A dust removal device for thermal power plant boiler

Abstract

The present application discloses a dust removal device for a boiler in a thermal power plant, including a ventilation chamber, the front end of the ventilation chamber is connected to an air inlet duct, the rear end of the ventilation chamber is connected to an exhaust duct, the bottom of the ventilation chamber is connected to an ash collecting funnel, and an ash discharge mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the ash collecting funnel; a cathode joint and an anode joint are arranged at the top of the ventilation chamber, the anode joint is electrically connected to an anode plate, the cathode joint is electrically connected to a cathode rod, the anode plate array is arranged in the ventilation chamber, and the gap between the anode plates is parallel to the air inlet duct and the exhaust duct; an anode rapping mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the anode plate, and a cathode rapping mechanism is arranged at the top of the cathode rod. The beneficial effects of this scheme can be known from the description of the above scheme, the structure is simple, the design is reasonable, when the cathode rod is rapped, the cathode rod is swung horizontally, so that the dust flakes are sufficiently efficient to fall off; the rapping of the anode plate ensures that the rapping of different anode plates is uniform; the rods of the anti-bridging mechanism form a grid, so that dust falls in small clumps.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of thermal power production, and in particular to dust removal equipment for boilers in thermal power plants. Background Art

[0002] An electrostatic precipitator is a dust removal device that uses a high-voltage electric field to charge dust particles in dust-laden gas and separate dust under the action of the electric field force. Due to its low gas resistance, low operating energy loss, and large ventilation volume, it is often used in large-scale exhaust emission facilities, such as exhaust gas emissions from boilers in thermal power plants. When the electrostatic precipitator is working, the dust-laden gas flows through the electric field area and becomes charged dust. The charged dust is deposited on the surface of the electrode under the action of the electric field force. The vibration cleaning system starts regularly and periodically vibrates the electrode to cause the deposited dust layer to fall off and fall into the ash hopper below. However, during the use of current electrostatic precipitators, the cathode is vibrated from top to bottom, which often leads to insufficient acceleration of the dust attached to the cathode, especially the dust at the bottom of the cathode, making it difficult to shake off the dust at the cathode. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention aims at the deficiencies in the prior art and provides a dust removal device for a thermal power plant boiler which has a simple structure and a reasonable design. When the cathode rod is vibrated, the cathode rod is made to swing horizontally, so that the dust pieces can fall off efficiently. The vibrating of the anode plate ensures that the vibrating of different anode plates is uniform. The rods of the anti-bridging mechanism form a grid, so that dust can fall in in small clumps.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a dust removal device for a thermal power plant boiler, comprising a ventilation chamber, the front end of the ventilation chamber is connected to an air inlet duct, the rear end of the ventilation chamber is connected to an exhaust duct, the bottom of the ventilation chamber is connected to an ash collecting funnel, and the bottom of the ash collecting funnel is provided with an ash discharge mechanism;

[0005] A cathode joint and an anode joint are provided on the top of the ventilation chamber, the anode joint is electrically connected to an anode plate, the cathode joint is electrically connected to a cathode rod, the anode plate array is arranged in the ventilation chamber, and the gaps between the anode plates are parallel to the air inlet duct and the exhaust duct;

[0006] An anode rapping mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the anode plate, and a cathode rapping mechanism is arranged at the top of the cathode rod.

[0007] Further, the anode rapping mechanism comprises a frame fixedly connected to the bottom of the anode plate, the frame comprises a longitudinal beam connected to the bottom of the anode plate, the longitudinal beam is horizontally arranged and its end extends horizontally out of the anode plate, and the end of the longitudinal beam is connected to a cross beam;

[0008] The anode rapping mechanism further comprises a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a first swing arm, the first swing arm is hinged with a first connecting rod, and the first connecting rod is hinged with a rapping hammer;

[0009] The rapping hammer is cylindrical;

[0010] The included angle between adjacent first swing arms is 90°, and the included angles between adjacent first swing arms on both sides of each first swing arm are in opposite directions;

[0011] Each of the first swing arms and the longitudinal beam is located in the same longitudinal plane;

[0012] One end of the first swing arm is transmission-connected with a motor.

