Antenna structure and electronic equipment

Abstract

An antenna structure and an electronic device, relating to the field of terminals and antennas. The antenna structure comprises a first dielectric substrate, a second dielectric substrate, a metal surface, a metal floor, a feeding probe group and an adjusting probe group; the metal surface is located on the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate, and the center of the metal surface comprises a through slot; the metal floor is located on the upper surface of the second dielectric substrate; each probe in the feeding probe group is connected to the metal surface, and passes through the first dielectric substrate, the metal floor and the second dielectric substrate in sequence before connecting to the lower surface of the second dielectric substrate; each probe in the adjusting probe group is connected to the metal surface, and passes through the first dielectric plate to connect to the metal floor; the adjusting probe group adjusts at least one working frequency band of the antenna structure, so that the antenna structure works in the first target frequency band and the second target frequency band, and decouples the first target frequency band and the second target frequency band respectively. This solution can reduce the coupling between the same frequency bands when transmitting signals, and improve the transmission efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to an antenna structure and an electronic device. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing integration of electronic devices and the rapid growth of various wireless services, high communication rates are a goal pursued in wireless communications. Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology can use multiple antennas to send signals independently, and use multiple antennas to receive and restore the original information at the same time. It has received widespread attention and application due to its ability to increase communication capacity and enhance communication stability.

[0003] In the MIMO technology currently used in electronic devices, multiple antennas working in the same frequency band are placed in a certain space, which causes mutual coupling between the antennas. For example, antenna 1 and antenna 2 work in the same frequency band. When transmitting signals, the energy emitted by antenna 1 will be absorbed by antenna 2, and the energy emitted by antenna 2 will also be absorbed by antenna 1, resulting in signal crosstalk between the same frequency bands, also known as mutual coupling between the same frequency bands, which will reduce the performance of the antenna system and thus affect the communication capabilities of the electronic equipment. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides an antenna structure and an electronic device that can support two operating frequency bands and be used as a MIMO antenna, and can reduce the coupling between frequency bands during signal transmission, thereby improving the performance of the antenna.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides an antenna structure, which includes: a first dielectric substrate, a second dielectric substrate, a metal surface, a metal floor, a feeding probe group and an adjustment probe group; the metal surface is located on the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate, and the center of the metal surface includes a through groove; the metal floor is located on the upper surface of the second dielectric substrate; each probe in the feeding probe group is connected to the metal surface, and passes through the first dielectric substrate, the metal floor and the second dielectric substrate in sequence and then connects to the lower surface of the second dielectric substrate; each probe in the adjustment probe group is connected to the metal surface, and passes through the first dielectric plate to connect to the metal floor; the adjustment probe group is used to adjust at least one working frequency band of the antenna structure so that the antenna structure operates in the first target frequency band and the second target frequency band, and is used to decouple the first target frequency band and the second target frequency band.

[0006] The antenna structure connects the metal surface and the lower surface of the second dielectric substrate through a feeding probe group, which can excite the TM 01 Mode and TM 03 mode, each mode corresponds to a working frequency band, so that the antenna structure can achieve dual-frequency operation. By setting a through slot in the middle of the metal surface, the TM03 mode’s radiation capability. Furthermore, by adding an adjustment probe group, frequency band adjustment is achieved so that the antenna structure can operate in the first target frequency band and the second target frequency band, and decoupling is performed for the two target operating frequency bands respectively to reduce signal crosstalk. In summary, the antenna structure can be used as a dual-band MIMO antenna, which can reduce coupling during signal transmission and improve the transmission efficiency of the antenna. The antenna structure is simple and compact, and does not require a complex decoupling structure and optimization process.

[0007] In a possible implementation, the adjustment probe group is specifically used to increase the at least one operating frequency band. For example, when the first target frequency band and the second target frequency band of the antenna structure are the Wi-Fi 2.4 GHz frequency band and the Wi-Fi 5 GHz frequency band, respectively, the adjustment probe group can be used to adjust a lower operating frequency band of the antenna structure, which is lower than the Wi-Fi 2.4 GHz frequency band. As a result, the adjustment effect of the adjustment probe group can increase the lower operating frequency band to the Wi-Fi 2.4 GHz frequency band.

[0008] In a possible implementation, the metal surface surrounding the through slot is sequentially a first wide portion, a first narrow portion, a second wide portion, and a second narrow portion; the first wide portion and the second wide portion are symmetrical about the through slot, and the first narrow portion and the second narrow portion are symmetrical about the through slot.

[0009] In a possible implementation, the feeding probe group includes a first group of probes, the first group of probes includes a first probe and a second probe; the first probe is located in the first wide portion, the second probe is located in the second wide portion, and positions of the first probe and the second probe are symmetrical about the through slot.

[0010] In a possible implementation, the adjustment probe group includes a second group of probes and a third group of probes, the second group of probes includes a third probe and a fourth probe, the third probe is located in the first wide part, the fourth probe is located in the second wide part, and the positions of the third probe and the fourth probe are symmetrical about the through groove. The second group of probes mainly utilizes TM 01 Mode and TM 03 The difference in electric field distribution between the two modes is used to adjust the operating frequency of the antenna structure.

[0011] The third group of probes includes a fifth probe and a sixth probe; the fifth probe is located at the first narrow portion, the sixth probe is located at the second narrow portion, and the positions of the fifth probe and the sixth probe are symmetrical about the through slot. The third group of probes is used to change the differential mode impedance in the two frequency bands, thereby making the common mode impedance and the differential mode impedance closer, so that the isolation of the antenna structure in the first target frequency band and the second target frequency band is increased, thereby achieving decoupling.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the third probe and the fourth probe are located at the TM excited by the antenna structure. 03 The electric field zero point position of the mode. 03 The probes are loaded at the zero points on both sides of the pattern to short-circuit the metal surface and the metal floor, thereby achieving TM 01 Individual adjustment of mode resonant frequencies, for TM 03 The resonant frequency of the mode has almost no effect.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the second group of probes includes a seventh probe and an eighth probe. The seventh probe is located in the first wide portion, the eighth probe is located in the second wide portion, the positions of the seventh probe and the eighth probe are symmetrical about the through slot, and the seventh probe and the eighth probe are located in the TM excited by the antenna structure. 03 The non-electric field zero point position of the mode. That is, the TM 03 The resonant frequency of the mode.

[0014] In a possible implementation, the antenna structure further includes: a first group of metal conductors and a second group of metal conductors. The first group of metal conductors and the second group of metal conductors are located on the lower surface of the first dielectric substrate. The first end of the first group of metal conductors is connected to the first wide portion through the first dielectric substrate, and the second end of the first group of metal conductors is connected to the second wide portion through the first dielectric substrate. The first end of the second group of metal conductors is connected to the first wide portion through the first dielectric substrate, and the second end of the second group of metal conductors is connected to the second wide portion through the first dielectric substrate. The first group of metal conductors and the second group of metal conductors are parallel and symmetrical with respect to the feeding probe group.

[0015] The first group of metal conductors and the second group of metal conductors can be provided to individually adjust the differential mode impedance of the antenna structure so that the differential mode impedance and the common mode impedance are close to each other, thereby improving the isolation of the antenna structure.

[0016] In a possible implementation, the first group of metal conductors includes a first metal conductor, the second group of metal conductors includes a second metal conductor, and the first metal conductor and the second metal conductor are strip metal conductors. In a possible implementation, the antenna structure further includes: an electric dipole structure; the electric dipole structure is located on the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate and is located in the area of ​​the through slot; the electric dipole structure includes a first electric dipole unit and a second electric dipole unit; both sides of the first electric dipole unit and the second electric dipole unit have gaps with the edge of the through slot; the first electric dipole unit and the second electric dipole unit are parallel and symmetrical about the feeding probe group.

