A protective device for the lower beam channel of an electron beam welding machine

Abstract

This invention discloses a lower beam channel protection device for an electron beam welding machine, comprising a base, a copper tube, arc-shaped pins, and a protective cover. A flange is fixed to the top of the final stepped channel of the lower beam channel, with the center of the flange's central hole coinciding with the center of the final stepped channel. The base has a cylindrical main structure, with the upper end of the cylinder extending horizontally outward to form an extension section. The base has a T-shaped longitudinal section, and the extension section is fixed to the lower surface of the flange. Both the base and the flange are made of copper. The copper tube is fixedly engaged in the base. The upper end of the protective cover has a first through hole with an inner diameter equal to the outer diameter of the copper tube. The upper end of the protective cover is fitted onto the copper tube through the first through hole. Several second through holes are provided on the copper tube, with the upper end of each second through hole coinciding with the lower surface of the inner side of the upper end of the protective cover. The number of arc-shaped pins is the same as the number of second through holes, and each arc-shaped pin is fixedly inserted into the corresponding second through hole. The outer edge of the lower end of the protective cover is in contact with the top surface of the vacuum chamber wall.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electron beam welding machine protection, specifically to a lower beam channel protection device for an electron beam welding machine. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, electron beam welding technology has been widely used, leading to the widespread adoption of electron beam welding machines. However, the lower beam channel of these machines lacks necessary protective measures, resulting in the following increasingly prominent problems: First, metal vapors and spatter generated during welding can easily penetrate the electron gun through the lower beam channel, causing high-voltage discharge. When this occurs during welding, it can interrupt the electron beam current, resulting in deep pit defects in the weld. Second, the electron gun isolation valve and optical observation system in the lower beam channel are significantly affected by long-term fumigation contamination: the isolation valve's service life is reduced due to sealing surface contamination, and the optical observation system requires more frequent maintenance due to fumigation contamination. Third, the deposits adhering to the lower beam channel and its exit perimeter are non-conductive compounds. If not cleaned promptly, secondary electrons reflected during welding accumulate in the deposits and cannot be properly conducted away, forming an interfering electric field. This can cause abnormal phenomena such as electron beam current deviation and fluctuations during welding, leading to welding quality accidents.

[0003] The contamination of the lower beam channel in electron beam welding machines is worsening. The channel is long and narrow, positioned high up, and contaminants adhere strongly to its surface, making cleaning and maintenance extremely difficult. This leads to increased maintenance needs and longer maintenance times (approximately half a day of downtime). However, the operating time required for electron beam welding machines is gradually increasing, and the long downtime disrupts normal operations. Furthermore, the high labor intensity of cleaning the lower beam channel and the significant health risks to maintenance personnel are long-standing problems plaguing electron beam welding machine operators.

[0004] Currently, there are reports on the protection of fan housings in the field of electron beam welding, specifically in Chinese invention patent application number 202011052893.6, entitled "An Electron Beam Welding Protective Device." This protective device includes an inner ring clamp and a pressure cap, which improves welding efficiency by protecting the fan housing and reducing contamination and damage to the fan housing from spatter and steam during the welding process. However, this protective device only protects the fan housing; the lack of necessary protective measures for the lower beam channel of the electron beam welder, resulting in the aforementioned adverse effects, remains unresolved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a lower beam channel protection device for an electron beam welding machine, which is used to shield contaminants and electromagnetic interference at the exit of the lower beam channel. It can block welding spatter, reduce welding fumigation, shield illegal electromagnetic field interference, and facilitate disassembly and cleaning.

[0006] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0007] A lower beam channel protection device for an electron beam welding machine includes a base, a copper tube, an arc-shaped pin, and a protective cover;

[0008] A flange is fixed at the top of the final stepped channel of the lower beam channel. The center of the flange center hole coincides with the center of the final stepped channel of the lower beam channel. The main structure of the base is cylindrical. The upper end of the cylinder extends horizontally outward to form an extension section. The longitudinal section of the base is T-shaped. The extension section of the base is fixed to the lower surface of the flange. The centers of the base and the flange coincide. Both the base and the flange are made of copper.

[0009] The copper tube is fixedly engaged in the base. The center of the upper end of the protective cover is provided with a first through hole with an inner diameter the same as the outer diameter of the copper tube. The upper end of the protective cover is sleeved on the copper tube through the first through hole. The copper tube is provided with several second through holes. The upper end of each second through hole coincides with the lower surface of the inner side of the upper end of the protective cover. The number of arc-shaped pins is the same as the number of second through holes. Each arc-shaped pin is fixedly inserted into the corresponding second through hole. The outer edge of the lower end of the protective cover is in contact with the top surface of the vacuum chamber wall.

