping effect of the throttle orifice by adjusting the viscosity of the medium. The rotor assembly is connected to an external component to be retarded, and the external component to be retarded drives the rotor assembly to rotate, generating high pressure at the liquid outlet, and generating resistance under the throttling effect of the throttle orifice. The mechanical energy of the rotor assembly is converted into the pressure potential energy of the liquid and then into heat energy to generate braking force. The multi-stage retardation assembly provided by the present invention uses the mechanical energy of the component to be retarded itself for energy conversion to achieve retardation braking, and has remarkable energy-saving effects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mechanical transmission, and particularly relates to a multi-stage retarder device. Background Art

[0002] There are many intersections on urban roads, dense bus stops, and large passenger flows, so buses often need to brake frequently; mountain roads are steep and have many sharp turns, and medium and large-sized trucks and buses traveling on mountain sections for a long time also often need to brake.

[0003] When the brake works frequently for a long time, it will cause rapid wear of the brake shoe, short service life of the brake friction plate, and loss of braking force or significant decline in braking performance due to brake heat fade, which also becomes the main cause of traffic accidents. Therefore, it is very necessary to equip an auxiliary braking system.

[0004] As an auxiliary braking component of a vehicle, a retarder reduces the load on the original vehicle's braking system by acting on the original vehicle's transmission system, so that the vehicle decelerates evenly, thereby improving the reliability of the vehicle's braking system, extending the service life of the braking system, and significantly reducing the vehicle's use cost.

[0005] Currently, the common eddy current retarder needs to be equipped with a powerful electromagnetic induction device, which is large in size, heavy in body, consumes a large amount of electric energy, and is greatly affected by the surrounding environmental temperature, making it inconvenient to use. Summary of the Invention

[0006] (1) The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the existing eddy current retarder consumes a large amount of energy.

[0007] (2) Technical Solution

[0008] To solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-stage retarder device, including: a sealing component, a stator, a rotor component, and a medium adjustment component;

[0009] A sealing cavity is provided inside the sealing component;

[0010] The stator is arranged inside the sealing component and fixedly connected to the sealing component; the rotor component penetrates through the sealing component and the rotor component at the same time, and the rotor component is rotatably connected to the sealing component;

[0011] The sealing assembly contains liquid. The stator and the rotor assembly are combined into a positive displacement pump. A throttling orifice is provided at the liquid outlet of the positive displacement pump. A working chamber is formed between the rotor assembly and the stator. The rotor assembly is connected to an external component to be decelerated. The external component to be decelerated drives the rotor assembly to rotate. The rotation of the rotor assembly causes the pressure in the working chamber to change, generating high pressure at the liquid outlet. Resistance is generated under the throttling effect of the throttling orifice. The mechanical energy of the rotor assembly is converted into the pressure potential energy of the liquid and then into heat energy to generate braking force.

[0012] The medium adjustment assembly changes the viscosity of the liquid in the sealing assembly, increasing the braking force by increasing the viscosity of the liquid and decreasing the braking force by decreasing the viscosity of the liquid.

[0013] In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the medium adjustment assembly includes magnetorheological fluid medium, electromagnetic coil and a first controller.

[0014] The first controller is electrically connected to the electromagnetic coil. The first controller adjusts the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid medium by controlling the working power of the electromagnetic coil, thereby affecting the strength of the damping effect of the throttling orifice and controlling the magnitude of the deceleration braking force.

[0015] In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the rotor assembly further includes a permanent magnet.

[0016] The permanent magnet is arranged at the main body position of the positive displacement pump to preliminarily intervene in the magnetorheological fluid medium in the positive displacement pump. The electromagnetic coil is arranged at the throttling orifice to precisely control the concentration of the magnetorheological fluid medium flowing through the throttling orifice.

[0017] In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the electromagnetic coil is arranged to surround the circumferential side of the sealing assembly.

[0018] In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, a limiting protrusion and / or a limiting groove are provided on the outer side of the sealing assembly.

[0019] The limiting protrusion penetrates through the electromagnetic coil to prevent relative slippage of the electromagnetic coil.

[0020] The limiting groove houses the electromagnetic coil. The shape and size of the limiting groove match those of the electromagnetic coil. The electromagnetic coil is arranged in the limiting groove, and the limiting groove limits and protects the electromagnetic coil. Or, the size of the limiting groove is smaller than that of the electromagnetic coil, and the limiting groove fixes the electromagnetic coil by locally limiting the electromagnetic coil.

