High dynamic range seismic imaging profile gain method, device, medium and equipment

Abstract

The application relates to a high-dynamic-range seismic imaging profile gain method, device, medium and equipment, wherein the method comprises the following steps: normalizing an original seismic profile according to seismic profile data to form a normalized profile and control the fluctuation range of the data; performing nonlinear color scale mapping on the normalized profile to map high-dynamic-range seismic profile data to a low-dynamic-range; calculating the resolution of the seismic profile data mapped to the low-dynamic-range at different scales to obtain the reference brightness of each point; and performing light-shading-light-increasing mapping on the basis of the reference brightness of each point to increase local details and obtain a final display profile. The application can significantly enhance weak signals while retaining the relative size relationship between signals and the detail information of different scales, and realizes adaptive gain of a high-dynamic-range seismic profile.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of geophysical technology, and in particular to a high dynamic range seismic imaging profile gain method, device, medium and equipment. Background Art

[0002] The display of seismic profiles bridges the gap between seismic data processing and interpretation, and is crucial for tasks such as stratigraphic matching, horizon interpretation, and well location planning. Currently, two commonly used seismic profile display methods are direct display and automatic gain control. Direct display linearly maps profile values ​​to corresponding color scales for display. Automatic gain control performs amplitude equalization based on the statistical characteristics of profile data within a specific time and space window before displaying.

[0003] Due to factors such as complex stratigraphic structure, varying coverage times, deep signal attenuation, and local noise interference, seismic profiles often have a large numerical dynamic range: shallow areas, strong reflection surfaces, and areas with high coverage times have strong signals, while other areas are relatively weak. Some weak signal areas, such as deep areas, beneath and near the flanks of salt domes, and within buried hills, are key areas for exploration. The linear mapping of the direct display method, while displaying strong signals, often makes it difficult to distinguish weak signals, affecting practitioners' understanding of the subsurface structure. The amplitude equalization of the automatic control gain method disrupts the relative size relationship between signal amplitudes in different areas, further reducing the strength of weak signals near strong signals. Furthermore, the fixed-size spatiotemporal window given by the automatic control gain method also limits the method's gain for signals of different scales. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a high dynamic range seismic imaging profile gain method, device, medium and equipment, which can significantly enhance weak signals while retaining the relative size relationship between signals and detailed information at different scales, thereby achieving adaptive gain of high dynamic range seismic profiles.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] The high dynamic range seismic imaging profile gain method of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0007] According to the seismic profile data, the original seismic profile is normalized to form a normalized profile to control the fluctuation range of the data;

[0008] Perform nonlinear color scale mapping on the normalized profile to map the high dynamic range seismic profile data to a low dynamic range;

[0009] Calculate the resolution of seismic profile data mapped to the low dynamic range at different scales to obtain the reference brightness of each point;

[0010] Based on the reference brightness of each point, “shading-brightness enhancement” mapping is performed to increase local details and obtain the final display profile.

[0011] In the high dynamic range seismic imaging profile gain method, preferably, the normalization of the original seismic profile is specifically performed as follows:

[0012] The absolute value average of the original seismic profile is:

[0013]

[0014] Where N is the number of imaging points on the cross section; x, y are points on the cross section; L w (x,y) is the value of the section at point (x,y); is the absolute value average of the original seismic profile;

[0015] application The original seismic profile is preliminarily normalized, and the normalization formula is:

[0016]

[0017] Where a is the preset profile display brightness; L(x,y) is the normalized profile.

[0018] In the high dynamic range seismic imaging profile gain method, preferably, the nonlinear color scale mapping is performed on the normalized profile, specifically:

[0019] The nonlinear color scale mapping formula is:

[0020]

[0021] Where, L m The maximum value displayed for the preset cross section, that is, when L(x,y)>L m When L after nonlinear mapping d (x,y)>1, when displayed with L d (x,y)=1 same; L d (x,y) is the cross section after preliminary color scale mapping.

