Cultivation method of chuanfoshou bonsai

Abstract

The application discloses a cultivation method of Sichuan bergamot bonsai, and belongs to the field of plant cultivation. The method comprises the following steps: selecting a Sichuan bergamot plant with a growth time of more than 3 years, being healthy and free of pests and diseases as a mother tree, taking a brown branch with a growth time of more than 1 year as a cutting, and cutting to obtain cutting seedlings; mixing ordinary soil, vermiculite and grass carbon to obtain special soil; pruning the lignified main root and fibrous root of the cutting seedlings, soaking the root part in a rooting agent, and pruning the main stem and branches of the seedlings; after the seedlings are planted in the special soil, compacting the special soil, watering, and keeping warm; applying a mixed solution of paclobutrazol and chlormequat, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, a humic acid solution fertilizer and a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium solution to the planted seedlings in sequence; pruning according to the fertilization time, and applying fertilizer after pruning. The application solves the problems of the existing Sichuan bergamot, such as high plant height, poor ornamental effect and poor appearance of fruits, can significantly dwarf and control the characteristics of the Sichuan bergamot plant and the oversized fruit type, and effectively improves the fruit setting rate and quality of the Sichuan bergamot bonsai.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to a bonsai cultivation method, in particular to a cultivation method of Sichuan bergamot bonsai. BACKGROUND

[0002] Bergamot is the fruit of a plant in the Rutaceae family, Citrus medica L.var.sarcodactylis Swingle, has the effects of soothing liver and regulating qi, soothing stomach and relieving pain, eliminating dampness and reducing phlegm, and improving anti-stress capacity, and is a traditional precious Chinese medicine. Bergamot can be used as medicine, and fresh or dried fruits can be eaten, fragrant, fruit and played. It can also be used to make wine, tea, cooling fruit, bergamot cream and essential oil aromatherapy and other deep processing products. Bergamot is divided into Sichuan bergamot, Guangdong bergamot and Jinbergamot according to the distribution of regions and production areas in China. Among them, Sichuan bergamot is characterized by large fruit, tall plant and high content of active ingredients.

[0003] At present, Sichuan bergamot is mainly cultivated in the open air, and the management is extensive. Only less than 5% of the plants can reach the condition of ornamental commodity fruit. At the same time, as an ornamental bonsai, the traditional planting method of Sichuan bergamot cannot meet the technical requirements. The plant is more than 2 meters high, the fruit is not good, the ornamental property is not strong, and the economic benefit is poor. The main restricting factors are the damage and frost damage caused by the large plant, open-air diseases and pests, rain and low temperature. At present, the economic value of ornamental commodity fruit on the market is 5-10 times that of ordinary fruit. However, Sichuan bergamot has the problems of large plant, poor ornamental, and poor appearance of fruit, and there is no cultivation method of Sichuan bergamot bonsai for ornamental use. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a cultivation method of Sichuan bergamot bonsai, which solves the problems of large plant, poor ornamental and poor appearance of fruit of the existing Sichuan bergamot.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application provides a cultivation method of Sichuan bergamot bonsai, which comprises:

[0006] (1) selecting a Sichuan bergamot plant with a growth time of more than or equal to 3 years, being healthy and free of diseases and pests as a mother tree; taking a brown branch with a growth time of more than or equal to 1 year as a cutting, and cutting and breeding to obtain cutting seedlings;

[0007] (2) mixing ordinary soil, vermiculite and grass carbon to obtain special soil;

[0008] (3) pruning the lignified main root and fibrous root of the cutting seedling, soaking the root part with rooting agent, pruning the main stem and branches of the seedling to obtain treated seedlings;

[0009] (4) planting the treated seedlings in the special soil, compacting the special soil, watering and keeping warm to obtain planted seedlings;

[0010] (5) The seedlings are fertilized with a mixed solution of paclobutrazol and mepiquat chloride, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, humic acid solution, and nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium solution in turn;

[0011] (6) Pruning is performed according to the fertilization time, and fertilization is performed after pruning.

[0012] Preferably, in step (1), the length of the cutting is 15 cm, and the diameter is 1 cm or more.

[0013] Preferably, in step (2), the mass ratio of the common soil, vermiculite, and peat is 3:0.5:1.

[0014] Preferably, in step (3), the concentration of the rooting agent ABT is 1000 mg / L, and the soaking time is 30 min.

