Cutterhead with water pumping function and tunneling machine

Abstract

The application discloses a cutter head with a water pumping and discharging function and a tunneling machine. The cutter head with the water pumping and discharging function comprises a cutter head main body, at least one first multi-way valve and a plurality of water conveying pipelines are arranged on the cutter head main body and away from a working face side. The first multi-way valve has a plurality of inlets and at least one outlet. The first ends of the plurality of water conveying pipelines are connected with the inlets of the corresponding first multi-way valves respectively. The second ends of the plurality of water conveying pipelines extend to the edges close to the cutter head main body, pass through the cutter head main body and extend to the cutter head main body and the side facing the working face. The second ends of the plurality of water conveying pipelines are distributed along the circumferential direction of the cutter head main body. The application solves the technical problem of poor water discharging effect of the cutter head.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunneling machines, and more particularly to a cutterhead and tunneling machine with a drainage function. Background Technology

[0002] The cutterhead is a key component of a tunnel boring machine (TBM), playing a crucial role in excavating rock and stabilizing the surrounding rock. Currently, most TBM cutterheads are suitable for horizontal tunnels or tunnels with gentle slopes. However, if the geological conditions are rich in water and excessive water accumulates inside the cutterhead, existing cutterheads cannot effectively drain the water. The excavated rock will flow with the water and fail to fall onto the conveyor belt, severely impacting the effective removal of excavated material. Severe water accumulation can also damage the main drive seal, potentially leading to seal failure. Furthermore, excessive water accumulation makes it difficult for maintenance personnel to inspect and replace the cutterhead's cutting tools. With technological advancements, the demand for steep-slope tunnels is increasingly prominent, especially during steep downward excavation. The probability of varying degrees of water accumulation at the bottom of the tunnel face increases significantly, severely impacting tunneling efficiency and posing safety hazards to maintenance personnel.

[0003] In recent years, with the rapid development of coal mining, military industry, pumped storage and other fields, the demand for steep-slope tunnels has increased, and the geology has become more and more complex. In particular, conventional TBM cutterheads can no longer meet the current working conditions when tunneling down steep slopes with severe water accumulation, which seriously affects the progress of projects and severely restricts economic development.

[0004] There is currently no effective solution to the problem of poor drainage of the cutter head in related technologies.

[0005] Therefore, based on years of experience and practice in related industries, the inventor proposes a cutterhead and tunneling machine with drainage function to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a cutterhead and tunneling machine with drainage function, which not only solves the problem that the cutterhead cannot adapt to water accumulation in the tunnel face during steep downward tunneling or water accumulation in the cutterhead during horizontal tunneling, but also is simple to operate, convenient to use, and highly applicable.

[0007] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following methods:

[0008] The present invention provides a cutterhead with a drainage function. The cutterhead includes a cutterhead body. At least one first multi-way valve and multiple water supply pipes are provided on the cutterhead body and on the side facing away from the working face. The first multi-way valve has multiple inlets and at least one outlet. The first ends of the multiple water supply pipes are respectively connected to the inlets of the corresponding first multi-way valves. The second ends of the multiple water supply pipes extend to the edge near the cutterhead body and pass through the cutterhead body to extend out of the cutterhead body and face the working face.

[0009] The second ends of the multiple water supply pipes are distributed circumferentially along the body of the cutter head.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the water supply pipeline includes a main water supply pipe and multiple branch water supply pipes. One end of the main water supply pipe is connected to the inlet of the first multi-way valve, and the other end of the main water supply pipe is connected to one end of the multiple branch water supply pipes. The other ends of the multiple branch water supply pipes extend to the edge near the cutterhead body and pass through the cutterhead body to extend out of the cutterhead body and face the working face.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the main water supply pipe and the multiple branch water supply pipes are connected by a second multi-way valve.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the water supply main pipe and the first multi-way valve, the water supply main pipe and the second multi-way valve, and the multiple water supply branch pipes and the second multi-way valve are all detachably connected.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the main water supply pipe is disassembled from the first multi-way valve, a plug is provided at the valve port of the first multi-way valve.

