Bulk material shearing device

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of testing devices, and discloses a bulk material shearing device, which includes: a shearing box, a first driving mechanism, a second driving mechanism, and a third driving mechanism, wherein the shearing box has an upper box body and a lower box body that are slidably connected, the top of the upper box body is connected to the first driving mechanism, the left side of the upper box body is connected to the second driving mechanism, and the right side of the lower box body is connected to the third driving mechanism, so that the shearing box is subjected to forces in multiple directions. The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the shearing box can accommodate experimental sand samples inside, and through the cooperation of the first driving mechanism, the second driving mechanism, and the third driving mechanism, dynamic shearing in three directions is achieved, so that engineering problems such as foundation shear damage caused by dynamic loads such as earthquakes and wave impacts are more accurately simulated, so that different bulk material shearing scenes can be better restored.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of testing devices, in particular to a bulk material shearing device. Background Art

[0002] Bulk materials include soil, sand and other materials with similar properties. Bulk mechanics is a discipline that studies the limit equilibrium and motion laws of bulk aggregates under stress. Among them, the soil direct shear device is a very common bulk mechanics test device. The existing soil direct shear device can only load a certain constant load, which is inconsistent with the variable load in actual engineering. The accuracy is low, which makes it difficult to be well applied in actual engineering and cannot accurately simulate engineering problems such as foundation shear damage caused by dynamic loads such as earthquakes and wave impacts. Therefore, a new type of bulk material shearing device is urgently needed to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present application is to provide a bulk material shearing device, which uses three driving mechanisms to load from three directions and cooperates with a rolling component to accurately simulate various bulk material shearing scenarios.

[0004] The purpose of this application is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] A bulk material shearing device comprises: a shearing box, a first driving mechanism, a second driving mechanism and a third driving mechanism;

[0006] The shear box comprises an upper box body and a lower box body which are slidably connected in sequence from top to bottom, the upper box body comprises a cover plate and a first enclosure plate, the cover plate is slidably arranged on the inner periphery of the first enclosure plate, and a first accommodation space with a bottom opening is defined between the bottom surface of the cover plate and the inner periphery of the first enclosure plate, a second accommodation space is opened on the top of the lower box body, and the first accommodation space is opposite to and connected to the second accommodation space;

[0007] The power output end of the first driving mechanism cooperates and abuts against the top of the cover plate to apply a downward force to the cover plate, the power output end of the second driving mechanism cooperates and abuts against the left outer wall of the upper box body to apply a rightward force to the upper box body, and the power output end of the third driving mechanism cooperates and abuts against the right outer wall of the lower box body to apply a leftward force to the lower box body.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present application, a ball is rotatably provided at the power output end of the first driving mechanism, and the first driving mechanism cooperates with the cover plate through the ball.

[0009] Some embodiments of the present application further include a pressure plate, which is detachably connected to the power output end of the first driving mechanism, and the ball bearing rotates and abuts against the pressure plate.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present application, a first connecting block and a second connecting block are further included, wherein the first connecting block is connected to the left outer wall of the upper box body, the power output end of the second driving mechanism is connected to the left side wall of the first connecting block, and the first connecting block has a greater rigidity than the upper box body;

[0011] The second connecting block is connected to the right outer wall of the lower box body, the power output end of the third driving mechanism is connected to the right side wall of the second connecting block, and the rigidity of the second connecting block is greater than that of the lower box body.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present application, the first connecting block includes a first engaging portion and a first limiting portion, the first engaging portion is connected to the left outer wall of the upper box body, the first limiting portion is lower than the top surface of the lower box body, and a first shear space is defined between the first limiting portion and the lower box body;

