Rebreather, breathing system and operating method thereof

Abstract

A rebreather and its breathing system and operation method, including an outer package, the outer package is provided with a plurality of holes, a mixed gas cylinder is fixed on the outer package, and a pure oxygen cylinder, a straight-tube carbon dioxide adsorbent tank and an air bag assembly are placed in the outer package from bottom to top in sequence; the air bag assembly includes an exhalation air bag and an inhalation air bag, the bottom end of the exhalation air bag is installed in cooperation with the air inlet of the carbon dioxide adsorbent tank, and the bottom end of the inhalation air bag is installed in cooperation with the air outlet of the carbon dioxide adsorbent tank; the top end of the exhalation air bag is connected to one end of a breathing mouthpiece through an exhalation hose, and the top end of the inhalation air bag is connected to the other end of the breathing mouthpiece through an inhalation hose; an air supply module is installed on the side wall of the exhalation air bag. By setting the air supply module, stable operation and easy switching of the two air supply modes of pure oxygen and mixed gas can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of submersible breathing apparatus, in particular to a rebreather and a breathing system and an operating method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Underwater rebreathers are air supply cylinders and respirators worn by divers. There are three types: open, closed, and semi-closed rebreathers.

[0003] In the prior art, there is an underwater rebreather, including a main unit, a breathing mouthpiece, a breathing hose, a breathing lung bag, a carbon dioxide absorbent tank and a gas cylinder. The main unit box is provided with a gas switch valve, which can realize the switching of different gas sources; at the same time, there is also a gas automatic / manual adding valve on the main unit box, which can manually or automatically add gas; in addition, there is also a computer meter external connector on the main unit box, as an option for an external computer meter, through which the oxygen partial pressure value in the system can be monitored in real time. There is an exhaust valve next to the breathing mouthpiece, which will automatically discharge the overloaded gas when the circulating gas volume is too large. There is also an exhaust valve on the side of the breathing lung bag, which is also used to discharge overloaded gas.

[0004] But the shortcomings of this product are:

[0005] ① Issues with the number and layout of switches: The product has numerous gas switch valves that are concentrated in one place, which can easily lead to operational errors during use;

[0006] ②The problem of the number of air tubes: The product has many air tubes, which may interfere with normal diving activities;

[0007] ③ Gas flow problem: The product has problems maintaining a constant flow of specific gases;

[0008] ④ Carbon dioxide absorption problem: The design of the product's "U-shaped" carbon dioxide absorbent tank makes the carbon dioxide absorption efficiency low;

[0009] ⑤ Exhaust problem: The product has a large respiratory impedance and has problems in exhausting excess gas;

[0010] ⑥Drainage problem: The product needs to be improved in terms of drainage of water caused by diving activities. Summary of the invention

[0011] In view of the shortcomings of the above-mentioned existing production technology, the applicant provides a rebreather and its breathing system and operation method. By setting up an air supply module, it is possible to achieve stable operation and easy switching of the two air supply modes of pure oxygen and mixed gas under the condition of using sufficiently few pipelines and valves; at the same time, by setting up a carbon dioxide adsorbent tank, it is possible to effectively solve the problem of water ingress during use, ensure the stability of the internal air pressure of the respirator, improve the carbon dioxide absorption efficiency, and ensure safe use.

[0012] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0013] A rebreather, comprising an outer bag, the outer bag being provided with a plurality of holes, the outer bag being provided with a mixed gas cylinder, the inner bag being provided with a pure oxygen cylinder, a straight-tube carbon dioxide adsorbent tank and an air bag assembly in order from bottom to top;

[0014] The gas outlet of the pure oxygen cylinder is equipped with a first gas cylinder valve, on which a pure oxygen primary pressure reducer is installed; the gas outlet of the mixed gas cylinder is equipped with a second gas cylinder valve, on which a mixed gas primary pressure reducer is installed;

[0015] The air bag assembly includes an exhalation air bag and an inhalation air bag, the bottom end of the exhalation air bag is installed in cooperation with the air inlet of the carbon dioxide adsorbent tank, and the bottom end of the inhalation air bag is installed in cooperation with the air outlet of the carbon dioxide adsorbent tank;

[0016] The top of the exhalation air bag is connected to one end of the breathing mouthpiece through an exhalation hose, and the top of the inhalation air bag is connected to the other end of the breathing mouthpiece through an inhalation hose. A mouthpiece switch valve is installed inside the breathing mouthpiece, an exhalation one-way valve is installed between the breathing mouthpiece and the exhalation hose, and an inhalation one-way valve is installed between the breathing mouthpiece and the inhalation hose.

[0017] An air supply module is installed on the side wall of the exhalation air bag. The air supply module is connected to the medium-pressure hole of the pure oxygen primary pressure reducer through a pure oxygen medium-pressure pipe. The air supply module is connected to the medium-pressure hole of the mixed gas primary pressure reducer. The air supply module delivers pure oxygen or mixed gas to the exhalation air bag according to usage requirements.

[0018] A pure oxygen residual pressure gauge is installed on the high pressure hole of the pure oxygen first-stage pressure reducer, and a mixed gas residual pressure gauge is installed on the high pressure hole of the mixed gas first-stage pressure reducer.

[0019] As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

[0020] The structure of the air supply module is as follows: it includes a shell with a hollow interior, the side wall of the shell is provided with symmetrically arranged first through holes, an addition valve is installed in one of the first through holes, a pressing cover is provided on the addition valve, a hollow cylinder is installed in another first through hole, the air supply module is connected to the exhalation air bag through the hollow cylinder, a second through hole is also provided on the side wall of the shell, the second through hole is located below the first through hole for installing the addition valve, a gas switching valve is installed in the second through hole, a plurality of third through holes are provided on the bottom surface of the shell, a check valve is installed in a single third through hole;

[0021] The shell body is equipped with a parallel switch rod and a cylindrical air supply rod, the air supply rod and the switch rod are connected by an air pipe, the wall of the air supply rod is symmetrically provided with square grooves for installing a retaining spring, the wall of the air supply rod is also provided with an opening for releasing gas, a pressure balancing device is equipped inside the air supply rod, the outer end of the retaining spring corresponds to the pressing cover, and the retaining spring is also connected to the pressure balancing device inside the air supply rod through the square groove;

[0022] When the pressing cover is pressed, the clamping spring converts the pressing force parallel to the radial direction of the gas supply rod into a force parallel to the axial direction of the gas supply rod, thereby driving the pressure release device to move linearly along the axial direction of the gas supply rod, so that the pressure release device opens, thereby releasing the gas in the pressure release device;

[0023] When the gas pressure in the pressure release device reaches the release requirement, the pressure release device automatically opens to release the gas inside;

[0024] One check valve is connected to the pure oxygen medium-pressure pipe, and the other check valve is connected to the mixed gas medium-pressure pipe. The check valve connected to the pure oxygen medium-pressure pipe is connected to the switching rod through a first connecting pipe inside the shell, and the check valve connected to the mixed gas medium-pressure pipe is connected to the switching rod through a second connecting pipe inside the shell;

[0025] Two sets of sealing ring groups are installed at intervals on the outer circumferential surface of the switching rod, and the sealing ring groups are used to seal the gas pipe, the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe. A plurality of first air inlet holes are opened on the wall surface of the switching rod between the two sets of sealing ring groups, and the first air inlet holes are connected to the gas pipe. A sliding groove is also opened on the outer circumferential surface of the switching rod, and a plug is installed in the sliding groove. An arc groove is opened on the wall surface of the plug, and a screw is installed in the arc groove. The screw is fixed on the inner wall surface of the sliding groove, and one end of the plug is fixed to the gas switching valve;

[0026] The insert is rotated by turning the gas switching valve, so that the screw slides in the arc groove on the insert, thereby converting the rotational motion of the insert into the linear motion of the switching rod in the horizontal direction;

[0027] When the gas switching valve is in the initial state, the rebreather is in the pure oxygen closed mode. At this time, the first air inlet connects the air delivery pipe with the first connecting pipe, and the sealing ring assembly seals the second connecting pipe, so that the gas in the pure oxygen cylinder is released into the shell through the pure oxygen medium-pressure pipe, the first connecting pipe, the first air inlet, the air delivery pipe and the air supply rod in sequence, and finally enters the exhalation air bag through the hollow cylinder;

[0028] When the gas switching valve is turned to put the rebreather in the mixed gas semi-closed mode, the first air inlet hole connects the second connecting pipe with the internal space of the shell, and the sealing ring group seals the gas delivery pipe and the first connecting pipe, so that the gas in the mixed gas cylinder is released into the interior of the shell through the mixed gas medium-pressure pipe, the second connecting pipe and the first air inlet hole in sequence, and finally enters the exhalation bag through the hollow cylinder.