[0014] When the main water supply pipe is disassembled from the second multi-way valve, and / or when the branch water supply pipe is disassembled from the second multi-way valve, a plug is installed at the valve port of the second multi-way valve.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of protective covers are provided on the cutter head body and on the side facing away from the working face along the extension direction of the water supply pipeline. The protective covers are cylindrical and are provided on the outside of the water supply pipeline.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second ends of the plurality of water supply pipelines are respectively provided with pumping and drainage structural components;

[0017] The drainage structure includes a suction nozzle and a suction pipe. The suction nozzle is located on the cutter head body and faces the working face. One end of the suction nozzle is connected to the suction pipe, and the other end of the suction pipe is connected to the water supply pipeline. A first filter element is provided at the water inlet of the suction nozzle, and a second filter element is provided inside the suction nozzle.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pumping and drainage structure includes a connector and a bend, one end of the suction pipe is connected to the bend through the connector, and the other end of the bend is connected to the water supply pipeline.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the outlet of the first multi-way valve is connected to the main drainage pipe via a rotary joint.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of cutting tools are arranged on the main body of the cutting head and on the side facing the working face.

[0021] The present invention provides a tunneling machine, which includes a front shield and a cutterhead with a drainage function, wherein the cutterhead with the drainage function is connected to the front shield.

[0022] As described above, the features and advantages of the cutterhead and tunneling machine with drainage function of the present invention are as follows: a first multi-way valve and multiple water supply pipelines are provided on the cutterhead body and on the side facing away from the working face. The first ends of the multiple water supply pipelines are respectively connected to the inlet of the corresponding first multi-way valve, and the second ends of the multiple water supply pipelines extend to the edge near the cutterhead body and pass through the cutterhead body to the side facing the working face. Since the second ends of the multiple water supply pipelines are distributed circumferentially along the cutterhead body, even if a sudden surge of water and severe water accumulation occurs at the working face during tunneling, no matter which position the cutterhead rotates to, at least one second end of the water supply pipeline will be below the water surface. This allows the cutterhead to be stopped directly, and the cutter chamber and the working face can be drained through the second ends of the water supply pipelines below the water surface. This not only solves the problem that the cutterhead cannot adapt to water accumulation in the working face during steep downward tunneling or water accumulation inside the cutterhead during horizontal tunneling, but also makes the operation simple and convenient, effectively reducing the labor intensity of the workers. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The accompanying drawings are intended only to illustrate and explain the present invention and do not limit the scope of the invention.

[0024] in:

[0025] Figure 1 : This is a schematic diagram of the cutter head with water extraction and drainage function of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 : This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the cutter head with drainage function of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the cutterhead with drainage function of the present invention in its working state.

[0028] Figure 4 This is the second schematic diagram of the cutterhead with drainage function of the present invention in its working state.

[0029] Figure 5 : This is a schematic diagram of the drainage structure in the cutter head with drainage function of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 6 : This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the protective cover in the cutter head with drainage function of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cutterhead with drainage function of the present invention in a horizontal tunneling state where water accumulates.

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cutterhead of the present invention, which has the function of pumping water out of the tunnel, in a downward tunneling state where water accumulates.

[0033] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings of this invention are:

[0034] 1. Cutter head body; 101. Cutter;

[0035] 2. First multi-way valve; 3. Water supply pipeline;

[0036] 301. Main water supply pipe; 302. Branch water supply pipe;

[0037] 4. Drainage and pumping structural components; 401. First filter element;

[0038] 402. Suction tube; 403. Connector;

[0039] 404, bend; 405, second filter element;

[0040] 406. Suction nozzle; 5. Second multi-way valve;

[0041] 6. Protective cover; 7. Rotary joint;

[0042] 8. Main pipeline; 9. Tunnel. Detailed Implementation

[0043] To provide a clearer understanding of the technical features, objectives, and effects of the present invention, specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0044] Implementation Method 1