[0017] The electric dipole mode excited by the electric dipole structure in the differential mode is used to adjust the differential mode impedance, thereby achieving decoupling of high frequencies.

[0018] In a possible implementation, the first target frequency band is smaller than the second target frequency band; in the second target frequency band, the operating wavelength in the first dielectric substrate is the first wavelength; in the second target frequency band, the operating wavelength in free space is the second wavelength. The first electric dipole unit and the second electric dipole unit have the same length, both of which are greater than half of the first wavelength and less than half of the second wavelength.

[0019] In a possible implementation, the first target frequency band is a Wi-Fi 2.4 GHz frequency band, and the second target frequency band is a Wi-Fi 5 GHz frequency band.

[0020] In a possible implementation, the lower surface of the second dielectric substrate further includes a microstrip line. The feeding probe group is connected to a feed source via the microstrip line. The microstrip line is used to achieve impedance matching with the first target frequency band and the second target frequency band.

[0021] By adjusting the length and width of the microstrip line on the lower surface of the second dielectric substrate and combining the Smith chart, impedance matching for the first target frequency band and the second target frequency band can be achieved, so that the antenna structure can cover the required working frequency band and reduce the return loss.

[0022] In a possible implementation manner, the through slot is a rectangular through slot.

[0023] In a second aspect, the present application further provides an electronic device, the electronic device comprising one or more antenna structures described in the first aspect and any one of its implementations. The electronic device uses the antenna structure provided in the embodiment of the present application as a multi-frequency MIMO antenna, which can reduce the number of antennas to be set. In addition, the antenna structure decouples multiple target frequency bands respectively and has high efficiency and gain, thereby improving the communication capability of the electronic device.

[0024] In a possible implementation manner, the electronic device is a router. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a MIMO antenna system;

[0026] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a dual-band MIMO antenna system;

[0027] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 4Provided in the embodiments of this application Figure 3 An exploded view corresponding to the antenna structure shown;

[0029] Figure 5 Provided in the embodiments of this application Figure 3 a side view of the antenna structure shown;

[0030] Figure 6 A top view of a metal surface provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 7 Provided in the embodiments of this application Figure 3 a bottom view of the antenna structure shown;

[0032] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the principle provided by the embodiment of this application Figure 1 ;

[0033] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the principle provided by the embodiment of this application Figure 2 ;

[0034] Fig.10 The simulation provided by the embodiment of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0035] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of electric field distribution provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Fig.12 The simulation provided by the embodiment of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0037] Fig.13 The simulation provided by the embodiment of the present application Figure 3 ;

[0038] Fig.14 The Smith circle provided in the embodiment of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0039] Fig.15 The simulation provided by the embodiment of the present application Figure 4 ;

[0040] Fig.16 A schematic diagram of another antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Fig.17 Provided in the embodiments of this application Fig.16 An exploded view corresponding to the antenna structure shown;

[0042] Fig.18 Provided in the embodiments of this application Fig.16 a side view of the antenna structure shown;

[0043] Fig.19 A top view corresponding to the antenna structure shown in 16 provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Fig. 20 Schematic diagram of the principle provided by the embodiment of this application Figure 2 ;

[0045] Fig.21 A schematic diagram of an open ring structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Fig. 22 The Smith circle provided in the embodiment of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0047] Fig.23 The simulation provided by the embodiment of the present application Figure 5 ;

[0048] Fig.24 A schematic diagram of another antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Fig.25 Provided in the embodiments of this application Fig.24 An exploded view corresponding to the antenna structure shown;

[0050] Fig.26 Provided in the embodiments of this application Fig.24 a side view of the antenna structure shown;

[0051] Fig. 27 A top view corresponding to the antenna structure shown in 26 provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0052] Fig.28 Schematic diagram of the principle provided by the embodiment of this application Figure 3 ;

[0053] Fig.29 The Smith circle provided in the embodiment of the present application Figure 3 ;

[0054] Fig.30 The simulation provided by the embodiment of the present application Figure 6 ;

[0055] Fig.31 A bottom view of the antenna structure after impedance matching adjustment provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0056] Fig.32 The simulation provided by the embodiment of the present application Figure 6 ;

[0057] Fig.33 A result diagram of the ECC test provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0058] Fig.34This is a test result diagram of antenna gain and antenna efficiency provided in an embodiment of the present application. ;

[0059] Fig.35 A schematic diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] In order to enable persons skilled in the art to more clearly understand the solution of the present application, the application scenario of the technical solution of the present application is first described below.

[0061] Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology can use multiple antennas to send signals independently, and use multiple antennas to receive and restore the original information at the same time. It has attracted widespread attention and application due to its ability to improve communication capacity and enhance communication stability. The mutual coupling of MIMO antenna systems mainly occurs between the same frequency bands, which is explained below with reference to the accompanying figures.

[0062] See also Figure 1 , which is a schematic diagram of a MIMO antenna system.

[0063] Figure 1 The MIMO antenna system shown includes antenna 1 and antenna 2. Antenna 1 and antenna 2 are both antennas operating in the Wi-Fi 2.4 GHz frequency band.

[0064] When the two antennas are in the transmitting state, due to the same operating frequency band, the two antennas are coupled in the 2.4GHz frequency band. The energy emitted by antenna 1 will be partially absorbed by antenna 2, and the energy emitted by antenna 2 will also be partially absorbed by antenna 1, resulting in signal crosstalk, thereby reducing the transmission efficiency of the MIMO antenna system, and further affecting the communication capability of the electronic device.

[0065] Furthermore, with the increase in wireless service standards, the number of antennas required for electronic devices to support wireless communications in different frequency bands has also increased accordingly. However, the increase in the number of antennas will lead to an increase in the volume of electronic devices, which is not conducive to the miniaturization of electronic devices. Therefore, the design demand for multi-frequency antennas is growing. A multi-frequency antenna is an antenna that can work in multiple frequency bands, which makes it easier to reduce the number of antennas on electronic devices.

[0066] A MIMO antenna system formed by multiple multi-frequency antennas is also called a multi-frequency MIMO antenna system. At present, the most widely used multi-frequency MIMO antenna system is a dual-frequency MIMO antenna system, that is, each antenna in the antenna system supports two frequency bands. The following description of this application takes the dual-frequency antenna system as an example. The implementation methods of the three-frequency antenna system and higher-frequency antenna systems are similar and will not be described separately.

[0067] See also Figure 2, which is a schematic diagram of a dual-band MIMO antenna system.

[0068] Figure 2 The dual-band MIMO antenna system shown includes antenna 1 and antenna 2. Antenna 1 and antenna 2 are both antennas operating in the Wi-Fi 2.4 GHz frequency band and the Wi-Fi 5 GHz frequency band.

[0069] and Figure 1 The MIMO antenna system shown is similar to Figure 2 When the two antennas in the Wi-Fi 2.4GHz band are transmitting at the same time, or when they are transmitting at the Wi-Fi 5GHz band at the same time, the energy emitted by antenna 1 will be partially absorbed by antenna 2, and the energy emitted by antenna 2 will also be partially absorbed by antenna 1, resulting in signal crosstalk. Alternatively, when only antenna 1 is transmitting, antenna 2 will absorb the energy emitted by antenna 1. The coupling between the same frequency bands reduces the transmission efficiency of the dual-band MIMO antenna system, thereby affecting the communication capabilities of electronic devices.

