Actuator and device having such an actuator for engaging a parking lock of an automatic transmission of a motor vehicle and motor vehicle equipped with such a device

Abstract

The present invention relates to an actuator, which comprises: a drive device driving a drive shaft; a first operating element operatively connected to the drive shaft; a spring element, which can be supported on a housing component of the actuator on the one hand and on a second operating element configured to tension the spring element on the other hand, wherein a rotary element is provided which can be driven by the drive shaft and is rotatably supported. According to the present invention, a further operating element is provided for operating a switching device, the further operating element is operatively connected to the first operating element, and a transmission device having a transmission element is provided between the first operating element and the operating element of the switching device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an actuator. The invention also relates to a device for activating a parking lock of an automatic transmission of a motor vehicle and to a motor vehicle equipped with the device. Background Art

[0002] The use of automatic gearshift mechanisms or shift-by-wire systems in motor vehicles has several advantages over mechanically coupled gearshift mechanisms. As a result, the gear of the transmission can be selected, for example, flexibly and according to the vehicle state by software. The activation of the parking lock by engaging the P position is also no longer performed manually by the driver, but is automatically ensured by the control software, for example, when the vehicle is stopped or driven away. Since the engagement of the P position in order to activate the parking lock is mandatory for safety reasons before the motor vehicle is driven away, the system and the actuator have an emergency mechanism, which should also ensure the engagement of the P position when the actuator is disturbed or in the event of a voltage failure. The emergency mechanism typically works by an energy storage device, for example a mechanical spring element, which ensures the engagement of a mechanical emergency position independently of the actuator, for example.

[0003] DE 10 2011 014 815 A1 discloses an actuator having: a drive device for driving a drive shaft; a first operating element operatively connected to the drive shaft; a spring element, which can be supported on the housing component of the actuator on the one hand and on the second operating element configured to tension the spring element on the other hand, wherein a rotary element is provided which can be driven by means of the drive shaft and can be rotatably supported. Here, a motor vehicle parking lock actuator having at least one spindle is described, wherein a longitudinal movement for automatically switching a transmission gear is realized by a rotary movement of a motor. The emergency function for engaging the parking lock is realized here by a spring element, which is prestressed by the actuation of the actuator in a non-parking position and mechanically retained by a latching mechanism. The switching function for triggering the emergency mechanism to engage the P gear should be realized by a voltage source independent of the actuator. However, the disadvantage of this actuator is that an independent voltage source is required to trigger the emergency mechanism. The P position cannot therefore be engaged if the independent voltage source is also not available, which can occur in particular if the battery of the motor vehicle is discharged and another voltage source, such as a generator that is functioning properly, is also not available.

[0004] Furthermore, in the actuator of DE 10 2011 014 815 A1, the P position must be disengaged in order to preload the spring element, which results in an undesirable and unsafe vehicle situation, since the P position of the transmission is disengaged even though the emergency mechanism is not yet available.

[0005] DE 100 45 953 B4 discloses a parking lock device, which is particularly provided for a motor vehicle provided with an automatically controllable transmission. The parking lock device has an operating device, which includes an operating element for operating the parking lock, a spring energy storage device for activating the parking lock, a controllable servo drive device for deactivating the parking lock, and a locking device for locking the parking lock in the deactivated state. The servo drive device is designed to function electromechanically and is connected to a main operating lever. The spring energy storage device, the servo drive device and the locking device can be connected or operatively connected to the operating element via the main operating lever. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is therefore to further improve the actuator described above in such a way that it is ensured that in all cases, in particular in the event of a voltage supply failure, the actuating element of the switching device for actuating the actuator is automatically returned to its initial position. The object of the present invention is also to provide a device for engaging or releasing a parking lock of an automatic transmission of a motor vehicle by means of the actuator described above, as well as an improved motor vehicle. The object of the present invention is also to enable the actuator or the device to be used in a variety of motor vehicles with different automatic transmissions and / or from different manufacturers.

[0007] With regard to the actuator, this object is achieved by the actuator according to the invention. With regard to the device for engaging a parking lock of an automatic transmission of a motor vehicle, this object is achieved by the device according to the invention. Furthermore, this object is achieved by the motor vehicle according to the invention.

[0008] The actuator according to the invention comprises a drive device for driving a drive shaft, a first operating element operatively connected to the drive shaft for operating a switching device, and a spring element, wherein the spring element can be supported on a housing component of the actuator on the one hand and on a second operating element configured to tension the spring element on the other hand, wherein a rotating element is provided which is drivable and rotatably supported by means of the drive shaft.