[0010] Preferably, the flange has several third through holes evenly distributed near the edge, each third through hole is fitted with a screw, and the end of each screw is fastened to the top of the final stepped channel of the lower beam channel.

[0011] Preferably, the base extension section has a plurality of fourth through holes evenly distributed near the edge, each fourth through hole is fitted with a screw, and the end of each screw is fastened to the corresponding position of the flange.

[0012] Preferably, the copper tube has 3 to 5 second through holes with the same inner diameter evenly distributed along the circumference, and all the arc-shaped pins have the same shape, with the bend of each arc-shaped pin inserted into the corresponding second through hole.

[0013] Furthermore, the arc-shaped pin includes an arc segment and a first extension segment and a second extension segment that are smoothly connected to both ends of the arc segment, and the first extension segment and the second extension segment are tangent to the corresponding arc segment.

[0014] Furthermore, the arc of the arc segment is 50 to 70 degrees, the inner radius of the arc segment is 8 to 12 mm, the outer radius is 13 to 17 mm, and the included angle formed by the center extension lines of the first extension segment and the second extension segment is 80 to 100 degrees.

[0015] Furthermore, the first extension segment is shorter than the second extension segment. The first extension segment includes a main body segment, a frustum segment, and a semicircular arc segment that are smoothly connected in sequence. The radius of the lower base of the frustum segment is the same as the radius of the main body segment, and the radius of the semicircular arc segment is the same as the radius of the upper base of the frustum segment. The cross-sections of the arc segment, the second extension segment, and the main body segment of the first extension segment are all circular with the same radius. The diameter of the arc segment is equal to the inner diameter of the second through hole. The difference between the radius of the arc segment and the radius of the semicircular arc segment is 0.8 to 1.2 mm. The included angle formed by the two legs of the isosceles trapezoid containing the longitudinal section of the frustum segment is 15 to 25 degrees.

[0016] Preferably, a pair of identical positioning pins are fixed at the center of the base along the height of the cylinder. The positioning pins are cylindrical and symmetrically distributed along the diameter of the cylinder. The outer diameter of the copper tube is equal to the inner diameter of the cylinder. A pair of slots communicating with the outside are provided at the upper end of the copper tube. The slots are symmetrically distributed along the diameter direction. The main body of the slot is long and narrow. The bottom of the main body extends along the circumference of the copper tube to form a horizontal section. The end of the horizontal section is folded back upward to form a folded section. The upper end of the folded section is semi-circular. The folded section is set lower than the main body. The width of both the main body and the folded section is equal to the diameter of the positioning pins. The height of the horizontal section is equal to the diameter of the positioning pins.

[0017] Furthermore, the length of the positioning pin is 1 / 12 to 1 / 10 of the diameter of the cylinder, and the center of the main body section in the width direction and the center of the folded section in the width direction form an angle of 15 to 25 degrees. The folded section is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the height of the main body section.

[0018] Preferably, the protective cover is made of stainless steel.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0020] This invention discloses a protective device for the lower beam channel of an electron beam welding machine. A flange and base are added at the outlet of the lower beam channel. The upper end of the protective cover is fitted onto a copper tube through a first through-hole, and an arc-shaped pin can be fixedly inserted into a corresponding second through-hole. This ensures that the outer edge of the lower end of the protective cover is in contact with the top surface of the vacuum chamber wall. The copper tube and protective cover effectively prevent the intrusion of welding metal vapor and spatter, avoiding direct large-area fumigation of the lower beam channel, which could contaminate devices such as the electron gun isolation valve and optical observation system installed inside the channel, shortening their service life. It also effectively reduces the risk of high-voltage discharge caused by foreign objects entering the electron gun. The copper tube, as well as the copper base and flange, effectively shield the electromagnetic field present outside the channel, ensuring that the electron beam trajectory is not interfered with. The protective device of this invention has a simple structure; the copper tube is fixedly engaged in the base, making assembly and disassembly convenient. It provides protection for the electron beam welding machine itself. Because the electron beam welding machine itself is very tall, the original high-altitude operation can be disassembled and transformed into a ground operation, which makes it convenient to use various grinding tools for cleaning. This reduces the maintenance time of the lower beam channel to within 1 hour, thereby effectively reducing the maintenance time and labor intensity of the lower beam channel, and reducing the harm of dust to workers. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the lower beam channel protection device described in this invention.