[0070] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides an antenna structure and an electronic device, which can reduce the coupling of the MIMO antenna system when transmitting signals, improve the transmission efficiency of the MIMO antenna system, and thus improve the communication capability of the electronic device. Furthermore, the scheme of the present application can be applied to the scenario of a multi-frequency MIMO antenna system, and realize decoupling of multi-frequency antennas. In addition, the antenna structure provided by the scheme of the present application is compact and simple. Specifically, the decoupling in the following embodiments of the present application is the decoupling of the same frequency band of the antenna structure. For example, the antenna structure can operate in a first target frequency band and a second target frequency band. The present application can realize decoupling of the first target frequency band of the antenna structure, as well as realize decoupling of the second target frequency band of the antenna structure.

[0071] In order to enable persons skilled in the art to more clearly understand the solution of the present application, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0072] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the description of this application are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. The terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. that define the orientation in the embodiments of this application all refer to the state of the antenna structure in the accompanying drawings. When the arrangement of the antenna structure is different from that in the accompanying drawings, the orientation limitations in the following description of this application should be adjusted accordingly.

[0073] The typical value of the Wi-Fi 2.4 GHz frequency band range in the following embodiments of the present application is 2.4 GHz-2.4835 GHz, and the Wi-Fi 5 GHz frequency band range is 5.150 GHz--5.850 GHz.

[0074] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium.

[0075] See also Figures 3 to 7 .in, Figure 3 A schematic diagram of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 Provided in the embodiments of this application Figure 3 An exploded view corresponding to the antenna structure shown; Figure 5 Provided in the embodiments of this application Figure 3 a side view of the antenna structure shown; Figure 6 A top view of a metal surface provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 Provided in the embodiments of this application Figure 3 Bottom view of the antenna structure shown.

[0076] The antenna structure is a dual-port microstrip antenna, which is symmetrical in both XZ and YZ planes. The antenna structure specifically includes: a first dielectric substrate 10, a second dielectric substrate 20, a metal surface 11, a metal floor 21, a feeding probe and an adjustment probe.

[0077] The feeding probe group includes a first group of probes (12a and 12b) for connecting a feed source so that the antenna structure can excite different TM modes, thereby being able to operate in a first frequency band and a second target frequency band, wherein the first frequency band is smaller than the second frequency band. The TM mode has an electric field component but no magnetic field component in the propagation direction, which is called a transverse magnetic wave, also called a p-wave.

[0078] The adjustment probe is used to adjust the first frequency band to a first target frequency band, and to decouple the first target frequency band from a second target frequency band.

[0079] The modulation probe set includes a second set of probes (15a and 15b) and a third set of probes (14a and 14b).

[0080] The first dielectric substrate 10 and the second dielectric substrate 20 may use the same dielectric, for example, both use epoxy glass fiber cloth (commonly known as: epoxy board, glass fiber board, fiberboard, FR-4).

[0081] The first dielectric substrate 10 is located at the upper layer, and the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate 10 is a metal surface 11 .

[0082] The second dielectric substrate 20 is located at the lower layer, and the upper surface of the second dielectric substrate 20 is a metal floor 21 .

[0083] The metal surface 11 includes a through slot 13 at the center thereof. The through slot 13 passes through the metal surface 11 along the Z-axis direction. In the embodiment of the present application, the through slot 13 is described as a rectangular slot. In actual applications, the through slot 13 can also be replaced by a diamond slot, a circular slot, an elliptical slot, or the like.

[0084] The through groove 13 divides the metal surface 11 into four parts, which are respectively surrounded by the through groove 13, namely, a first wide part 11a, a first narrow part 11c, a second wide part 11b and a second narrow part 11d. Figure 6 As shown, there are four parts separated by dotted lines.

[0085] The first group of probes 12a and 12b have the same specification parameters and are feeding probes for connecting a feed source. Probe 12a is also the first probe, and probe 12b is also the second probe.

[0086] The probe 12a in the first group of probes (12a and 12b) is located at the first wide portion 11a of the metal surface 11, and the probe 12a is connected to the microstrip line 16a on the lower surface of the second dielectric substrate 20 from the metal surface 11 to form the first port of the antenna structure. That is, the probe 12a is connected to the metal surface 11 and passes through the first dielectric substrate 10, the metal floor 21 and the second dielectric substrate 20. The diameter of the through hole on the metal surface 11 is d2, which is greater than the width w2 of the probe 12a, so that the probe 12a does not contact the metal surface 11 when passing through the metal surface 11.

[0087] The probe 12b in the first group of probes (12a and 12b) is located at the second wide portion 11b of the metal surface 11, and the probe 12b is connected to the microstrip line 16b on the lower surface of the second dielectric substrate 20 from the metal surface 11 to form the second port of the antenna structure. That is, the probe 12b is connected to the metal surface 11 and passes through the first dielectric substrate 10, the metal floor 21 and the second dielectric substrate 20. The diameter of the through hole on the metal surface 11 is d2, which is greater than the width w2 of the probe 12b, so that the probe 12b does not contact the metal surface 11 when passing through the metal surface 11.

[0088] The microstrip lines 16a and 16b on the lower surface of the second dielectric substrate 20 are used to connect the feed source.

[0089] In the embodiment of the present application, the function of the through slot 13 on the metal surface 11 is to enhance the radiation capability of the antenna structure when it works in the Wi-Fi 5 GHz frequency band. The principle is described in detail below.

[0090] See also Figure 8 , which is a schematic diagram of the principle provided by the embodiment of the present application Figure 1 .

[0091] Using the above antenna structure, the TM of the antenna can be stimulated 01 Mode and TM 03 mode. Because it can stimulate TM 01 mode, the antenna structure can work in the Wi-Fi 2.4GHz band; due to the ability to stimulate TM 03 mode, the antenna structure can operate in the Wi-Fi 5GHz frequency band.

[0092] The antenna structure TM 01 Mode and TM 03 The electric field on both sides of the edge of the mode radiates in phase, and the electric field on both sides of the edge of the antenna structure can be equivalent to two magnetic current radiations.

[0093] When the through slot 13 is not provided, Figure 8 In the higher frequency Wi-Fi 5GHz band, the wavelength is shorter and the distance between the two radiation sources is greater than one wavelength, which will cause serious side lobes.

[0094] See also Fig. 9 , which is a schematic diagram of the principle provided by the embodiment of the present application Figure 2 .

[0095] By setting the through slot, the electric field at the center of the first dielectric substrate 10 and the second dielectric substrate 20 of the antenna structure can be radiated into the free space through the edge of the through slot and be in phase with the electric field on both sides. 03 The radiation capacity of the mode.

[0096] Furthermore, the addition of the through slots also leads to a decrease in the operating frequency of the antenna structure in the low frequency band, because the through slots extend the low frequency TM 01 mode current path.

[0097] In order to make TM 01 The mode still corresponds to the Wi-Fi 2.4 GHz frequency band. The present application sets short-circuit probes on the antenna structure, namely, the second set of probes 15 a and 15 b.

[0098] The second group of probes 15a and 15b have the same specification parameters and are used to adjust the resonant frequency of the antenna structure. Probe 15a is also the third probe, and probe 15b is also the fourth probe.

[0099] The probe 15a in the second group of probes (15a and 15b) is located at the first wide portion 11a of the metal surface 11 and is connected to the metal floor 21 at the metal surface 11. That is, the probe 15a is connected to the metal surface 11, passes through the first dielectric substrate 10, and then connects to the metal floor 21.