[0015] Preferably, in step (4), the planting depth is 20 cm.

[0016] Preferably, in step (5), the mass ratio of paclobutrazol to mepiquat chloride in the mixed solution of paclobutrazol and mepiquat chloride is 1:1, the mixed solution of paclobutrazol and mepiquat chloride is sprayed on the leaves at a concentration of 600 times the liquid; the potassium dihydrogen phosphate is sprayed on the leaves at a concentration of 800 times the liquid; the humic acid solution is root irrigated at a concentration of 1000 times the liquid; the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium solution is root irrigated at a concentration of 1500 times the liquid, and the mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium solution is 15:15:15.

[0017] Preferably, in step (5), the mixed solution of paclobutrazol and mepiquat chloride and the potassium dihydrogen phosphate are applied in turn in the first year, the mixed solution of paclobutrazol and mepiquat chloride is applied once every half month for a total of 12 times, and the potassium dihydrogen phosphate is applied once every half month for a total of 8 times; the humic acid solution and the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium solution are applied in the second year, and the humic acid solution and the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium solution are applied once a month for a total of 8 times.

[0018] Preferably, in step (6), the pruning principle is that the spring and autumn shoots extracted in the current year are timely retracted, the length of the main branch is not more than 15 cm, and the length of the secondary main branch is not more than 10 cm.

[0019] More preferably, in step (6), the number of roots of the main branch is 1, and the number of roots of the secondary main branch is 3-4.

[0020] More preferably, in step (6), it further includes primary branches and secondary branches, the number of roots of the primary branches is not more than 8, and the number of roots of the secondary branches is not more than 16.

[0021] The cultivation method of the Sichuan bergamot bonsai has the following advantages:

[0022] The application can significantly dwarf and regulate the characteristics of overlarge fruit type of Sarcococca humilis plants and effectively improve the fruiting rate and quality of Sarcococca humilis bonsai by reasonably planning the use amount and application time of paclobutrazol and chlormequatch mixed solution and fertilizer, pruning and controlling the length of main branches and sub-main branches. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the application will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the application, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the application.

[0024] Embodiment 1

[0025] A Sarcococca humilis bonsai cultivation method, which comprises the following steps:

[0026] (1) Selection of seedlings: select Sarcococca humilis plants with more than 3 years of age, healthy growth, no diseases and insect pests, high and stable yield as mother trees; take brown branch with more than 15 cm in length and 1 cm in diameter after maturation of ≥1-year-old tree top as cuttings, and propagate by cuttage to obtain cuttage seedlings.

[0027] (2) Preparation of special soil for bonsai cultivation: mix ordinary soil, vermiculite and grass carbon at a mass ratio of 3:0.5:1 to obtain special soil for cultivation;

[0028] (3) Treatment before planting seedlings: before planting, prune the woody main roots and fibrous roots of the cuttage seedlings, immerse the roots in 1000 mg / L ABT rooting agent for 30 min, prune the main stem and branches of the seedlings, and the main stem cannot be higher than 30 cm, and the branches can be subjected to 1 stem 3 branches or 1 stem 4 branches method for skeleton cultivation. -1

[0029] (4) Planting of bonsai: plant the treated Sarcococca humilis bonsai seedlings in the prepared pots with a planting depth of 20 cm, compact the special soil for cultivation by hand, and place in a greenhouse after pouring enough rooting water.

[0030] (5) Water and fertilizer management: after planting, inject a small amount of multiple effection paclobutrazol and chlormequatch mixed solution (the mass ratio of paclobutrazol and chlormequatch in the multiple effection paclobutrazol and chlormequatch mixed solution is 1:1) for 12 times in total, the use amount of the multiple effection paclobutrazol and chlormequatch mixed solution is 600 times of liquid for spraying the leaf surface, once every half a month; 180 days later, spray 800 times of dihydrogen potassium phosphate solution, once every half a month, for 8 times in total; in the coming year, use 1000 times of humic acid solution fertilizer and 1500 times of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium solution liquid fertilizer to irrigate the roots, once a month, for 8 times in total.

[0031] ​(6) Pot landscape management: pruning according to the fertilization time, and fertilizing after pruning. The pruning principle is: the spring and autumn shoots extracted in the same year are shrunk in time, the length of main branch is not more than 15 cm, and the length of vice main branch is not more than 10 cm. There is 1 main branch, 3-4 vice main branches, not more than 8 first-level branches, and not more than 16 second-level branches. The fruiting branches of Sichuan bergamot pot landscape are not more than 16, each fruiting branch is thinned in time, and each fruiting branch hangs not more than 2 fruits.