[0013] The second connecting block includes a second engaging portion and a second limiting portion, the second engaging portion is connected to the right outer wall of the lower box body, the second limiting portion is higher than the bottom surface of the upper box body, and a second shear space is defined between the second limiting portion and the upper box body.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present application, a rolling member is further included. A guide groove is defined between the upper box body and the lower box body, and the rolling member is located in the guide groove.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present application, at least two guide assemblies are further included, wherein the lower portions of the two guide assemblies are respectively fixedly connected to the front outer wall of the lower box body and the rear outer wall of the lower box body, and the upper portions of the two guide assemblies are respectively abutted against the front outer wall of the upper box body and the rear outer wall of the upper box body.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present application, a fixing frame and a vertical displacement sensor are further included, wherein the fixing frame is connected to the top of the cover plate, the vertical displacement sensor is installed on the fixing frame, the vertical displacement sensor is located at the top of the first enclosure plate, and the detection portion of the vertical displacement sensor abuts against the top surface of the first enclosure plate.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present application, the lower box body includes a bottom plate and a second surrounding plate, the bottom plate is embedded in and fixedly connected to the second surrounding plate, and the bottom plate and the second surrounding plate define the second accommodating space.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present application, the first driving mechanism includes a first hydraulic cylinder and a first pressure head, the second driving mechanism includes a second hydraulic cylinder and a second pressure head, the third driving mechanism includes a third hydraulic cylinder and a third pressure head, the first pressure head is connected between the first hydraulic cylinder and the cover plate, the second pressure head is connected between the second hydraulic cylinder and the upper box body, and the third pressure head is connected between the third hydraulic cylinder and the lower box body.

[0019] The bulk material shearing device of the present application has a shear box that can accommodate experimental sand samples. Through the cooperation of the first drive mechanism, the second drive mechanism and the third drive mechanism, dynamic shearing in three directions can be achieved, which can more accurately simulate engineering problems such as foundation shear damage caused by dynamic loads such as earthquakes and wave impacts, and better restore different bulk material shearing scenarios. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a front view of the bulk material shearing device of the present scheme;

[0021] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of

[0022] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Cross-sectional view of section AA.

[0023] In the figure, 1, shear box; 2, first drive mechanism; 201, first hydraulic cylinder; 202, first pressure head; 3, second drive mechanism; 301, second hydraulic cylinder; 302, second pressure head; 4, third drive mechanism; 401, third hydraulic cylinder; 402, third pressure head; 5, upper box body; 501, cover plate; 502, first enclosure; 503, first accommodating space; 6, lower box body; 601, bottom plate; 602, second enclosure; 603, second accommodating space; 604, guide protrusion; 7, ball; 8, pressure plate; 9, first connecting block; 901, first joint part; 902, first limiting part; 903, first shear space; 10, second connecting block; 1001, second joint part; 1002, second limiting part; 1003, second shear space; 11, rolling element; 12, guide assembly; 13, fixing bracket; 14, vertical displacement sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The specific implementation of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0025] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", "inner", "outer", "top", "bottom" and the like used in the present application to indicate the orientation or position relationship based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0026] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a bulk material shearing device, comprising: a shearing box 1, a first driving mechanism 2, a second driving mechanism 3 and a third driving mechanism 4;

[0027] The shear box 1 comprises an upper box body 5 and a lower box body 6 which are slidably connected in sequence from top to bottom, the upper box body 5 comprises a cover plate 501 and a first enclosure plate 502, the cover plate 501 is slidably arranged on the inner periphery of the first enclosure plate 502, and a first accommodation space 503 with a bottom opening is defined between the bottom surface of the cover plate 501 and the inner periphery of the first enclosure plate 502, the top of the lower box body 6 is provided with a second accommodation space 603, the first accommodation space 503 is opposite to and communicates with the second accommodation space 603;

[0028] The power output end of the first driving mechanism 2 cooperates and abuts against the top of the cover plate 501, so as to apply a downward force to the cover plate 501; the power output end of the second driving mechanism 3 cooperates and abuts against the left outer wall of the upper box body 5, so as to apply a rightward force to the upper box body 5; the power output end of the third driving mechanism 4 cooperates and abuts against the right outer wall of the lower box body 6, so as to apply a leftward force to the lower box body 6.