[0021] In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the stator and the rotor assembly are combined into a positive displacement pump, which is a screw pump, and the lubricating medium of the screw pump is a magnetorheological fluid medium.

[0022] In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the medium regulating assembly includes a thermorheological fluid medium, a temperature regulator, and a second controller;

[0023] The second controller is electrically connected to the temperature regulator;

[0024] The second controller adjusts the output temperature of the temperature regulator according to the usage requirements, that is, sets the viscosity of the thermorheological fluid medium.

[0025] In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the medium regulating assembly further includes a temperature sensor, and the temperature sensor is electrically connected to the second controller;

[0026] The temperature sensor continuously detects the temperature of the thermorheological fluid medium and feeds back the detection information to the second controller;

[0027] The temperature regulator has the functions of refrigeration and heating. The second controller adjusts the working state and the conveying power of the temperature regulator according to the requirements of slow-speed operation and the information fed back by the temperature sensor.

[0028] In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the multi-stage speed reduction device further includes an air-cooled heat exchanger. The air-cooled heat exchanger is in liquid communication with the sealing assembly. The air-cooled heat exchanger preliminarily controls the temperature of the liquid flowing through the rotor assembly, and the temperature regulator performs secondary temperature control.

[0029] In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the multi-stage speed reduction device further includes an air introduction assembly;

[0030] The air introduction assembly introduces air into the sealing assembly. When the air introduction assembly introduces air into the sealing assembly, the medium regulating assembly stops introducing liquid into the sealing assembly, and at this time, the multi-stage speed reduction device terminates the speed reduction operation.

[0031] Advantages of the present invention:

[0032] The multi-stage retarder provided by the present invention includes: a sealing assembly, a stator, a rotor assembly, and a medium adjusting assembly; a sealing cavity is provided inside the sealing assembly; the stator is arranged inside the sealing assembly and fixedly connected to the sealing assembly; the rotor assembly penetrates through the sealing assembly and the rotor assembly at the same time, and the rotor assembly is rotatably connected to the sealing assembly; there is liquid inside the sealing assembly, the stator and the rotor assembly are combined into a positive displacement pump, a throttle hole is provided at the liquid outlet of the positive displacement pump, a working cavity is formed between the rotor assembly and the stator, the rotor assembly is connected to an external component to be retarded, the external component to be retarded drives the rotor assembly to rotate, the rotation of the rotor assembly causes the pressure in the working cavity to change, a high pressure is formed at the liquid outlet, and a resistance is generated under the throttling effect of the throttle hole, and the mechanical energy of the rotor assembly is converted into the pressure potential energy of the liquid and then into heat energy to generate braking force; the medium adjusting assembly changes the viscosity of the liquid inside the sealing assembly, increases the braking force by increasing the viscosity of the liquid, and reduces the braking force by reducing the viscosity of the liquid.

[0033] In the multi-stage retarder provided by the present invention, the rotor assembly and the stator are combined into a positive displacement pump, and an external component to be retarded is connected to the rotor assembly to drive the rotor assembly to rotate, that is, to drive the rotor assembly and the stator to be combined into a positive displacement pump for conveying operation. During the process of the positive displacement pump conveying liquid, the pressure change in the working cavity of the positive displacement pump causes the fluid medium to flow in the circuit and generates a large resistance, thereby generating a braking torque; compared with the existing eddy current retarder that provides braking force through electromagnetic induction coils, the required energy consumption is significantly less. In addition, the multi-stage retarder provided by the present invention can adjust the liquid viscosity through the medium adjusting assembly, and then adjust the output intensity of the retarder operation, which has the characteristics of energy saving and flexible use while. Using the drive axle half shaft as the driving screw of a single-screw rotor or a double-screw rotor, the differential chamber as the oil storage chamber of the retarder, and magnetorheological fluid as the medium, and using an electromagnetic coil to control the magnetic field, a high-frequency controllable braking force can be obtained, which can be used in combination with the main brake during deceleration to reduce the wear of the main brake. When going down a long slope, it is used in combination with the retarder. The retarder arranged behind the gearbox can use a low-power retarder. Description of the Drawings