[0029] The structure of the pressure release device is as follows: it comprises a first connecting member and a fixing seat respectively installed at two ends of the air supply rod, a second connecting member is installed between the first connecting member and the fixing seat, and a side wall surface of the second connecting member is fixed to one end of a clamping spring;

[0030] A second air inlet hole is provided in the middle of the first connecting member, a convex protrusion is provided at the end of the first connecting member, a U-shaped portion corresponding to the protrusion is provided at one end of the second connecting member, the other end of the second connecting member is mounted in cooperation with the fixing seat through a spring, and a groove for extending the stroke of the second connecting member is provided in the middle of the fixing seat;

[0031] Initially, the top surface of the protruding portion is in close contact with the bottom surface of the U-shaped portion, so that the U-shaped portion seals the second air inlet hole;

[0032] When the gas pressure in the second air inlet reaches the release requirement or the retaining spring drives the second connecting member to move linearly, the second connecting member moves linearly along the groove away from the protrusion, so that the bottom surface of the U-shaped portion leaves the protrusion, thereby releasing the gas in the second air inlet.

[0033] A single check valve is installed in conjunction with a connector for connecting a pipeline.

[0034] The structure of the carbon dioxide adsorbent tank is as follows: it includes a cylindrical adsorption cabin, two ends of the interior of the adsorption cabin are symmetrically installed with porous pressure plates, two ends of the exterior of the adsorption cabin are respectively installed with a drainage cabin and a condensed water cabin, the interiors of the drainage cabin and the condensed water cabin are both matched with a bowl-shaped partition, the two partitions are symmetrically arranged, one partition separates the interior space of the drainage cabin from the interior space of the adsorption cabin, and the other partition separates the interior space of the condensed water cabin from the interior space of the adsorption cabin, a hole for gas to pass through is opened in the middle of a single partition, and a reinforcing rib is arranged on a single partition;

[0035] The side wall of the drainage cabin is provided with a gas inlet connected to the exhalation air bag, the side wall of the condensation water cabin is provided with a gas outlet connected to the inhalation air bag, and the interior of the adsorption cabin is filled with a chemical reagent for adsorbing carbon dioxide;

[0036] The gas in the exhalation air bag enters the drainage cabin through the gas inlet, enters the adsorption cabin through the hole of a partition, enters the condensation water cabin through the hole of another partition, and then enters the inhalation air bag from the gas outlet on the condensation water cabin.

[0037] An exhaust hole is also provided on the wall surface of the drainage compartment, and an automatic drainage and exhaust valve is installed on the exhaust hole.

[0038] The chemical reagent for adsorbing carbon dioxide in the adsorption cabin is calcium hydroxide.

[0039] The exhalation hose and the exhalation air bag, the exhalation air bag and the air supply module, the exhalation air bag and the carbon dioxide adsorbent tank, the carbon dioxide adsorbent tank and the inhalation air bag, and the inhalation air bag and the inhalation hose are all installed by quick-release buckles.

[0040] A breathing system of the rebreather, wherein the working modes of the breathing system include a pure oxygen closed mode and a mixed gas semi-closed mode;

[0041] When using the pure oxygen closed mode, the gas exhaled by the user continuously enters the exhalation air bag through the exhalation one-way valve and the exhalation hose, and the pure oxygen in the pure oxygen cylinder is input into the exhalation air bag through the gas supply module at intervals. At this time, the gas in the exhalation air bag constitutes the first type of gas, which enters the carbon dioxide adsorbent tank through the air inlet of the carbon dioxide adsorbent tank. The carbon dioxide adsorbent tank removes the carbon dioxide component in the first type of gas to generate the first type of filtered gas. The first type of filtered gas enters the inhalation air bag through the air outlet of the carbon dioxide adsorbent tank. The user inhales the first type of filtered gas in the inhalation air bag through the inhalation hose to perform a breathing cycle;

[0042] When the mixed gas semi-closed mode is used, the gas exhaled by the user continuously enters the exhalation bag through the exhalation one-way valve and the exhalation hose, and at the same time, the mixed gas in the mixed gas cylinder is continuously input into the exhalation bag at a constant gas flow rate through the gas supply module. The gas in the exhalation bag constitutes the second type of gas, which enters the carbon dioxide adsorbent tank through the air inlet of the carbon dioxide adsorbent tank. The carbon dioxide adsorbent tank removes the carbon dioxide component in the second type of gas to generate the second type of filtered gas. The second type of filtered gas enters the inhalation bag through the air outlet of the carbon dioxide adsorbent tank. The user inhales the second type of filtered gas in the inhalation bag through the inhalation hose to perform a breathing cycle;

[0043] The carbon dioxide adsorbent tank is provided with an automatic drain and exhaust valve. In the mixed gas semi-closed mode, when the gas in the breathing system is overloaded, the excess gas is discharged to the outside of the system through the automatic drain and exhaust valve.

[0044] A method for operating a rebreather, comprising the following steps:

[0045] S1. Before using the respirator, it is necessary to pre-fill the carbon dioxide adsorbent tank with granular carbon dioxide adsorbent, pre-fill the pure oxygen cylinder with pure oxygen gas, and pre-fill the mixed gas cylinder with mixed gas;

[0046] S2. Before entering the water, you need to empty all the gas inside the respirator, and then open the first and second gas cylinder valves;

[0047] S3. The user performs internal gas exchange and then opens the mouthpiece switch valve, at which time the user breathes through the mouthpiece;

[0048] S4. The default working mode of the respirator is the pure oxygen closed mode. The pipeline connected to the pure oxygen gas in the gas supply module is connected, and the pipeline connected to the mixed gas is blocked. The pure oxygen gas in the pure oxygen cylinder is reduced in pressure by the pure oxygen primary pressure reducer and then flows into the gas supply module through the pure oxygen medium-pressure pipe. The respirator provides breathing gas for the user in the pure oxygen mode;

[0049] S5. When the working mode needs to be switched, the working mode of the respirator is switched to the mixed gas mode by switching the air supply module;

[0050] S6. In the mixed gas semi-closed mode, the pipeline connected to the pure oxygen gas in the gas supply module is blocked, and the pipeline connected to the mixed gas is connected. The mixed gas in the mixed gas cylinder is reduced in pressure by the mixed gas first-stage pressure reducer and then flows into the gas supply module through the mixed gas medium-pressure pipe. The respirator provides breathing gas to the user in the mixed gas mode.

[0051] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0052] The present invention has a compact and reasonable structure and is easy to operate. By arranging an air supply module, it can ensure that the air supply of the respirator is stable and reliable, effectively reduce the number of pipeline valves, and improve the flexibility of use of the respirator. The overall layout design is compact and has efficient flood control and drainage capabilities. The breathing resistance inside the respirator is low, thereby achieving low breathing work and being able to efficiently adapt to work tasks of various intensities.