[0029] Based on the above technical solution, the shear box 1 can accommodate the sand sample for the experiment, and the first drive mechanism 2, the second drive mechanism 3 and the third drive mechanism 4 cooperate to realize dynamic shearing in three directions, more accurately simulate the engineering problems of foundation shear damage caused by dynamic loads such as earthquakes and wave impacts, and better restore different bulk material shearing scenes. Before the shearing device works, first turn on the power, open the cover 501, and pour the sand sample into the shear box 1 until the sand sample is about to fill the first accommodation space 503 and the second accommodation space 603. For example, when the height of the sand sample is 1 cm from the top of the first enclosure 502, the cover 501 can be covered, the first drive mechanism 2 is started, and the power output end of the first drive mechanism 2 is moved downward until the cover 501 contacts the sand sample but has no force. At this time, the preparations before the shearing work are completed. Then, open the command control window of the computer, and you can write commands to control the first drive mechanism 2, the second drive mechanism 3 and the third drive mechanism 4 to work, so as to simulate different bulk material shearing scenes. Preferably, the first drive mechanism 2, the second drive mechanism 3 and the third drive mechanism 4 are all provided with displacement sensors and force sensors, so that the force, displacement and deformation in the horizontal direction and the force, displacement and deformation in the vertical direction during the shearing process can be recorded, with a high degree of automation and timely and accurate data recording. In addition, the waveforms of the forces in the three directions can be selected independently to perform shearing operations such as dynamic direct shearing and dynamic cycle shearing. The three drive mechanisms work together to simulate the real shearing scene of bulk materials, and cooperate with the rolling plate 8 that can move left and right relative to the cover plate 501, so that the stability of vertical loading is not affected when the left and right sides can be loaded at the same time.

[0030] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 2 , 3 As shown, the power output end of the first driving mechanism 2 is rotatably provided with a ball 7, and the first driving mechanism 2 cooperates with the cover plate 501 through the ball 7. When the upper box body 5 moves left and right under the action of the second driving mechanism 3, the cover plate 501 and the power output end of the first driving mechanism 2 will slide relative to each other, and the abutment of the ball 7 can convert the sliding friction between the first driving mechanism 2 and the cover plate 501 into rolling friction, thereby reducing friction and protecting the first driving mechanism 2 and the cover plate 501.

[0031] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 1-3As shown, it also includes a pressing plate 8, which is detachably connected to the power output end of the first driving mechanism 2, and the ball 7 is rotatably abutted against the pressing plate 8. The ball 7 is rotatably abutted between the upper pressing plate 8 and the lower cover plate 501. When the upper box body 5 moves left and right, the ball 7 follows the upper box body 5 and rolls between the two, which can ensure that the ball 7 is always located in the middle position of the upper box body 5, so that the driving force given by the first driving mechanism 2 always acts on the middle position of the upper box body 5, preventing the driving force from deviating from the center, and ensuring the accuracy of the experimental data.

[0032] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 1 , 2 As shown, it also includes a first connecting block 9 and a second connecting block 10, wherein the first connecting block 9 is connected to the left outer wall of the upper box body 5, the power output end of the second driving mechanism 3 is connected to the left wall of the first connecting block 9, and the rigidity of the first connecting block 9 is greater than that of the upper box body 5; the second connecting block 10 is connected to the right outer wall of the lower box body 6, the power output end of the third driving mechanism 4 is connected to the right wall of the second connecting block 10, and the rigidity of the second connecting block 10 is greater than that of the lower box body 6. Since the rigidity of the selected materials of the upper box body 5 and the lower box body 6 is usually low, it is easy to cause damage when the power output end of the first driving mechanism 2 and the power output end of the second driving mechanism 3 are directly connected to the upper box body 5 and the lower box body 6, so the first connecting block 9 and the second connecting block 10 with larger rigidity can be added between the driving mechanism and the box body to make the shear force loading process safer and more stable.

[0033] Specifically, Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the first connecting block 9 includes a first joining portion 901 and a first limiting portion 902, the first joining portion 901 is connected to the left outer wall of the upper box body 5, the first limiting portion 902 is lower than the top surface of the lower box body 6, and a first shear space 903 is defined between the first limiting portion 902 and the lower box body 6; the second connecting block 10 includes a second joining portion 1001 and a second limiting portion 1002, the second joining portion 1001 is connected to the right outer wall of the lower box body 6, the second limiting portion 1002 is higher than the bottom surface of the upper box body 5, and a second shear space 1003 is defined between the second limiting portion 1002 and the upper box body 5. The first limiting portion 902 and the second limiting portion 1002 can prevent the upper box body 5 and the lower box body 6 from being displaced too much during the shearing process, causing problems such as sand sample leakage, and the first limiting portion 902 and the second limiting portion 1002 can be used to connect the power output end of the second drive mechanism 3 and the power output end of the third drive mechanism 4, so that the second drive mechanism 3 and the third drive mechanism 4 are located at the same height, and the overall device is easier to install and position, and more beautiful.

