A vibration damping device and a vibration damping method

Abstract

The application discloses a damping device and a damping method, which combines a friction generator with a damping component, so that the friction generator outputs an electric signal under the action of an external vibration source, and when the electric signal is transmitted to the damping component, the electric signal can adjust the inherent frequency of the damping component itself, so that the adjusted inherent frequency is different from the vibration frequency provided by the external vibration source, so that the damping component and the external vibration source cannot achieve resonance, thereby achieving the purpose of damping; and since the electric signal is provided by the friction generator, an external excitation power supply is not needed, the dependence on the external excitation power supply is reduced, and passive damping is achieved; in addition, the damping device does not need a complex structure, and only needs to combine the friction generator with the damping component to achieve damping, so that the structural complexity of the damping device is effectively simplified, the manufacturing cost of the damping device is reduced, and the manufacturing efficiency of the damping device is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of vibration reduction technology, in particular to a vibration reduction device and a vibration reduction method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Traditional vibration reduction devices mainly include three types of active type, semi-active type and passive type, wherein the passive type vibration reduction device (such as rubber, spring) has the advantages of simple structure and low cost, but its mechanical parameters are fixed, and it is difficult to meet the complex vibration suppression requirements of wide frequency time-varying; the active type and semi-active type vibration reduction devices can adjust their parameters in a certain frequency band according to external excitation in real time to realize dynamic and adaptive vibration reduction. At present, most of the active type and semi-active type vibration reduction devices need external stable excitation power when realizing the function of vibration reduction, and also need complex signal acquisition and control feedback system, so that the vibration reduction device is limited by external excitation power, and needs complex structure to realize. SUMMARY

[0003] The embodiment of the present application provides a vibration reduction device and a vibration reduction method, which can realize vibration reduction without external excitation power, and can make the structure of the vibration reduction device simpler and more portable.

[0004] In a first aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides a vibration reduction device, comprising: a friction generator and a vibration reduction component connected electrically;

[0005] Under the action of an external vibration source, the friction generator outputs an electric signal, and the electric signal is used to adjust the natural frequency of the vibration reduction component, so that the adjusted natural frequency is different from the vibration frequency currently provided by the external vibration source.

[0006] In a second aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides a vibration reduction method, comprising:

[0007] Under the action of an external vibration source, the friction generator outputs an electric signal, so that: the electric signal adjusts the natural frequency of the vibration reduction component, so that the adjusted natural frequency is different from the vibration frequency currently provided by the external vibration source.

[0008] The present application has the following advantages:

[0009] The vibration damping device and the vibration damping method provided by the embodiment of the present application combine the friction generator with the vibration damping component, so that the friction generator outputs an electric signal under the action of the external vibration source, and the electric signal can adjust the inherent frequency of the vibration damping component when the electric signal is transmitted to the vibration damping component, so that the adjusted inherent frequency is different from the vibration frequency provided by the external vibration source, so that the vibration damping component and the external vibration source cannot achieve resonance, thereby achieving the purpose of damping; and since the electric signal is provided by the friction generator, an external excitation power supply is not needed, the dependence on the external excitation power supply is reduced, and passive damping is achieved; in addition, the vibration damping device does not need a complex structure, and only needs to combine the friction generator with the vibration damping component to achieve damping, thereby effectively simplifying the structural complexity of the vibration damping device, reducing the manufacturing cost of the vibration damping device, and improving the manufacturing efficiency of the vibration damping device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a vibration damping device provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0011] Figure 2 FIG. 2 is a specific structural schematic diagram of a vibration damping component provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0012] Figure 3 FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of a friction generator provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0013] Figure 4 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the setting position of a vibration damping device provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0014] Figure 5 FIG. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of another vibration damping device provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0015] Figure 6 FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of adjusting the inherent frequency of a vibration damping component provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0016] Figure 7 FIG. 7 is another schematic diagram of adjusting the inherent frequency of a vibration damping component provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0017] Figure 8 FIG. 8 is still another schematic diagram of adjusting the inherent frequency of a vibration damping component provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 9 FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the damping effect provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0019] 10-Triboelectric generator, 11-First friction structure, 11a-First conductive layer, 12-Second friction structure, 12a-Dielectric layer, 12b-Second conductive layer, 20-Vibration damping component, 21-Housing, 22-Adjustable module, 22a-First electrode, 22b-Second electrode, 22c-Electroronic fluid, 30-Switch, m1-External vibration source, m2-Vibration damping object, m3 indicates damping, m4 indicates stiffness. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The specific embodiments of a vibration reduction device and method provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the described embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] This invention provides a vibration damping device, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it may include: a triboelectric generator 10 and a vibration damping component 20 that are electrically connected;

[0022] Under the action of the external vibration source m1, the triboelectric generator 10 outputs an electrical signal S0. The electrical signal S0 is used to adjust the natural frequency of the vibration damping component 20, so that the adjusted natural frequency is different from the vibration frequency currently provided by the external vibration source m1.

