A tensile specimen marking machine

Abstract

The present invention discloses a tensile specimen marking machine, which belongs to the field of mechanical application technology. The marking machine includes a workbench component, a specimen positioning component, a gauge length determining component and a marking component. The workbench component includes a base and a ruler. There are two rows of inverted trapezoidal slides on the base, which are respectively used to install the specimen positioning component and the gauge length determining component. The ruler is used to determine the gauge length. The specimen positioning component includes a tightening slider, a bracket and a thimble, which are used to fix and tighten the tensile specimen to be marked. The gauge length determining component is used to determine the position of the marking on the specimen. The marking component is used to mark the specimen. The marking machine marks the original gauge length of the tensile specimen by marking before the test, measures the gauge length of the specimen after fracture and calculates the elongation after fracture after the test. It is particularly suitable for the situation where the oxide scale of the high-temperature tensile specimen falls off, resulting in the loss of the marking and the inability to measure the gauge length of the specimen after fracture, thereby improving the validity and accuracy of the elongation measurement result.

Description

Technical field:

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical application, and in particular relates to a tensile specimen marking machine. Background technology:

[0002] Elongation after fracture is a key parameter reflecting the plasticity of a material's tensile properties. Calculating elongation after fracture requires marking the tensile specimen to indicate its original gauge length before testing. After the test, elongation after fracture is calculated using the formula based on the gauge length. Marking accuracy and the legibility of markings on the specimen directly impact the accuracy of elongation measurements. High-temperature tensile performance is a fundamental performance criterion for metal materials used in high-temperature environments, such as aircraft engines, pressure vessels, nuclear power equipment, and thermal pipelines. Due to the high temperatures experienced by the specimen, materials prone to surface oxide scale can easily fall off when the specimen cools to room temperature for gauge length measurement. This can lead to loss of markings and, consequently, failure to measure the gauge length, and, consequently, to determine elongation after fracture. To accurately determine the elongation after fracture of high-temperature tensile specimens, effective marking of the specimen's original gauge length is essential before testing.

[0003] At present, the methods for marking tensile specimens mainly include the following:

[0004] The first method is to draw the gauge line by hand. This method uses a thin ink line to mark the original gauge length. This method is inefficient and has poor accuracy. It is easy to lose the mark during the test. This marking method is not recommended, especially for high-temperature tensile tests.

[0005] The second method is laser marking. Laser marking is used to inscribe fine lines on the tensile specimen. Adjusting the laser power can change the depth of the marking lines. This method is highly efficient and is currently widely used in room temperature tensile testing. However, under high temperature tensile conditions, this marking method can easily lead to mark loss, especially for materials that are prone to thick oxide scale. Once the oxide scale falls off, the mark loss will cause the high temperature tensile test to fail.

[0006] The third method is a semi-mechanical or fully automatic marking method. A mechanical or automatic marking machine is used to mark the original gauge length by making small marks on the specimen. Although this method is less efficient than laser marking for room-temperature tensile testing, it is suitable for high-temperature tensile testing. This method prevents mark loss and improves the effectiveness and accuracy of high-temperature elongation measurements. However, currently available marking machines cannot simultaneously meet the requirements of high marking accuracy, simple structure, low manufacturing cost, and easy maintenance. Summary of the invention:

[0007] The present invention aims to provide a tensile specimen marking machine that effectively marks the original gauge length of tensile specimens. This machine prevents slippage during marking, significantly improving the effectiveness and accuracy of the original gauge length. This is particularly true for high-temperature tensile specimens, as the markings are less likely to be lost. Even after the specimen breaks during high-temperature tensile testing, the markings remain clearly visible, improving the accuracy of elongation measurements.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0009] A tensile specimen marking machine comprises a workbench component, a specimen positioning component, a gauge length determining component and a marking component; wherein: the workbench component comprises a base and a ruler, the base is provided with two inverted trapezoidal slides, namely slide I and slide II, the upper surface of slide I is provided with a strip groove, slide I is used to install the specimen positioning component; the upper surface of slide II is provided with two rectangular grooves, slide II is used to install the gauge length determining component; the ruler is fixed to slide II by a ruler positioning block, and gear grooves of different equal spacing are provided on both sides of the ruler for determining the gauge length; the specimen positioning component comprises a tightening slider and an ejector pin for fixing and tightening the tensile specimen to be marked; the gauge length determining component comprises a calibration slider, a pull rod and a moving handle for determining the position of the punctuation mark on the specimen; the punctuation mark component comprises a punctuation bracket, a rocker, a marking handle and a punctuation pin for punctuating the specimen.