[0009] The invention is now characterized in that a further operating element is provided for operating the switching device, which further operating element is operatively connected to the first operating element, and a transmission device having a transmission element is provided between the first operating element and the operating element of the switching device.

[0010] In order to engage and disengage the parking lock of an automatic transmission of a motor vehicle, a so-called adjustment travel is required. The adjustment travel depends on the transmission variant and / or the vehicle manufacturer, so that there are a number of different adjustment travels for engaging and disengaging the parking lock. The required adjustment travel can vary by a factor of three to four from one manufacturer to another.

[0011] According to the invention, due to the transmission device with a transmission element, a larger adjustment stroke can be achieved than with known actuators, so that the actuator according to the invention or the device according to the invention can be used for multiple transmission variants and / or vehicle manufacturers without having to perform specific adjustments on the actuator itself with regard to different adjustment strokes.

[0012] The invention is further characterized in that a rotary element is provided which is drivable and rotatably supported by means of a drive shaft and which can be configured with a first control curve operatively connected to the first actuating element and with a second control curve for tensioning the spring element.

[0013] The spring element has the function of engaging the P position in the event of a fault in the actuator or in the event of a voltage failure. For this purpose, the spring element can also be operatively connected to the first operating element by means of the second operating element, so that the first operating element can be guided back into the P position along the first control curve due to the return force applied by the prestressing of the spring element. In particular, the second operating element can be designed as a driver for the first operating element.

[0014] In order to disengage the P position and engage a different gear, such as R, N, D, the rotary element can be rotated by means of the drive device and the drive shaft so that the first control curve can move the first operating element due to the operative contact with the first control curve. The shift device, which connects the actuator to the automatic transmission, for example, with a shift cable, is designed to transmit the movement generated on the actuator to the automatic transmission, so that the P position can be disengaged and a different gear, such as R, N, D, can be set.

[0015] For this purpose, the first control curve can have different slopes for shifting movements or for engaging gears. The slope of the control curve can be designed, for example, so that sufficient adjustment force can be generated under all conditions for releasing the parking lock or the emergency adjustment device by means of the actuator. The adjustment force here basically consists of the minimum adjustment force required in the transmission for engaging different gears and, if necessary, the return force of the spring element, against which the actuator already works when leaving the P gear. The adjustment force can be, for example, about 500 N. In the case of emergency operation, the rotating element and the motor are reversed by the slope of the first control curve in interaction with the first and second operating elements of the actuator under the influence of the spring force applied by the spring element.

[0016] The device according to the invention for engaging a parking lock in an automatic transmission of a motor vehicle has an actuator according to the invention, in particular a parking lock actuator.

[0017] By using the actuator according to the invention in a device for engaging a parking lock in an automatic transmission of a motor vehicle, it is now ensured that the spring element can always be preloaded before the P position of the automatic transmission of the motor vehicle is left. In other words, the spring element can now be preloaded by means of the second control curve and the second matching element of the second operating element without changing the position of the first operating element. This ensures that the spring element is preloaded while the first operating element is in a position that sets the automatic transmission of the motor vehicle to the P position when the actuator is used in a motor vehicle with an automatic transmission.

[0018] The rotational element can be limited to an effective range of its rotational movement between a maximum negative rotational position and a maximum positive rotational position based on the configuration of the first control curve and / or the second control curve, so that, for example, half a rotation in one rotational direction, i.e. approximately +180° or -180°, is possible.

[0019] According to a first advantageous configuration of the invention, the shape of the transmission element is asymmetrically constructed at least on one side. For example, it can be provided that the shape of the transmission element is unequally constructed. In this way, the transmission ratio of the transmission element can be changed, for example, a force greater than the force of the spring element can be transmitted at the beginning of the movement, and a larger adjustment stroke can be provided during the continuation. This can be considered in particular for releasing the P gear and switching the switching device to the R gear. The transmission is thus changed during the operation, because no large force is required during the continuation of the adjustment movement, but on the contrary a larger adjustment stroke is required. The required force can be reflected within the required range through the transmission.

[0020] In a further embodiment of the invention, the transmission element is configured as a rod, in particular a bent rod or an angle rod. Said variant of the transmission element is a particularly easy-to-manufacture configuration. The linear spring force can be transmitted to a nonlinear spring force via the angle rod.

[0021] According to a further variant of the invention, the rod is designed in multiple parts, preferably as a rigid unit.