[0032] Comparative example 1

[0033] A traditional Sichuan bergamot planting method, which comprises:

[0034] (1) Site selection and land preparation

[0035] Bergamot likes warm climate, so it should be planted in a place with warm climate, abundant rainfall and sufficient sunlight, and no freezing in winter. The soil is selected to be acid medium soil or sandy soil with rich humus. After site selection, the stones and other sundries in the land are removed, 3000-5000 kg of organic fertilizer or well-rotted manure is applied per mu as base fertilizer, and the land is ploughed to 40-60 cm deep and leveled.

[0036] (2) Transplanting and planting

[0037] Sichuan bergamot 2-3 year-old cutting seedlings are selected, which are required to be more than 50 cm high, healthy and free of diseases and pests. The base leaves, branches and tender parts of the main stem are cut off before cutting (inaccurate variety selection or unhealthy seedlings can seriously affect the establishment of the garden and the subsequent production and sales).

[0038] The planting is generally in spring from February to April and autumn from September to October. According to the plant spacing of 3 m x 3 m, 75 plants per mu, when the land is large, it can be divided into 30-50 mu per area. When planting, the soil moisture should be kept appropriate (not less than 50%), and the soil permeability should be increased. Each plant is applied with 2.5 kg of organic fertilizer, 0.5 kg of compound fertilizer and 100 g of calcium-magnesium-phosphorus fertilizer, and then mixed with 10 times of soil and surface soil, and a small amount of soil is added, and then stirred evenly, and then put in the pit to prevent root burning and rotting. The cutting seedlings are planted in the center of the pit, one plant per hole, and the soil is tamped, and the soil is covered slightly higher than the ground, and then slowly watered, and dry weather can be covered with dry grass to keep the soil moist; sunny day, pour enough water to keep the soil moist; if the soil is wet, no water is needed.

[0039] (3) Water and fertilizer management

[0040] Water: the water of bergamot should be appropriate, the first water after planting should be poured thoroughly, and then continuously watered for three days. The soil should be alternately wet and dry, and the roots should not be soaked. Small seedlings, weak seedlings, low temperature, flowering and young fruiting require less water; early morning and evening watering in summer high temperature and sun exposure, especially to avoid midday watering; morning watering in spring and autumn, following the principle of not watering if the soil is dry, and pouring thoroughly if watering. The soil should be loosened before watering.

[0041] Fertilization: Scientific and reasonable fertilization is the key to stable production of bergamot, which is as follows:

[0042] ① For 1-3 year old young orchards, attack top fertilizer is mainly used, and 10 days before spring, summer and autumn, use 1 time of quick-acting fertilizer, each time 0.2 kg of urea, 0.5 kg of superphosphate and 2 kg of rotten manure (or 1 kg of commercial organic fertilizer) per plant, and ring ditch is applied outside the drip line.

[0043] ② For more than 3 years of fruiting orchard, according to the expected yield of 2500-3000 kg of fresh fruit per mu, fertilize 4 times a year, mainly organic fertilizer and supplemented by chemical fertilizer: the first time is pre-blossom fertilizer, which is applied in 2-3 months when the buds appear, 4 kg of organic fertilizer, 1.2 kg of compound fertilizer (N-P2O5-K2O, the mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements is 15:15:15, the same below) and 0.4 kg of urea per plant, and strip ditch is applied outside the drip line. After fertilization, pay attention to water management: the second time is fruit setting fertilizer, which is applied in April during the full bloom period, 0.4 kg of compound fertilizer, 0.2 kg of urea, and 0.2% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate are sprayed to improve the fruit setting rate.

[0044] ③ Fertilizer for strengthening fruit, which is applied in the middle and late June, when the bergamot grows rapidly, the summer shoots are developed, and the fruit is enlarged, 1.6 kg of compound fertilizer (or high potassium compound fertilizer, the mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements is 15:8:26) per plant, and 2-3 times of 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate foliar fertilizer are applied to improve the single fruit weight.