[0010] A groove that is adapted to the trapezoidal structure of slide table I is provided on the bottom surface of the tightening slider. There are two tightening sliders, namely a fine-tuning slider and a movable slider. The fine-tuning slider and the movable slider are both provided with threaded holes on the same side of the groove. The fine-tuning slider and the movable slider can be fixed to slide table I by tightening the slider positioning bolts in the threaded holes.

[0011] The sample positioning component also includes a moving ball, and the ejector pin includes a fine-tuning ejector pin and a movable ejector pin. The moving ball and the fine-tuning ejector pin can be connected by a thread; a through hole is provided on the fine-tuning slider, and the fine-tuning ejector pin can be inserted into the through hole. The exposed length of the ejector pin is adjusted by adjusting the moving ball at the end of the fine-tuning ejector pin, and the fine-tuning ejector pin can be fixed on the fine-tuning slider by tightening the fine-tuning ejector pin positioning bolt.

[0012] The movable slider is provided with an internal stepped through hole with a limiting function, and a movable ejector pin and a compression spring I (ejector compression spring) are installed at one end thereof, and a movable pull button (movable ejector pin pull rod) is installed at the other end. The movable ejector pin and the movable pull button are connected by a thread, forcing the compression spring I between the two to produce elastic deformation to tighten the movable ejector pin; by stretching the movable pull button, the compression spring I is compressed to retract the movable ejector pin into the movable slider; after releasing the movable pull button, the compression spring I restores its elastic deformation to push the movable ejector pin out to tighten the sample.

[0013] The sample positioning component also includes a bracket; the tightening slider has a rectangular groove at the bottom relative to the ejector pin, and the bracket is installed in the rectangular groove to lift the sample so that the ejector pin hole of the sample is exactly coaxial with the ejector pin, thereby preventing the sample from detaching from the ejector pin during the marking process and causing the marking point to slip.

[0014] An inverted trapezoidal groove is provided at the bottom of the calibration slider, which can slide in coordination with the slide table II on the base; brackets with threaded holes are provided on both sides of the calibration slider for installing a moving handle; an inverted trapezoidal boss is provided in the middle of the two brackets of the calibration slider, and a top tooth and a compression spring II (top tooth compression spring) are installed inside one end thereof, and the top tooth is connected to the top tooth pull rod installed at the other end of the inverted trapezoidal boss through a threaded connection, and the top tooth pull rod is connected to the top tooth pull button, and the compression spring II is compressed by stretching the top tooth pull button to retract the top tooth into the calibration slider, and the calibration slider can be slid on the slide table II of the base by moving the handle at the same time. After releasing the pull button, the elastic deformation of the compression spring II is restored, and the compression spring II presses the top tooth into the gear groove on the scale, which is used to fix the calibration slider and determine the gauge length.

[0015] The bottom of the punctuation bracket is provided with an inverted trapezoidal groove, which can slide on the inverted trapezoidal boss on the upper surface of the calibration slider to adjust the position of the punctuation mark on the circumference of the sample. Tightening the punctuation bracket locking bolt can fix the punctuation bracket on the calibration slider; there are two support ears with ball bearings on the top of the punctuation bracket, and the rocker is installed on the bearing rod between the two ball bearings in an interference fit manner; a marking handle is installed at one end of the rocker, and a punctuation needle is installed at the other end. By lifting the marking handle, the rocker is rotated along the bearing rod, and the punctuation needle falls exactly on the sample, thereby punctuating the sample.

[0016] The punctuation needle is fixed to the end of the rocker by a punctuation needle locking bolt. The length of the punctuation needle can be adjusted according to the size of the sample. In addition, as the needle tip becomes blunt with the increase in the number of markings, it can be quickly replaced.

[0017] The advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0018] The marking machine of the present invention is used to mark the original gauge length of the tensile specimen by marking before the test. After the test, the gauge length of the specimen is measured and the elongation after fracture is calculated. It is particularly suitable for the situation where the oxide scale of the high-temperature tensile specimen falls off, resulting in the loss of markings and the inability to measure the gauge length of the specimen after fracture, thereby improving the effectiveness and accuracy of the elongation measurement result. Description of the drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the tensile specimen marking machine of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the workbench components in the tensile specimen marking machine of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the sample positioning component in the tensile sample marking machine of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the calibration components in the tensile specimen marking machine of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the marking components in the tensile specimen marking machine of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the tensile specimen structure.