[0013] Furthermore, the cathode rapping mechanism includes a hammering mechanism and a toggle mechanism;

[0014] The shifting mechanism comprises a shifting rod arranged at the upper end of the cathode rod, the top end of the shifting rod is connected to a shifting block, and the shifting block is in the shape of a horizontal cylinder;

[0015] The cathode rapping mechanism also includes a dial, the dial includes a fixed shaft hinged, the dial includes a dial part, a striking part and a balancing part, the dial part is located below the fixed shaft, the dial part is provided with a longitudinal long straight through hole, and the long straight through hole is slidably connected to the dial block;

[0016] The struck portion extends toward one side of the fixed shaft, and the hammer mechanism strikes the end of the struck portion;

[0017] The balancing part is arranged on the other side of the fixed shaft, so that when the shifting member is in a stationary state, the long straight through hole is just vertical.

[0018] Furthermore, the hammering mechanism includes a vertically arranged coil, and a hammering cylinder is arranged inside the coil.

[0019] Furthermore, the ash discharge mechanism includes a motor ash discharge valve, the bottom of the motor ash discharge valve is connected to an inverted funnel-shaped ash discharge port, the top of the motor ash discharge valve is connected to a transition funnel, the transition funnel is connected to an anti-bridging mechanism, and the anti-bridging mechanism is connected to the ash collecting funnel.

[0020] Furthermore, the anti-bridging mechanism includes a buffer chamber, the top of the buffer chamber is connected to the ash collecting funnel, and the bottom of the buffer chamber is connected to the transition funnel;

[0021] The length and width of the buffer chamber are both greater than the length and width of the bottom of the ash collecting funnel;

[0022] The outer walls on both sides of the buffer chamber are connected with extension plates, the extension plates are parallel to the outer wall of the buffer chamber and extend horizontally away from the buffer chamber, and the ends of the extension plates are connected with channel steel parts;

[0023] The flange of the channel steel member is arranged horizontally, the web is arranged vertically and the web is perpendicular to the extension plate;

[0024] A first limiting cylinder is arranged at the center of the channel steel member, the first limiting cylinder is movably connected with a long shaft, and a handle is arranged at the end of the long shaft;

[0025] A second limiting cylinder is disposed on the outer wall of the buffer chamber between the two extension plates, and the long axis passes through the gap between the two extension plates and then passes through the second limiting cylinder to extend into the buffer chamber;

[0026] The long axis is located in the buffer chamber and is connected to a plurality of second swing arms, the second swing arms are located in the same plane, the second swing arms are hinged with second connecting rods, connecting rods are connected between the second connecting rods, and the ends of the second connecting rods extend into the bottom of the ash collecting funnel.

[0027] Furthermore, an air distribution structure is provided at the front end of the ventilation chamber, and the air distribution structure includes an air distribution plate. The air distribution plate is perpendicular to the air inlet duct, and the air distribution plate is provided with air holes, and the closer the air holes are to the edge of the air distribution plate, the denser the distribution.

[0028] Furthermore, the anode plates in the same column are located in the same plane.

[0029] During operation, when the exhaust gas enters from the exhaust channel, it enters the ventilation chamber through the vent holes of the air distribution plate. Due to the distribution of the vent holes, the air flow rate in the ventilation chamber is uniform.

[0030] The dust in the exhaust gas adheres to the anode plate and cathode rod in the ventilation chamber. As the shaft rotates, each first swing arm hits the crossbeam at different positions in turn, driving the anode plate to vibrate, so that the dust pieces attached to the anode plate fall off.

[0031] As the coil is energized, the hammer cylinder moves upward. When the coil is discharged, the hammer cylinder falls freely and hits the struck part of the pick. The pick rotates around the fixed axis at a certain angle. Driven by the swing of the long straight hole, the pick block also swings with the pick rod, causing the cathode rod to swing and vibrate. When the vibration energy is exhausted, due to the effect of gravity, the long straight hole of the pick rod returns to the vertical direction, and also returns to the reset position with the cathode rod.

[0032] When the dust at the bottom of the ash collecting funnel falls downward, it is hindered by the second swing arm and the second connecting rod to a certain extent. As a result, when the dust falls from the buffer chamber into the motor ash discharge valve, once larger clumps are formed at the bottom of the ash collecting funnel, they also fall in as smaller clumps, making it less likely for the motor ash discharge valve to bridge.