[0045] ④ Color changing fertilizer is also base fertilizer, which is applied in September-October, when the fruit gradually matures and turns color, and the autumn shoots are developed as the mother branches for next year's fruiting, 6 kg of organic fertilizer, 0.8 kg of compound fertilizer and 0.4 kg of urea per plant are applied in strip ditch, and attention should be paid to soil moisture not to be too much to avoid affecting the fruit color change.

[0046] (4) Pruning

[0047] Bergamot grows fast and branches much, and needs to be pruned every year. Young trees need to be pruned in time to remove excess new shoots in all seasons; new shoots are pruned in time to cultivate good crown shape; long branches are cut or thinned, and other redundant branches are pruned. Fruit-bearing trees are pruned twice a year to improve the conditions of tree crown ventilation and light transmission, and promote growth and fruiting. Generally, once in March when the buds are slightly sprouting, and once in late July to August when the buds are slightly sprouting in autumn. Pruning is based on the growth of the tree, weak growth is heavy pruning, strong growth is light pruning, light pruning in spring, heavy pruning in summer, and long branches are cut or pruned, and 100 healthy, green, short and small fruiting branches are left in autumn. Summer shoots should be cut or pruned, and autumn shoots for next year's fruiting are preserved, and winter shoots are removed.

[0048] (5) Flower and fruit management

[0049] Bergamot is a monoecious plant, bearing purple-red bisexual flowers (fruiting) or unisexual flowers (male flowers, not fruiting). It flowers throughout the year, so it needs to be thinned. Thinning flowers should be done in spring, summer and early autumn, when the flowers have not yet opened. Leave 2-3 large and strong flower buds in the middle of each branch, remove the others, and thin the flowers at the bottom of the tree canopy. Keep the large flower buds at the top of the fruiting branches, and do not leave the flowers in late autumn and after that. Thinning fruit should be done in stages, leaving 1-2 fruits per branch. More fruits should be left at the top of the tree canopy and fewer at the bottom. To ensure flowering and fruiting, the nutrient supply should be adjusted to control excessive growth and elongation. Water control should be paid attention to. Pruning techniques can be used to improve light conditions. A mixture of paclobutrazol and chlormequatchloride (1200-1500 times liquid) should be sprayed on the leaves during flowering to regulate the number of flower buds.

[0050] (6) Disease and pest control

[0051] Anthracnose: It is divided into chronic and acute diseases. The chronic disease appears as small yellow spots on the leaves of the plant, mostly on the edges or tips of the leaves, with dark brown edges and gray-brown centers, slightly sunken, and later turning gray-brown. The acute disease occurs mostly during continuous rainy periods, with leaf tips appearing as light blue or blue-brown spots. Both chronic and acute disease spots secrete orange sticky liquid. Fruit infection appears as yellow-brown, and when dry, it appears as a dry scab, while when wet, it rots from the outside to the inside. Anthracnose is caused by the pathogen of the genus Colletotrichum in the subdivision of Ascomycotina. The pathogen prefers high temperature and humid environments, and mostly occurs during the late spring growth period. Prevention and control generally involves cleaning the garden in winter, combined with pruning and shaping, removing and cleaning dead branches, leaves and fruits, transporting or deep burying to reduce the source of disease and prevent the spread of the pathogen over winter. The drug can be 0.8-1°Bé lime sulfur mixture sprayed once to reduce the pathogen on the tree, or 1000-1500 times bromoxynil, 800-1000 times methylthiophanate suspension, and 2000-3000 times fluazinam can be used, etc., sprayed every 7-10 days for 2-3 times.

[0052] Bacterial canker: A type of bacterial disease caused by Xanthomonas, the pathogen overwinters in the diseased plant's leaf, shoot and fruit lesion tissue, mainly in the autumn shoots. Leaves, branches and fruits of diseased plants are affected, forming a corky protrusion. The early stage of the disease appears as yellow or dark green pinhead-sized oil spot-like spots on the back of the leaf, which later expands into a circular shape, with the leaf's front and back raised, the skin cracked like a volcano and surrounded by a yellow halo. In the spring of the following year, when the temperature is 25-30°C, the pathogen overflows the lesion, spreading through wind, rain, insects and contact with branches and leaves. Rainfall is more severe. The prevention and control method is also to clean the garden in winter, and the drug can be copper preparations such as copper hydroxide or agricultural streptomycin, bacillus subtilis, etc., sprayed every 7 days for 3-4 times. Copper preparations must be used alone, and other drugs should be used alternately to avoid the development of drug resistance in the pathogen.