[0045] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, the present invention provides a cutterhead with a drainage function. The cutterhead includes a cutterhead body 1, on which a plurality of cutters 101 are arranged on the side facing the working face. On the side facing away from the working face, at least one first multi-way valve 2 and a plurality of water supply pipes 3 are arranged on the cutterhead body 1. The first multi-way valve 2 has a plurality of inlets and at least one outlet. The first ends of the plurality of water supply pipes 3 are respectively connected to the inlets of the corresponding first multi-way valves 2. The second ends of the plurality of water supply pipes 3 extend to the edge near the cutterhead body 1 and pass through the cutterhead body 1 to the side facing the working face. The second ends of the plurality of water supply pipes 3 are distributed circumferentially around the cutterhead body 1 to ensure that, no matter where the cutterhead body 1 is rotated, the second end of the water supply pipe 3 is located at the lower part of the cutterhead body 1, so as to pump out the accumulated water.

[0046] In this invention, a first multi-way valve 2 and multiple water supply pipes 3 are provided on the cutterhead body 1 on the side facing away from the working face. The first ends of the multiple water supply pipes 3 are respectively connected to the inlet of the corresponding first multi-way valve 2, and the second ends of the multiple water supply pipes 3 extend to the edge near the cutterhead body 1 and pass through the cutterhead body 1 to the side facing the working face. Since the second ends of the multiple water supply pipes 3 are distributed circumferentially along the cutterhead body 3, even if a sudden surge of water and severe water accumulation occurs at the working face during the tunneling process, no matter which position the cutterhead is rotated to, at least one second end of the water supply pipe 3 will be below the water surface. This allows the cutterhead to be stopped directly, and the cutter chamber and the working face can be drained through the second ends of the water supply pipes 3 located below the water surface. This not only solves the problem that the cutterhead cannot adapt to water accumulation in the working face during steep downward tunneling or water accumulation in the cutterhead during horizontal tunneling, but also makes the operation simple and convenient, effectively reducing the labor intensity of the workers.

[0047] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, the water supply pipeline 3 includes a main water supply pipe 301 and multiple branch water supply pipes 302. One end of the main water supply pipe 301 is connected to the inlet of the first multi-way valve 2, and the other end of the main water supply pipe 301 is connected to one end of each of the multiple branch water supply pipes 302. The other ends of the multiple branch water supply pipes 302 extend to the edge near the cutterhead body 1 and pass through the cutterhead body 1, extending out to the side facing the working face. The number and arrangement of the main water supply pipe 301 and branch water supply pipes 302 can be adjusted and arranged according to the diameter of the cutterhead body 1 and the arrangement of the cutters 101 on the cutterhead body 1. Increasing the diameter of the cutterhead body 1 allows for an increase in the number of main water supply pipes 301 and branch water supply pipes 302, while decreasing the diameter allows for a decrease in the number of main water supply pipes 301 and branch water supply pipes 302, thereby improving pumping efficiency. The main water supply pipe 301 and branch water supply pipes 302 can be flexible or rigid pipes, depending on the specific working conditions.

[0048] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, the main water supply pipe 301 is connected to multiple branch water supply pipes 302 via a second multi-way valve 5. The second multi-way valve 5 serves as a connection, transition, and water distribution mechanism. In one specific embodiment of the invention, the second multi-way valve 5 is at least a three-way valve, enabling each main water supply pipe 301 to be connected to at least two branch water supply pipes 302 via the second multi-way valve 5, thereby achieving water distribution and improving drainage efficiency.

[0049] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the water supply main pipe 301 is detachably connected to the first multi-way valve 2, the water supply main pipe 301 is detachably connected to the second multi-way valve 5, and the multiple water supply branch pipes 302 are detachably connected to the second multi-way valve 5. This allows for the replacement of each structural component. If a blockage occurs during drainage, the pipes connected to the first multi-way valve 2 and / or the second multi-way valve 5 can be removed for inspection, facilitating maintenance and ensuring normal operation of the pumping and drainage system.