[0100] Probe 15b of the second group of probes (15a and 15b) is located at the second widest portion 11b of metal surface 11 and connected to metal floor 21 from metal surface 11. That is, probe 15b is connected to metal surface 11, passes through first dielectric substrate 10 and then connects to metal floor 21.

[0101] The probe 15a is specifically arranged at TM 03 The probe 15b is specifically arranged at the TM 03 The mode is at the electric field zero point or its vicinity on the second wide portion 11b, so that when the second set of probes 15a and 15b increases the resonant frequency of the antenna structure in the low frequency band, the resonant frequency of the antenna structure in the high frequency band remains unchanged. The principle is explained in detail below.

[0102] Continue to see Figure 8 and Fig. 9 , we can find TM 01 Mode and TM 03 The electric field distribution of the modes on the YZ plane is different. This is reflected in the TM 03 As a higher-order mode, the mode has more electric field zero points z. TM 01 Mode and TM 03 The patterns include different zero points in addition to the same zero point in the middle.

[0103] In the TM 03 At the other two zero points of the mode, TM 01 The electric field of the mode is not zero. Therefore, it can be 03 The probes are loaded at the zero points on both sides of the mode to short-circuit the metal surface 11 and the metal floor 13, thereby achieving the TM 01 Individual adjustment of mode resonant frequencies.

[0104] It is understandable that in practical applications, the probe 15a can be replaced by a plurality of probes distributed along the electric field zero point position on the first wide portion 11a, thereby achieving TM 01 Different adjustment capabilities of the mode resonance frequency; correspondingly, the probe 15b can be replaced by a plurality of probes distributed along the electric field zero point position on the second wide portion 11b.

[0105] Furthermore, if in TM 03 If a second set of probes is added at a non-zero point of the pattern, for example, the seventh and eighth probes are added, then the TM can also be adjusted. 03 The frequency corresponding to the mode will not be described in detail in the embodiments of the present application.

[0106] The antenna structure provided in the embodiment of the present application further achieves decoupling within two working frequency bands of the antenna structure by adding a decoupling probe, which is described in detail below.

[0107] The decoupling probes are the third group of probes, wherein the specifications of the probes 14a and 14b are consistent. The probes 14a are also the fifth probes, and the probes 14b are also the sixth probes.

[0108] The probe 14a in the third group of probes (14a and 14b) is located at the first narrow portion 11c of the metal surface 11 and is connected to the metal floor 21 at the metal surface 11. That is, the probe 14a is connected to the metal surface 11 and passes through the first dielectric substrate 10 before connecting to the metal floor 21.

[0109] The probe 14b in the third group of probes (14a and 14b) is located at the second narrow portion 11d of the metal surface 11 and is connected to the metal floor 21 from the metal surface 11. That is, the probe 14b is connected to the metal surface 11 and passes through the first dielectric substrate 10 before connecting to the metal floor 21.

[0110] Because the common mode (CM) impedance and the differential mode (DM) impedance are closer, the isolation between the two antenna ports is higher. Common mode and differential mode can be obtained by exciting the two antenna ports in the same phase and inverse phase. Due to the symmetry of the antenna structure, the XZ plane where probes 14a and 14b are located is equivalent to a perfect magnetic conductor (PMC) in the common mode and is equivalent to a perfect electric conductor (PEC) boundary in the differential mode. The setting of probes 14a and 14b only changes the common mode impedance in the two frequency bands without affecting the differential mode impedance in the two frequency bands, thereby making the common mode impedance and the differential mode impedance closer, so that the isolation of the antenna structure in the Wi-Fi 2.4GHz band and the Wi-Fi 5GHz band is increased, thereby achieving decoupling.

[0111] The technical effect of the present application scheme is further explained below in combination with the specific size parameters of the antenna structure and the simulation results.

[0112] Table 1: Dimensional parameters of antenna structure

[0113] parameter Parameter value (unit: mm) parameter Parameter value (unit: mm) L0 120 w2 1.15 L1 68 w3 20.5 L2 18 d1 1.8 L3 2 d2 2.5 L4 16 d3 0.8 L5 44.6 d4 1 w0 50 h0 5.4 w1 25

[0114] See also Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 .

[0115] L0 is the length of the metal floor 21 , the first dielectric substrate 10 and the second dielectric substrate 20 .

[0116] L1 is the length of the metal surface 11 .

[0117] L2 is the distance between the probe 12a and the probe 12b in the first group of probes.

[0118] L3 is the length of the microstrip line at the bottom of the second dielectric substrate 20 .

[0119] L4 is the length of the rectangular through slot 13 .

[0120] L5 is the distance between the probe 15a and the probe 15b in the second group of probes.

[0121] w0 is the width of the metal floor 21 , the first dielectric substrate 10 and the second dielectric substrate 20 .

[0122] w1 is the width of the metal surface 11 .

[0123] w2 is the width of the microstrip line at the bottom of the second dielectric substrate 20 .

[0124] w3 is the width of the rectangular through slot 13 .

[0125] d1 is the diameter of the probe 12a and the probe 12b in the first group of probes.

[0126] d2 is the diameter of the through hole on the second dielectric plate 20 for passing the first group of probes.

[0127] d3 is the diameter of the probes 15a and 15b in the second group of probes.

[0128] d4 is the diameter of the probes 14a and 14b in the third group of probes.

[0129] h0 is the distance between the lower surface of the first dielectric substrate 10 and the upper surface of the metal floor 21 .

[0130] See also Fig.10 , which is a simulation diagram provided by the embodiment of the present application Figure 1 .

[0131] Fig.10 The corresponding relationship between scattering parameters (S-Parameters) and frequency (Frequency) when the antenna structure is not provided with the through slot 13, the second group of probes (15a and 15b) and the third group of probes (14a and 14b).

[0132] Among them, S11 represents the input return loss, which reflects the impedance matching of the antenna structure. The smaller the S11 value, the better.

[0133] S21 indicates the degree of coupling between the two ports, that is, the isolation. The smaller the S21 value, the lower the degree of coupling between the two ports and the higher the isolation.

[0134] It can be found that the operating frequency of the low frequency band in TM01 mode is 1.8 GHz, which is lower than the Wi-Fi 2.4 GHz band.

[0135] When the through slot 13 is provided on the antenna structure, but the second group of probes (15a and 15b) and the third group of probes (14a and 14b) are not provided, the electric field distribution of the antenna structure can be seen in Fig.11 The electric field distribution diagram is shown in Figure 1. At this time, due to the cutting of the rectangular slot, the electric field in the middle part of the antenna structure can also be radiated into the free space through the edge of the slot, and is in phase with the electric fields on both sides. Therefore, the radiation capability of the TM03 mode is enhanced.

[0136] See also Fig.12 , which is a simulation diagram provided by the embodiment of the present application Figure 2 .

[0137] Fig.12 The simulation diagram is shown in FIG. 1 when the antenna structure is provided with a through slot 13 but without the second set of probes and the third set of probes. Fig.12 and Fig.10 It can be found that the operating frequency band of the TM01 mode decreases at this time because the through slot extends the current path of the TM01 mode.

[0138] See also Fig.13 , which is a simulation diagram provided by the embodiment of the present application Figure 3 .

[0139] Fig.13 A simulation diagram when the antenna structure is provided with a through slot 13 and a second group of probes (15a and 15b), but without a third group of probes (14a and 14b).