[0053] The present invention also has the following advantages:

[0054] (1) In order to reduce the number of switches, the gas supply is modularized in the present invention. By setting a switch valve and a switching rod connected thereto, the two working modes can be easily switched by rotating the gas switching valve, which can reduce the number of air pipes and greatly reduce the difficulty of machine operation. The two working modes of the respirator are pure oxygen closed mode and mixed gas semi-closed mode. The maximum working depth of the pure oxygen closed mode can reach 10 meters underwater. No bubbles are generated in this mode, and the use time can be achieved for 3-5 hours. The maximum working depth of the mixed gas semi-closed mode can reach 40 meters underwater and the use time can be achieved for 20-40 minutes. This mode can achieve a constant flow output of the mixed gas, effectively reducing the risk of oxygen poisoning for users.

[0055] (2) In the present invention, by providing an air supply rod, when the ambient pressure increases or the volume of the lung bag consumed by human metabolism decreases, the supplementary gas can be automatically replenished into the exhalation bag, which can automatically meet the ventilation volume requirements of the respirator and the metabolic needs of the user; at the same time, the air supply module is also provided with an adding valve, a pressing cover and a retaining spring, and the user can manually add pure oxygen to the exhalation bag by pressing the pressing cover, which can meet personalized usage needs.

[0056] (3) The present invention adopts a straight-cylindrical carbon dioxide adsorbent tank, which can be loaded with 2.5 kg of carbon dioxide adsorbent. The adsorption time is 4-6 hours. The adsorption form of the adsorbent tank is radial filtration. The straight-cylindrical structure is conducive to the rapid flow of gas, which can maximize the gas adsorption efficiency and breathing efficiency.

[0057] (4) The carbon dioxide absorbent tank in the present invention mainly includes a drainage tank, an adsorption tank and a condensed water tank. By setting up the drainage tank, excess moisture in the exhalation air bag can be collected. By installing a bowl-shaped partition in the drainage tank, only one drainage and exhaust valve is provided to meet the use requirements, effectively reducing the number of exhaust valves, so that excess gas and moisture can be discharged in time, ensuring the stability of the respirator performance; by setting up a condensed water tank, condensed water generated by the reaction of carbon dioxide and calcium hydroxide can be collected. At the same time, the partition in the condensed water tank can buffer the filtered gas, ensuring the smooth airflow inside the respirator.

[0058] (5) The present invention provides a first-stage pressure reducer and a constant flow valve, which can effectively reduce the influence of external environment such as diving depth and water pressure on the gas output of the gas cylinder, thereby ensuring stable and reliable working performance.

[0059] (6) In the present invention, both the exhalation air bag and the inhalation air bag are made of 210D nylon plus TPU composite material, and their volume is reasonably planned according to the inhalation and exhalation volumes of the human body. The total volume of the air bag assembly is 6 liters, of which the volume of the inhalation air bag is 2.2 liters and the volume of the exhalation air bag is 3.8 liters. The air bag has good ductility and soft texture, which can ensure that the air pressure change inside the air bag is the natural contraction of the air bag, thereby effectively reducing the breathing resistance and improving the breathing efficiency.

[0060] (7) In the present invention, a quick-release buckle is provided and a retaining spring is provided inside the buckle. The internal structure of the retaining groove corresponds to the corresponding male connector, which can meet the requirements of rapid disassembly and assembly of the internal components of the respirator and has reliable connection performance. At the same time, the modular assembly method makes disassembly and assembly more convenient, facilitates the inspection of the various components of the respirator, and facilitates the timely discovery of safety hazards.

[0061] (8) The present invention can be applied to freshwater and seawater areas, and can be used in military operations, deep-sea salvage, underwater rescue and cave exploration. The maximum diving depth can reach 40 meters underwater. The overall size is 450mm long × 440mm wide × 90mm high. It weighs only 11.4 kg when not loaded with adsorbent. The total volume of the airbag assembly is 6L. It adopts 210D nylon plus TPU composite material. The airbag material can withstand a tensile force of 450N and has excellent ductility, which meets military standard requirements. At the same time, the outer packaging adopts 1000D*1000D 64T CORDURA military-grade nylon meets military standards, is puncture-proof, and is durable. The entire equipment has low magnetism, and the hardware components are made of copper and stainless steel. The entire equipment is black, which has a good concealment effect. The breathing hose is made of rubber material with good mechanical properties, and is resistant to high and low temperatures, acid and alkali environments, and has high resistance to ultraviolet rays. The static length of a single hose is 300mm, and it can withstand an axial tension of 300N. Other components such as the air supply module and carbon dioxide absorbent tank are made of Saigang POM material, which is environmentally friendly and pollution-free. The connections of each component are firm and airtight, and the connection parts are equipped with fluororubber waterproof sealing rings, which are wear-resistant, durable, and have a long service life.

[0062] (9) The breathing system of the present invention can ensure that the gas forms a one-way flow in the circuit when the user breathes. The gas circuit is reasonably designed and can achieve internal circulation while ensuring safety performance, effectively reducing the generation of breathing bubbles and improving concealment performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0063] Figure 1 The structure of the present invention is schematically shown Figure 1 .

[0064] Figure 2 The structure of the present invention is schematically shown Figure 2 .

[0065] Figure 3 It is an exploded view of the present invention.

[0066] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention.

[0067] Figure 5 for Figure 4 main view.

[0068] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the gas flow direction when the present invention is in working state.

[0069] Figure 7 The structure of the air supply module in the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 .

[0070] Figure 8 The structure of the air supply module in the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 .

[0071] Fig. 9 It is an exploded view of the air supply module in the present invention.

[0072] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shell in the present invention.

[0073] Fig.11 It is the front view of the switching lever in the present invention.

[0074] Fig.12 for Fig.11 Cross-sectional view of section AA.

[0075] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the gas supply rod structure in the present invention.

[0076] Fig.14 for Fig.13 main view.

[0077] Fig.15 for Fig.14 Cross-sectional view of section BB.

[0078] Fig.16 It is a structural schematic diagram of the carbon dioxide adsorbent tank in the present invention.

[0079] Fig.17 for Fig.16 Exploded diagram.

[0080] Fig.18 for Fig.16 Top view of the .

[0081] Fig.19 for Fig.18 Cross-sectional view of section CC.

[0082] Among them: 1. Breathing mouthpiece; 2. Mouthpiece switch valve; 3. Exhalation check valve; 4. Inhalation check valve; 5. Exhalation hose; 6. Inhalation hose; 7. Exhalation air bag; 8. Inhalation air bag; 9. Air supply module; 10. Quick release buckle; 11. Carbon dioxide adsorbent tank; 12. Outer package; 13. Pure oxygen medium pressure pipe; 14. Mixed gas medium pressure pipe; 15. Pure oxygen cylinder; 16. Pure oxygen first-stage pressure reducer; 17. First gas cylinder valve; 18. Pure oxygen residual pressure gauge; 19. Mixed gas cylinder; 20. Mixed gas first-stage pressure reducer; 21. Second gas cylinder valve; 22. Mixed gas residual pressure gauge;

[0083] 901, housing; 902, switching rod; 903, first air inlet; 904, sealing ring; 905, slide groove; 906, adding valve; 907, pressing cover; 908, gas switching valve; 909, insert; 910, check valve; 911, joint; 912, retaining ring; 913, air supply rod; 914, hollow cylinder; 915, square groove; 916, opening; 917, first connecting piece; 918, second air inlet; 919, protrusion; 920, second connecting piece; 921, U-shaped part; 922, fixing seat; 923, groove; 924, spring;

[0084] 1101. Drainage tank; 1102. Adsorption tank; 1103. Condensate tank; 1104. Valve; 1105. Porous pressure plate; 1106. Partition; 1108. Hole; 1109. Reinforcement rib. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0085] The specific implementation of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0086] Embodiment 1:

[0087] like Figure 1-Figure 19As shown, the rebreather of this embodiment includes an outer package 12, on which a plurality of holes are arranged, a mixed gas cylinder 19 is fixed on the outside of the outer package 12, and a pure oxygen cylinder 15, a carbon dioxide adsorbent tank 11 with a straight cylindrical structure and an air bag assembly are placed in sequence from bottom to top inside the outer package 12; a first gas cylinder valve 17 is installed in cooperation with the gas outlet of the pure oxygen cylinder 15, and a pure oxygen primary pressure reducer 16 is installed in cooperation with the first gas cylinder valve 17, a second gas cylinder valve 21 is installed in cooperation with the gas outlet of the mixed gas cylinder 19, and a mixed gas primary pressure reducer 20 is installed in cooperation with the second gas cylinder valve 21; the air bag assembly includes an exhalation air bag 7 and an inhalation air bag 8, the bottom end of the exhalation air bag 7 is installed in cooperation with the gas inlet of the carbon dioxide adsorbent tank 11, and the bottom end of the inhalation air bag 8 is installed in cooperation with the gas outlet of the carbon dioxide adsorbent tank 11; the top end of the exhalation air bag 7 is installed through the exhalation The air hose 5 is connected to one end of the breathing mouthpiece 1, the top of the inhalation air bag 8 is connected to the other end of the breathing mouthpiece 1 through the inhalation hose 6, a mouthpiece switch valve 2 is installed inside the breathing mouthpiece 1, an exhalation check valve 3 is installed between the breathing mouthpiece 1 and the exhalation hose 5, and an inhalation check valve 4 is installed between the breathing mouthpiece 1 and the inhalation hose 6; an air supply module 9 is installed on the side wall of the exhalation air bag 7, the air supply module 9 is connected to the medium-pressure hole of the pure oxygen first-stage pressure reducer 16 through the pure oxygen medium-pressure pipe 13, and the air supply module 9 is connected to the medium-pressure hole of the mixed gas first-stage pressure reducer 20, and the air supply module 9 delivers pure oxygen or mixed gas to the exhalation air bag 7 according to usage requirements; a pure oxygen residual pressure gauge 18 is installed on the high-pressure hole of the pure oxygen first-stage pressure reducer 16, and a mixed gas residual pressure gauge 22 is installed on the high-pressure hole of the mixed gas first-stage pressure reducer 20. The rebreather includes a breathing mouthpiece 1, an exhalation hose 5, an inhalation hose 6, an exhalation air bag 7, an inhalation air bag 8, an air supply module 9, a carbon dioxide adsorbent tank 11, an outer bag 12, a pure oxygen medium-pressure pipe 13, a mixed gas medium-pressure pipe 14, a pure oxygen cylinder 15, a pure oxygen first-stage pressure reducer 16, a first gas cylinder valve 17, a pure oxygen residual pressure gauge 18 and a mixed gas cylinder 19.

[0088] Among them, an exhalation one-way valve 3 and an inhalation one-way valve 4 are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the breathing mouthpiece 1. The one-way valve is a mushroom cap-shaped silicone sheet, which is used to ensure the one-way flow of gas and is an important component of forming a breathing circuit. During installation, the end of the breathing mouthpiece 1 provided with the exhalation one-way valve 3 is connected to the exhalation hose 5 through a threaded connection, and the end of the breathing mouthpiece 1 provided with the inhalation one-way valve 4 is connected to the inhalation hose 6 through a threaded connection. Each connecting part is provided with a waterproof sealing ring, which is fixed with a locking ring after connection. The breathing mouthpiece 1, the exhalation one-way valve 3, the inhalation one-way valve 4, the exhalation hose 5 and the inhalation hose 6 together constitute the main structure of the upper half of the breathing circuit.

[0089] The pure oxygen first-stage pressure reducer 16 is connected to the first gas cylinder valve 17 through threads. The pure oxygen first-stage pressure reducer 16 is divided into a medium-pressure hole and a high-pressure hole. The pure oxygen medium-pressure pipe 13 is connected to the medium-pressure hole of the pure oxygen first-stage pressure reducer 16 through threads. The other end of the pure oxygen medium-pressure pipe 13 is connected to the locking joint 911 through threads, and then the joint 911 is connected to the check valve 910 on the gas supply module 9 through a bead-shaped buckle. After connection, it can be tightened and fixed by the rotatable locking ring on the joint 911. The pure oxygen residual pressure gauge 18 is connected to the high-pressure hole of the pure oxygen first-stage pressure reducer 16 through threads, and each threaded connection is equipped with a waterproof sealing ring; Mixing The first-stage pressure reducer 20 for mixed gas is connected to the second gas cylinder valve 21 through threads. The first-stage pressure reducer 20 for mixed gas is provided with a medium-pressure hole and a high-pressure hole. The medium-pressure pipe 14 for mixed gas is connected to the medium-pressure hole of the first-stage pressure reducer 20 for mixed gas through threads. The other end of the medium-pressure pipe 14 for mixed gas is connected to another joint 911 through threads. The joint 911 is then connected to the corresponding check valve 910 through a bead-shaped buckle. After connection, the connection can be tightened and fixed by a rotatable locking ring on the joint 911. The residual pressure gauge 22 for mixed gas is connected to the high-pressure hole of the first-stage pressure reducer 20 for mixed gas through threads. Waterproof sealing rings are installed at each threaded connection.

[0090] The outer bag 12 is a nylon cloth bag tailored according to the assembly positions of the components of the respirator. Pure oxygen cylinders 15, carbon dioxide adsorbents 11 and air bag components are stored inside. A hole corresponding to valve 1104 is opened on the side of the outer bag 12, through which valve 1104 is exposed outside the bag. A hole corresponding to the first gas cylinder valve 17 is also opened, through which the first gas cylinder valve 17 is exposed outside the bag. Velcro straps are provided on the outside of the outer bag 12 to fix the position of the mixed gas cylinder 19.

[0091] A constant flow valve is installed in the mixed gas medium-pressure pipe 14, which can ensure that the mixed gas cylinder 19 in the mixed gas working mode can continuously deliver the mixed gas to the gas supply module 9 at a constant gas flow rate; when using 32% high oxygen mixed gas, it is matched with a constant flow valve with an aperture size of 0.35mm, and the gas outlet flow rate is 15.7L / min; when using 40% high oxygen mixed gas, it is matched with a constant flow valve with an aperture size of 0.28mm, and the gas outlet flow rate is 10.8L / min; when using 60% high oxygen mixed gas, it is matched with a constant flow valve with an aperture size of 0.21mm, and the gas outlet flow rate is 5.8L / min.

[0092] The airbag assembly adopts a cubic structure, so that the airbag assembly is not easy to collapse, and the volume of the exhalation airbag 7 is greater than that of the inhalation airbag 8; the total volume of the airbag assembly in the present invention is 6 liters, of which the volume of the exhalation airbag 7 is 3.8 liters, and the volume of the inhalation airbag 8 is 2.2 liters, which is more in line with the actual breathing volume of the human body and meets the requirements of the national military standard; the outer surface of the bag body of the airbag assembly is made of nylon material, and the inner lining is made of TPU material. The two materials are compounded together by voltage, and contain plastic and cloth at the same time. While ensuring its ductility, it becomes more flexible, and the contraction of the airbag caused by human breathing is more natural; the male head and quick-release buckle 10 installed on the bag body are both made of TPU material, and are both installed on the bag body by hot pressing; the exhalation airbag 7 and the inhalation airbag 8 are independent of each other, which can ensure that the gas inhaled by the human body and the gas exhaled will not be mixed together, so as to prevent safety accidents.