[0034] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 3 As shown, a rolling member 11 is also included, and a guide groove is defined between the upper box body 5 and the lower box body 6, and the rolling member 11 is located in the guide groove. The rolling member 11 can convert the sliding friction between the upper box body 5 and the lower box body 6 into rolling friction, greatly reducing the friction force, facilitating the shearing of the upper box body 5 and the lower box body 6, while protecting the upper box body 5 and the lower box body 6 and reducing wear.

[0035] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 1 , 3 As shown, at least two guide assemblies 12 are also included, the lower parts of the two guide assemblies 12 are respectively fixedly connected to the front outer wall of the lower box body 6 and the rear outer wall of the lower box body 6, and the upper parts of the two guide assemblies 12 are respectively abutted against the front outer wall of the upper box body 5 and the rear outer wall of the upper box body 5. The guide assemblies 12 are arranged on the outer side of the box body, one in front and one in the back, so that the upper box body 5 and the lower box body 6 cannot move in the front and rear directions, but can only move to the left or right, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the test data. Preferably, the guide assembly 12 is provided with a long hole, and the rivet is inserted into the upper box body 5 through the long hole, which can play a guiding role at the same time when the upper box body 5 and the lower box body 6 are relatively displaced, and the guiding effect is better.

[0036] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 1 , 2 As shown, it also includes a fixing frame 13 and a vertical displacement sensor 14, wherein the fixing frame 13 is connected to the top of the cover plate 501, and the vertical displacement sensor 14 is installed on the fixing frame 13, and the vertical displacement sensor 14 is located at the top of the first enclosure plate 502, and the detection part of the vertical displacement sensor 14 abuts against the top surface of the first enclosure plate 502. When the first driving mechanism 2 applies pressure to the cover plate 501, the cover plate 501 drives the fixing frame 13 to move up and down, and the vertical displacement sensor 14 also moves up and down, and the detection part of the vertical displacement sensor 14 extends and retracts into the vertical displacement sensor 14, so as to achieve the function of measuring the vertical displacement of the bulk. Similarly, the second driving mechanism 3 and the third driving mechanism 4 can also detect the displacement in this way, that is, fix the displacement sensor and make its detection part abut against the box body or the connecting block, and when the second driving mechanism 3 and the third driving mechanism 4 are in action, the displacement can be measured by the extension and retraction of the detection part.

[0037] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 2 , 3As shown, the lower box body 6 includes a bottom plate 601 and a second enclosure 602, wherein the bottom plate 601 is embedded in and fixedly connected to the second enclosure 602, and the bottom plate 601 and the second enclosure 602 define and form the second accommodating space 603. The lower box body 6 is also configured as a split structure for easy installation and disassembly. Preferably, a guide protrusion 604 is provided at the bottom of the bottom plate 601, and the guide protrusion 604 can cooperate with the guide rails provided on both sides of the bottom of the bottom plate 601 to guide the lower box body 6 to move left and right.

[0038] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 1 As shown, the first driving mechanism 2 includes a first hydraulic cylinder 201 and a first ram 202, the second driving mechanism 3 includes a second hydraulic cylinder 301 and a second ram 302, the third driving mechanism 4 includes a third hydraulic cylinder 401 and a third ram 402, the first ram 202 is connected between the first hydraulic cylinder 201 and the rolling platen 8, the second ram 302 is connected between the second hydraulic cylinder 301 and the upper box body 5, and the third ram 402 is connected between the third hydraulic cylinder 401 and the lower box body 6. By connecting the ram with the rolling platen 8, the upper box body 5 and the lower box body 6, the contact area between the power output end and each component is increased to prevent damage to key components.