[0022] The high dynamic range seismic imaging profile gain method preferably calculates the resolution of seismic profile data mapped to the low dynamic range at different scales to obtain the reference brightness of each point, specifically:

[0023] Construct a multiscale Gaussian filter:

[0024]

[0025] Where s i is the scale parameter, which characterizes the spatial range of the local filter; β is the filter scale ratio parameter, which is the ratio of the spatial range of the filters of two adjacent scales; G i (x,y,s i ) is a multi-scale Gaussian filter; i is the sequence number; n is the number of multi-scale filters;

[0026] Among them, s i and β satisfy the following relationship

[0027]

[0028] Use a multi-scale Gaussian filter to filter the profile after preliminary mapping:

[0029] V i (x,y,s i )=L d (x,y)*G i (x,y,s i ) (6)

[0030] Where * represents convolution calculation; V i (x,y,s i ) are the filtering results at different scales;

[0031] Compute resolution at different scales:

[0032]

[0033] Where, φ is the sharpening parameter, which represents the ability to retain details; R i (x,y,s i ) is the resolution at different scales; V i (x,y,s i ) and V i+1 (x,y,s i+1 ) are filtering results at different scales;

[0034] Find the scale at each sample point where the contrast is too large:

[0035]

[0036] Where,∈ is the maximum allowed contrast; n is the number of multi-scale filters;

[0037] Determine the reference brightness of each sampling point

[0038] V(x,y)=R j (x,y,s j ) (9)

[0039] Where V(x,y) is the reference brightness of each sampling point; R j (x,y,s j ) is the resolution of the scale where the contrast is too large.

[0040] The high dynamic range seismic imaging profile gain method preferably performs a "shading-brightness enhancement" mapping based on the reference brightness of each point to increase local details and obtain the final display profile, specifically:

[0041] The “shading-light-enhancing” mapping formula is:

[0042]

[0043] Where, L f (x,y) is the final displayed section.

[0044] The high dynamic range seismic imaging profile gain device of the present invention comprises:

[0045] The first processing unit normalizes the original seismic profile according to the seismic profile data to form a normalized profile and control the fluctuation range of the data;

[0046] The second processing unit performs nonlinear color scale mapping on the normalized profile to map the high dynamic range seismic profile data to a low dynamic range;

[0047] The third processing unit calculates the resolution of the seismic profile data mapped to the low dynamic range at different scales to obtain the reference brightness of each point;

[0048] The fourth processing unit performs "light blocking-light enhancement" mapping based on the reference brightness of each point, adds local details, and obtains the final display profile.

[0049] The computer storage medium of the present invention stores a computer program thereon, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the high dynamic range seismic imaging profile gain method are implemented.

[0050] The computer device described in the present invention includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the high dynamic range seismic imaging profile gain method are implemented.

[0051] The present invention has the following advantages due to the adoption of the above technical solution:

[0052] The extended photographic operator gain method of this invention uses nonlinear color scale mapping. The output signal increases as the input signal increases, but the ratio of the two decreases as the input signal increases. This method can significantly enhance weak signals while maintaining the relative magnitude of the signals. Contrast calculated using multiscale filtering is used as a criterion for detail scale. The resulting "shading-enhancing" mapping preserves detail information at different scales. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiment below. The accompanying drawings are for illustration purposes only and are not to be considered as limiting the present invention. Throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to denote the same components. In the drawings:

[0054] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow diagram of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the original seismic profile of the test sample of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the seismic profile after nonlinear color scale mapping of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of reference brightness of the cross section after color scale mapping of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a seismic section after the extended photogrammetry operator gain of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the seismic profile after gaining using the traditional automatic gain control method;

[0060] Figure 7 This is a local magnified image of the seismic section after gain, where (a) is the automatic gain control method and (b) is the extended photography operator method. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the present invention and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art.

[0062] The present invention provides a high dynamic range seismic imaging profile gain method. Based on the data characteristics of the seismic profile, an extended photogrammetry operator suitable for the seismic profile is proposed. While preserving the relative size relationship between signals and detailed information at different scales, weak signals are significantly enhanced, thereby achieving adaptive gain of seismic profiles with a high dynamic range.

[0063] like Figure 1 As shown, the high dynamic range seismic imaging profile gain method provided by the present invention includes the following steps:

[0064] According to the seismic profile data, the original seismic profile is normalized to form a normalized profile to control the fluctuation range of the data. The original seismic profile is as follows: Figure 2 shown.