[0025] Items 101-base; 102-ruler; 103-ruler positioning block; 104-ruler positioning bolt; 111-fine-adjustment slider; 112-fine-adjustment thimble; 113-moving ball; 114-thimble locking bolt; 115-movable slider; 116-movable thimble; 117-movable thimble knob; 118-bracket; 119-slider locking bolt; 1110-thimble compression spring; 1111-sample tensile specimen; 121-calibration slider; 122-moving handle; 123-thimble knob; 124-thimble pull rod; 125-thimble; 126-thimble compression spring; 131-marking bracket; 132-rocker; 133-marking handle; 134-bearing rod; 135-ball bearing; 136-bracket locking bolt; 137-marking pin. 138-Marking needle locking bolt. Specific implementation method:

[0026] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] The punctuation machine of the present invention is mainly aimed at Figure 6 The tensile specimens shown are marked. Figure 1-5 As shown, the tensile specimen marking machine includes a workbench component, a specimen positioning component, a calibration component and a marking component.

[0028] Figure 2 The figure shows an exploded view of the workbench component, which includes a base 101, a ruler 102 and a ruler positioning block 103. The base is provided with two inverted trapezoidal slides, namely slide I and slide II. The upper surface of slide I is provided with a strip groove (the cross section of the inner surface of the groove perpendicular to the length of the slide is an arc). Slide I is used to install the sample positioning component; the upper surface of slide II is provided with two rectangular grooves. Slide II is used to install the scale length determination component. Different equally spaced gear grooves are provided on both sides of the ruler (the gear grooves on each side are equally spaced, but the spacing on both sides is different) for determining the scale length; the ruler is installed on the ruler positioning block and fixed to the base by the ruler positioning bolts 104.

[0029] Figure 3The figure shows an exploded view of the specimen positioning component, which includes a clamping slider, a bracket, and an ejector pin, which are used to fix and clamp the tensile specimen to be marked. The bottom surface of the clamping slider is provided with a groove that adapts to the trapezoidal structure of the slide I. There are two clamping sliders, namely a fine-tuning slider 111 and a movable slider 115. Both sliders are provided with threaded holes on the same side of the groove. The sliders are fixed to the slide I by tightening the slider locking bolts 119 in the threaded holes. The ejector pins include a fine-tuning ejector pin and a movable ejector pin, and the movable ball is connected to the fine-tuning ejector pin by a thread. The fine-tuning slider 111 is provided with a through hole, into which the fine-tuning ejector pin 112 can be inserted. The exposed length of the ejector pin is adjusted by adjusting the movable ball 113 at the end of the fine-tuning ejector pin. The upper surface of the fine-tuning slider 111 is provided with a threaded hole connected to the through hole. The fine-tuning ejector pin can be fixed to the fine-tuning slider by squeezing the ejector locking bolt 114 into the threaded hole. The movable slider 115 is provided with an internal stepped through hole with a limiting function. A movable ejector pin 116 and an ejector pin compression spring 1110 are installed at one end (the ejector pin compression spring is mounted on the rear end of the movable ejector pin) and a movable ejector pin pull rod 117 is installed at the other end. The movable ejector pin and the movable ejector pin pull rod are connected by threads, forcing the ejector pin compression spring between the two to produce elastic deformation and tighten the ejector pin. The movable ejector pin is retracted into the movable slider by pulling the movable pull button. After releasing the movable pull button, the ejector pin compression spring recovers its elastic deformation and ejects the adjustable ejector pin to tighten the sample. A rectangular groove is provided on the sample positioning slider relative to the bottom of the ejector pin. A bracket 118 is installed in the rectangular groove. A triangular notch is provided on the bracket to lift the sample so that the ejector pin hole of the sample is exactly coaxial with the ejector pin, preventing the sample from detaching from the ejector pin during the marking process, causing the punctuation point to slip.