[0050] Furthermore, when the water supply main pipe 301 is disassembled from the first multi-way valve 2, a plug is installed at the valve port of the first multi-way valve 2 to seal the valve port on the first multi-way valve 2 that is not connected to a pipeline.

[0051] Furthermore, when the main water supply pipe 301 is disassembled from the second multi-way valve 5, and / or when the branch water supply pipe 302 is disassembled from the second multi-way valve 5, a plug is installed at the valve port of the second multi-way valve 5 to seal the valve port on the second multi-way valve 5 that is not connected to a pipeline.

[0052] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 , Figure 6 As shown, multiple protective covers 6 are installed on the cutterhead body 1 and on the side facing away from the working face along the extension direction of the water supply pipeline 3. The protective covers 6 are cylindrical and are installed on the outside of the water supply pipeline 3. The protective covers 6 can protect the water supply pipeline 3, preventing damage to the water supply pipeline 3 caused by slag, gravel, etc. during the tunneling process. At the same time, they can also limit the movement of the water supply pipeline 3, preventing it from shaking randomly during the tunneling process.

[0053] Specifically, the protective cover 6 can be welded to a preset position on the cutter head body 1 before the water supply pipeline 3 is laid. After the protective cover 6 is fixed, the water supply pipeline 3 can be installed to facilitate on-site construction. Alternatively, the water supply pipeline 3 can be laid in advance, and the protective cover 6 can be welded after the water supply pipeline 3 is laid, so that the protective cover 6 covers the outside of the water supply pipeline 3.

[0054] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5As shown, the second ends of multiple water supply pipes 3 are respectively equipped with drainage structure components 4; the drainage structure component 4 includes a suction nozzle 406 and a suction pipe 402. The suction nozzle 406 is located on the cutterhead body 1 facing the working face. One end of the suction nozzle 406 is connected to the suction pipe 402, and the other end of the suction pipe 402 is connected to the water supply pipe 3. A first filter element 401 is provided at the water inlet of the suction nozzle 406, and a second filter element 405 is provided inside the suction nozzle 406. In the actual installation process, such as Figure 2 As shown, only the suction nozzle 406 is located on the cutterhead body 1 and faces the working face, to prevent soil and gravel on the working face from damaging the water supply pipeline 3. During the pumping and drainage process, the first filter element 401 and the second filter element 405 filter and block the soil and gravel in the water flow.

[0055] Furthermore, both the first filter element 401 and the second filter element 405 can be filter screens, wherein the filter pores of the first filter element 401 are larger than those of the second filter element 405. The first filter element 401 is used to block gravel with larger particle size, and the second filter element 405 is used to block gravel with smaller particle size.

[0056] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 As shown, the pumping and drainage structure 4 includes a connector 403 and a bend 404. One end of the suction pipe 402 is connected to the bend 404 through the connector 403, and the other end of the bend 404 is connected to the water supply pipeline 3.

[0057] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 2 As shown, there is one first multi-way valve 2, located at the center of the cutterhead body 1 on the side facing away from the working face. The outlet of the first multi-way valve 2 is connected to one end of the main drainage pipe 8 via a rotary joint 7, and the other end of the main drainage pipe 8 is connected to a drainage pump (not shown). During the pumping of accumulated water, the pumped water is collected by each water supply pipe 3 through the first multi-way valve 2 and discharged centrally through the main drainage pipe 8. Because the rotary joint 7 is provided between the first multi-way valve 2 and the main drainage pipe 8, the first multi-way valve 2 can rotate synchronously with the cutterhead body 1, while the main drainage pipe 8 is unaffected.