[0065] Perform nonlinear color scale mapping on the normalized profile to map the high dynamic range seismic profile data to a low dynamic range;

[0066] Calculate the resolution of seismic profile data mapped to the low dynamic range at different scales to obtain the reference brightness of each point;

[0067] Based on the reference brightness of each point, “shading-brightness enhancement” mapping is performed to increase local details and obtain the final display profile.

[0068] In the above embodiment, preferably, the original seismic profile is normalized, specifically as follows:

[0069] The absolute value average of the original seismic profile is:

[0070]

[0071] Where N is the number of imaging points on the cross section; x, y are points on the cross section; L w (x,y) is the value of the section at point (x,y); is the absolute value average of the original seismic profile;

[0072] application The original seismic profile is preliminarily normalized, and the normalization formula is:

[0073]

[0074] Where a is the preset profile display brightness; L(x,y) is the normalized profile.

[0075] In the above embodiment, preferably, nonlinear color scale mapping is performed on the normalized profile, specifically:

[0076] The nonlinear color scale mapping formula is:

[0077]

[0078] Where, L m The maximum value displayed for the preset cross section, that is, when L(x,y)>L m When L after nonlinear mapping d (x,y)>1, when displayed with L d (x,y)=1, L d (x,y) is the cross section after preliminary color scale mapping.

[0079] Among them, the seismic profile after nonlinear color scale mapping is as follows Figure 3 shown.

[0080] In the above embodiment, preferably, the resolution of the seismic profile data mapped to the low dynamic range at different scales is calculated to obtain the reference brightness of each point, specifically:

[0081] Construct a multiscale Gaussian filter:

[0082]

[0083] Where s i is the scale parameter, which characterizes the spatial range of the local filter; β is the filter scale ratio parameter, which is the ratio of the spatial range of the filters of two adjacent scales; G i (x,y,s i ) is a multi-scale Gaussian filter; i is the sequence number; n is the number of multi-scale filters;

[0084] Among them, s i and β satisfy the following relationship

[0085]

[0086] Use a multi-scale Gaussian filter to filter the profile after preliminary mapping:

[0087] V i (x,y,s i )=L d (x,y)*G i (x,y,s i ) (6)

[0088] Where * represents convolution calculation; V i (x,y,s i ) are the filtering results at different scales;

[0089] Compute resolution at different scales:

[0090]

[0091] wherein φ is a sharpening parameter, representing the ability of detail preservation; R i (x,y,s i ) is the resolution at different scales; V i (x,y,s i ) and V i+1 (x,y,s i+1 ) are the filtering results at different scales;

[0092] Finding the scale with too large contrast for each sampling point:

[0093]

[0094] wherein ∈ is the maximum allowed contrast; n is the number of multi-scale filters;

[0095] Determining the reference brightness of each sampling point

[0096] V(x,y)=R j (x,y,s j ) (9)

[0097] wherein V(x,y) is the reference brightness of each sampling point; R j (x,y,s j ) is the resolution at the scale with too large contrast.

[0098] wherein the reference brightness of the section after tone mapping is shown in Figure 4 .

[0099] In the above embodiment, preferably, on the basis of the reference brightness of each point, "dim-bright" mapping is performed to increase local details, and the final display section is obtained, specifically:

[0100] The "dim-bright" mapping formula is:

[0101]

[0102] wherein L f (x,y) is the final display section.

[0103] wherein the seismic section after gain by the present application is shown in Figure 5 ; as a comparison, Figure 6 the result of automatic gain control method is shown in Figure 7 , and the two methods are shown in the enlarged contrast map.

[0104] From Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7It can be seen that the nonlinear color scale mapping of the extended photographic operator gain method increases the output signal as the input signal increases, but the ratio of the two decreases as the input signal increases. This can significantly enhance weak signals while maintaining the relative size relationship between signals.

[0105] The present invention also provides a high dynamic range seismic imaging profile gain device, comprising:

[0106] The first processing unit normalizes the original seismic profile according to the seismic profile data to form a normalized profile and control the fluctuation range of the data;

[0107] The second processing unit performs nonlinear color scale mapping on the normalized profile to map the high dynamic range seismic profile data to a low dynamic range;

[0108] The third processing unit calculates the resolution of the seismic profile data mapped to the low dynamic range at different scales to obtain the reference brightness of each point;

[0109] The fourth processing unit performs "light blocking-light enhancement" mapping based on the reference brightness of each point, adds local details, and obtains the final display profile.