[0023] Thus, by combining the triboelectric generator with the vibration damping component, the triboelectric generator outputs an electrical signal under the action of an external vibration source. When this electrical signal is transmitted to the vibration damping component, it can adjust the natural frequency of the vibration damping component itself, so that the adjusted natural frequency is different from the vibration frequency provided by the external vibration source, making it impossible for the vibration damping component and the external vibration source to resonate, thereby achieving the purpose of vibration reduction.

[0024] Furthermore, since the electrical signal is provided by the triboelectric generator, no external excitation power supply is required, reducing dependence on external excitation power supply and achieving passive vibration reduction.

[0025] Furthermore, this vibration damping device does not require a complex structure; it only requires combining a triboelectric generator with vibration damping components to achieve vibration reduction. This effectively simplifies the structural complexity of the vibration damping device, reduces its manufacturing cost, and improves its manufacturing efficiency.

[0026] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the vibration damping component 20 includes: a housing 21, and an adjustable module 22 located inside the housing 21, the adjustable module 22 being electrically connected to the triboelectric generator 10;

[0027] The electrical signal is specifically used to adjust the rigidity of the adjustable module 22 to adjust the natural frequency.

[0028] In this way, the friction generator can provide the vibration output electrical signal from the external vibration source, which can adjust the rigidity of the adjustable module, and then adjust the natural frequency of the damping component, so as to ensure that the natural frequency of the adjusted damping component is inconsistent with the external excitation frequency (i.e. the vibration frequency), and to achieve large amplitude suppression in the damping frequency band by avoiding resonance.

[0029] Of course, in some embodiments, the electrical signal can also adjust the damping and / or other performance of the adjustable module to adjust the natural frequency, so as to ensure that the natural frequency of the adjusted damping component is inconsistent with the external excitation frequency (i.e. the vibration frequency), and to achieve large amplitude suppression in the damping frequency band by avoiding resonance.

[0030] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 2 The adjustable module 22 includes: a first electrode 22a and a second electrode 22b opposite to each other, and an electro-rheological liquid 22c between the first electrode 22a and the second electrode 22b; the first electrode 22a and the second electrode 22b are electrically connected with the friction generator 10;

[0031] Under the driving of the electrical signal, the substance form of the electro-rheological liquid 22c is converted between the liquid state and the quasi-solid state.

[0032] The working principle of the electro-rheological liquid is shown in Figure 2 As shown in the figure, under the action of a strong electric field, the particles in the electro-rheological liquid 22c are polarized to form a chain structure parallel to the direction of the electric field, and the macroscopic performance is converted from the liquid state to the quasi-solid state, i.e. from state (a) to state (b). This phenomenon can be called electro-rheological effect, which can greatly enhance the rigidity and damping of the adjustable module 22, so as to adjust its natural frequency.

[0033] Of course, when the electric field strength decreases, the substance form of the electro-rheological liquid can also gradually convert from the quasi-solid state to the liquid state; and the greater the electric field strength, the greater the rigidity and damping of the electro-rheological liquid, and the smaller the electric field strength, the smaller the rigidity and damping of the electro-rheological liquid.

[0034] The friction generator has the characteristics of high voltage output, and by combining the friction generator with the electro-rheological liquid, a strong electric field can be provided to the electro-rheological liquid by the high voltage output by the friction generator to drive the substance form of the electro-rheological liquid to change, so as to adjust the rigidity and damping of the adjustable module, and to achieve the purpose of damping.

[0035] In some embodiments, the shear stress of the electrorheological liquid needs to reach 10 kPa or above under the action of an electric field of 2 kV / mm, so that the material form of the electrorheological liquid changes under the action of a certain electric field intensity to achieve the purpose of vibration reduction.