[0058] The working process of this invention is as follows: when the cutter head with the drainage function is in the first drainage state, such as... Figure 3As shown, the cutterhead is stopped from tunneling to prepare for pumping water from the cutterhead chamber. At this time, the area corresponding to 180° to 270° on the cutterhead body 1 is located at the bottom of the working face. Therefore, one end of the water supply branch pipe 302 located in the area corresponding to 180° to 270° on the cutterhead body 1 (i.e., the area between the edge corresponding to 180° to 270° on the cutterhead body 1 and the first multi-way valve 2) needs to be connected to the corresponding pumping and drainage structure 4. The other end of the water supply branch pipe 302 is connected to the second multi-way valve 5. The main water supply pipe 301 connects the second multi-way valve 5 to the first multi-way valve 2, and simultaneously... The unused valve ports on the second multi-way valve 5 and the first multi-way valve 2 are sealed with plugs. The drainage pump is then turned on, and the water accumulated in the cutter head chamber and the bottom of the working face is pumped out sequentially through the drainage structure 4, the water supply branch pipe 302, the water supply main pipe 301, and the main drainage pipe 8. During the drainage process, the cutter head can be jogged (i.e., the operator controls the cutter head to rotate within a small range to ensure that the area corresponding to 180° to 270° on the cutter head body 1 is always at the bottom of the working face) to make appropriate adjustments to the position of the cutter head. When the cutter head with drainage function is in the second drainage state, such as Figure 4 As shown, the cutterhead is controlled to stop tunneling and prepare to pump water from the cutter chamber. At this time, the area corresponding to 180° on the cutterhead body 1 and the areas on both sides of 180° are located at the bottom of the working face. Therefore, one end of the water supply branch pipe 302 in the area corresponding to 180° on the cutterhead body 1 and the areas on both sides of 180° needs to be connected to the corresponding drainage structure 4. The other end of the water supply branch pipe 302 is connected to the second multi-way valve 5. The main water supply pipe 301 connects the second multi-way valve 5 to the first multi-way valve 2. At the same time, the unused valve ports on the second multi-way valve 5 and the unused valve ports on the first multi-way valve 2 are sealed with plugs. The drainage pump is turned on, and the water accumulated in the cutter chamber and the bottom of the working face is pumped out in sequence through the drainage structure 4, the water supply branch pipe 302, the main water supply pipe 301 and the main drainage pipe 8. In addition, during actual tunneling, the corresponding combination of drainage structure 4, water supply branch pipe 302, water supply main pipe 301 and drainage main pipe 8 can be selected according to the actual position where the cutterhead stops tunneling for drainage operations. It has strong applicability and is not limited by the position where the cutterhead stops.

[0059] The cutterhead of this invention, equipped with a pumping and draining function, can perform bidirectional operation. Firstly, the cutterhead can... Figure 7 When water accumulates during mid-level tunneling, the water in the cutterhead and at the bottom of the tunnel face can be pumped out. Alternatively, water can be pumped out as follows: Figure 8 When water accumulates during downward tunneling, the water in the cutterhead and at the bottom of the tunnel face should be pumped out. Secondly, if the pipeline is blocked, water can be flushed into the pipeline to clear the blockage.

[0060] The features and advantages of the cutter disc with water extraction and drainage function of the present invention are as follows:

[0061] 1. This cutterhead with drainage function ensures that, in the event of a sudden surge of water and severe water accumulation at the tunnel face during excavation, at least one water supply pipe 3 will remain below the water surface regardless of its rotation position. This allows for direct shutdown of the cutterhead and drainage of the cutter chamber and tunnel face via the second end of the water supply pipe 3 below the water surface. This not only solves the problem of the cutterhead being unable to adapt to water accumulation at the tunnel face during steep downward excavation or during horizontal tunnel excavation, but also provides simple operation, ease of use, and effectively reduces the workload of personnel.

[0062] Second, the cutterhead with drainage function can solve the problem of water accumulation in the cutterhead chamber and working face when tunneling down a steep slope.

[0063] Implementation Method 2

[0064] The present invention provides a tunneling machine, which includes a front shield and a cutterhead with a drainage function, the cutterhead being connected to the front shield.