[0093] The structure of the air supply module 9 is as follows: it includes a shell 901 with a hollow interior, and a symmetrically arranged first through hole is opened on the side wall of the shell 901, an addition valve 906 is installed in one of the first through holes, and a pressing cover 907 is provided on the addition valve 906, and a hollow cylinder 914 is installed in another first through hole, and the air supply module 9 is connected to the exhalation air bag 7 through the hollow cylinder 914, and a second through hole is also opened on the side wall of the shell 901, and the second through hole is located below the first through hole for installing the addition valve 906, and a gas switching valve 908 is installed in the second through hole, and a plurality of third through holes are opened on the bottom surface of the shell 901, and a check valve 910 is installed in each of the third through holes; the interior of the shell 901 is installed with The switch rod 902 and the cylindrical air supply rod 913 are arranged in parallel. The air supply rod 913 is connected to the switch rod 902 through an air pipe. The wall of the air supply rod 913 is symmetrically provided with square grooves 915 for matching the installation of the retaining spring 912. The wall of the air supply rod 913 is also provided with an opening 916 for releasing gas. A pressure balancing device is installed inside the air supply rod 913. One end of the retaining spring 912 is connected to the pressing cover 907, and the other end passes through the square groove 915 and is connected to the pressure balancing device inside the air supply rod 913. When the pressing cover 907 is pressed, the retaining spring 912 converts the pressing force parallel to the radial direction of the air supply rod 913 into a force parallel to the axial direction of the air supply rod 913, thereby driving the pressure release device to move along the air supply rod 913. 913 makes axial linear motion, so that the pressure release device opens, thereby releasing the gas in the pressure release device; when the gas pressure in the pressure release device reaches the release requirement, the pressure release device automatically opens to release the internal gas; a check valve 910 is connected to the pure oxygen medium-pressure pipe 13, and the other check valve 910 is connected to the mixed gas medium-pressure pipe 14. The check valve 910 connected to the pure oxygen medium-pressure pipe 13 is connected to the switching rod 902 through a first connecting pipe inside the shell 901, and the check valve 910 connected to the mixed gas medium-pressure pipe 14 is connected to the switching rod 902 through a second connecting pipe inside the shell 901; two sets of sealing ring groups 904 are installed at intervals on the outer circumferential surface of the switching rod 902. The group 904 is used to seal the gas delivery pipe, the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe. A plurality of first air inlet holes 903 are provided on the wall surface of the switching rod 902 between the two groups of sealing ring groups 904. A sliding groove 905 is also provided on the outer circumferential surface of the switching rod 902. A plug-in piece 909 is installed in the sliding groove 905. An arc groove is provided on the wall surface of the plug-in piece 909. A screw is installed in the arc groove. The screw is fixed on the inner wall surface of the sliding groove 905. One end of the plug-in piece 909 is fixed to the gas switching valve 908. The plug-in piece 909 is driven to rotate by rotating the gas switching valve 908, so that the screw slides in the arc groove on the plug-in piece 909, thereby converting the rotational motion of the plug-in piece 909 into the linear motion of the switching rod 902 along the horizontal direction.When the gas switching valve 908 is in the initial state, the rebreather is in the pure oxygen closed mode. At this time, the first air inlet 903 connects the air supply pipe with the first connecting pipe, and the sealing ring group 904 seals the second connecting pipe, so that the gas in the pure oxygen cylinder 15 is released into the shell 901 through the pure oxygen medium-pressure pipe 13, the first connecting pipe, the first air inlet 903, the air supply pipe and the air supply rod 913 in sequence, and finally enters the exhalation air bag 7 through the hollow cylinder 914; when the gas switching valve 908 is rotated to put the rebreather in the mixed gas semi-closed mode, at this time, the first air inlet 903 connects the second connecting pipe with the internal space of the shell 901, and the sealing ring group 904 seals the air supply pipe with the first connecting pipe, so that the gas in the mixed gas cylinder 19 is released into the shell 901 through the mixed gas medium-pressure pipe 14, the second connecting pipe and the first air inlet 903 in sequence, and finally enters the exhalation air bag 7 through the hollow cylinder 914. The check valve 910 is provided with a spring and a one-way valve plug, which can prevent gas from flowing back and can play a certain buffering role on the passing airflow. The check valve 910 can prevent the connection pipeline from being disconnected and water from penetrating into the respirator under diving conditions. ;

[0094] The gas supply in the pure oxygen closed mode is provided on demand. When the environmental pressure increases or the metabolic consumption of the human body increases, the pure oxygen gas is automatically replenished into the exhalation bag through the pressure release device; at the same time, the user can also replenish the gas by manually pressing the press cover 907; in the mixed gas working mode, the aperture size of the constant flow valve needs to be set in advance, and the mixed gas will flow into the respirator continuously at a certain gas flow rate.

[0095] The structure of the pressure release device is as follows: it includes a first connecting member 917 and a fixing seat 922 respectively installed at the two ends of the air supply rod 913, a second connecting member 920 is installed between the first connecting member 917 and the fixing seat 922, and the side wall surface of the second connecting member 920 is fixed to one end of the retaining spring 912; a second air inlet hole 918 is opened in the middle of the first connecting member 917, a convex protrusion 919 is provided at the end of the first connecting member 917, a U-shaped portion 921 corresponding to the protrusion 919 is provided at one end of the second connecting member 920, and the other end of the second connecting member 920 is installed in cooperation with the fixing seat 922 through a spring 924 A groove 923 for extending the stroke of the second connecting member 920 is provided in the middle of the fixing seat 922; initially, the top surface of the protrusion 919 is in close contact with the bottom surface of the U-shaped portion 921, so that the U-shaped portion 921 seals the second air inlet hole 918; when the gas pressure in the second air inlet hole 918 reaches the release requirement or the retaining spring 912 drives the second connecting member 920 to move linearly, the second connecting member 920 moves linearly along the groove 923 away from the protrusion 919, so that the bottom surface of the U-shaped portion 921 leaves the protrusion 919, thereby releasing the gas in the second air inlet hole 918; the single check valve 910 is equipped with a connector 911 for connecting the pipeline.

[0096] The structure of the carbon dioxide adsorbent tank 11 is as follows: it includes a cylindrical adsorption cabin 1102, and porous pressure plates 1105 are symmetrically installed at both ends of the interior of the adsorption cabin 1102. A drainage cabin 1101 and a condensed water cabin 1103 are respectively installed at both ends of the exterior of the adsorption cabin 1102. The interiors of the drainage cabin 1101 and the condensed water cabin 1103 are both equipped with a bowl-shaped partition 1106. The two partitions 1106 are symmetrically arranged, one partition 1106 separates the internal space of the drainage cabin 1101 from the internal space of the adsorption cabin 1102, and the other partition 1106 separates the internal space of the condensed water cabin 1103 from the internal space of the adsorption cabin 1102. A hole 1108 is opened in the middle of the single partition 1106 for gas to pass through, and a reinforcing rib 1106 is provided on the single partition 1106. 109; A gas inlet connected to the exhalation bag 7 is arranged on the side wall of the drainage cabin 1101, a gas outlet connected to the inhalation bag 8 is arranged on the side wall of the condensation water cabin 1103, and a chemical reagent for adsorbing carbon dioxide is filled in the adsorption cabin 1102; the gas in the exhalation bag 7 enters the drainage cabin 1101 through the gas inlet, enters the adsorption cabin 1102 through a hole 1108 of a partition 1106, and then enters the condensation water cabin 1103 through another hole 1108 of the partition 1106, and then enters the inhalation bag 8 from the gas outlet on the condensation water cabin 1103; an exhaust hole is also opened on the wall of the drainage cabin 1101, and an automatic drain and exhaust valve 1104 is installed on the exhaust hole; the chemical reagent for adsorbing carbon dioxide in the adsorption cabin 1102 is calcium hydroxide. The carbon dioxide absorbent tank 11 can load 2.5 kg of granular carbon dioxide absorbent, and the time for absorbing carbon dioxide is 4-6 hours. It can be used with a rebreather and applied in diving fields. The carbon dioxide absorbent tank 11 is made of Saigang POM material, which is environmentally friendly and pollution-free while ensuring hardness. Each connection part is equipped with a waterproof sealing ring and has good air tightness. The condensed water tank 1103 is used to collect the condensed water produced by the adsorption tank 1102 during the adsorption of carbon dioxide.