[0110] The present invention also provides a computer storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the above-mentioned high dynamic range seismic imaging profile gain method steps.

[0111] The present invention also provides a computer device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the above-mentioned high dynamic range seismic imaging profile gain method steps when executing the computer program.

[0112] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high dynamic range seismic imaging profile gain method, characterized in that: The steps include: According to the seismic profile data, the original seismic profile is normalized to form a normalized profile to control the fluctuation range of the data; Perform nonlinear color scale mapping on the normalized profile to map the high dynamic range seismic profile data to a low dynamic range; Calculate the resolution of seismic profile data mapped to the low dynamic range at different scales to obtain the reference brightness of each point; Based on the reference brightness of each point, "shading-brightness enhancement" mapping is performed to increase local details and obtain the final display profile.

2. The high dynamic range seismic imaging profile gain method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The normalization of the original seismic profile is specifically as follows: The absolute value average of the original seismic profile is: Where N is the number of imaging points on the cross section; x, y are points on the cross section; L w (x,y) is the value of the section at point (x,y); is the absolute value average of the original seismic profile; application The original seismic profile is preliminarily normalized, and the normalization formula is: Where a is the preset profile display brightness; L(x,y) is the normalized profile.

3. The high dynamic range seismic imaging profile gain method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The nonlinear color scale mapping is performed on the normalized profile, specifically: The nonlinear color scale mapping formula is: Where, L m The maximum value displayed for the preset cross section, that is, when L(x,y)>L m When L after nonlinear mapping d (x,y)>1, when displayed with L d (x,y)=1 same; L d (x,y) is the cross section after preliminary color scale mapping.

4. The high dynamic range seismic imaging profile gain method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The calculation maps the resolution of the seismic profile data at different scales in the low dynamic range to obtain the reference brightness of each point, specifically: Construct a multiscale Gaussian filter: Where s i is the scale parameter, which characterizes the spatial range of the local filter; β is the filter scale ratio parameter, which is the ratio of the spatial range of the filters of two adjacent scales; G i (x,y,s i ) is a multi-scale Gaussian filter; i is the sequence number; n is the number of multi-scale filters; Among them, s i and β satisfy the following relationship Use a multi-scale Gaussian filter to filter the profile after preliminary mapping: V i (x,y,s i )=L d (x,y)*G i (x,y,s i ) (6) Where * represents convolution calculation; V i (x,y,s i ) are the filtering results at different scales; Compute resolution at different scales: Where, φ is the sharpening parameter, which represents the ability to retain details; R i (x,y,s i ) is the resolution at different scales; V i (x,y,s i ) and V i+1 (x,y,s i+1 ) are filtering results at different scales; Find the scale at each sample point where the contrast is too large: Where,∈ is the maximum allowed contrast; n is the number of multi-scale filters; Determine the reference brightness of each sampling point V(x,y)=R j (x,y,s j ) (9) Where V(x,y) is the reference brightness of each sampling point; R j (x,y,s j ) is the resolution of the scale where the contrast is too large.

5. The high dynamic range seismic imaging profile gain method according to claim 4, characterized in that: Based on the reference brightness of each point, a "shading-brightness enhancement" mapping is performed to increase local details and obtain the final display profile, specifically: The "shading-light-enhancing" mapping formula is: Where, L f (x,y) is the final displayed section.

6. A high dynamic range seismic imaging profile gain device, characterized in that: include: The first processing unit normalizes the original seismic profile according to the seismic profile data to form a normalized profile and control the fluctuation range of the data; The second processing unit performs nonlinear color scale mapping on the normalized profile to map the high dynamic range seismic profile data to a low dynamic range; The third processing unit calculates the resolution of the seismic profile data mapped to the low dynamic range at different scales to obtain the reference brightness of each point; The fourth processing unit performs "shading-brightness enhancement" mapping based on the reference brightness of each point, adds local details, and obtains the final display profile.

7. A computer storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the high dynamic range seismic imaging profile gain method described in any one of claims 1 to 5 are implemented.

8. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the high dynamic range seismic imaging profile gain method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 are implemented.

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