[0065] The above description is merely an illustrative embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art without departing from the concept and principles of the present invention should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cutter head with water pumping function, characterized in that, The cutter head with water pumping function comprises a cutter head body (1), at least one first multi-way valve (2) and a plurality of water delivery pipelines (3) are arranged on the cutter head body (1) and away from a working face side, the first multi-way valve (2) has a plurality of inlets and at least one outlet, the first ends of the plurality of water delivery pipelines (3) are connected with the inlets of the corresponding first multi-way valves (2) respectively, and the second ends of the plurality of water delivery pipelines (3) extend to the edges of the cutter head body (1) and pass through the cutter head body (1) to extend to the cutter head body (1) and face the working face side. The second ends of the plurality of water delivery pipelines (3) are distributed along the circumference of the cutter head body (1) at intervals. The first multi-way valve (2) is arranged at the center of the cutter head body (1) and away from the working face side, the outlet of the first multi-way valve (2) is connected with one end of a water drainage main pipeline (8) through a rotary joint (7), and in the process of pumping and draining the accumulated water, the accumulated water pumped and drained by the water delivery pipelines (3) is converged through the first multi-way valve (2) and is discharged through the water drainage main pipeline (8). The second ends of the plurality of water delivery pipelines (3) are respectively provided with water pumping structure members (4). The water pumping structure member (4) comprises a suction nozzle (406) and a suction pipe (402), the suction nozzle (406) is arranged on the cutter head body (1) and faces the working face side, the suction nozzle (406) is connected with one end of the suction pipe (402), the other end of the suction pipe (402) is connected with the water delivery pipeline (3), a first filter member (401) is arranged at the water inlet of the suction nozzle (406), and a second filter member (405) is arranged in the suction nozzle (406), wherein the first filter member (401) and the second filter member (405) are both filter screens, and the filter holes of the first filter member (401) are larger than the filter holes of the second filter member (405).

2. The cutter head with water pumping function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water delivery pipeline (3) comprises a water delivery main pipe (301) and a plurality of water delivery branch pipes (302), one end of the water delivery main pipe (301) is connected with the inlet of the first multi-way valve (2), the other end of the water delivery main pipe (301) is connected with one end of the plurality of water delivery branch pipes (302), and the other ends of the plurality of water delivery branch pipes (302) extend to the edges of the cutter head body (1) and pass through the cutter head body (1) to extend to the cutter head body (1) and face the working face side.

3. The cutter head with water pumping function according to claim 2, characterized in that, The water delivery main pipe (301) and the plurality of water delivery branch pipes (302) are connected through a second multi-way valve (5).

4. The cutter head with water pumping function according to claim 3, characterized in that, The water delivery main pipe (301) and the first multi-way valve (2), the water delivery main pipe (301) and the second multi-way valve (5), and the plurality of water delivery branch pipes (302) and the second multi-way valve (5) are detachably connected.

5. The cutter head with water pumping function according to claim 4, characterized in that, When the water delivery main pipe (301) and the first multi-way valve (2) are detached, a plug is arranged at the valve port of the first multi-way valve (2). When the water delivery main pipe (301) is detached from the second multi-way valve (5), and / or when the water delivery branch pipe (302) is detached from the second multi-way valve (5), a plug is arranged at the valve port of the second multi-way valve (5).

6. The cutter head with a water pumping function according to claim 1, wherein, A plurality of protective covers (6) are arranged on the cutter head body (1) and on the side facing away from the working face along the extension direction of the water delivery pipeline (3), the protective covers (6) are in a cylindrical shape, and the protective covers (6) are arranged on the outer side of the water delivery pipeline (3).

7. The cutter head with a water pumping function according to claim 1, wherein, The water pumping and discharging structure (4) comprises a connecting head (403) and an elbow (404), one end of the suction pipe (402) is connected to the elbow (404) through the connecting head (403), and the other end of the elbow (404) is connected to the water delivery pipeline (3).

8. The cutter head with water pumping function according to claim 1, characterized in that, A plurality of cutters (101) are arranged on the cutter head body (1) and on the side facing the working face.

9. A heading machine characterized by The tunneling machine comprises a front shield and the cutter head with the water pumping and discharging function according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and the cutter head with the water pumping and discharging function is connected to the front shield.

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