[0022] Figure 2a for Figure 1 Top view of the middle flange.

[0023] Figure 2b for Figure 2a Sectional view along the AA direction.

[0024] Figure 3a for Figure 1 Top view of the central base.

[0025] Figure 3b for Figure 3a Sectional view along the AA direction.

[0026] Figure 4a for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the copper tube.

[0027] Figure 4b for Figure 4a Top view.

[0028] Figure 5a for Figure 1 A top view of the protective shield.

[0029] Figure 5b for Figure 5a Sectional view along the AA direction.

[0030] Figure 6 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the arc-shaped pin.

[0031] In the diagram: 1-lower beam channel; 2-screw; 3-flange; 4-base; 5-copper tube; 6-arc pin; 7-protective cover; 8-vacuum chamber wall; 9-slot. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. These descriptions are for explanation purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0033] This invention provides a lower beam channel protection device for an electron beam welding machine, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it mainly includes a base 4, a copper pipe 5, an arc-shaped pin 6, and a protective cover 7 located on the end face. The structure of flange 3 is as follows: Figure 2a and Figure 2b As shown, it is fixed at the top of the final stepped channel of the lower beam channel 1, and its center coincides with the center of the final stepped channel of the lower beam channel 1. The diameter of this central hole is sufficient to allow the electron beam to flow out normally from the final stepped channel of the lower beam channel 1. Four through holes are evenly distributed near the edge of the flange 3, and a screw 2 is installed in each through hole. The end of each screw 2 is fastened to the top of the final stepped channel of the lower beam channel 1.

[0034] like Figure 3a and Figure 3b As shown, the main body of base 4 is cylindrical, with the upper end of the cylinder extending horizontally outward to form an extension section. Four through holes are evenly distributed near the edge of the extension section, thus giving base 4 a T-shaped longitudinal section. The extension section of base 4 can be fixed to the top of the final stepped channel of the lower beam channel 1 using flange 3. Each through hole contains a screw, the end of which is tightened into the corresponding position on flange 3. At this time, the extension section of base 4 is fixed to the lower surface of flange 3, and the centers of base 4 and flange 3 coincide. It should be noted that, for clarity of structure... Figure 3a To form a control group, in Figure 3b The through hole at the contact point between base 4 and flange 3 is not shown in the drawing.

[0035] The copper tube 5 is fixed to the base 4 by a snap-fit ​​mechanism. Specifically, a pair of identical cylindrical locating pins are welded to the center of the cylindrical portion of the base 4. These locating pins are symmetrically distributed along the diameter of the cylinder. To ensure a tight fit with the inner wall of the base 4, the outer diameter of the copper tube 5 is designed to match the inner diameter of the cylinder. Figure 4a and Figure 4bAs shown, a pair of slots 9 communicating with the outside are provided at the upper end of the copper tube 5. The slots 9 are symmetrically distributed along the diameter direction, and the main body is long and narrow. The bottom of the long strip extends along the circumference to form a horizontal section. The end of the horizontal section is folded back upward to form a folded section with a semi-circular upper end. The folded section is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the height of the main body section. The width of both the main body section and the folded section is equal to the diameter of the positioning pin, and the height of the horizontal section is also equal to the diameter of the positioning pin, which facilitates the tight movement of the positioning pin in the slots 9. Generally, the length of the positioning pin is 1 / 12 to 1 / 10 of the diameter of the cylinder, and the center of the width direction of the main body section and the center of the width direction of the folded section form an angle of 15 to 25 degrees in the slots 9.

