A chain grate with reciprocating grate pieces

Abstract

A chain grate with reciprocating grate plates relates to the technical field of energy-saving and environmentally friendly layer-fired boiler combustion equipment. The present invention aims to solve the problems of the upper part of the existing chain grate catching fire, resulting in incomplete fuel combustion loss, affecting boiler efficiency, the high temperature borne by the reciprocating grate plates, and the grate plates being easily deformed and burned. The present invention comprises a front axle group, a rear axle group, a rotary drive mechanism, two transmission chains, multiple rows of fixed grate plates, multiple rows of movable grate plates, and multiple groups of crank slider mechanisms. The front axle group and the rear axle group are arranged in parallel. Multiple rows of fixed grate plates are fixed in parallel along the length direction between the two transmission chains. A row of movable grate plates is provided between each two adjacent rows of fixed grate plates. Multiple groups of crank slider mechanisms are arranged in parallel along the width direction between the two transmission chains. Multiple rows of movable grate plates reciprocate in the upper part between the front axle group and the rear axle group via the crank slider mechanism. The present invention is used for layer-fired boiler combustion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of energy-saving and environment-friendly grate-fired boiler combustion equipment, and in particular to a chain grate with reciprocating grate pieces. Background Art

[0002] In a layer-fired boiler, the combustion characteristics of the chain grate and the reciprocating grate are basically the same. The fuel is brought into the furnace with the movement of the grate, and begins to burn after being heated by radiation. The fuel is dried and volatile matter is released. After further heating, it ignites and burns to form ash, which is discharged as the grate moves.

[0003] On chain grates, there is no relative movement between the fuel and the grates, and between the fuels themselves. Ignition heat primarily comes from the upper portion, resulting in upper ignition and poor ignition conditions. Failure to properly control fuel characteristics, fuel layer thickness, and grate movement speed can result in incomplete combustion and loss of fuel, impacting boiler efficiency.

[0004] The reciprocating grate significantly disturbs the firebed, pushing the burnt fuel back to the lower unburned fuel layer as it moves. This promotes bottom-up ignition and improves ignition conditions. However, the grates are subject to high temperatures and lack a cooling cycle, making them susceptible to deformation and burnout. Furthermore, the tilted grate surface increases the overall grate height, making the boiler larger. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the problems of fire on the upper part of the existing chain grate, which causes incomplete combustion loss of fuel and affects boiler efficiency, and the high temperature borne by the reciprocating grate grate pieces, and the grate pieces are easily deformed and burned, the present invention proposes a chain grate with reciprocating grate pieces.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is:

[0007] A chain grate with reciprocating grate slices includes a front axle group, a rear axle group, a rotary drive mechanism, two transmission chains, multiple rows of fixed grate slices, multiple rows of movable grate slices and multiple groups of crank slider mechanisms. The front axle group and the rear axle group are arranged in parallel, one end of the front axle group is connected to the rotary drive mechanism, a driving sprocket is provided on both sides of the front axle group, and a driven sprocket is provided on both sides of the rear axle group. The driving sprocket and the driven sprocket on the same side are connected by a transmission chain. Multiple rows of fixed grate slices are fixedly connected in parallel along the length direction between the two transmission chains, and a row of movable grate slices is provided between each two adjacent rows of fixed grate slices. Multiple groups of crank slider mechanisms are arranged in parallel between the two transmission chains along the width direction, and the multiple rows of movable grate slices move back and forth in the upper part between the front axle group and the rear axle group through the crank slider mechanism.

[0008] Furthermore, each row of fixed grate plates is respectively fixed to a fixed plate cross beam, and ends of the fixed plate cross beam are respectively fixed to the transmission chain.

[0009] Furthermore, each row of movable grate plates is fixedly connected to a movable plate crossbeam, and a rotating shaft is provided on the inner side of each movable plate crossbeam. The ends of the rotating shaft are fixedly connected to the transmission chain, and multiple groups of crank slider mechanisms are respectively connected to the rotating shaft.

[0010] Furthermore, each crank slider mechanism includes a rack, multiple gears and multiple connecting rods. The rack is horizontally fixed to the upper part between the front axle group and the rear axle group along the length direction. Each gear is respectively mounted on a rotating shaft. The gear is meshed with the rack. A connecting rod is respectively provided between each gear and the movable plate crossbeam. One end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the movable plate crossbeam, and the other end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the outer edge of the gear.