[0053] Scab: A fungal infection caused by Elsinoe fawcettii, the pathogen overwinters on the leaves, fruits and branches of the diseased plants in the form of mycelium, and produces spores and spreads in the following year. The pathogen can only invade young tissues, not mature tissues, and its growth is inhibited when the temperature exceeds 25°C. At the early stage of the disease, the leaves have water-stained small spots, and then the spots gradually expand to become waxy yellow protrusions. In the later stage of the disease, the spots become corky and protrude to the leaf back, and the leaf surface is concave and funnel-shaped. The fruits are small and deformed, with rough and thick skin, and the young fruits are prone to fall off early. The prevention and control should be carried out during the period when the temperature is 15-25°C in spring to prevent the pathogen from invading young tissues. On the basis of good winter cleaning, 0.5-1% Bordeaux mixture, 70% methylthiophanate 800-1000 times solution and 50% carbendazim wettable powder 600-800 times solution, etc. can be used every 7 days for 2-3 times.

[0054] Red spider mite: The red spider mite of the genus Citrus, whose scientific name is Panonychus citri, is one of the main pests of bergamot. Generally, young leaves are most severely damaged, and the diseased leaves have gray-white spots. When the damage is severe, the leaves lose their luster and become gray-white, covered with dust-like exuviae, causing leaf drop and seriously affecting tree vigor and yield. The red spider mite is most active when the temperature is about 25°C and the humidity is about 70% in spring and autumn. During winter cleaning, kminotem emulsifiable concentrate or 73% propargite emulsifiable concentrate can be used. The first application of pesticide is when the number of adults and eggs is 1:1, and the second application is 7-10 days later. Methylcyclohexane, spirodrom, pyridaben, propargite and abamectin, etc. can also be used alternately. If conditions permit, biological integrated control techniques such as releasing phytoseiid mites, setting up insect traps and using biological pesticides can be used.

[0055] Leaf miner: The citrus leaf miner, also known as leaf miner fly and ghost drawing, belongs to the family of Gracillariidae in Lepidoptera, and is a common pest of bergamot. The adult is small in size, silver-white, about 2 mm long, with a silken antenna, 2 brown vertical lines at the base of the forewing, a black-brown "Y" diagonal line in the middle of the wing, and a black circular spot formed by the wing tip hairs. The hind wing is silver-white and needle-shaped. The egg is oval, milky white and transparent, about 0.3 mm. The larva is yellow, spindle-shaped, about 3-4 mm long, with 2 long hairs at the tail. The larva enters the surface of the tender leaf to feed, forming a gray-white curved tunnel in the epidermis and excreting feces in it, causing the damaged leaf to twist and deform, seriously affecting photosynthesis, and becoming a overwintering site for mites, causing diseases such as ulceration, and harming tree vigor and yield. The leaf miner overwinters in the form of pupa in autumn and winter, and the adult emerges in April-May of the following year, laying eggs on the spring shoots. The larvae hatch after about 3 days and start to eat the leaves, with the most serious damage in summer and autumn. To prevent and control the leaf miner, winter cleaning and whitewashing should be done. Pesticides such as pyrethrin and imidacloprid can be sprayed on the plants and the ground, once every 5-7 days for 2-3 times.

[0056] Scales: citrus scales include cottony cushion scale, red wax scale, cottony pink scale, arrowhead scale and black spot scale, etc., which can cause great harm to bergamot, and their common characteristics are that the male adults are dark red with a pair of dark black forewings and degenerated hindwings. The female adults have developed mouthparts, no wings, covered with wax powder or hard wax scale outside the body, like wet, parasitic on the back of leaves or branches, and live by sucking plant sap, leading to tree weakness and branch and leaf yellowing, even whole plant death. The secretion of scale insects can also induce soot disease, which is extremely harmful. Mostly, female adults or nymphs overwinter. From mid-May to mid-June every year is the nymph period of most scales, which is also the best period for prevention and control, and pesticides such as imidacloprid and abamectin can be selected for prevention and control. In addition, the natural enemies of citrus scales include ladybugs, parasitic bees and parasitic fungi, etc., and the overwintering of natural enemy insects such as ladybugs should be protected to form biological control.