[0036] like Figure 5a and Figure 5b As shown, the longitudinal section of the protective cover 7 is an isosceles trapezoid with a through hole at its upper center. The inner diameter of the through hole is the same as the outer diameter of the copper tube 5. Therefore, the upper end of the protective cover 7 can be fitted onto the copper tube 5 through this through hole. Near the bottom of the copper tube 5, there are four through holes of the same inner diameter evenly distributed along the circumference. The upper end of each through hole must coincide with the lower inner surface of the upper end of the protective cover 7. There are four arc-shaped pins 6 of the same shape. Each arc-shaped pin 6 can be locked in the through hole by the bend formed by its natural curvature, making it difficult to fall off. This ensures that the protective cover 7 is reliably fixed on the copper tube 5 and that the outer edge of the lower end of the protective cover 7 is in contact with the top surface of the vacuum chamber wall 8. The copper tube 5 not only provides protection for the interior of the lower beam channel 1, but also shields against electromagnetic interference, as the base 4 and flange 3 are made of copper. The protective cover 7 is used to block welding spatter from the end face and is made of stainless steel for easy grinding and cleaning. The protective cover 7 is shaped like a trumpet, and its abrupt change in diameter with the upper copper tube 5 creates an air resistance, which effectively prevents welding steam from entering the lower beam channel 1. At the same time, the smaller diameter of the copper tube 5 compared to the original lower beam channel reduces the opening of the lower beam channel, which also helps to reduce welding spatter and steam entry.

[0037] like Figure 6As shown, the arc-shaped pin 6 specifically includes an arc segment and a first extension segment and a second extension segment smoothly connected to both ends of the arc segment. The first extension segment is shorter than the second extension segment, and each extension segment is tangent to the corresponding arc segment. The arc segment has an arc radius of 50–70 degrees, an inner ring radius R4 of 8–12 mm, an outer ring radius R3 of 13–17 mm, and an included angle α formed by the center extension lines of the two extension segments of 80–100 degrees. The first extension segment includes a main body segment, a frustum segment, and a semicircular arc segment that are smoothly connected in sequence. The radius of the lower base of the frustum segment is the same as the radius of the main body segment, and the radius of the semicircular arc segment is the same as the radius of the upper base of the frustum segment. The cross-sections of the main body segments of the arc segment, the second extension segment, and the first extension segment are all circular with the same radius. The radius R2 is equal to the radius of the through hole of the copper tube 5. The difference between the radius of the arc segment and the radius R1 of the semicircular arc segment is 0.8–1.2 mm. The included angle β formed by the two legs of the isosceles trapezoid containing the longitudinal section of the frustum segment is 15–25 degrees.

[0038] Based on the above description of the structure and principle of the lower beam channel protection device for an electron beam welding machine according to the present invention, the following points should be noted during assembly:

[0039] Align each slot 9 with the corresponding locating pin inside the base 4, then insert the copper tube 5 into the base 4 until it cannot be pushed further. The locating pin will move to the bottom of the main body of the slot 9. Then rotate the copper tube 5 clockwise so that the locating pin moves to the end of the horizontal section of the slot 9. Then pull the copper tube 5 downwards so that the locating pin moves to the top of the folded section of the slot 9. The copper tube 5 is now in place. When cleaning the copper tube 5, push the copper tube 5 upwards so that the locating pin moves to the bottom of the folded section of the slot 9. Then rotate the copper tube 5 counterclockwise so that the locating pin moves to the bottom of the main body of the slot 9. Pull the copper tube 5 downwards so that the slot 9 is disengaged from the locating pin. The copper tube 5 can then be removed.

[0040] After the copper tube 5 is installed in place, align the center hole of the protective cover 7 with the copper tube 5 and push it upwards, so that the copper tube 5 extends out of the center hole of the protective cover 7 until the outer edge of the protective cover 7 contacts the top surface of the vacuum chamber wall 8. Then, locate the through hole on the copper tube 5 and insert the arc-shaped pin 6 to fix the protective cover 7 onto the copper tube 5, making them a single unit. When it is necessary to clean the protective cover 7, the arc-shaped pin 6 can be pulled out, and the protective cover 7 can be removed for cleaning.

[0041] Example

[0042] The following is a detailed description of the dimensions of one of the most commonly used protective devices.

[0043] In each slot 9, a 20-degree angle is formed between the center of the main body section in the width direction and the center of the folded section in the width direction. The folded section is 1 / 3 of the height of the main body section, and the length of the positioning pin is 1 / 11 of the diameter of the cylinder.

[0044] In arc pin 6, the arc of the circular segment is 60 degrees, the inner ring radius is 10 mm, the outer ring radius is 15 mm, and the included angle α formed by the center extension lines of the two extended segments is 90 degrees. The radius of the circular segment is 2.5 mm, the difference between the radius of the circular segment and the radius of the semicircular segment is 1 mm, and the included angle β formed by the two legs of the isosceles trapezoid containing the longitudinal section of the frustum segment is 20 degrees.