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0035] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the multi-stage retarder provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Icon:

[0037] 1 - Sealing assembly; 11 - Axle housing; 12 - Flange; 13 - Liquid inlet; 14 - Liquid outlet;

[0038] 2 - Stator;

[0039] 3 - Rotor assembly;

[0040] 4 - Medium regulating assembly; 41 - Electromagnetic coil. Specific implementation manner

[0041] In order to more clearly understand the above - mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation manners. Without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0042] As Figure 1 shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a multi - stage retarder, including: a sealing assembly 1, a stator 2, a rotor assembly 3, and a medium regulating assembly 4;

[0043] A sealing cavity is provided inside the sealing assembly 1;

[0044] The stator 2 is arranged inside the sealing assembly 1 and fixedly connected to the sealing assembly 1; the rotor assembly 3 penetrates through both the sealing assembly 1 and the stator 2, and the rotor assembly 3 is rotatably connected to the sealing assembly 1;

[0045] There is liquid inside the sealing assembly. The stator and the rotor assembly form a positive displacement pump. A throttle orifice is provided at the liquid outlet of the positive displacement pump. A working chamber is formed between the rotor assembly and the stator. The rotor assembly is connected to an external component to be retarded. The external component to be retarded drives the rotor assembly to rotate. The rotation of the rotor assembly causes the pressure in the working chamber to change, forming a high pressure at the liquid outlet. Under the throttling effect of the throttle orifice, resistance is generated. The mechanical energy of the rotor assembly is converted into the pressure potential energy of the liquid and then into heat energy to generate braking force;

[0046] The medium regulating assembly 4 changes the viscosity of the liquid inside the sealing assembly 1, increases the braking force by increasing the viscosity of the liquid, and reduces the braking force by reducing the viscosity of the liquid.

[0047] In the multi-stage retarder provided by the present invention, the rotor assembly 3 and the stator 2 are combined into a positive displacement pump. An external component to be retarded is connected to the rotor assembly 3 to drive the rotation of the rotor assembly 3, that is, to drive the rotor assembly 3 and the stator 2 to be combined into a positive displacement pump for conveying operations. During the process of the positive displacement pump conveying liquid, the pressure change in the working chamber of the positive displacement pump causes the fluid medium to flow in the loop and form a pressure difference between the inlet and outlet medium chambers, generating a large resistance, thereby generating a braking torque. Compared with the existing eddy current retarder that provides braking force through an electromagnetic induction coil, the required energy consumption is significantly less. In addition, the multi-stage retarder provided by the present invention can regulate the viscosity of the liquid through the medium regulating component 4, and then adjust the output intensity of the retarder operation, which has the characteristics of flexibility in use while saving energy.

[0048] As an optional implementation manner of the present invention, the medium regulating component 4 includes magnetorheological fluid medium, an electromagnetic coil 41, and a first controller;

[0049] The first controller is electrically connected to the electromagnetic coil 41. The first controller adjusts the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid medium by controlling the working power of the electromagnetic coil 41, thereby affecting the damping effect strength of the throttle hole and controlling the magnitude of the retardation braking force.

[0050] Specifically, the electromagnetic coil 41 is arranged outside the sealing component 1, reducing interference with the rotor assembly 3 and facilitating installation and maintenance.

[0051] The electromagnetic coil 41 is arranged to surround the circumferential side of the sealing component 1. The central axis of the electromagnetic coil 41 coincides with the central axis of the positive displacement pump formed by the combination of the stator 2 and the rotor assembly 3. The rotor assembly 3 is parallel to the magnetic field direction inside the electromagnetic coil 41; or, a set of planar electromagnetic plates is arranged on the upper and lower (or left and right) sides of the sealing component 1, and a parallel magnetic field is generated by this set of planar electromagnetic plates. The extension direction of the rotor assembly 3 is perpendicular to the parallel magnetic field direction. The magnetic force adjustment intensity received by the magnetorheological fluid medium outside the rotor assembly 3 is the same, which can realize unified regulation of the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid medium and is beneficial to improving the adjustment accuracy.

[0052] In an optional implementation manner of the present invention, the combination of the stator and the rotor assembly into a positive displacement pump is a screw pump, wherein the lubricating medium of the screw pump is a magnetorheological fluid medium, and the differential housing of the vehicle to be installed is used as a storage device to store the magnetorheological fluid medium.