[0011] Furthermore, the gear is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft.

[0012] Furthermore, the movable grate plates are respectively fixed vertically on the outer end surfaces of the movable plate cross beams, and the movable grate plates are respectively fixed vertically on the outer end surfaces of the fixed plate cross beams.

[0013] Furthermore, each row of movable grate plates is staggered with two adjacent rows of fixed grate plates.

[0014] Furthermore, the movable plate cross beam and the fixed plate cross beam are arranged in parallel.

[0015] Furthermore, the movable plate cross beam is slidably connected to two adjacent fixed plate cross beams respectively.

[0016] Furthermore, the movable plate cross beam and the fixed plate cross beam are arranged to be inclined from outside to inside in the direction of the grate front advance.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The present invention provides a chain grate with reciprocating grate pieces, which combines the advantageous structures of the chain grate and the reciprocating grate and overcomes the operational shortcomings of the two original grates.

[0019] Fuel combustion is achieved through bottom ignition, reducing incomplete combustion losses due to factors such as fuel ignition, fuel characteristics, and fuel thickness, thereby improving boiler efficiency and the range of coal types it can adapt to. The grate fins are cooled when not in operation, reducing their operating temperature and ensuring safety during operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 In the enlarged view at point I in FIG, the direction of the solid arrow indicates the direction of movement of the grate surface S, and the direction of the hollow arrow indicates the reciprocating direction of the movable grate piece 5. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] Specific implementation method 1: Combination Figures 1 to 2 Describe this embodiment. The chain grate with reciprocating grate slices described in this embodiment includes a front axle group 1, a rear axle group 2, a rotary drive mechanism, two transmission chains 3, multiple rows of fixed grate slices 4, multiple rows of movable grate slices 5 and multiple groups of crank slider mechanisms. The front axle group 1 and the rear axle group 2 are arranged in parallel. One end of the front axle group 1 is connected to the rotary drive mechanism. A driving sprocket is provided on both sides of the front axle group 1, and a driven sprocket is provided on both sides of the rear axle group 2. The driving sprocket and the driven sprocket on the same side are connected by a transmission chain 3. Multiple rows of fixed grate slices 4 are fixed in parallel along the length direction between the two transmission chains 3. A row of movable grate slices 5 is provided between each two adjacent rows of fixed grate slices 4. Multiple groups of crank slider mechanisms are arranged in parallel between the two transmission chains 3 along the width direction. Multiple rows of movable grate slices 5 move back and forth in the upper part between the front axle group 1 and the rear axle group 2 through the crank slider mechanism.

[0023] This design drives the front axle group 1 to rotate through the rotary drive mechanism, and the driving sprocket, the driven sprocket and the transmission chain 3 form a chain transmission group. The transmission chain 3 drives the grate surface S composed of the fixed grate plate 4 and the movable grate plate 5 to move forward. At the same time, the movable grate plate 5 is driven by the crank slider mechanism to move back and forth in the upper part between the front axle group 1 and the rear axle group 2.

[0024] The rotation driving mechanism may be a driving motor connected to the rotating shaft of the front axle assembly 1 via a reducer, thereby realizing the rotation of the front axle assembly 1 .

[0025] Specific implementation method 2: Combination Figures 1 to 2 To illustrate this embodiment, each row of fixed grate plates 4 is fixed to a fixed plate crossbeam 6, and the ends of the fixed plate crossbeam 6 are fixed to the transmission chain 3. Other components and connection methods are the same as those of the first embodiment.

[0026] Specific implementation method three: Combination Figures 1 to 2 In this embodiment, each row of movable grate plates 5 is fixedly connected to a movable plate crossbeam 7. A rotating shaft 11 is provided on the inner side of each movable plate crossbeam 7. The ends of the rotating shaft 11 are fixedly connected to the transmission chain 3. Multiple sets of crank slider mechanisms are connected to the rotating shaft 11. Other components and connection methods are the same as those of the second embodiment.