[0036] In some embodiments, the electrorheological liquid can include electrorheological particles and a dispersing agent, which can be but is not limited to silicone oil, and the electrorheological particles can include but are not limited to mesoporous silica, barium carbonate oxalate particles, titanium dioxide, barium titanate oxalate particles, etc., which can be selected according to actual needs, and are not limited herein.

[0037] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 2 The spacing h0 between the first electrode 22a and the second electrode 22b is 1 mm to 5 mm.

[0038] If the spacing between the first electrode and the second electrode is too large, a very large electric field needs to be provided to control the conversion of the electrorheological liquid from a liquid state to a quasi-solid state, while the output voltage of the friction generator is limited by factors such as the size, friction area, and structure of the friction generator, which increases the requirements for the output voltage of the friction generator, limits the types of friction generators that can be selected, narrows the application range, and increases the manufacturing cost of the friction generator and the volume of the vibration reduction device.

[0039] If the spacing between the first electrode and the second electrode is too small, it may be difficult to convert from a liquid state to a quasi-solid state due to the particle size of the electrorheological liquid, which prevents the adjustment of the stiffness and damping, and further prevents the adjustment of the natural frequency of the adjustable module, and thus the purpose of vibration reduction cannot be achieved.

[0040] Therefore, by setting the spacing between the first electrode and the second electrode to an appropriate distance, the conversion of the electrorheological liquid from a liquid state to a quasi-solid state can be ensured, and the requirements for the friction generator can be reduced, the manufacturing cost of the friction generator can be reduced, and the volume of the vibration reduction device can be reduced.

[0041] In some embodiments, the friction generator can be in a contact-separation mode to facilitate contact and separation under the action of vibrations provided by an external vibration source to output an electric signal, adjust the natural frequency of the vibration reduction component, and achieve the purpose of vibration reduction.

[0042] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 3 The friction generator 10 includes a first friction structure 11 and a second friction structure 12 arranged opposite to each other, the first friction structure 11 can include a first conductive layer 11a, and the second friction structure 12 can include a dielectric layer 12a and a second conductive layer 12b arranged in layers, the first conductive layer 11a and the dielectric layer 12a contact and separate under the action of vibrations provided by an external vibration source, thereby outputting an electric signal.

[0043] Of course, in some embodiments, the first friction structure can further include: a first conductive layer and a first dielectric layer arranged in a stack, and the second friction structure can include: a second dielectric layer and a second conductive layer arranged in a stack, under the action of the vibration provided by the external vibration source, the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer are in contact and separation, so as to output an electrical signal.

[0044] In some embodiments, the dielectric layer, the first dielectric layer and / or the second dielectric layer can be made of a material with strong electron-attracting ability, or made of a material with strong positive charge; for example but not limited to silica gel, polytetrafluoroethylene, fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer, etc., which can be selected according to actual needs, and is not limited herein.

[0045] In addition, only one of the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer is made of a material with strong electron-attracting ability, or made of a material with strong positive charge, so as to ensure that the friction generator normally outputs an electrical signal.

[0046] The first conductive layer and the second conductive layer can be made of a material with conductive function, for example but not limited to conductive metal, conductive metal oxide, etc., which can be selected according to actual needs, and is not limited herein.

[0047] In some embodiments, the first conductive layer in the friction generator can be electrically connected with the first electrode in the adjustable module, and the second conductive layer in the friction generator can be electrically connected with the second electrode in the adjustable module, so that the electrical signal output by the friction generator can be transmitted to the first electrode and the second electrode, and an electric field is applied to the current variable liquid through the first electrode and the second electrode, so as to adjust the stiffness and damping of the current variable liquid, and realize the adjustment of the natural frequency.

[0048] In combination with Figure 3 As shown in the figure, taking the example that the dielectric layer 12a is made of a material with strong electron-attracting ability, the working principle of the friction generator includes:

[0049] When the dielectric layer 12a and the first conductive layer 11a are in contact, under the action of electrostatic induction, the dielectric layer 12a adsorbs the electrons in the first conductive layer 11a, at the interface where the dielectric layer 12a and the first conductive layer 11a are in contact, the surface of the dielectric layer 12a is negatively charged, the surface of the first conductive layer 11a is positively charged, and the amount of negative charge on the surface of the dielectric layer 12a is equal to the amount of positive charge on the surface of the first conductive layer 11a, reaching a balance state, as state (a), at this time the friction generator 10 will not output an electrical signal;