[0140] contrast Fig.13 From the S11 after the second set of probes is set and the S11 without the second set of probes, it can be found that by setting the second set of probes at the zero position of the TM03 mode on both sides of the through slot, the resonant frequency of the TM01 mode is increased and the resonant frequency of the TM03 mode is almost unaffected. That is, the independent adjustment of the resonant frequency of the low frequency is achieved.

[0141] See also Fig.14 , which is a Smith circle provided in the embodiment of the present application Figure 1 .

[0142] Fig.14The left side shows the Smith chart before and after the third set of probes 14a and 14b are set in the 2.4 GHz band. Fig.14 The right side shows the Smith chart before and after the third set of probes 14a and 14b are set in the 5 GHz band.

[0143] By observing the differential mode impedance and the common mode impedance, it can be found that setting the third group of probes 14a and 14b only changes the common mode impedance in the two frequency bands, and has no effect on the differential mode impedance, resulting in the common mode impedance and the differential mode impedance being closer, thereby increasing isolation and achieving decoupling.

[0144] See also Fig.15 , which is a simulation diagram provided by the embodiment of the present application Figure 4 .

[0145] Before setting the third group of probes 14a and 14b, after taking the absolute value of the S parameter, the average isolation of the two ports of the antenna structure in the 2.4 GHz frequency band is 10 dB, and the average isolation of the two ports of the antenna structure in the 5 GHz frequency band is 8.5 dB.

[0146] After setting the third set of probes 14a and 14b, after taking the absolute value of the S parameter, the average isolation of the two ports of the antenna structure in the 2.4GHz frequency band is 11dB, and the average isolation of the two ports of the antenna structure in the 5GHz frequency band is 14.8dB. It can be found that the isolation is improved at this time, and the transmission efficiency is improved.

[0147] In summary, the antenna structure provided by the embodiment of the present application can stimulate the TM01 mode and the TM03 mode, wherein the TM01 mode corresponds to the first target frequency band, and the TM03 mode corresponds to the second target frequency band. The second target frequency band is greater than the first target frequency band, so that the antenna structure realizes dual-frequency operation; and by setting a through groove in the middle of the metal surface, the radiation capacity of the TM03 mode is increased, that is, the radiation capacity of the second target frequency band is enhanced; further, by utilizing the difference in the electric field distribution of the above two modes, a second group of probes is added to achieve independent adjustment of the first target frequency band; finally, by adding a third group of probes, decoupling of the two working frequency bands is achieved, and signal crosstalk between the same frequency bands is reduced. The antenna structure can be used as a dual-band MIMO antenna, which can reduce coupling during signal transmission and improve the transmission efficiency of the antenna, and the antenna structure is simple and compact, and does not require a complex decoupling structure and optimization process.

[0148] Other implementations of the antenna structure provided in the embodiments of the present application are described below.

[0149] In order to further improve the decoupling effect of the antenna structure, the following describes an implementation method for targeted decoupling of the low frequency corresponding to the TM01 mode, which is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0150] See also Figures 16 to 19 .in, Fig.16 A schematic diagram of another antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present application; Fig.17 Provided in the embodiments of this application Fig.16 An exploded view corresponding to the antenna structure shown; Fig.18 Provided in the embodiments of this application Fig.16 a side view of the antenna structure shown; Fig.19 This is a top view corresponding to the antenna structure shown in 16 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0151] The antenna structure specifically includes: a first dielectric substrate 10, a second dielectric substrate 20, a metal surface 11, a metal floor 21, a first group of probes (12a and 12b), a second group of probes (15a and 15b), a third group of probes (14a and 14b), a first group of metal conductors and a second group of metal conductors.

[0152] The specific implementation methods and principles of the first dielectric substrate 10, the second dielectric substrate 20, the metal surface 11, the metal floor 21, the first group of probes (12a and 12b), the second group of probes (15a and 15b) and the third group of probes (14a and 14b) can be found in Figures 3 to 15 The relevant description in the embodiment of the present application will not be repeated here. The principle of realizing low-frequency independent decoupling in this embodiment is specifically described below.

[0153] The number of metal conductors included in the first group of metal conductors and the second group of metal conductors is the same, so that the antenna structure still has symmetry in the XZ direction. In the embodiment of the present application, the first group of metal conductors includes metal conductor 16a, that is, the first metal conductor; the second group of metal conductors includes metal conductor 16b, that is, the second metal conductor, as an example for explanation. It can be understood that in actual applications, the first group of metal conductors can include two or more metal conductors, and the second group of metal conductors can also include two or more metal conductors.

[0154] The metal conductor 16a and the metal conductor 16b in the figure have the same specification parameters and are both strip-shaped metal conductors.

[0155] The metal conductor 16a is located on the lower surface of the first dielectric substrate 10. One end of the metal conductor 16a penetrates the first dielectric substrate 10 through a metal column and is connected to the first wide portion 11a of the metal surface 11. The other end of the metal conductor 16a penetrates the first dielectric substrate 10 through a metal column and is connected to the second wide portion 11b of the metal surface 11.

[0156] The metal conductor 16b is also located on the lower surface of the first dielectric substrate 10. One end of the metal conductor 16b penetrates the first dielectric substrate 10 through a metal column and is connected to the first wide portion 11a of the metal surface 11. The other end of the metal conductor 16b penetrates the first dielectric substrate 10 through a metal column and is connected to the second wide portion 11b of the metal surface 11.

[0157] The metal conductor 16b is arranged in parallel with the metal conductor 16a and is respectively located on two sides of the first group of probes.

[0158] The metal conductor 16a and the metal conductor 16b may be fixed to the lower surface of the first dielectric substrate 10 by glue, or may be partially or completely embedded in the lower surface of the first dielectric substrate 10 to achieve fixation, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.

[0159] See also Fig. 20 , which is a schematic diagram of the principle provided by the embodiment of the present application Figure 3 .

[0160] After the metal conductor is connected to the metal surface through the metal column, the metal conductor, the metal column and part of the metal surface form a split loop structure, such as Fig. 20 As shown in part (a).

[0161] The arrows at 0° and 180° are the excitation directions of the feeding port, and the current direction (Current direction) on the open ring structure is indicated by an arrow.

[0162] When the feed source is added symmetrically on the left and right sides of the open ring structure, the differential mode (DM) current distribution is as follows: Fig. 20 As shown in part (b).

[0163] When the feed source is added symmetrically on the left and right sides of the open ring structure, the common mode (CM) current distribution is as follows: Fig. 20 As shown in part (c).

[0164] It can be found that the current distribution in differential mode and common mode is inconsistent, and the distribution of current zero point is also inconsistent, indicating that the two modes operate at different frequencies. Since the open ring structure formed by the metal conductor, metal column and part of the metal surface will couple energy from the electric field inside the antenna structure, this coupling situation can be equivalent to the feeding port, corresponding to Fig. 20Equivalent port in (a). In the lower frequency band of 2.4 GHz, the common mode impedance of the open ring is almost pure reactance, that is, the common mode cannot be effectively excited. On the contrary, in the lower frequency band of 2.4 GHz, the differential mode of the open ring can be excited. Therefore, setting the first group of metal conductors and the second group of metal conductors can adjust the differential mode impedance of the antenna structure separately, so that the differential mode impedance and the common mode impedance are close, thereby improving the isolation of the antenna structure.

[0165] The embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the length and width of the first group of metal conductors and the second group of metal conductors. In actual applications, they can be determined based on the working frequency band of the antenna structure and the specific size parameters of the antenna structure.