[0053] As an optional implementation manner of the present invention, the rotor assembly 3 further includes a permanent magnet;

[0054] The permanent magnet is arranged at the main body position of the positive displacement pump to preliminarily intervene in the magnetorheological fluid medium in the positive displacement pump; the electromagnetic coil 41 is arranged at the throttle orifice to accurately regulate the concentration of the magnetorheological fluid medium flowing through the throttle orifice.

[0055] As an optional implementation manner of the present invention, a limiting protrusion and / or a limiting groove are arranged on the outer side of the sealing assembly;

[0056] The limiting protrusion penetrates through the electromagnetic coil 41 to prevent the electromagnetic coil 41 from undergoing relative slippage;

[0057] The limiting groove houses the electromagnetic coil 41, and the shape and size of the limiting groove match those of the electromagnetic coil 41. The electromagnetic coil 41 is arranged in the limiting groove, and the limiting groove limits and protects the electromagnetic coil 41; or, the limiting groove is smaller than the electromagnetic coil 41, and the electromagnetic coil 41 is fixed by locally limiting the electromagnetic coil 41.

[0058] Specifically, the sealing assembly 1 is composed of splicing multiple sections of axle housings 11 of a vehicle drive axle, and a flange 12 is arranged at the docking position between each section of axle housing 11; on the axle housing 11, a liquid inlet 13 and a liquid outlet 14 for liquid to enter and exit are also arranged, and the liquid inlet 13 and the liquid outlet 14 protrude from the surface of the sealing assembly 1 for facilitating connection with external pipelines. Here, the flange 12, the liquid inlet 13, and the liquid outlet 14 are limiting protrusions; the groove between the flange 12, the liquid inlet 13, and the liquid outlet 14 is a limiting groove.

[0059] As an optional implementation manner of the present invention, the medium regulating assembly 4 includes a thermorheological fluid medium, a temperature regulator, and a second controller;

[0060] The second controller is electrically connected to the temperature regulator;

[0061] The second controller adjusts the output temperature of the temperature regulator according to the usage requirements, that is, sets the viscosity of the thermorheological fluid medium.

[0062] As an optional implementation manner of the present invention, the medium regulating assembly 4 further includes a temperature sensor;

[0063] The temperature sensor is electrically connected to the second controller;

[0064] The temperature sensor continuously detects the temperature of the thermorheological fluid medium and feeds back the detection information to the second controller;

[0065] The temperature regulator has refrigeration and heating capabilities. The second controller adjusts the working state and delivery power of the temperature regulator according to the needs of slow-speed operation and the information fed back by the temperature sensor.

[0066] As an optional embodiment of the present invention, the multi-stage speed reduction device further includes an air-cooled heat exchanger, which is in liquid communication with the sealing assembly 1. The air-cooled heat exchanger preliminarily controls the temperature of the liquid flowing through the rotor assembly 3, and the temperature regulator performs secondary temperature control. By using the air-cooling method for preliminary temperature control, the energy consumption can be effectively reduced.

[0067] As an optional embodiment of the present invention, the multi-stage speed reduction device further includes an air introduction assembly;

[0068] The air introduction assembly introduces air into the sealing assembly 1. When the air introduction assembly introduces air into the sealing assembly 1, the medium adjustment assembly 4 stops introducing liquid into the sealing assembly 1, and at this time, the multi-stage speed reduction device terminates the speed reduction operation.

[0069] Specifically, the liquid in the medium adjustment assembly 4 is an oil-based liquid. When the speed reduction operation of the multi-stage speed reduction device terminates, the air introduction assembly introduces air into the sealing assembly 1 to replace the original liquid; at this time, a part of the liquid remains in the sealing assembly 1, which plays a lubricating role for the rotor assembly 3. The resistance loss is small and can be ignored. Without changing the mechanical linkage relationship, it can be switched to the no-load state.

[0070] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper" and "lower" is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0071] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installation", "connection", and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the connection inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances. In addition, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise stated, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more.