[0050] Under the action of an external oscillator, the dielectric layer 12a separates from the first conductive layer 11a. The amount of negative charge on the surface of the dielectric layer 12a does not change. As the distance between the dielectric layer 12a and the first conductive layer 11a gradually increases, the electrostatic adsorption capacity of the negative charge on the surface of the dielectric layer 12a to the positive charge on the surface of the first conductive layer 11a gradually weakens, causing the positive charge on the surface of the first conductive layer 11a to gradually decrease. At the same time, under the action of electrostatic induction, a positive charge is induced in the second conductive layer 12b, thereby generating a current in the external circuit (as shown by the arrow in (b)) and outputting a voltage, as in state (b).

[0051] Furthermore, as the distance between the dielectric layer 12a and the first conductive layer 11a gradually increases, the output voltage gradually increases until the electrostatic adsorption capacity of the negative charge on the surface of the dielectric layer 12a to the positive charge on the surface of the first conductive layer 11a decreases to 0, the positive charge on the surface of the first conductive layer 11a decreases to 0, and when the second conductive layer 12b induces a positive charge equal to the negative charge on the surface of the dielectric layer 12a, the output voltage reaches its maximum value, as in state (c).

[0052] If the vibration frequency provided by the external oscillator decreases, the distance between the dielectric layer 12a and the first conductive layer 11a will gradually decrease. The electrostatic adsorption capacity of the negative charge on the surface of the dielectric layer 12a to the positive charge on the surface of the first conductive layer 11a will gradually increase, causing the positive charge on the surface of the first conductive layer 11a to gradually increase. At the same time, under the action of electrostatic induction, the positive charge induced in the second conductive layer 12b will gradually decrease, thereby generating current in the external circuit (as shown by the arrow in (c)) and continuing to output voltage to the outside, as in state (c).

[0053] Furthermore, as the distance between the dielectric layer 12a and the first conductive layer 11a gradually decreases, the output voltage gradually increases until the dielectric layer 12a and the first conductive layer 11a come into contact again (as in state (a)). The electrostatic adsorption capacity of the negative charge on the surface of the dielectric layer 12a to the positive charge on the surface of the first conductive layer 11a reaches its maximum. The amount of positive charge on the surface of the first conductive layer 11a is equal to the amount of negative charge on the surface of the dielectric layer 12a. When the positive charge induced in the second conductive layer 12b decreases to 0, the output voltage reaches its maximum value.

[0054] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the triboelectric generator 10 is located between the external vibration source m1 and the vibration damping component 20. The vibration damping object m2 can be located on the vibration damping component 20, which makes the structure of the vibration damping device more compact and lighter, suitable for a variety of application scenarios.

[0055] Of course, in some embodiments, the triboelectric generator 10 is stacked with the external vibration source m1 (e.g.,Figure 5 The damping component 20 can be arranged at any position (e.g. above or below the frictional generator 10 as shown in the figures) as long as the damping component 20 is electrically connected with the frictional generator 10 and the electrical signal output by the frictional generator 10 can be applied to the damping component 20. In this way, the flexibility of the design of the damping device can be improved to meet the needs of different application scenarios.

[0056] In some embodiments, as shown in the figures, the damping device can further comprise a switch 30 arranged between the frictional generator 10 and the damping component 20. Figure 5

[0057] When the switch 30 is in the on state, the frictional generator 10 is electrically connected with the damping component 20 and the electrical signal S0 is transmitted to the damping component 20.

[0058] When the switch 30 is in the off state, the frictional generator 10 is disconnected with the damping component 20 and the electrical signal S0 can not be transmitted to the damping component 20.

[0059] In this way, the electrical connection between the frictional generator and the damping component can be controlled and the transmission of the electrical signal to the damping component can be controlled to avoid the transmission of the electrical signal to the damping component when it is not needed, thereby avoiding misoperation and improving the accuracy of control.

[0060] In some embodiments, the switch can be controlled by human, of course, the switch can also be controlled by a controller with control function. The control program can be pre-implanted in the controller so that the controller can control the on and off of the switch according to the control program to realize automatic control.

[0061] In some embodiments, the natural frequency of the frictional generator and the natural frequency of the damping component when the electrical signal is not applied to the damping component are the same.