[0166] The technical effect of the present application scheme is further explained below in combination with the specific size parameters of the antenna structure and the simulation results.

[0167] First, a separate simulation is performed for the split ring structure.

[0168] See also Fig.21 , which is a schematic diagram of the open ring structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0169] Fig.21 Part (a) is a simulation model of the open ring structure, and part (b) is a side view of the open ring structure.

[0170] Two metal conductors are arranged on the lower surface of the FR-4 substrate. The metal conductors are strip-shaped and have a length L6 of 61 mm. The ends of the two metal conductors are connected to the upper metal surface through metal pillars. The distance between the metal pillars and the feeding ports (Lumped ports) is 12.5 mm, and the distance between the metal pillars and the edge of the metal surface is 22.5 mm.

[0171] See also Fig. 22 , which is a Smith circle provided in the embodiment of the present application Figure 2 .

[0172] Fig. 22 The left side (c) is a Smith chart of the common-mode impedance and differential-mode impedance of the split-ring structure at 2.4 GHz.

[0173] It can be seen that the common mode impedance of the open ring structure at 2.4 GHz is almost pure reactance, indicating that the common mode cannot be effectively excited. The differential mode impedance of the open ring structure at 2.4 GHz indicates that the differential mode can be excited within this frequency band.

[0174] Fig. 22 The right side (d) is a Smith chart of the antenna structure before and after the split ring structure is provided at the 2.4 GHz frequency band.

[0175] See also Fig.19 During the simulation test, the spacing w4 between the two metal conductors is 6 mm, and the width w5 of each metal conductor is 1 mm.

[0176] It can be seen that within the 2.4 GHz frequency band, the common-mode impedance of the antenna structure remains almost unchanged before and after the addition of the metal conductor, while the differential-mode impedance of the antenna structure is adjusted separately and becomes closer to the common-mode impedance, thereby improving the isolation in the 2.4 GHz frequency band.

[0177] See also Fig.23 , which is a simulation diagram provided by the embodiment of the present application Figure 5 .

[0178] After adding two metal strips, the isolation of the Wi-Fi 2.4GHz band is increased to more than 17.3dB, which is a significant improvement.

[0179] In summary, the antenna structure provided in the embodiment of the present application can excite the TM01 mode and the TM03 mode, wherein the TM01 mode corresponds to the first target frequency band, and the TM03 mode corresponds to the second target frequency band. The second target frequency band is greater than the first target frequency band, so that the antenna structure realizes dual-frequency operation. And by setting a through groove in the middle of the metal surface, the radiation capacity of the TM03 mode is increased, that is, the radiation capacity of the second target frequency band is enhanced; further, by utilizing the difference in the electric field distribution of the above two modes, by adding a second group of probes, the first target frequency band can be independently adjusted; by adding a third group of probes, the two working frequency bands are decoupled, and the signal crosstalk between the same frequency bands is reduced; and by adding a first group of metal conductors and a second group of metal conductors, targeted decoupling of the first target frequency band is achieved, and the signal crosstalk in the first target frequency band is further reduced. The antenna structure can be used as a dual-band MIMO antenna, which can reduce the coupling during signal transmission and improve the transmission efficiency of the antenna, and the antenna structure is simple and compact, and does not require a complex decoupling structure and optimization process.

[0180] In order to further improve the decoupling effect of the antenna structure, the following describes an implementation method for targeted decoupling of the high frequency corresponding to the TM03 mode, which is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0181] See also Figure 24 to Figure 27 .in, Fig.24 A schematic diagram of another antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present application; Fig.25 Provided in the embodiments of this application Fig.24 An exploded view corresponding to the antenna structure shown; Fig.26 Provided in the embodiments of this application Fig.24 a side view of the antenna structure shown; Fig. 27 The top view corresponding to the antenna structure shown in 26 provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0182] The antenna structure and Figures 16 to 19 The difference between the antenna structure shown in the figure is that it also includes an electric dipole structure. For the specific implementation methods and principles of the first dielectric substrate 10, the second dielectric substrate 20, the metal surface 11, the metal floor 21, the first group of probes (12a and 12b), the second group of probes (15a and 15b), the third group of probes (14a and 14b), the first group of metal conductors and the second group of metal conductors, please refer to Figures 16 to 23 The relevant descriptions are not repeated here. The electric dipole unit 17a is also the first electric dipole unit, and the electric dipole unit is also the second electric dipole unit;

[0183] The electric dipole structure includes an electric dipole unit 17a and an electric dipole unit 17b. The electric dipole unit 17a and the electric dipole unit 17b have the same specifications and parameters, and are both strip-shaped metal conductors.

[0184] The electric dipole unit 17 a and the electric dipole unit 17 b are located in the region of the through slot 13 and on the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate 10 .

[0185] The electric dipole unit 17 a and the electric dipole unit 17 b are parallel to each other and are parallel to the plane where the first dielectric substrate 10 is located.

[0186] The electric dipole unit 17a does not contact the metal surface 11, that is, there is a gap between the two ends of the electric dipole unit 17a and the edge of the through slot 13. The electric dipole unit 17b does not contact the metal surface 11, that is, there is a gap between the two ends of the electric dipole unit 17b and the edge of the through slot 13.

[0187] The following explains the principle of the electric dipole's targeted decoupling of the high frequency corresponding to the TM03 mode.

[0188] See also Fig.28 , which is a schematic diagram of the principle provided by the embodiment of the present application Figure 3 .

[0189] Fig.28 The diagram of the electric field and current distribution in the YZ plane under differential mode and common mode is shown in Figure 1. It can be seen that the electric dipole mode of the electric dipole, that is, the first mode, is excited in the differential mode. The monopole mode of the electric dipole, that is, the second mode, is excited in the common mode.

[0190] Due to the different current lengths, different modes of the electric dipole operate at different frequencies. The embodiment of the present application utilizes the electric dipole mode excited by the electric dipole in the differential mode to adjust the differential mode impedance, thereby achieving decoupling of the high frequency.

[0191] In the Wi-Fi 5GHz band, the operating wavelength in the first dielectric substrate is the first wavelength, the operating wavelength in the free space is the second wavelength, and the length of the electric dipole unit 17a and the electric dipole unit 17b is L7. Since the electric dipole is printed on the first dielectric substrate, it is necessary to consider both the dielectric and the free space, so 2L7 should be between the first wavelength and the second wavelength, that is, the length of the electric dipole unit 17a and the electric dipole unit 17b is between half of the first wavelength and half of the second wavelength.

[0192] Free space is a concept in electromagnetic theory, referring to a theoretical perfect vacuum that does not contain any matter.

[0193] In some embodiments, in the Wi-Fi 5GHz band, when the first dielectric substrate is made of FR-4 material, the signal transmission rate is about 138m / μs, the first wavelength ranges from about 23mm to 27mm, and the second wavelength range in free space ranges from about 51mm to 58mm. Then the range of L7 should be roughly between 11.5mm and 29mm, so that the electric dipole mode can be excited to individually adjust the differential mode impedance of the antenna.

[0194] See also Fig.29 , which is a Smith circle provided in the embodiment of the present application Figure 3 .

[0195] Fig.29 Part (a) is a Smith chart of the common-mode impedance and differential-mode impedance before and after the electric dipole elements are loaded in the Wi-Fi 2.4 GHz frequency band.

[0196] It can be seen that in the Wi-Fi 2.4GHz frequency band, the introduction of electric dipoles has almost no effect on common-mode impedance and differential-mode impedance, so the low-frequency S parameters do not change.