[0027] Specific implementation method four: Combination Figures 1 to 2To describe this embodiment, each crank slider mechanism includes a rack 8, multiple gears 9, and multiple connecting rods 10. The rack 8 is horizontally fixed along its length to the upper portion between the front axle assembly 1 and the rear axle assembly 2. Each gear 9 is mounted on a rotating shaft 11 and meshes with the rack 8. A connecting rod 10 is provided between each gear 9 and the movable plate crossbeam 7. One end of the connecting rod 10 is rotatably connected to the movable plate crossbeam 7, and the other end of the connecting rod 10 is rotatably connected to the outer edge of the gear 9. The other components and connection methods are the same as those of the third embodiment.

[0028] The rack 8 is fixed at the upper part between the front axle group 1 and the rear axle group 2, and is arranged on the inner side of the transmission chain 3. The rotating shaft 11 is fixedly connected to the transmission chain 3. When the transmission chain 3 moves forward, it drives the rotating shaft 11 and the movable plate crossbeam 7 and the fixed plate crossbeam 6 to move forward together. When it moves to the upper end of the rack 8, the gear 9 on the rotating shaft 11 engages with the rack 8, and the gear 9 rotates clockwise around the rotating shaft 11, and the connecting rod 10 pulls the movable plate crossbeam 7 to move back and forth.

[0029] Specific implementation method five: Combination Figures 1 to 2 In this embodiment, the gear 9 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 11. Other components and connection methods are the same as those of the fourth embodiment.

[0030] This design enables relative rotation between the gear 9 and the transmission chain 3 .

[0031] Specific implementation method six: combination Figures 1 to 2 In this embodiment, the movable grate plates 5 are respectively fixed vertically to the outer end faces of the movable plate cross beams 7, and the movable grate plates 5 are respectively fixed vertically to the outer end faces of the fixed plate cross beams 6. Other components and connection methods are the same as those of the third embodiment.

[0032] Specific implementation method seven: combination Figures 1 to 2 In this embodiment, each row of movable grate plates 5 is staggered with two adjacent rows of fixed grate plates 4. Other components and connection methods are the same as those of the sixth embodiment.

[0033] Specific implementation method eight: combination Figures 1 to 2 In this embodiment, the movable plate cross beam 7 and the fixed plate cross beam 6 are arranged in parallel. Other components and connection methods are the same as those of the seventh embodiment.

[0034] Specific implementation method nine: Combination Figures 1 to 2 In this embodiment, the movable cross beam 7 is slidably connected to two adjacent fixed cross beams 6. Other components and connection methods are the same as those of the eighth embodiment.

[0035] This design ensures that the movable sheet cross beam 7 is always kept between the two fixed sheet cross beams 6 during the reciprocating movement, thereby ensuring that the relative position of the movable grate sheet 5 and the fixed grate sheet 4 does not change.

[0036] Specific implementation method ten: Combination Figures 1 to 2 In this embodiment, the movable plate cross beam 7 and the fixed plate cross beam 6 are arranged obliquely from outside to inside in the direction of the grate front. Other components and connection methods are the same as those of the ninth embodiment.

[0037] How it works

[0038] The present invention designs the grate fins in the chain grate into a staggered, reciprocating structure, arranged according to the number of rows. A rack 8 is provided at the bottom of the advancing grate surface, serving as a fixed component. The movable grate fins 5 and the movable grate crossbeam 7 are connected to gears 9, connecting rods 10, and other components to form an integral movable unit. The lower portion of each row of fixed grate fins 4 is connected as a whole by an independent fixed grate crossbeam 6, and the lower portion of each row of movable grate fins 5 is connected as a whole by an independent movable grate crossbeam 7. Several racks 8 are arranged transversely across the grate surface S, with gears 9 and connecting rods 10 arranged at corresponding positions to cooperate with them, forming a crank slider mechanism with the movable grate crossbeam 7.

[0039] During the operating stroke, the grate fins move forward, driven by the rotation of the front axle assembly 1. As the grate surface S moves forward, gear 9 and rack 8 move relative to each other, causing gear 9 to rotate from front to back. This rotation is converted via connecting rod 10 into reciprocating relative movement of the movable grate fins 5 parallel to the fixed grate fins 4, disrupting the fire bed and loosening compacted fuel. The grate fins reach the upper portion corresponding to the rear axle, where the fuel burns out.