[0062] For example, as shown in the figures, the reason for such arrangement is that: Figure 5

[0063] For example, as shown in the figures, the reason for such arrangement is that: Figure 6 ​​As shown in FIG. 1, when the switch 30 is in the off state, the electric signal output by the frictional generator cannot be transmitted into the damping component, and when the vibration frequency currently provided by the external vibration source (such as f0) is the natural frequency (i.e., f0) of the frictional generator, although the frictional generator can output the maximum voltage at this time, the electric signal cannot be transmitted into the damping component due to the off state of the switch 30, so that the current variable fluid in the damping component can still be in a liquid state, and the stiffness and damping basically do not change. Since the natural frequency of the frictional generator is the same as the natural frequency of the damping component when the electric signal is not applied to the damping component (i.e., the natural frequency of the damping component in the current state), the natural frequency of the damping component in the current state is the same as the vibration frequency currently provided by the external vibration source, and both are f0, the damping component resonates, and the amplitude of the damping component reaches the maximum, as shown in FIG. 1. Figure 6

[0064] As shown in FIG. 1, when the switch 30 is in the on state, if the vibration frequency currently provided by the external vibration source (such as f0) is the natural frequency (i.e., f0) of the frictional generator, the spacing between the dielectric layer 12a and the first conductive layer 11a is the maximum (or the minimum), and at this time, the electric signal output by the frictional generator is the maximum. When the electric signal is loaded on the first electrode 22a and the second electrode 22b, the current variable fluid can be converted from a liquid state to a quasi-solid state, and the stiffness and damping of the adjustable module are increased. Figure 7

[0065] Based on the following formula 1, where ξ represents the damping ratio, c represents the damping, κ represents the stiffness, κ0 represents the stiffness of the current variable fluid in the liquid state, and ω represents the natural frequency of the damping component.

[0066] ω = [(κ / m) × (1-ξ 2 )] 1 / 2 , ξ = (1 / 2) × c × (κ0 / m) -(1 / 2) ;

[0067] As the damping of the current variable fluid increases, the damping ratio ξ increases. Since the change in damping is smaller than the change in stiffness when the current variable fluid is converted between the liquid state and the quasi-solid state, when the stiffness and the damping are both increased, the natural frequency ω of the damping component can be determined to increase by the above formula 1.

[0068] As shown in FIG. 1, the natural frequency of the damping component increases from f0 to f1, and then the natural frequency f1 of the increased damping component is different from the vibration frequency f0 currently provided by the external vibration source, so as to avoid resonance. Figure 7

[0069] ​​​And, according to the displacement transmission equation (as shown in the following formula 2), λ represents the ratio of the vibration frequency currently provided by the external vibration source device to the natural frequency of the damping component, and T represents the ratio of the amplitude of the damping system to the amplitude of the damping component after the natural frequency of the damping system is adjusted when the damping system and the external vibration source device resonate;

[0070]

[0071] Through the above formula 2, the corresponding relationship between the natural frequency of the damping component and the amplitude of the damping system can be determined, so that the amplitude of the damping system at different natural frequencies can be determined according to the corresponding relationship;

[0072] Therefore, in combination with Figure 7 , when the natural frequency of the damping component increases from f0 to f1, the amplitude of the damping component decreases to a very small value, as shown in Figure 7 , k1, thereby achieving the purpose of damping;

[0073] As shown in Figure 8 , if the vibration frequency currently provided by the external vibration source device (such as f2) is greater than the natural frequency f0 of the friction generator, the spacing between the medium layer 12a and the first conductive layer 11a is not the largest or the smallest, the output electric signal of the friction generator decreases, the current effect is weakened when the electric signal is loaded on the first electrode 22a and the second electrode 22b, the stiffness and damping of the adjustable module are reduced, and then the natural frequency of the damping component is reduced to f0, at this time the natural frequency f0 of the damping component is still different from the vibration frequency f2 currently provided by the external vibration source device, ensuring that the natural frequency of the adjusted damping component and the vibration frequency currently provided by the external vibration source device are again staggered, avoiding resonance, and the amplitude of the damping component is still small, k2, thereby achieving the purpose of damping.