[0097] The valve 1104 is an automatic drain and exhaust valve, which is connected to the drainage cabin 1101 by a threaded connection, and a waterproof sealing ring is provided at the threaded connection; the drainage cabin 1101 is connected to the adsorption cabin 1103 by a ferrule connection, and the adsorption cabin 1103 is connected to the condensate cabin 1103 by a ferrule connection, and waterproof sealing rings are installed at the connections.

[0098] The bowl-shaped partition 1106 in the drainage compartment 1101 and the condensate compartment 1106 can play the role of smoothing the airflow. At the same time, the bowl-shaped partition 1106 can effectively prevent the accumulated water from flowing into the adsorption compartment 1102; the valve 14 on the drainage compartment 1101 can discharge the overloaded gas to the outside of the respirator to maintain the air pressure balance inside and outside the respirator, and when the accumulated water in the drainage compartment 1101 accumulates to a certain amount, it can flow out to the outside of the respirator through the valve 14.

[0099] The exhalation hose 5 and the exhalation air bag 7, the exhalation air bag 7 and the air supply module 9, the exhalation air bag 7 and the carbon dioxide adsorbent tank 11, the carbon dioxide adsorbent tank 11 and the inhalation air bag 8, and the inhalation air bag 8 and the inhalation hose 6 are all installed by means of quick-release buckles 10. The tops of the exhalation air bag 7 and the inhalation air bag 8 are provided with male heads corresponding to the quick-release buckles 10, through which the air bag assembly can be connected to the quick-release buckles 10, thereby respectively realizing the quick installation of the exhalation air bag 7 and the exhalation hose 5, and the inhalation air bag 8 and the inhalation hose 6; the air supply module 9 is provided with a male head corresponding to the quick-release buckle 10, through which the air supply module 9 and the quick-release buckle 10 can be connected, thereby completing the quick installation of the air supply module 9 and the exhalation air bag 7; the male head is provided with a waterproof sealing ring, and the connection method between the male head and the quick-release buckle 10 is a snap-on connection, and the quick-release buckle 10 is provided with a button, which can be pressed When the button is pressed, the buckle is released, and the connection between the quick-release components can be achieved; the drainage compartment 1101 is provided with a male head corresponding to the quick-release buckle 10, through which the connection between the drainage compartment 1101 and the exhalation air bag 7 can be achieved; the condensate water compartment 1103 is provided with a male head corresponding to the quick-release buckle 10, through which the connection between the condensate water compartment 1103 and the inhalation air bag 8 can be achieved; all male heads are provided with waterproof sealing rings, and the connection method between the male head and the quick-release buckle 10 is a buckle connection, and the quick-release buckle 10 is provided with a button. When the button is pressed, the buckle is released, and the connection between the quick-release components can be achieved.

[0100] This embodiment provides a rebreather that modularizes the various structures of the rebreather, which can effectively reduce the number of pipelines and valves and greatly reduce the difficulty of machine operation; by providing an air supply module 9, easy switching between the pure oxygen closed mode and the mixed gas semi-closed mode can be achieved, and the internal air pressure balance of the rebreather can be ensured to improve the breathing efficiency.

[0101] Embodiment 2:

[0102] like Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment provides a breathing system based on the rebreather provided in the first embodiment;

[0103] The working modes of the breathing system include pure oxygen closed mode and mixed gas semi-closed mode. In pure oxygen closed mode, the respirator is equipped with a carbon fiber gas cylinder with a working capacity of 1.5 liters / 2 liters and a working pressure of 200 bar. It can automatically add oxygen to the inhalation bag 8 through the gas supply module 9, or manually add oxygen by pressing the pressing cover 907; in mixed gas semi-closed mode, the respirator is equipped with a carbon fiber gas cylinder or steel cylinder with a working capacity of 2.5 liters-3 liters and a working pressure of 200bar-300bar. By installing a constant flow valve in the mixed gas medium pressure pipe 14, it can ensure that the gas in the mixed gas cylinder 19 flows into the inhalation bag 8 at a constant gas flow rate.

[0104] When using the pure oxygen closed mode, the gas exhaled by the user continuously enters the exhalation bag 7 through the exhalation one-way valve 3 and the exhalation hose 5, and the pure oxygen in the pure oxygen cylinder 15 is intermittently input into the exhalation bag 7 through the gas supply module 9. At this time, the gas in the exhalation bag 7 constitutes the first type of gas, which enters the carbon dioxide adsorbent tank 11 through the air inlet of the carbon dioxide adsorbent tank 11. The carbon dioxide adsorbent tank 11 removes the carbon dioxide component in the first type of gas, thereby generating the first type of filtered gas. The first type of filtered gas enters the inhalation bag 8 through the air outlet of the carbon dioxide adsorbent tank 11, and the user inhales the first type of filtered gas in the inhalation bag 8 through the inhalation hose 6 to perform a breathing cycle. The maximum working depth of the pure oxygen closed mode can reach 10 meters underwater. This mode does not generate bubbles and can achieve a usage time of 3h-5h.

[0105] When the mixed gas semi-closed mode is used, the gas exhaled by the user continuously enters the exhalation bag 7 through the exhalation one-way valve 3 and the exhalation hose 5. At the same time, the mixed gas in the mixed gas cylinder 19 is continuously input into the exhalation bag 7 at a constant gas flow rate through the gas supply module 9. The gas in the exhalation bag 7 constitutes the second type of gas, which enters the carbon dioxide adsorbent tank 11 through the air inlet of the carbon dioxide adsorbent tank 11. The carbon dioxide adsorbent tank 11 removes the carbon dioxide component in the second type of gas to generate the second type of filtered gas. The second type of filtered gas enters the inhalation bag 8 through the air outlet of the carbon dioxide adsorbent tank 11. The user inhales the second type of filtered gas in the inhalation bag 8 through the inhalation hose 6 to perform a breathing cycle. An automatic drain and exhaust valve is provided on the carbon dioxide adsorbent tank 11. In the mixed gas semi-closed mode, when the gas in the breathing system is overloaded, the excess gas is discharged to the outside of the system through the automatic drain and exhaust valve. When the diver's diving depth exceeds 7m, using pure oxygen as breathing gas can easily cause oxygen poisoning to the diver. Setting the mixed gas semi-closed mode can effectively avoid oxygen poisoning. When using 32% high oxygen mixed gas, the maximum working depth of this mode can reach 40 meters underwater, and the usage time can be achieved for 20-40 minutes.

[0106] The breathing system in this embodiment has two working modes. In the pure oxygen closed mode, pure oxygen gas is provided by the pressure difference or water pressure generated when the diver inhales. It is supplied on demand, which can effectively extend the working time, reduce the gas supply, prevent excess gas from overflowing and producing bubbles, and effectively improve concealment. In the mixed gas semi-closed mode, the user's life safety can be effectively guaranteed at high diving depths.