[0057] Experimental Example 1

[0058] In 2022-2023, the traditional Sichuan bergamot variety planted in Sichuan was planted by using the cultivation method of Example 1 of the present application and the traditional Sichuan bergamot planting method of Comparative Example 1 in the bergamot planting base in Qingbaijiang District of Chengdu City and Hejiang County of Luzhou City, Sichuan Province, and the experimental results were compared. The experimental data were mainly based on field investigation, and the effects of different cultivation methods on plant height, crown width, single fruit weight, single fruit stem width, fruit number, fruit branch and fruit duration were determined. 20 single plants were randomly investigated for each index, and the average value was compared. Among them, the plant height: the height of the aboveground part of the Sichuan bergamot plant; the crown width: the maximum diameter of the crown width of the Sichuan bergamot plant; the single fruit weight: the weight of the single fruit of the Sichuan bergamot; the single fruit stem width: the maximum diameter of the single fruit of the Sichuan bergamot; the fruit number: the total fruit number of a single plant; the fruit branch: the number of branches of all fruits of a single plant; the fruit duration: the length of time from the beginning of fruiting to the natural falling or falling of the fruit through external factors (disease and insect pests, overloading and breaking, etc.).

[0059] Table 1: Experimental results of the cultivation method of the present application and the prior art

[0060]

[0061] From the results in Table 1, compared with the traditional planting method of Sichuan bergamot, the fruit size, fruit number, plant height, crown width, single fruit weight and fruit branch of the present application were significantly reduced, and the fruit duration was significantly increased. Therefore, the regulation and rain-shelter cultivation of Sichuan bergamot in the present application achieved the expected and demand of ornamental bonsai.

[0062] Although the content of the present application has been described in detail by the above preferred embodiments, it should be recognized that the above description should not be considered as a limitation of the present application. After reading the above content, various modifications and alternatives of the present application will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating a Chuanfoshou bonsai, characterized in that, The method comprises: (1) selecting a Sichuan bergamot plant with a growth time of more than or equal to 3 years, being healthy and free of pests and diseases as a mother tree; taking a brown branch with a growth time of more than or equal to 1 year as a cutting, and cutting to obtain cutting seedlings; (2) mixing ordinary soil, vermiculite and grass carbon to obtain special soil; (3) pruning the woody main root and fibrous root of the cutting seedling, soaking the root in rooting agent ABT, pruning the main stem and branches of the seedling to obtain treated seedlings; the length of the main stem of the seedling after pruning is not higher than 30 cm; (4) planting the treated seedlings in the special soil, compacting the special soil, watering and keeping warm to obtain planted seedlings; (5) applying a mixed solution of paclobutrazol and mepiquat chloride, dihydrogen potassium phosphate, humic acid solution fertilizer and nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium solution to the planted seedlings in sequence; the mass ratio of paclobutrazol to mepiquat chloride in the mixed solution of paclobutrazol and mepiquat chloride is 1:1, the mixed solution of paclobutrazol and mepiquat chloride is applied to the leaf surface at a dosage of 600 times liquid; dihydrogen potassium phosphate is applied to the leaf surface at a dosage of 800 times liquid; humic acid solution fertilizer is applied to the root at a dosage of 1000 times liquid; nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium solution is applied to the root at a dosage of 1500 times liquid, and the mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium solution is 15:15:15; the mixed solution of paclobutrazol and mepiquat chloride is applied once every half month for 12 times, and dihydrogen potassium phosphate is applied once every half month for 8 times in the first year; humic acid solution fertilizer and nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium solution are applied once a month for 8 times in the second year; (6) pruning according to the fertilization time, and applying fertilizer after pruning; the pruning principle is that the spring shoots and autumn shoots extracted in the current year are timely retracted, the length of the main branch is not more than 15 cm, the length of the secondary main branch is not more than 10 cm, and it also includes first-order branches and second-order branches; the number of roots of the main branch is 1, and the number of roots of the secondary main branch is 3-4; the number of roots of the first-order branch is not more than 8, and the number of roots of the second-order branch is not more than 16.

2. The breeding method according to claim 1, characterized by, In step (1), the length of the cutting is 15 cm, and the diameter is more than or equal to 1 cm.

3. The breeding method according to claim 1, characterized by, In step (2), the mass ratio of the ordinary soil, vermiculite and grass carbon is 3:0.5:

1.

4. The breeding method according to claim 1, characterized by, In step (3), the concentration of the rooting agent ABT was 1000 mg.L -1 and the soaking time was 30 min.

5. The breeding method according to claim 1, characterized by, In step (4), the planting depth is 20 cm.

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