[0197] Fig.29 Part (b) is a Smith chart of the common-mode impedance and differential-mode impedance before and after the electric dipole elements are loaded in the Wi-Fi 5 GHz frequency band.

[0198] It can be seen that in the Wi-Fi 5GHz band, the introduction of the electric dipole has almost no effect on the common-mode impedance, but has a more obvious effect on the differential-mode impedance, which means that the electric dipole achieves separate adjustment of the differential-mode impedance in the Wi-Fi 5GHz band.

[0199] The simulation test is performed by taking the example that the lengths of the electric dipole unit 17a and the electric dipole unit 17b are both 14 mm.

[0200] See also Fig.30 , which is a simulation diagram provided by the embodiment of the present application Figure 6 .

[0201] It can be seen that after adding the electric dipole, the isolation of the Wi-Fi 5GHz band is increased to more than 20dB, and the isolation is significantly improved.

[0202] In summary, the antenna structure provided in the embodiment of the present application can excite the TM01 mode and the TM03 mode, wherein the TM01 mode corresponds to the first target frequency band, and the TM03 mode corresponds to the second target frequency band. The second target frequency band is greater than the first target frequency band, so that the antenna structure realizes dual-frequency operation. And by setting a through groove in the middle of the metal surface, the radiation capacity of the TM03 mode is increased, that is, the radiation capacity of the second target frequency band is enhanced; further, by utilizing the difference in the electric field distribution of the above two modes, by adding a second group of probes, the first target frequency band can be independently adjusted; by adding a third group of probes, the two working frequency bands are decoupled; and by adding electric dipoles in the area within the through groove, targeted decoupling of the second target frequency band is achieved, further reducing the signal crosstalk of the second target frequency band. The antenna structure can be used as a dual-band MIMO antenna, which can reduce coupling during signal transmission and improve the transmission efficiency of the antenna, and the antenna structure is simple and compact, and does not require a complex decoupling structure and optimization process.

[0203] Furthermore, in order to enable the antenna structure to cover the required operating frequency band and reduce the return loss, impedance matching adjustment is also required, which is described in detail below.

[0204] See also Fig.31 , which is a bottom view of the antenna structure after impedance matching adjustment provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0205] The embodiment of the present application mainly adjusts the length and width of the microstrip lines 16a and 16b on the lower surface of the second dielectric substrate 20, and combines the Smith chart to achieve impedance matching for the first target frequency band and the second target frequency band. The specific length and width parameters of the microstrip lines 16a and 16b are related to the specific operating frequency band and the size parameters of the antenna structure, and the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit this.

[0206] See also Fig.32 , which is a simulation diagram provided by the embodiment of the present application Figure 6 .

[0207] The S parameters of the antenna structure after impedance matching adjustment are simulated, and it is finally shown that the antenna structure covers the Wi-Fi 2.4 GHz and Wi-Fi 5 GHz frequency bands, with the return loss less than -10 dB in both frequency bands, and the isolation in Wi-Fi 2.4 GHz is greater than 17.5 dB, and the isolation in Wi-Fi 5 GHz is greater than 18.5 dB.

[0208] See also Fig.33 , which is a result diagram of the ECC test provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0209] The Envelop Correlation Coefficient (ECC) characterizes the correlation between the amplitudes of received signals between different antenna units and is a parameter indicator for measuring the diversity performance and coupling performance of the MIMO antenna system. A MIMO antenna system with an ECC test value lower than 0.5 can work "relatively" well. However, in actual MIMO antenna design, an ECC value less than 0.2 is generally considered excellent. When the antenna structure provided in the embodiment of the present application is used as a multi-band MIMO antenna, the ECC value in the first target frequency band, that is, the Wi-Fi 2.4GHz band, is less than 0.05; in the second target frequency band, that is, the Wi-Fi 5GHz band, the ECC value in the 5.150GHz-5.350GHz band is less than 0.05, and the ECC value in the 5.725GHz-5.850GHz band is less than 0.05, so it has higher performance.

[0210] See also Fig.34 , which is a test result diagram of antenna gain and antenna efficiency provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0211] When the antenna structure provided in the embodiment of the present application is used as a multi-band MIMO antenna, the average gain (gain) in the first target frequency band, that is, the Wi-Fi 2.4GHz band, is 5.2dB, and the average efficiency (efficiency) is 81%; in the second target frequency band, that is, the Wi-Fi 5GHz band, the average gain (gain) is 6.7dB, and the average efficiency (efficiency) is 70.7%, which has high performance.

[0212] In summary, the antenna structure provided in the present application supports dual-band operation and has high isolation characteristics in both frequency bands. For example, it can support Wi-Fi 2.4GHz band and Wi-Fi 5GHz band, but it is also suitable for other MIMO antenna system designs that support two working frequency bands at the same time. For example, it can also work in the frequency band corresponding to the IEEE 802.11p protocol, the frequency band corresponding to the IEEE 802.11ah protocol, the frequency band corresponding to the IEEE 802.11ad,ay protocol, and the frequency band corresponding to the IEEE 802.11aj protocol, etc. The embodiments of the present application are not specifically limited.

[0213] Based on the antenna structure provided in the above embodiments, the present application also provides an electronic device including the antenna structure, which will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0214] See also Fig.35 , which is a schematic diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0215] The electronic device 100 may include an antenna structure 101, a wireless communication module 102, a processor 103, a display screen 104, an indicator 105, a button 106, an internal storage area 107, a network interface 108, a charging interface 109, a charging management module 110, a power management module 111 and a battery 112.

[0216] It is understood that the structure illustrated in the embodiment of the present invention does not constitute a specific limitation on the electronic device 100. In other embodiments of the present application, the electronic device 100 may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or separate certain components, or arrange the components differently. The components shown in the figure may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware. For example, the electronic device 100 may not include the display screen 104; or may not include the battery 112, and only work when connected to an external power source.

[0217] The processor 103 may include one or more processing units, for example, the processor 103 may include an application processor (AP), a modem processor, a controller, a digital signal processor (DSP), a baseband processor, etc. Different processing units may be independent devices or integrated into one or more processors.

[0218] The controller can generate operation control signals according to the instruction operation code and timing signal to complete the control of instruction fetching and execution.

[0219] The processor 103 may also be provided with a memory for storing instructions and data. In some embodiments, the memory in the processor 103 is a cache memory. The memory may store instructions or data that the processor 103 has just used or cyclically used. If the processor 103 needs to use the instruction or data again, it may be directly called from the memory. This avoids repeated access, reduces the waiting time of the processor 103, and thus improves the efficiency of the system.

[0220] The wireless communication function of the electronic device 100 can be implemented through the antenna structure 101, the wireless communication module 102 and the processor 103.

[0221] The antenna structure 101 is used to transmit and receive electromagnetic wave signals. The electronic device 100 may include one or more antenna structures 101. For the specific implementation and working principle of the antenna structure 101, please refer to the relevant description in the above embodiments. The embodiments of the present application are not repeated here. In addition to the antenna structure 101, the electronic device may also include other antennas, and the operating frequency bands of the other antennas and the antenna structure 101 may be the same or different, which is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0222] The wireless communication module 102 can provide wireless communication solutions for application in the electronic device 100, including wireless local area networks (WLAN) (such as Wi-Fi networks), Bluetooth (BT), global navigation satellite system (GNSS), frequency modulation (FM), near field communication (NFC), infrared technology (IR), etc.