[0072] The foregoing are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stage speed reduction device, characterized in that, Comprising: A sealing assembly (1), a stator (2), a rotor assembly (3), and a medium regulating assembly (4); A sealing cavity is provided inside the sealing assembly (1); The stator (2) is arranged inside the sealing assembly (1) and fixedly connected to the sealing assembly (1); the rotor assembly (3) penetrates through both the sealing assembly (1) and the rotor assembly (3), and the rotor assembly (3) is rotatably connected to the sealing assembly (1); There is liquid inside the sealing assembly (1). The stator (2) and the rotor assembly (3) form a positive displacement pump. A throttling orifice is provided at the liquid outlet of the positive displacement pump. A working chamber is formed between the rotor assembly (3) and the stator (2). The rotor assembly (3) is connected to an external component to be decelerated. The external component to be decelerated drives the rotor assembly (3) to rotate. The rotation of the rotor assembly (3) causes the pressure in the working chamber to change, forming a high pressure at the liquid outlet (14). Resistance is generated under the throttling effect of the throttling orifice. The mechanical energy of the rotor assembly is converted into the pressure potential energy of the liquid and then into heat energy to generate braking force; The medium regulating assembly (4) changes the viscosity of the liquid inside the sealing assembly (1), increases the braking force by increasing the viscosity of the liquid, and reduces the braking force by decreasing the viscosity of the liquid; The medium regulating assembly (4) includes a magnetorheological fluid medium, an electromagnetic coil (41), and a first controller; The first controller is electrically connected to the electromagnetic coil (41). The first controller adjusts the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid medium by controlling the working power of the electromagnetic coil (41), thereby affecting the strength of the damping effect of the throttling orifice and controlling the magnitude of the deceleration braking force; The rotor assembly (3) further includes a permanent magnet; The permanent magnet is arranged at the main body position of the positive displacement pump to preliminarily intervene in the magnetorheological fluid medium inside the positive displacement pump; the electromagnetic coil (41) is arranged at the throttling orifice to precisely control the concentration of the magnetorheological fluid medium flowing through the throttling orifice.

2. The multi-stage retarder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electromagnetic coil (41) is arranged in a circumferential side around the sealing assembly (1).

3. The multi-stage retarder according to claim 2, characterized in that, Limit protrusions and / or limit grooves are provided on the outer side of the sealing assembly (1); The limit protrusions penetrate through the electromagnetic coil (41) to prevent relative slippage of the electromagnetic coil (41); The limit grooves accommodate the electromagnetic coil (41). The shape and size of the limit grooves match those of the electromagnetic coil (41). The electromagnetic coil (41) is arranged inside the limit grooves, and the limit grooves limit and protect the electromagnetic coil (41); or, the limit grooves are smaller than the electromagnetic coil (41), and the limit grooves fix the electromagnetic coil (41) by locally limiting the electromagnetic coil (41).

4. The multi-stage retarder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stator (2) and the rotor assembly (3) form a positive displacement pump which is a screw pump, and the lubricating medium of the screw pump is a magnetorheological fluid medium.

5. The multi-stage retarder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The medium regulating assembly (4) includes a thermorheological fluid medium, a temperature regulator, and a second controller; The second controller is electrically connected to the temperature regulator; The second controller adjusts the output temperature of the temperature regulator according to the usage requirements, that is, the viscosity of the temperature-variable fluid medium is set.

6. The multi-stage retarder according to claim 5, characterized in that, The medium adjustment assembly (4) further includes a temperature sensor; The temperature sensor is electrically connected to the second controller; The temperature sensor detects the temperature of the temperature-variable fluid medium in real time and feeds back the detection information to the second controller; The temperature regulator has refrigeration and heating capabilities. The second controller adjusts the working state and the magnitude of the conveying power of the temperature regulator according to the slow-speed operation requirements and the information fed back by the temperature sensor.

7. The multi-stage retarder according to claim 5, wherein, The multi-stage slow-down device further includes an air-cooled heat exchanger. The air-cooled heat exchanger is in liquid communication with the sealing assembly (1). The air-cooled heat exchanger performs preliminary temperature control on the liquid flowing through the rotor assembly (3), and the temperature regulator performs secondary temperature control.

8. The multi-stage retarder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-stage slow-down device further includes an air introduction assembly; The air introduction assembly introduces air into the sealing assembly (1). When the air introduction assembly introduces air into the sealing assembly (1), the medium adjustment assembly (4) stops introducing liquid into the sealing assembly (1). At this time, the multi-stage slow-down device terminates the slow-down operation.

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