[0030] Figure 4 The figure shows an exploded view of the calibration components, including the calibration slider 121, top teeth, movable handle 122, and pull rod, which are used to determine the position of the calibration point on the specimen. The calibration slider 121 has an inverted trapezoidal groove at its bottom, allowing it to slide on the slide table II on the base. Brackets with threaded holes are provided on both sides of the calibration slider for mounting the movable handle 122. The calibration slider is provided with an inverted trapezoidal boss in the middle of the two brackets, and a top tooth 125 and a top tooth compression spring 126 are installed inside one end of the calibration slider. The top tooth is connected to the top tooth pull rod 124 installed at the other end of the inverted trapezoidal boss through a threaded connection. The pull rod 124 is connected to the pull button 123, and the top tooth pull rod 124 is connected to the top tooth 125 through the threaded hole on the top tooth 125. By pulling the pull button, the top scale compression spring 126 is compressed to retract the top tooth into the calibration slider. At the same time, the calibration slider can be slid on the slide table II of the base by moving the handle. After releasing the pull button, the elastic deformation of the top scale compression spring is restored, and the top scale compression spring 126 presses the top tooth into the gear groove on the scale to fix the calibration slider and determine the scale length.

[0031] Figure 5The figure shows an exploded view of the marking components, including a marking bracket 131, a rocker 132, a marking handle 133, and a marking pin 137. These components are used to mark specimens. The marking bracket 131 has an inverted trapezoidal groove at its bottom, which slides on the inverted trapezoidal boss of the calibration slider to adjust the circumferential position of the marking mark on the specimen. Tightening the marking bracket locking bolt 136 secures it to the calibration slider. The marking bracket has two lugs with ball bearings 135 at its top. The rocker 132 is mounted on a bearing rod 134 between these two ball bearings with an interference fit. The marking handle 133 is mounted on one end of the rocker, and the marking pin 137 is mounted on the other end. Lifting the marking handle causes the rocker to rotate along the bearing rod 134, causing the marking pin to land precisely on the specimen at the desired marking location, thereby marking the specimen. The punctuation needle is fixed to the end of the rocker by a punctuation needle locking bolt 138. The length of the punctuation needle can be adjusted according to the size of the sample. In addition, as the number of markings increases, the needle tip can be quickly replaced after being blunted.

[0032] The steps for using the tensile specimen marking machine of the present invention are as follows:

[0033] (1) Adjust the relative position of the positioning slider. Slide the fine-tuning slider and the movable slider along the slide to the center of the slide, then separate the two by a distance of approximately the length of the specimen. Tighten the locking bolts on the fine-tuning slider and the movable slider to fix them on the slide.

[0034] (2) Install the tensile specimen to be marked. Place one end of the tensile specimen on the bracket of the fine-tuning slider, and place the fine-tuning ejector pin in the ejector pin hole of the specimen. Pull the movable ejector pin knob and place the other end of the specimen on the bracket on the movable slider. Then release the movable ejector pin knob so that the movable ejector pin fits into the ejector pin hole at the end of the tensile specimen. If the distance between the sliders is too large or too small to make it impossible to tighten or install the tensile specimen, repeat step (1) until the specimen can be installed and tightened.

[0035] (3) Adjust the position of the calibration slider to determine the position of the mark on the specimen. Pull the top scale knob and use the movable handle on the calibration slider to move the calibration slider to the appropriate position, specifically, the position where the mark needle falls is inside the parallel section of the tensile specimen to be marked. Then release the top scale knob and push the top scale into the gear groove on the scale to fix the calibration slider.

[0036] (4) Fine-tune the position of the specimen. If the position of the mark is not ideal after completing step (3), and the range of adjustment is smaller than the minimum scale gear slot interval, you can adjust it by loosening the ejector pin locking bolt and moving the moving ball left or right until the position of the mark on the specimen is adjusted correctly. Finally, tighten the ejector pin locking bolt.

[0037] (5) Mark the original gauge length of the specimen. Lift the marking handle upward to complete the first marking of the specimen. Determine the number of teeth that the top scale needs to move according to the gauge length of the tensile specimen to be marked. Pull the top scale knob and move the calibration slider by the corresponding number of teeth using the moving handle on the calibration slider. Then release the top scale knob and push the top scale into the gear groove on the scale. Fix the calibration slider and lift the marking handle upward to complete the marking of a set of gauge lengths.