[0074] In Figures 6 to 8 , m3 represents damping, the number of structures indicated by m3 indicates the size of the damping, the more the number, the greater the damping; m4 represents stiffness, the number of structures indicated by m4 indicates the size of the stiffness, the more the number, the greater the stiffness. And in Figure 8 , the structure indicated by m3* is represented by a dashed line, which is to illustrate that the stiffness of the structure indicated by m3* is smaller than the stiffness of the structure indicated by m3, similarly, the structure indicated by m4* is represented by a dashed line, which is to illustrate that the damping of the structure indicated by m4* is smaller than the damping of the structure indicated by m4. In addition, in Figure 7 and Figure 8In the coordinate system of the amplitude and frequency of the damping component, the area indicated by the dashed line represents the area between the curve formed by the amplitude corresponding to each frequency and the abscissa before the natural frequency of the damping component is changed, and the area indicated by the solid line represents the area between the curve formed by the amplitude corresponding to each frequency and the abscissa after the natural frequency of the damping component is changed.

[0075] In this way, the friction generator can adjust the output electrical signal according to the vibration frequency provided by the external vibration source, so as to adjust the stiffness and damping of the adjustable module through the electrical signal, and then adjust the natural frequency of the damping component, realize the self-tuning frequency shifting performance of the damping component, ensure that the natural frequency of the adjusted damping component is always inconsistent with the external excitation frequency, avoid resonance to achieve large amplitude suppression in the damping frequency band, and avoid resonance to achieve self-powered and adaptive damping in a wide frequency band.

[0076] The damping device provided by the embodiment of the present application will be described below in combination with specific embodiments.

[0077] I. The preparation process of the electrorheological liquid.

[0078] Step 1: Dissolve barium chloride in distilled water at 50-70℃ to obtain solution 1;

[0079] Step 2: Dissolve oxalic acid in water at 65℃ in an ultrasonic tank, and then slowly add titanium tetrachloride to obtain solution 2;

[0080] Step 3: Mix solution 1 and solution 2 in an ultrasonic bath at 65℃ to obtain mixed solution 3;

[0081] Step 4: Add urea to the mixed solution 3 to form a white colloid, and cool to room temperature;

[0082] Step 5: Centrifuge the white colloid at high speed to obtain white precipitate, and rinse, filter and dry the white precipitate to obtain white powder, which is a titanium oxalate barium particle coated with urea;

[0083] Step 6: Mix the white powder with silicone oil and homogenize in a high-speed grinder for 2 hours to prepare the electrorheological liquid.

[0084] II. Assembly of the damping device, the damping object and the external vibration source.

[0085] The cantilever beam is used as the damping object, and the length, width and height of the cantilever beam are 13.5 cm, 3 cm and 0.4 mm respectively, and the natural frequency thereof is 15 Hz.

[0086] The length and width of the friction generator are both 8 cm, the medium layer is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, and the first conductive layer is made of aluminum foil, and the natural frequency of the friction generator is also 15 Hz.

[0087] After the prepared electrorheological fluid is assembled and packaged, a damping component with a length of 3 cm, a width of 1 cm and a height of 0.1 cm is formed.

[0088] A laser displacement sensor is arranged above the cantilever beam to facilitate recording of the amplitude of the cantilever beam.

[0089] The external vibration source generator can provide a vibration frequency, and the base displacement of the vibration source is 0.38 mm.

[0090] III. Test of damping effect.

[0091] The damping effect is as shown in Figure 9 , wherein the ordinate represents the normalized result of the amplitude of the cantilever beam, and the abscissa represents the vibration frequency provided by the external vibration source generator.

[0092] In Figure 9 , as shown in curve 1, when the electrical signal output by the friction generator cannot be applied to the damping component, when the vibration frequency provided by the external vibration source generator is 15 Hz, because the natural frequency of the damping component when the electrical signal is not applied to the damping component is 15 Hz, at this time the damping component and the external vibration source generator resonate, and the amplitude reaches the maximum, so the cantilever beam generates the maximum amplitude at 15 Hz.

[0093] As shown in curve 2, when the electrical signal output by the friction generator can be applied to the damping component, the friction generator can dynamically adjust the natural frequency of the damping component according to the vibration frequency provided by the external vibration source generator, so that the vibration frequency provided by the external vibration source generator is always away from the natural frequency of the damping component, so that the amplitude of the cantilever beam is reduced, and the damping effect is achieved.

[0094] Based on the same inventive concept, the damping method provided by the embodiments of the present application can comprise:

[0095] Under the action of the external vibration source generator, the friction generator outputs an electrical signal, so that the electrical signal adjusts the natural frequency of the damping component, so that the adjusted natural frequency is different from the current vibration frequency provided by the external vibration source generator.