[0040] The distance between the front axle group 1 and the rear axle group 2 is smaller than the length of the lower transmission chain 3 between the front axle group 1 and the rear axle group 2 .

[0041] During the idle return stroke, the grate slices begin to fall at the rear axle assembly 2 and return to the front axle assembly 1 at the bottom of the grate. During the return process, the fixed grate slices 4, the movable grate slices 5, the fixed slice crossbeams 6, the movable slice crossbeams 7, the gears 9, the connecting rods 10, etc. are not subject to any load other than gravity and are in a relaxed state. This is also the process of cooling down the movable parts, reducing the temperature of the grate slices and ensuring that the grate slices are in a low temperature state when entering the working state and will not be burned by the high temperature of the fuel combustion.

[0042] Although the present invention is described herein with reference to specific embodiments, it should be understood that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and applications of the invention. It should be understood that many modifications may be made to the illustrative embodiments, and that other arrangements may be devised, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. It should be understood that the various dependent claims and features described herein may be combined in ways other than those described in the original claims. It should also be understood that features described in conjunction with individual embodiments may be employed in conjunction with other described embodiments.

Claims

1. A chain grate with reciprocating grate plates, characterized by: It comprises a front axle group (1), a rear axle group (2), a rotary drive mechanism, two transmission chains (3), multiple rows of fixed grate fins (4), multiple rows of movable grate fins (5) and multiple groups of crank slider mechanisms. The front axle group (1) and the rear axle group (2) are arranged in parallel. One end of the front axle group (1) is connected to the rotary drive mechanism. A driving sprocket is provided on both sides of the front axle group (1). A driven sprocket is provided on both sides of the rear axle group (2). The driving sprocket and the driven sprocket on the same side are connected by a transmission chain (3). Multiple rows of fixed grate fins (4) are fixedly connected in parallel along the length direction between the two transmission chains (3). A row of movable grate fins (5) is provided between each two adjacent rows of fixed grate fins (4). Multiple groups of crank slider mechanisms are arranged in parallel along the width direction between the two transmission chains (3). Each row of movable grate plates (5) is fixedly connected to a movable plate cross beam (7), and a rotating shaft (11) is provided on the inner side of each movable plate cross beam (7). The ends of the rotating shaft (11) are fixedly connected to the transmission chain (3), and multiple groups of crank slider mechanisms are connected to the rotating shaft (11). Each group of crank slider mechanisms includes a rack (8), multiple gears (9) and multiple connecting rods (10). The rack (8) is fixedly connected to the upper part between the front axle group (1) and the rear axle group (2) horizontally along the length direction. Each gear (9) Each of the gears (9) is rotatably connected to the shaft (11), and the gear (9) is meshed with the rack (8). A connecting rod (10) is provided between each gear (9) and the movable plate cross beam (7). One end of the connecting rod (10) is rotatably connected to the movable plate cross beam (7), and the other end of the connecting rod (10) is rotatably connected to the outer edge of the gear (9). The multiple rows of movable grate plates (5) reciprocate in the upper part between the front axle group (1) and the rear axle group (2) through a crank slider mechanism.

2. The chain grate with reciprocating grate plates according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each row of fixed grate plates (4) is respectively fixedly connected to a fixed plate crossbeam (6), and the ends of the fixed plate crossbeam (6) are respectively fixedly connected to the transmission chain (3).

3. The chain grate with reciprocating grate plates according to claim 2, characterized in that: The movable grate plates (5) are respectively vertically fixed to the outer end faces of the movable plate cross beam (7), and the movable grate plates (5) are respectively vertically fixed to the outer end faces of the fixed plate cross beam (6).

4. The chain grate with reciprocating grate plates according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each row of movable grate plates (5) is staggered with two adjacent rows of fixed grate plates (4).

5. The chain grate with reciprocating grate plates according to claim 4, characterized in that: The movable plate cross beam (7) and the fixed plate cross beam (6) are arranged in parallel.

6. The chain grate with reciprocating grate plates according to claim 5, characterized in that: The movable plate cross beam (7) is slidably connected to two adjacent fixed plate cross beams (6).

7. The chain grate with reciprocating grate plates according to claim 6, characterized in that: The movable plate cross beam (7) and the fixed plate cross beam (6) are arranged to be inclined from outside to inside in the direction of the grate front advance.

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