Claims

1. A tensile specimen marking machine, characterized by: The marking machine includes a workbench component, a sample positioning component, a scale distance component and a punctuation component; wherein: the workbench component includes a base and a ruler, the base is provided with two inverted trapezoidal slides, namely slide I and slide II, the upper surface of slide I is provided with a strip groove, slide I is used to install the sample positioning component; the upper surface of slide II is provided with two rectangular grooves, slide II is used to install the scale distance component; the ruler is fixed to slide II by a ruler positioning block to determine the scale distance; the sample positioning component includes a tightening slider and an ejector pin, which are used to fix and tighten the tensile sample to be marked; the scale distance component includes a calibration slider, a pull rod and a moving handle, which are used to determine the position of the punctuation mark on the sample; the punctuation component includes a punctuation bracket, a rocker, a marking handle and a punctuation pin, which are used to punctuate the sample; The bottom surface of the tightening slider is provided with a groove adapted to the trapezoidal structure of the slide table I. There are two tightening sliders, namely a fine-tuning slider and a movable slider. The fine-tuning slider and the movable slider are both provided with threaded holes on the same side of the groove. The fine-tuning slider and the movable slider can be fixed to the slide table I by tightening the slider positioning bolts in the threaded holes. An inverted trapezoidal groove is provided at the bottom of the calibration slider, which can slide in coordination with the slide table II on the base; brackets with threaded holes are provided on both sides of the calibration slider for installing a moving handle; an inverted trapezoidal boss is provided in the middle of the two brackets of the calibration slider, and a top tooth and a compression spring II are installed inside one end thereof, and the top tooth is connected to the top tooth pull rod installed at the other end of the inverted trapezoidal boss through a threaded connection, and the top tooth pull rod is connected to the top tooth pull button, and the compression spring II is compressed by stretching the top tooth pull button to retract the top tooth into the calibration slider, and the calibration slider can be slid on the slide table II of the base by moving the handle at the same time. After releasing the pull button, the elastic deformation of the compression spring II is restored, and the compression spring II presses the top tooth into the gear groove on the scale, which is used to fix the calibration slider and determine the gauge length.

2. The tensile specimen marking machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sample positioning component also includes a moving ball, and the ejector pin includes a fine-tuning ejector pin and a movable ejector pin. The moving ball and the fine-tuning ejector pin can be connected by a thread; a through hole is provided on the fine-tuning slider, and the fine-tuning ejector pin can be inserted into the through hole. The exposed length of the ejector pin is adjusted by adjusting the moving ball at the end of the fine-tuning ejector pin, and the fine-tuning ejector pin can be fixed on the fine-tuning slider by tightening the fine-tuning ejector pin positioning bolt.

3. The tensile specimen marking machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The movable slider is provided with a stepped through hole with an internal limiting function, a movable ejector pin and a compression spring I are installed at one end thereof, and a movable pull button is installed at the other end. The movable ejector pin and the movable pull button are connected by a thread, forcing the compression spring I between the two to produce elastic deformation to tighten the movable ejector pin; by stretching the movable pull button, the compression spring I is compressed to retract the movable ejector pin into the movable slider; after releasing the movable pull button, the compression spring I restores its elastic deformation to push the movable ejector pin out to tighten the sample.

4. The tensile specimen marking machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sample positioning component also includes a bracket; the tightening slider has a rectangular groove at the bottom relative to the ejector pin, and the bracket is installed in the rectangular groove to lift the sample so that the ejector pin hole of the sample is exactly coaxial with the ejector pin, thereby preventing the sample from detaching from the ejector pin during the marking process and causing the marking point to slip.

5. The tensile specimen marking machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the punctuation bracket is provided with an inverted trapezoidal groove, which can slide on the inverted trapezoidal boss on the upper surface of the calibration slider to adjust the position of the punctuation mark on the circumference of the sample. Tightening the punctuation bracket locking bolt can fix the punctuation bracket on the calibration slider; there are two support ears with ball bearings on the top of the punctuation bracket, and the rocker is installed on the bearing rod between the two ball bearings in an interference fit manner; a marking handle is installed at one end of the rocker, and a punctuation needle is installed at the other end. By lifting the marking handle, the rocker is rotated along the bearing rod, and the punctuation needle falls exactly on the sample, thereby punctuating the sample.

6. The tensile specimen marking machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The punctuation needle is fixed to the end of the rocker by a punctuation needle locking bolt. The length of the punctuation needle can be adjusted according to the size of the sample. In addition, as the needle tip becomes blunt with the increase in the number of markings, it can be quickly replaced.

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