[0096] In some embodiments, adjusting the natural frequency of the damping component specifically comprises:

[0097] When the damping component comprises a shell and an adjustable module located in the shell, adjusting the stiffness of the adjustable module to adjust the natural frequency.

[0098] In some embodiments, when the adjustable module comprises an electrorheological fluid, adjusting the stiffness of the adjustable module specifically comprises:

[0099] Under the drive of the electric signal, the substance form of the electro-rheological liquid is converted between liquid state and quasi-solid state.

[0100] It should be emphasized that the damping device and damping method provided by the embodiments of the present application have the following characteristics:

[0101] The embodiment of the present application provides a self-tuning mechanical damping device coupled by a friction generator and an electro-rheological liquid, which ingeniously combines the high-voltage output characteristics of the friction generator and the electro-rheological effect of the electro-rheological liquid, and forms a mechanical damping device with self-tuning stiffness and damping. In the device, the electro-rheological liquid is used as a stiffness adjusting and damping adjusting unit of the damping component, and the driving electric field of the electro-rheological liquid can be generated by the high-voltage output by the friction generator in the contact separation mode.

[0102] Through structural design, the friction generator and the damping component have the same natural frequency, the friction generator adjusts the stiffness and damping of the damping component in real time according to the external time-varying mechanical load (i.e., the external vibration source), realizes the self-tuning frequency shifting performance of the damping device, ensures that the natural frequency of the damping component is always inconsistent with the vibration frequency provided by the external vibration source, and realizes the large-amplitude suppression in the damping frequency band by avoiding resonance.

[0103] The damping device provided by the embodiments of the present application has the advantages of high integration, simple process, low cost, wide applicability and the like, and is easy to be popularized and applied in the field of mechanical damping.

[0104] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application belong to the scope of the claims of the present application and the equivalent technology thereof, the present application also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A vibration damping device, characterized in that, include: Electrically connected friction generator and vibration damping components; Under the action of an external vibration source, the triboelectric generator outputs an electrical signal, which is used to adjust the natural frequency of the vibration damping component so that the adjusted natural frequency is different from the vibration frequency currently provided by the external vibration source. The vibration damping component includes: a housing, and an adjustable module located within the housing, the adjustable module being electrically connected to the triboelectric generator; the electrical signal is specifically used to: adjust the stiffness of the adjustable module to adjust the natural frequency; The adjustable module includes: a first electrode and a second electrode placed opposite each other, and an electrorheological liquid located between the first electrode and the second electrode; both the first electrode and the second electrode are electrically connected to the triboelectric generator; under the drive of the electrical signal, the material state of the electrorheological liquid changes between a liquid state and a solid-like state; the distance between the first electrode and the second electrode is 1 mm to 5 mm.

2. The vibration damping device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The electrorheological liquid includes electrorheological particles and a dispersant, wherein the electrorheological particles include mesoporous silica, barium oxalate carbonate, titanium dioxide, or barium oxalate titanate particles.

3. The vibration damping device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The natural frequency of the triboelectric generator is the same as the natural frequency of the vibration damping component when the electrical signal is not applied to it.

4. The vibration damping device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The triboelectric generator is located between the external vibration source and the vibration damping component.

5. The vibration damping device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The triboelectric generator and the external vibration source are stacked together.

6. The vibration damping device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A switch located between the friction generator and the vibration damping component; When the switch is in the ON state, the triboelectric generator is electrically connected to the vibration damping component, and the electrical signal is transmitted to the vibration damping component; When the switch is in the off state, the triboelectric generator is disconnected from the vibration damping component.

7. A vibration reduction method, characterized in that, include: Under the action of an external vibration source, the triboelectric generator outputs an electrical signal to adjust the natural frequency of the vibration damping component, so that the adjusted natural frequency is different from the vibration frequency currently provided by the external vibration source. Adjusting the natural frequency of the vibration damping component specifically includes: when the vibration damping component includes a housing and an adjustable module located within the housing, adjusting the stiffness of the adjustable module to adjust the natural frequency; Adjusting the stiffness of the adjustable module specifically includes: the adjustable module includes: a first electrode and a second electrode placed opposite each other, and an electrorheological liquid located between the first electrode and the second electrode. The first electrode and the second electrode are both electrically connected to the triboelectric generator. When the distance between the first electrode and the second electrode is 1 mm to 5 mm, the material state of the electrorheological liquid changes between liquid and solid-like states under the drive of the electrical signal.

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