[0039] In summary, in the bulk material shearing device of the present application, the shear box 1 can accommodate experimental sand samples inside, and through the cooperation of the first driving mechanism 2, the second driving mechanism 3 and the third driving mechanism 4, dynamic shearing in three directions can be achieved, so as to more accurately simulate the engineering problems of foundation shear damage caused by dynamic loads such as earthquakes and wave impacts, so that different bulk material shearing scenes can be better restored.

[0040] The above is only a preferred implementation of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present application. These improvements and substitutions should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A bulk material shearing device, characterized in that: include: A shear box, a first drive mechanism, a second drive mechanism and a third drive mechanism; The shear box comprises an upper box body and a lower box body which are slidably connected in sequence from top to bottom, the upper box body comprises a cover plate and a first enclosure plate, the cover plate is slidably arranged on the inner periphery of the first enclosure plate, and a first accommodation space with a bottom opening is defined between the bottom surface of the cover plate and the inner periphery of the first enclosure plate, a second accommodation space is opened on the top of the lower box body, and the first accommodation space is opposite to and connected to the second accommodation space; The power output end of the first driving mechanism cooperates with and abuts against the top of the cover plate to apply a downward force to the cover plate, the power output end of the second driving mechanism cooperates with and abuts against the left outer wall of the upper box body to apply a rightward force to the upper box body, and the power output end of the third driving mechanism cooperates with and abuts against the right outer wall of the lower box body to apply a leftward force to the lower box body; It also includes a first connecting block and a second connecting block, wherein the first connecting block is connected to the left outer wall of the upper box body, the power output end of the second driving mechanism is connected to the left side wall of the first connecting block, and the rigidity of the first connecting block is greater than that of the upper box body; The second connecting block is connected to the right outer wall of the lower box body, the power output end of the third driving mechanism is connected to the right side wall of the second connecting block, and the rigidity of the second connecting block is greater than that of the lower box body; The first connecting block includes a first engaging portion and a first limiting portion, the first engaging portion is connected to the left outer wall of the upper box body, the first limiting portion is lower than the top surface of the lower box body, and a first shear space is defined between the first limiting portion and the lower box body; The second connecting block includes a second engaging portion and a second limiting portion, the second engaging portion is connected to the right outer wall of the lower box body, the second limiting portion is higher than the bottom surface of the upper box body, and a second shear space is defined between the second limiting portion and the upper box body; It also includes at least two guide assemblies, the lower parts of the two guide assemblies are respectively fixedly connected to the front outer wall of the lower box body and the rear outer wall of the lower box body, and the upper parts of the two guide assemblies are respectively abutted against the front outer wall of the upper box body and the rear outer wall of the upper box body; The lower box body includes a bottom plate and a second enclosure plate, wherein the bottom plate is embedded in and fixedly connected to the second enclosure plate, and the bottom plate and the second enclosure plate define and form the second accommodating space.

2. The bulk material shearing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A ball is rotatably provided at the power output end of the first driving mechanism, and the first driving mechanism cooperates with the cover plate through the ball.

3. The bulk material shearing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a pressure plate, which is detachably connected to the power output end of the first driving mechanism, and the ball bearing is rotatably abutted against the pressure plate.

4. The bulk material shearing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a rolling member. A guide groove is defined between the upper box body and the lower box body, and the rolling member is located in the guide groove.

5. The bulk material shearing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a fixing frame and a vertical displacement sensor, wherein the fixing frame is connected to the top of the cover plate, the vertical displacement sensor is installed on the fixing frame, the vertical displacement sensor is located at the top of the first enclosure plate, and the detection part of the vertical displacement sensor abuts against the top surface of the first enclosure plate.

6. The bulk material shearing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first driving mechanism includes a first hydraulic cylinder and a first pressing head, the second driving mechanism includes a second hydraulic cylinder and a second pressing head, and the third driving mechanism includes a third hydraulic cylinder and a third pressing head. The first pressing head is connected between the first hydraulic cylinder and the cover plate, the second pressing head is connected between the second hydraulic cylinder and the upper box body, and the third pressing head is connected between the third hydraulic cylinder and the lower box body.

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