[0022] The rod on one side and the rod on both sides are distinguished in principle according to whether the force acts only on one side or both sides of the rotation point of the rod. In addition, in addition to straight rods, there are also bent rods or angle rods.

[0023] In the case of a two-sided lever, the points of application of the forces are on different sides of the lever, starting from the axis of rotation. In a one-sided lever, the axis of rotation is located at the edge of the lever arm, so that the points of application of all the acting forces are on the same side of the lever, starting from the axis of rotation. A lever with bent arms is called an angle lever. Depending on where the axis of rotation is located, an angle lever is equivalent to a one-sided lever or a two-sided lever.

[0024] In order to particularly easily transmit forces or adjustment travels for engaging or releasing the parking lock, the transmission element is received on the first actuating element and / or on the actuating element of the shift device.

[0025] If the transmission element is a lever, for example an angle lever, one lever arm can be received on the first actuating element and the other lever arm can be received on the actuating element of the switching device, thereby achieving transmission in a simple manner. The lever is thus arranged at two articulation points.

[0026] According to a further development, the transmission element is mounted rotatably about at least one rotation axis, wherein the rotation axis is in particular arranged between a hinge point of the transmission element on the first actuating element and a hinge point of the transmission element on a further actuating element of the switching device. In this way, pressure is transmitted for engaging the parking lock.

[0027] Alternatively, it can also be provided that at least one axis of rotation coincides with at least one articulation point, or that at least one axis of rotation is located outside the region between the articulation points. In the second case, in which the axis of rotation is located outside the region between the articulation points, a transmission of a pulling force for releasing the parking lock is performed. In this way, a relatively large force is applied to the transmission element at the beginning of the movement in order to disengage from the parking lock. A larger adjustment stroke is then provided during the continuation of the movement. The required force can be reflected within the required range by the transmission.

[0028] As mentioned, the rod can be constructed in one piece or in two pieces. If the rod is constructed in two pieces, it rotates around the (externally located) axis of rotation.

[0029] According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the axis of rotation is arranged at the end of the actuating element.

[0030] A further advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the transmission element is arranged within the housing of the actuator.

[0031] According to an alternative configuration of the actuator, at least one transmission element can be configured as a gear pair that is preferably arranged eccentrically. In particular, it is conceivable that the rack for the gear of the gear pair is arranged on the other operating element and the first operating element for operating the switching device. The configuration ensures operation in the pulling direction.

[0032] In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the transmission element is designed as a multi-joint mechanism, in particular as a four-joint mechanism arranged in a trapezoidal manner.

[0033] Furthermore, it can be provided that when the rotary element is rotated from 0° in the direction of a maximum positive angular position, for example a maximum of 180°, different gears of the shifting device can be set by means of a first control curve and a first matching element of the first operating element. This makes it possible to set different gears of the automatic transmission without having to tension the spring element at the same time, since the prestressing of the spring element has already taken place by the previous rotation of the rotary element in the direction of its maximum negative rotational position, for example from 0° to -180°. In order to maintain the prestressing when the rotary element is rotated back from its maximum angular position, for example -180° to 0°, a retaining device, in particular an electromagnetic retaining device, is advantageously provided, by which the spring element, which is tensioned when a restoring force is generated, is held in the position of the spring element. As a result, tensioning of the spring element is not necessary during the disengagement of the P gear and the engagement of different gears, since this has already been achieved in advance.

[0034] In order to provide a particularly simple design of the rotary element, it has proven useful to design the rotary element as a disk on which the two control curves are arranged on one of the opposite surfaces of the disk. In this respect, the control curves can be arranged without problems by means of corresponding matching elements, without having to take into account interfering influences on the corresponding other control curves or the matching elements corresponding thereto.

[0035] If the spring element is not to be preloaded even when leading out of the P position, the first control curve is designed such that the spring element is tensioned while generating a restoring force when the rotary element is rotated from its angular position of 0° to its maximum positive angular position, i.e., a maximum of +180°. In this case, the preload of the spring element is carried out in particular directly after leaving the P position, so that the immediately available restoring force of the spring element is sufficient to guide the first actuating element back into the P position.

[0036] It is also advantageous to arrange a screw on the drive shaft, through which a gear assembly can be driven, which in turn drives the rotating element. The rotating element itself can be part of the gear assembly, wherein it is also possible that the gear assembly is also composed of only one gear.

[0037] Alternatively, it is of course also conceivable that the gear assembly consists of a plurality of gears which are operatively connected to one another, wherein the gears are designed as disks which have corresponding control curves on their opposite surfaces.