[0223] The antenna structure 101 is coupled to the wireless communication module 102. The wireless communication module 102 may be one or more devices integrating at least one communication processing module. The wireless communication module 102 receives electromagnetic waves via the antenna structure 101, modulates and filters the electromagnetic wave signals, and sends the processed signals to the processor 103. The wireless communication module 102 may also receive signals to be sent from the processor 103, modulate the frequencies of the signals, amplify the signals, and convert the signals into electromagnetic waves for radiation via the antenna structure 101.

[0224] The display screen 104 is used to display images, texts, etc. The display screen 194 includes a display panel.

[0225] The indicator 105 may be an indicator light, and may be used to indicate messages, notifications, and the like.

[0226] The key 106 includes a power key, a function key, etc. The key 106 can be a mechanical key or a touch key. The electronic device 100 can receive key input and generate key signal input related to user settings and function control of the electronic device 100.

[0227] The internal memory 107 can be used to store computer executable program codes, which include instructions. The internal memory 107 may include a program storage area and a data storage area. Among them, the program storage area may store an operating system, at least one application required for a function, etc. The data storage area may store data created during the use of the electronic device 100, etc. In addition, the internal memory 107 may include a high-speed random access memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device, a flash memory device, a universal flash storage (UFS), etc. The processor 103 executes various functional applications and data processing of the electronic device 100 by running instructions stored in the internal memory 107 and / or instructions stored in a memory provided in the processor.

[0228] The network interface 108 is used to connect a network cable.

[0229] The charging management module 110 is used to receive charging input from a charger. The charger may be a wireless charger or a wired charger. In some wired charging embodiments, the charging management module 110 may receive charging input from a wired charger through the charging interface 109. In some wireless charging embodiments, the charging management module 110 may receive wireless charging input through a wireless charging coil of the electronic device 100. While the charging management module 110 is charging the battery 112, it may also power the electronic device 100 through the power management module 111.

[0230] The power management module 111 may also be used to monitor parameters such as the capacity, battery cycle number, battery health status (leakage, impedance), etc. of the battery 112. In some other embodiments, the power management module 111 may also be disposed in the processor 103.

[0231] The present application does not specifically limit the type of electronic device, and the electronic device may be a mobile phone, a laptop computer, a wearable electronic device (such as a smart watch), a tablet computer, an AR device, a VR device, a router, and a vehicle-mounted device, etc.

[0232] The electronic device utilizes the antenna structure provided in the embodiment of the present application as a multi-frequency MIMO antenna, which can reduce the number of antennas to be set up. In addition, the antenna structure decouples multiple operating frequency bands separately, reduces signal crosstalk between the same frequency bands, and has higher efficiency and gain, thereby also improving the communication capability of the electronic device.

[0233] It should be understood that in this application, "at least one (item)" means one or more, and "more" means two or more. "And / or" is used to describe the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, "A and / or B" can mean: only A exists, only B exists, and both A and B exist, where A and B can be singular or plural.

[0234] As described above, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. An antenna structure, characterized in that: The antenna structure comprises: a first dielectric substrate, a second dielectric substrate, a metal surface, a metal floor, a feeding probe group and an adjusting probe group; The metal surface is located on the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate, and the center of the metal surface includes a through groove, and the through groove only penetrates the metal surface along the thickness direction of the antenna structure; The metal floor is located on the upper surface of the second dielectric substrate; Each probe in the feeding probe group is connected to the metal surface, and passes through the first dielectric substrate, the metal floor and the second dielectric substrate in sequence, and then connects to the lower surface of the second dielectric substrate; each probe in the adjusting probe group is connected to the metal surface, and passes through the first dielectric plate to connect to the metal floor; The adjustment probe group is used to adjust the center frequency of at least one working frequency band of the antenna structure so that the antenna structure operates in a first target frequency band and a second target frequency band, and to decouple the first target frequency band and the second target frequency band; The through slot does not overlap with the positions of the feeding probe group and the adjusting probe group on the metal surface, and the probes of the feeding probe group and the adjusting probe group are symmetrical with respect to the through slot.

2. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment probe group is specifically used to increase the at least one working frequency band.

3. The antenna structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The metal surface surrounding the through slot is sequentially a first wide portion, a first narrow portion, a second wide portion and a second narrow portion; the first wide portion and the second wide portion are symmetrical about the through slot, and the first narrow portion and the second narrow portion are symmetrical about the through slot.

4. The antenna structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The feeding probe group includes a first group of probes, and the first group of probes includes a first probe and a second probe; The first probe is located at the first wide portion, the second probe is located at the second wide portion, and positions of the first probe and the second probe are symmetrical about the through groove.

5. The antenna structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The adjustment probe set includes a second group of probes and a third group of probes; The second group of probes includes a third probe and a fourth probe; The third probe is located at the first wide portion, the fourth probe is located at the second wide portion, and the positions of the third probe and the fourth probe are symmetrical about the through slot; The third group of probes includes a fifth probe and a sixth probe; The fifth probe is located at the first narrow portion, the sixth probe is located at the second narrow portion, and positions of the fifth probe and the sixth probe are symmetrical with respect to the through slot.

6. The antenna structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The third probe and the fourth probe are located at the TM excited by the antenna structure 03 The electric field zero position of the mode.

7. The antenna structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second group of probes includes a seventh probe and an eighth probe; The seventh probe is located at the first wide portion, the eighth probe is located at the second wide portion, the positions of the seventh probe and the eighth probe are symmetrical about the through slot, and the seventh probe and the eighth probe are located at the TM excited by the antenna structure. 03 The non-electric field zero position of the mode.

8. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that: The antenna structure further includes: a first group of metal conductors and a second group of metal conductors; The first group of metal conductors and the second group of metal conductors are located on the lower surface of the first dielectric substrate; The first end of the first group of metal conductors is connected to the first wide portion through the first dielectric substrate, and the second end of the first group of metal conductors is connected to the second wide portion through the first dielectric substrate; The first end of the second group of metal conductors is connected to the first wide portion through the first dielectric substrate, and the second end of the second group of metal conductors is connected to the second wide portion through the first dielectric substrate; The first group of metal conductors and the second group of metal conductors are parallel and symmetrical with respect to the feeding probe group.

9. The antenna structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The first group of metal conductors includes a first metal conductor, and the second group of metal conductors includes a second metal conductor; The first metal conductor and the second metal conductor are strip-shaped metal conductors.

10. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that: The antenna structure further comprises: an electric dipole structure; The electric dipole structure is located on the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate and is located in the region of the through groove; The electric dipole structure comprises a first electric dipole unit and a second electric dipole unit; There is a gap between both sides of the first electric dipole unit and the second electric dipole unit and the edge of the through slot; The first electric dipole unit and the second electric dipole unit are parallel and symmetrical with respect to the feeding probe group.

11. The antenna structure according to claim 10, characterized in that: The first target frequency band is smaller than the second target frequency band; in the second target frequency band, the working wavelength in the first dielectric substrate is a first wavelength; in the second target frequency band, the working wavelength in free space is a second wavelength; The first electric dipole unit and the second electric dipole unit have the same length and are located between half of the first wavelength and half of the second wavelength.

12. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first target frequency band is the Wi-Fi 2.4 GHz frequency band, and the second target frequency band is the Wi-Fi 5 GHz frequency band.

13. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower surface of the second dielectric substrate also includes a microstrip line; The feeding probe group is connected to a feed source via the microstrip line; The microstrip line is used to achieve impedance matching with the first target frequency band and the second target frequency band.

14. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The through slot is a rectangular through slot.

15. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device comprises one or more antenna structures according to any one of claims 1 to 14.

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