[0107] Embodiment three:

[0108] This embodiment uses the rebreather provided in the first embodiment to provide an operation method, comprising the following steps:

[0109] S1. Before using the respirator, it is necessary to pre-fill the carbon dioxide adsorbent tank 11 with granular carbon dioxide adsorbent, pre-fill the pure oxygen cylinder 15 with pure oxygen gas, and pre-fill the mixed gas cylinder 19 with mixed gas;

[0110] S1.1. The main component of the carbon dioxide adsorbent is calcium hydroxide;

[0111] S2. Before entering the water, it is necessary to empty all the gas inside the respirator to ensure the singleness of the circuit gas, and then open the first cylinder valve 17 and the second cylinder valve 21;

[0112] S3. The user performs gas exchange in the body, and then opens the mouthpiece switch valve 2, and the user breathes through the mouthpiece 1;

[0113] S4. The default working mode of the respirator is pure oxygen mode. The pipeline connected to the pure oxygen gas in the gas supply module 9 is connected, and the pipeline connected to the mixed gas is blocked. The pure oxygen gas in the pure oxygen cylinder 15 is decompressed by the pure oxygen primary pressure reducer 16 and then flows into the gas supply module 9 through the pure oxygen medium pressure pipe 13. The respirator provides breathing gas for the user in pure oxygen mode;

[0114] S4.1. At this time, the gas switching valve 908 is in the middle position, and the breathing system is in pure oxygen closed mode;

[0115] S5. When the working mode needs to be switched, the working mode of the respirator is switched to the mixed gas mode by switching the air supply module 9;

[0116] S6. In the mixed gas semi-closed mode, the pipeline connected to the pure oxygen gas in the gas supply module 9 is blocked, and the pipeline connected to the mixed gas is connected. The mixed gas in the mixed gas cylinder 19 is reduced in pressure by the mixed gas first-stage pressure reducer 20 and then flows into the gas supply module 9 through the mixed gas medium-pressure pipe 14. The respirator provides breathing gas for the user in the mixed gas mode.

[0117] This embodiment provides an operating method of the rebreather provided by the first embodiment. The working mode switching is simple and fast, which greatly reduces the difficulty of machine operation. The two working modes of the rebreather are the pure oxygen closed mode and the mixed gas semi-closed mode. The maximum working depth of the pure oxygen closed mode can reach 10 meters underwater. No bubbles are generated in this mode, and the use time can be achieved for 3-5 hours. The maximum working depth of the mixed gas semi-closed mode can reach 40 meters underwater, and the use time can be achieved for 20-40 minutes. This mode can achieve a constant flow output of the mixed gas, effectively reducing the risk of oxygen poisoning for the user.

[0118] The above description is an explanation of the present invention, not a limitation of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined in the claims. Any form of modification may be made within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rebreather, the working mode of which can be switched between a pure oxygen closed mode and a mixed gas semi-closed mode, characterized in that: The outer bag (12) comprises an outer bag (12) having a plurality of holes, a mixed gas cylinder (19) being fixed outside the outer bag (12), and a pure oxygen cylinder (15), a straight carbon dioxide adsorbent tank (11) and an air bag assembly being placed inside the outer bag (12) in order from bottom to top; The gas outlet of the pure oxygen cylinder (15) is equipped with a first gas cylinder valve (17), and the first gas cylinder valve (17) is equipped with a pure oxygen primary pressure reducer (16); the gas outlet of the mixed gas cylinder (19) is equipped with a second gas cylinder valve (21), and the second gas cylinder valve (21) is equipped with a mixed gas primary pressure reducer (20); The air bag assembly comprises an exhalation air bag (7) and an inhalation air bag (8), wherein the bottom end of the exhalation air bag (7) is mounted in cooperation with the air inlet of the carbon dioxide adsorbent tank (11), and the bottom end of the inhalation air bag (8) is mounted in cooperation with the air outlet of the carbon dioxide adsorbent tank (11); The top end of the exhalation air bag (7) is connected to one end of the breathing mouthpiece (1) through an exhalation hose (5), and the top end of the inhalation air bag (8) is connected to the other end of the breathing mouthpiece (1) through an inhalation hose (6). A mouthpiece switch valve (2) is installed in the breathing mouthpiece (1), an exhalation check valve (3) is installed between the breathing mouthpiece (1) and the exhalation hose (5), and an inhalation check valve (4) is installed between the breathing mouthpiece (1) and the inhalation hose (6). An air supply module (9) is mounted on the side wall of the exhalation air bag (7). The air supply module (9) is connected to the medium-pressure hole of the pure oxygen primary pressure reducer (16) via a pure oxygen medium-pressure pipe (13). The air supply module (9) is connected to the medium-pressure hole of the mixed gas primary pressure reducer (20). The air supply module (9) delivers pure oxygen or mixed gas to the exhalation air bag (7) according to usage requirements. The high-pressure hole of the pure oxygen primary pressure reducer (16) is equipped with a pure oxygen residual pressure gauge (18), and the high-pressure hole of the mixed gas primary pressure reducer (20) is equipped with a mixed gas residual pressure gauge (22); the structure of the gas supply module (9) is as follows: it comprises a hollow shell (901), the side wall surface of the shell (901) is provided with symmetrically arranged first through holes, an addition valve (906) is installed in one of the first through holes, and the addition valve (906) is provided with a press cover ( 907), a hollow cylinder (914) is cooperatively installed in another first through hole, the air supply module (9) is connected to the exhalation air bag (7) via the hollow cylinder (914), a second through hole is also opened on the side wall surface of the shell (901), the second through hole is located below the first through hole for installing the adding valve (906), a gas switching valve (908) is cooperatively installed in the second through hole, a plurality of third through holes are opened on the bottom surface of the shell (901), and a check valve (910) is cooperatively installed in each of the third through holes; The shell (901) is provided with a switching rod (902) and a cylindrical air supply rod (913) arranged in parallel. The air supply rod (913) and the switching rod (902) are connected via an air pipe. The wall of the air supply rod (913) is symmetrically provided with square grooves (915) for installing a retaining ring (912). The wall of the air supply rod (913) is also provided with an opening (916) for releasing gas. A pressure balancing device is provided inside the air supply rod (913). The outer end of the retaining ring (912) corresponds to the pressing cover (907). The retaining ring (912) also passes through the square groove (915) and is connected to the pressure balancing device inside the air supply rod (913). When the pressing cover (907) is pressed, the clamping spring (912) converts the pressing force parallel to the radial direction of the gas supply rod (913) into a force parallel to the axial direction of the gas supply rod (913), thereby driving the pressure release device to move linearly along the axial direction of the gas supply rod (913), so that the pressure release device opens, thereby releasing the gas in the pressure release device; When the gas pressure in the pressure release device reaches the release requirement, the pressure release device automatically opens to release the gas inside; One check valve (910) is connected to the pure oxygen medium-pressure pipe (13), and the other check valve (910) is connected to the mixed gas medium-pressure pipe (14); the check valve (910) connected to the pure oxygen medium-pressure pipe (13) is connected to the switching rod (902) inside the housing (901) via a first connecting pipe, and the check valve (910) connected to the mixed gas medium-pressure pipe (14) is connected to the switching rod (902) inside the housing (901) via a second connecting pipe; Two groups of sealing ring groups (904) are installed at intervals on the outer circumferential surface of the switching rod (902), and the sealing ring groups (904) are used to seal the gas pipeline, the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe. A plurality of first air inlet holes (903) are opened on the wall surface of the switching rod (902) between the two groups of sealing ring groups (904), and the first air inlet holes (903) are connected to the gas pipeline. A sliding groove (905) is also opened on the outer circumferential surface of the switching rod (902), and a plug (909) is installed in the sliding groove (905). An arc groove is opened on the wall surface of the plug (909), and a screw is installed in the arc groove. The screw is fixed on the inner wall surface of the sliding groove (905), and one end of the plug (909) is fixed to the gas switching valve (908); The insert (909) is driven to rotate by rotating the gas switching valve (908), so that the screw slides in the arc groove on the insert (909), thereby converting the rotational motion of the insert (909) into the linear motion of the switching rod (902) in the horizontal direction; When the gas switching valve (908) is in the initial state, the rebreather is in the pure oxygen closed mode. At this time, the first air inlet (903) connects the air supply pipe with the first connecting pipe, and the sealing ring group (904) seals the second connecting pipe, so that the gas in the pure oxygen cylinder (15) is released into the shell (901) through the pure oxygen medium pressure pipe (13), the first connecting pipe, the first air inlet (903), the air supply pipe and the air supply rod (913) in sequence, and finally enters the exhalation bag (7) through the hollow cylinder (914); When the gas switching valve (908) is rotated to put the rebreather in the mixed gas semi-closed mode, the first air inlet hole (903) connects the second connecting pipe with the internal space of the shell (901), and the sealing ring group (904) seals the gas delivery pipe and the first connecting pipe, so that the gas in the mixed gas cylinder (19) is released into the shell (901) through the mixed gas medium pressure pipe (14), the second connecting pipe and the first air inlet hole (903) in sequence, and finally enters the exhalation bag (7) through the hollow cylinder (914).