[0038] Protection is also intended to be provided independently of a device for engaging a parking lock of an automatic transmission of a motor vehicle, which device has an actuator as described above, in particular a parking lock actuator.

[0039] Furthermore, a motor vehicle is also intended to be protected independently by means of the device, wherein the motor vehicle has an automatic transmission and the above-described device for engaging a parking lock of the automatic transmission.

[0040] Further purposes, advantages, features and application possibilities of the present invention are apparent from the following description of the exemplary embodiments with the aid of the accompanying drawings. Here, all described and / or illustrated features also constitute the subject matter of the present invention individually or in any meaningful combination, regardless of their combination in the claims or the references to the claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] This is partially schematically shown here:

[0042] Figure 1 : A first embodiment of an actuator according to the invention having a transmission element in a first state,

[0043] Figure 2 :according to Figure 1 an actuator having a transmission element in a second state,

[0044] Figure 3 :The actuator has the following Figure 1 and 2 Detailed view of a section of a transmission element,

[0045] Figure 4 : A second embodiment of an actuator having a transmission element in a first state,

[0046] Figure 5 :according to Figure 4 an actuator having a transmission element in a second state,

[0047] Figure 6 :The actuator has the following Figure 4 and 5 Detailed view of a section of a transmission element.

[0048] Identical or identically acting components are provided with the same reference numerals in the following views of the drawings according to specific embodiments, in order to improve readability. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] Figure 1 as well as Figure 2 , 4 and 5 also show an actuator according to the invention arranged in a housing, which is arranged on a housing plate 25 and covered by a housing cover (not shown). In this view, the cable 14 can also be seen, by means of which different gears of the automatic transmission of the motor vehicle can be adjusted. The cable 14 is operatively connected to the first operating element 3 of the shifting device for operating the automatic transmission of the motor vehicle.

[0050] In addition, according to Figure 1 , 2 , 4 and 5, the rotary element 4, which is designed as a gear 13, can be clearly seen, and which is also designed as a disk 6. The rotary element 4 is rotatably supported at its center point and has a control curve 7 in the exemplary embodiment. It can also be provided that the rotary element 4 has two different control curves on its opposite faces. The gear 13, which can also be part of a gear assembly, meshes with the screw 11 of the drive shaft 1 of the drive device 2 in the present case.

[0051] The actuator can be in a position corresponding to the position of the P position of the automatic transmission of the motor vehicle and the neutral angular position 0° of the rotary element 4. The matching element of the first operating element 3 cooperates with the control curve 7 in an operative connection. If the rotary element 4, which is designed as a gear 13, is now rotated by means of the drive device 2, the drive shaft 1 and the screw 11, the operating element 3 moves in the direction of the housing component 16 due to the cooperation of the matching element with the control curve 7, so that the automatic transmission is moved out of its P position or into the P position by means of a shift device of the automatic transmission, which is actuated by a cable 14 and is not specifically shown here, and can be set to different gears, such as R, N, D. The rotary element 4 is limited in its rotational movement due to the control curve 7, so that a rotation of approximately +180° or another value can be achieved.

[0052] During operation of the motor vehicle, the spring element 5 can be held in the prestressed position after it has been prestressed by means of the electromagnetic holding device 26. In other words, the prestressing of the spring element 5 is maintained in its tensioned position by means of the magnetic holding device 26 during the rotation of the rotary element 4.

[0053] As by Figures 1 to 6 As is known, the actuator has a further operating element 12 for operating the switching device, which further operating element is operatively connected to the first operating element 3. A transmission device 8 having a transmission element 9 is arranged between the first operating element 3 and the operating element 12 of the switching device.

[0054] In order to engage and disengage the parking lock of an automatic transmission of a motor vehicle, a so-called adjustment path is required. The adjustment path is dependent on the transmission variant and / or the vehicle manufacturer, so that there are a plurality of different adjustment paths for engaging and disengaging the parking lock. Due to the transmission device 8 according to the invention with the transmission element 9, a relatively larger adjustment path can be achieved than with known actuators, so that the actuator according to the invention or the device according to the invention can be used for a plurality of transmission variants and / or vehicle manufacturers without having to carry out a specific adaptation of the different adjustment paths.

[0055] According to this embodiment, the shape of the transmission element is designed to be asymmetrical at least on one side. It can be provided, for example, that the shape of the transmission element is designed to be unequal.