Claims

1. A lower beam path protection device for an electron beam welder, characterized in that, It comprises a base (4), a copper pipe (5), an arc pin (6) and a protective cover (7); The flange (3) is fixed on the top of the end section ladder channel of the lower beam channel (1), the center of the center hole of the flange (3) coincides with the center of the end section ladder channel of the lower beam channel (1), the main structure of the base (4) is cylindrical, the upper end of the cylinder extends horizontally outward to form an extension section, the longitudinal section of the base (4) is T-shaped, the extension section of the base (4) is fixed on the lower surface of the flange (3), the centers of the base (4) and the flange (3) coincide, and the materials of the base (4) and the flange (3) are both copper; The copper pipe (5) is fixedly clamped in the base (4), the center of the upper end of the protective cover (7) is provided with a first through hole with the same inner diameter as the outer diameter of the copper pipe (5), the upper end of the protective cover (7) is sleeved on the copper pipe (5) through the first through hole, a plurality of second through holes are formed in the copper pipe (5), the upper end of each second through hole coincides with the lower surface of the inner side of the upper end of the protective cover (7), the number of the arc pins (6) is the same as that of the second through holes, each arc pin (6) is fixedly inserted into the corresponding second through hole, the protective cover (7) is trumpet-shaped, and the outer edge of the lower end of the protective cover (7) is in contact with the top surface of the vacuum chamber wall (8); A plurality of third through holes are uniformly formed in the flange (3) near the edge, and a screw (2) is installed in each third through hole, and the end of each screw (2) is tightly fixed on the top of the end section ladder channel of the lower beam channel (1); The copper pipe (5) is uniformly distributed with 3-5 second through holes with the same inner diameter in the circumferential direction, all the arc pins (6) are the same in shape, each arc pin (6) is inserted into the corresponding second through hole at the bending part, the arc pin (6) comprises a circular arc section and first and second extension sections which are smoothly connected with both ends of the circular arc section, the first and second extension sections are respectively tangent to the corresponding circular arc section, the first extension section is shorter than the second extension section, the first extension section comprises a main body section, a circular truncated cone section and a semicircular arc section which are smoothly connected in sequence, the lower bottom surface of the circular truncated cone section has the same radius as that of the main body section, the radius of the semicircular arc section is the same as that of the upper bottom surface of the circular truncated cone section, the cross sections of the circular arc section, the second extension section and the main body section of the first extension section are all circular and have the same radius, the diameter of the circular arc section is equal to the inner diameter of the second through hole, the difference between the radius of the circular arc section and the radius of the semicircular arc section is 0.8-1.2 mm, the included angle between the two legs of the isosceles trapezoid formed by the longitudinal section of the circular truncated cone section is 15-25 degrees, a pair of positioning pins which are the same in shape are fixed at the center position of the height of the cylinder of the base (4), the positioning pins are cylindrical and are symmetrically distributed along the diameter of the cylinder, the outer diameter of the copper pipe (5) is equal to the inner diameter of the cylinder, a pair of clamping grooves (9) which are in communication with the outside are formed on the upper end of the copper pipe (5), the clamping grooves (9) are symmetrically distributed along the diameter direction, the main body section of the clamping groove (9) is strip-shaped, the bottom of the main body section extends along the circumferential direction of the copper pipe (5) to form a horizontal section, the end of the horizontal section is upwardly bent to form a bent section, the upper end of the bent section is semicircular, the bent section is lower than the main body section, the width dimensions of the main body section and the bent section are both equal to the diameter of the positioning pin, and the height dimension of the horizontal section is equal to the diameter of the positioning pin.

2. The lower beam tunnel shield for an electron beam welder of claim 1, wherein, The fourth through holes are uniformly arranged at the edge of the extension section of the base (4), and a screw is arranged in each fourth through hole.

3. The lower beam tunnel shield for an electron beam welder of claim 1, wherein, The radian of the circular arc section is 50-70 degrees, the inner ring radius of the circular arc section is 8-12 mm, the outer ring radius is 13-17 mm, and the included angle formed by the center extension lines of the first and second extension sections is 80-100 degrees.

4. The lower beam tunnel shield for an electron beam welder of claim 1, wherein, The length of the positioning pin is 1 / 12-1 / 10 of the diameter of the cylinder, the included angle between the width direction center of the main body section and the width direction center of the backfolding section in the clamping groove (9) is 15-25 degrees, and the backfolding section is 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the height of the main body section.

5. The lower beam tunnel shield for an electron beam welder of claim 1 wherein, The material of the protective cover (7) is stainless steel.

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