2. The rebreather of claim 1, wherein: The structure of the pressure release device is as follows: it comprises a first connecting member (917) and a fixing seat (922) respectively installed at two ends inside the air supply rod (913); a second connecting member (920) is installed between the first connecting member (917) and the fixing seat (922); and a side wall surface of the second connecting member (920) is fixed to one end of a retaining spring (912); A second air inlet hole (918) is provided in the middle of the first connecting member (917); a convex protrusion (919) is provided at the end of the first connecting member (917); a U-shaped portion (921) corresponding to the protrusion (919) is provided at one end of the second connecting member (920); the other end of the second connecting member (920) is mounted in cooperation with a fixing seat (922) via a spring (924); and a groove (923) for extending the travel of the second connecting member (920) is provided in the middle of the fixing seat (922); Initially, the top surface of the protruding portion (919) is in close contact with the bottom surface of the U-shaped portion (921), so that the U-shaped portion (921) seals the second air inlet hole (918); When the gas pressure in the second air inlet (918) reaches the release requirement or the retaining spring (912) drives the second connecting member (920) to move linearly, the second connecting member (920) moves linearly along the groove (923) away from the protrusion (919), so that the bottom surface of the U-shaped portion (921) leaves the protrusion (919), thereby releasing the gas in the second air inlet (918).

3. The rebreather of claim 1, wherein: The single check valve (910) is equipped with a connector (911) for connecting a pipeline.

4. The rebreather of claim 1, wherein: The structure of the carbon dioxide adsorbent tank (11) is as follows: it comprises a cylindrical adsorption cabin (1102), two ends of the interior of the adsorption cabin (1102) are symmetrically installed with porous pressure plates (1105), two ends of the exterior of the adsorption cabin (1102) are respectively installed with a drainage cabin (1101) and a condensation water cabin (1103), the interiors of the drainage cabin (1101) and the condensation water cabin (1103) are both cooperatively installed with a bowl-shaped partition (1106), the two partitions (1106) are symmetrically arranged, one partition (1106) separates the interior space of the drainage cabin (1101) from the interior space of the adsorption cabin (1102), and the other partition (1106) separates the interior space of the condensation water cabin (1103) from the interior space of the adsorption cabin (1102), a hole (1108) for gas to pass through is opened in the middle of a single partition (1106), and a reinforcing rib (1109) is arranged on the single partition (1106); A gas inlet connected to the exhalation air bag (7) is provided on the side wall of the drainage chamber (1101), a gas outlet connected to the inhalation air bag (8) is provided on the side wall of the condensation water chamber (1103), and the interior of the adsorption chamber (1102) is filled with a chemical reagent for adsorbing carbon dioxide; The gas in the exhalation air bag (7) enters the drainage chamber (1101) through the gas inlet, enters the adsorption chamber (1102) through the hole (1108) of a partition (1106), enters the condensation water chamber (1103) through the hole (1108) of another partition (1106), and then enters the inhalation air bag (8) from the gas outlet on the condensation water chamber (1103).

5. The rebreather of claim 4, wherein: An exhaust hole is also provided on the wall surface of the drainage compartment (1101), and an automatic drainage and exhaust valve (1104) is installed on the exhaust hole.

6. The rebreather of claim 4, wherein: The chemical reagent for adsorbing carbon dioxide in the adsorption chamber (1102) is calcium hydroxide.

7. The rebreather of claim 1, wherein: The exhalation hose (5) and the exhalation air bag (7), the exhalation air bag (7) and the air supply module (9), the exhalation air bag (7) and the carbon dioxide adsorbent tank (11), the carbon dioxide adsorbent tank (11) and the inhalation air bag (8), and the inhalation air bag (8) and the inhalation hose (6) are all mounted in coordination via quick-release buckles (10).

8. A breathing system using the rebreather as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The working modes of the breathing system include a pure oxygen closed mode and a mixed gas semi-closed mode; When the pure oxygen closed mode is used, the gas exhaled by the user continuously enters the exhalation air bag (7) through the exhalation one-way valve (3) and the exhalation hose (5), and the pure oxygen in the pure oxygen cylinder (15) is intermittently input into the exhalation air bag (7) through the gas supply module (9). At this time, the gas in the exhalation air bag (7) constitutes a first type of gas, which enters the carbon dioxide adsorbent tank (11) through the air inlet of the carbon dioxide adsorbent tank (11). The carbon dioxide adsorbent tank (11) removes the carbon dioxide component in the first type of gas, thereby generating a first type of filtered gas. The first type of filtered gas enters the inhalation air bag (8) through the air outlet of the carbon dioxide adsorbent tank (11), and the user inhales the first type of filtered gas in the inhalation air bag (8) through the inhalation hose (6) to perform a breathing cycle; When the mixed gas semi-closed mode is used, the gas exhaled by the user continuously enters the exhalation bag (7) through the exhalation one-way valve (3) and the exhalation hose (5), and at the same time, the mixed gas in the mixed gas cylinder (19) is continuously input into the exhalation bag (7) at a constant gas flow rate through the gas supply module (9). The gas in the exhalation bag (7) constitutes the second type of gas, which enters the carbon dioxide adsorbent tank (11) through the air inlet of the carbon dioxide adsorbent tank (11). The carbon dioxide adsorbent tank (11) removes the carbon dioxide component in the second type of gas, thereby generating the second type of filtered gas. The second type of filtered gas enters the inhalation bag (8) through the air outlet of the carbon dioxide adsorbent tank (11). The user inhales the second type of filtered gas in the inhalation bag (8) through the inhalation hose (6) to perform a breathing cycle; The carbon dioxide adsorbent tank (11) is provided with an automatic drain and exhaust valve. In the mixed gas semi-closed mode, when the gas in the breathing system is overloaded, the excess gas is discharged to the outside of the system through the automatic drain and exhaust valve.

9. A method for operating a rebreather as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Before using the respirator, it is necessary to pre-fill the carbon dioxide adsorbent tank (11) with granular carbon dioxide adsorbent, pre-fill the pure oxygen gas in the pure oxygen cylinder (15), and pre-fill the mixed gas in the mixed gas cylinder (19); S2. Before entering the water, it is necessary to empty all the gas inside the respirator, and then open the first gas cylinder valve (17) and the second gas cylinder valve (21); S3. The user performs gas exchange in the body, and then opens the mouthpiece switch valve (2), and the user breathes through the mouthpiece (1); S4. The default working mode of the respirator is the pure oxygen closed mode. The pipeline connected to the pure oxygen gas in the gas supply module (9) is connected, and the pipeline connected to the mixed gas is blocked. The pure oxygen gas in the pure oxygen cylinder (15) is decompressed by the pure oxygen primary pressure reducer (16) and then flows into the gas supply module (9) through the pure oxygen medium-pressure pipe (13). The respirator provides breathing gas for the user in the pure oxygen closed mode. S5. When the working mode needs to be switched, the working mode of the respirator is switched to the mixed gas semi-closed mode through the air supply module (9); S6. In the mixed gas semi-closed mode, the pipeline connected to the pure oxygen gas in the gas supply module (9) is blocked, and the pipeline connected to the mixed gas is connected. The mixed gas in the mixed gas cylinder (19) is depressurized by the mixed gas first-stage pressure reducer (20) and then flows into the gas supply module (9) through the mixed gas medium-pressure pipe (14). The respirator provides breathing gas to the user in the mixed gas semi-closed mode.

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