[0056] In this way, the transmission ratio of the transmission element can be changed, for example, a greater force can be transmitted at the beginning of the movement compared to the spring, and a larger adjustment path can be provided during the continuation. This can be taken into account in particular for disengaging the P position and shifting the switching device into the R position. The transmission is thus changed, because during the continuation of the adjustment movement, no longer a large force is required, but instead a larger adjustment path is required.

[0057] according to Figures 1 to 6 The transmission element 9 is designed as a rod 20, in particular a bent rod or an angle rod, wherein a linear spring force is converted into a non-linear spring force. In order to transmit the force or adjust the stroke to engage or release the parking lock particularly easily, the transmission element 9 is received on the first operating element 3 and / or on the operating element 12 of the switching device.

[0058] In the case of a two-sided lever, the points of application of the forces are located on different sides of the lever, starting from the axis of rotation. In a one-sided lever, the axis of rotation is located at the edge of the lever arm, so that the points of application of all acting forces are located on the same side of the lever, starting from the axis of rotation. A lever with a bent arm is called an angle lever. Depending on where the axis of rotation is located, an angle lever is equivalent to a one-sided lever or a two-sided lever.

[0059] As by Figures 1 to 6 As is known, one lever arm of the lever 20 can be received on the first actuating element 3 and the other lever arm on the actuating element 12 of the switching device, so that the transmission is realized in a simple manner. The lever 20 is therefore arranged at two articulation points 18 , 19 .

[0060] In this case, the transmission element 9 is mounted so as to be rotatable about at least one rotation axis 10 .

[0061] according to Figures 1 to 3 The implementation method of the actuator and the Figures 4 to 6 The difference lies in the transmission element 9 which is designed as a rod 20 .

[0062] Figure 1 The actuator is shown with a transmission element 9, wherein the rotation axis 10 of the transmission element 9 is arranged between an articulation point 18 of the transmission element 9 on the first actuating element 3 and an articulation point 19 of the transmission element 9 on a further actuating element 12 of the shift device. In this way, pressure is transmitted for engaging the parking lock.

[0063] according to Figure 1 The spring element 5 is shown in a first, unloaded position 21 and in Figure 22 . The spring element 5 is in a tensioned, second position 22 , wherein the parking lock is engaged in this position and the pretensioning of the spring element 5 is maintained, for example, by means of the above-described magnetic holding device 26 .

[0064] When the transmission element 9 moves and thus the first operating element 3 and the operating element 12 of the further switching device, the cable 14 is acted upon in such a way that the parking lock is engaged by a pressing or pushing movement of the cable 14 .

[0065] Figure 3 Shown in accordance with Figure 1 Detailed view of the transmission element 9 in the position of .

[0066] Alternatively, it can also be provided that at least one axis of rotation coincides with at least one articulation point 18, 19. Figures 4 to 6 , at least one rotation axis 10 of the transmission element 9 is located outside the area between the articulation points 18, 19, so that a tensile force is transmitted for releasing the parking lock. In this way, at the beginning of the movement, a relatively large force is applied to the transmission element in order to release the parking lock. During the continuation of the movement, a relatively large adjustment stroke is set.

[0067] according to Figure 4 The first position 23 of the transmission element 9 is shown. In this case, the parking lock is released and the spring element 5 is relieved of force. The magnetic retaining device 26 is disconnected, so that the prestressing of the spring element 5 is not maintained by means of the magnetic retaining device 26.

[0068] Based on the actuator Figure 5 In the second position 24 of the spring, the spring is tensioned and the prestressing of the spring element 5 is maintained by means of the magnetic holding device 26. Figures 1 to 3 In contrast to the embodiment of the present invention, a pulling movement now takes place instead of a pressing or pushing movement.

[0069] According to the corresponding Figures 4 to 6 In the embodiment of the present invention, the rotation axis is arranged on the end of the operating element. In addition, it can be provided that the transmission element 9, in particular the rod 20, is constructed in multiple pieces, but still constitutes a rigid unit.

[0070] In this case, the transmission element 9 is arranged inside the housing of the actuator.

[0071] According to an alternative, not shown, configuration of the actuator, at least one transmission element 9 can be designed as a preferably eccentrically arranged gear pair. In particular, it is conceivable that the rack for the gear of the gear pair is arranged on the other operating element 12 and the first operating element 3 for operating the switching device.

[0072] In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention (not shown), it is provided that the transmission element 9 is designed as a multi-joint mechanism, in particular as a four-joint mechanism arranged in a trapezoidal manner.

[0073] exist Figure 1 In, but also Figure 2 , 4 and 5, the first operating element 3 can also be seen, which is provided with a first matching element 20 that matches the control curve 7 on the one hand, and is connected to the cable 14 of the switching device of the automatic transmission of the motor vehicle on the other hand.

[0074] The first operating element 3 is here movably mounted in a second operating element 17 , which is provided, on the one hand, with a second engagement element for engagement with a second control curve (not shown) and, on the other hand, is supported on the spring element 5 .

[0075] In addition, Figures 1 to 6 The housing plate 25 is also shown, on which the actuator is arranged. Figures 1 to 6 It can be seen from the view of FIG. 1 that the spring element 5 is supported on the one hand on a housing component 16 of the actuator and on the other hand on an actuating element 17 .

[0076] Reference numerals list

[0077] 1 Drive shaft

[0078] 2 Drive device

[0079] 3 Control elements

[0080] 4 Rotating elements

[0081] 5 Spring element

[0082] 6 discs

[0083] 7 Control Curve

[0084] 8 Transmission

[0085] 9 Transmission elements

[0086] 10 Rotation axis of transmission element

[0087] 11 Screw

[0088] 12 Additional control elements

[0089] 13 Gears

[0090] 14 Pull Wire

[0091] 15 End of transmission element

[0092] 16 Shell components

[0093] 17 Control elements

[0094] 18 hinge points

[0095] 19 hinge points

[0096] 20 shots

[0097] 21 First state

[0098] 22 Second state

[0099] 23. First state

[0100] 24 Second state

[0101] 25 Shell plate

[0102] 26 Magnetic holding device.

Claims

1. An actuator comprising: a drive device (2) for driving a drive shaft (1); a first operating element (3) operatively connected to the drive shaft (1); a spring element (5), which can be supported on a housing component (16) of the actuator on the one hand and on a second operating element (17) configured to tension the spring element (5) on the other hand, wherein: A rotary element (4) is provided which can be driven by means of the drive shaft (1) and is rotatably supported, characterized in that a further operating element (12) is provided for operating a switching device, the further operating element is operatively connected to the first operating element (3), and a transmission device (8) having a transmission element (9) is provided between the first operating element (3) and the further operating element (12) of the switching device, the rotary element (4) having a first control curve (7) and a second control curve, the first control curve being operatively connected to the first operating element (3), a second matching element of the second operating element (17) matching in the second control curve to tension the spring element (5), wherein the first operating element (3) is movably supported in the second operating element (17).

2. The actuator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shape of the transmission element (9) is asymmetrical at least on one side.

3. The actuator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission element (9) is designed as a rod (20).

4. The actuator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rod (20) is constructed in multiple parts.

5. The actuator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The transmission element (9) is received on the first operating element (3) and / or on a further operating element (12) of the switching device.

6. The actuator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The transmission element (9) is mounted so as to be rotatable about at least one rotation axis (10).

7. The actuator according to claim 6, characterized in that: The at least one rotation axis (10) coincides with at least one hinge point (18, 19), or the at least one rotation axis (10) is located outside the region between the hinge points (18, 19).

8. The actuator according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rotating shaft (10) is arranged on an end (15) of the transmission element (9).

9. Actuator according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 4, characterized in that The transmission element (9) is arranged inside the housing of the actuator.

10. The actuator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission element (9) is designed as a gear pair.

11. The actuator according to claim 10, characterized in that: A toothed rack for a gear of the gear pair is arranged on a further actuating element (12) and on the first actuating element (3) for actuating the switching device.

12. Actuator according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 4, characterized in that The transmission element (9) is constructed as a multi-joint mechanism.

13. Actuator according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 4, characterized in that A screw (11) is arranged on the drive shaft (1), and the rotating element (4) is driven by the screw via a gear assembly (13).

14. The actuator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The transmission element (9) is designed as a bent rod or an angle rod.

15. The actuator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rod (20) is designed as a rigid unit.

16. The actuator according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rotation axis (10) is arranged between an articulation point (18) of the transmission element (9) on the first actuating element (3) and an articulation point (19) of the transmission element (9) on a further actuating element (12) of the switching device.

17. The actuator according to claim 10, characterized in that: The transmission element (9) is designed as an eccentrically arranged gear wheel pair.

18. The actuator according to claim 12, characterized in that: The transmission element (9) is designed as a four-joint mechanism arranged in a trapezoidal shape.

19. A device for engaging a parking lock of an automatic transmission of a motor vehicle, comprising an actuator according to any one of claims 1 to 18.

20. A motor vehicle having an automatic transmission and a device according to claim 19 interacting with the automatic transmission.

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