[0033] And the bridge may be transferred to the second swing arm and the second connecting rod. When the second swing arm and the second connecting rod are bridged, the long axis is rotated, and the second swing arm brings the second connecting rod to hit the root position of the bridged dust, thereby destroying the bridge. In addition, the rotation of the second swing arm can also drive the second connecting rod to move to the side position at the bottom of the dust collecting funnel.

[0034] The beneficial effects of this scheme can be known from the description of the above scheme. It has a simple structure and reasonable design and has the following advantages:

[0035] (1) When the cathode rod is vibrated, the downward impact of the hammer cylinder is converted into a horizontal vibrating force on the cathode rod by the lever, so that the cathode rod swings horizontally, and the acceleration of the cathode rod relative to the attached dust is large enough, so that the dust flakes fall off efficiently;

[0036] (2) The vibration of the anode plate is achieved by using different vibration hammers at different positions. This ensures uniform vibration of different anode plates and reduces the accumulation of vibration deformation of parts, thereby improving the stability of system operation.

[0037] (3) The rods of the anti-bridging mechanism form a grid, so that the dust falling into the motor ash discharge valve falls in small clumps, thereby transferring the bridge on the motor ash discharge valve to the top of the manual anti-bridging mechanism. Then, through the structure of the second swing arm and the second connecting rod, the root of the bridge can be hit to destroy the bridge, thereby avoiding the bridge at the bottom of the ash collecting funnel;

[0038] (4) The manual anti-bridging mechanism can judge the bridging condition through the strength exerted by the person and flexibly adjust the strength to destroy the bridging without worrying about motor overload. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the anode rapping mechanism of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A-direction view (only the nearest first swing arm is shown);

[0042] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A-direction view;

[0043] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a structure in which the rotating shaft rotates a certain angle;

[0044] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the cathode rapping mechanism of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the ash discharge mechanism of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A-A sectional view;

[0047] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air distribution plate of the present invention;

[0048] In the figure, 1, ventilation chamber; 2, air inlet duct; 3, exhaust duct; 4, ash collecting funnel; 5, ash discharge mechanism; 6, cathode joint; 7, anode joint; 8, anode plate; 9, cathode rod; 10, anode vibrating mechanism; 11, cathode vibrating mechanism; 12, longitudinal beam; 13, cross beam; 14, rotating shaft; 15, first swing arm; 16, first connecting rod; 17, vibrating hammer; 18, shifting rod; 19, shifting block; 20, shifting piece; 21, fixed shaft; 22, shifting part; 23, struck part; 24, balancing part; 25, coil; 26, hammering cylinder; 27, motor ash discharge valve. ; 28. Ash discharge port; 29. ​​Transition funnel; 30. Buffer chamber; 31. Extension plate; 32. Channel steel; 33. First limiting cylinder; 34. Long axis; 35. Handle; 36. Second limiting cylinder; 37. Second swing arm; 38. Second connecting rod; 39. Connecting rod; 40. Air distribution plate; 41. Vent. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of this solution, this solution is described below through a specific implementation method.

[0050] like Figure 1-9 As shown, this embodiment is a dust removal device for a thermal power plant boiler, comprising a ventilation chamber 1, the front end of the ventilation chamber 1 is connected to an air inlet duct 2, the rear end of the ventilation chamber 1 is connected to an exhaust duct 3, the bottom of the ventilation chamber 1 is connected to an ash collecting funnel 4, and the bottom of the ash collecting funnel 4 is provided with an ash discharge mechanism 5;

[0051] A cathode connector 6 and an anode connector 7 are provided on the top of the ventilation chamber 1. The anode connector 7 is electrically connected to an anode plate 8. The cathode connector 6 is electrically connected to a cathode rod 9. The anode plates 8 are arranged in an array in the ventilation chamber 1. The gaps between the anode plates 8 are parallel to the air inlet duct 2 and the exhaust duct 3.

[0052] An anode rapping mechanism 10 is provided at the bottom of the anode plate 8 , and a cathode rapping mechanism 11 is provided at the top of the cathode rod 9 .

[0053] Furthermore, the anode rapping mechanism 10 includes a frame fixedly connected to the bottom of the anode plate 8, the frame includes a longitudinal beam 12 connected to the bottom of the anode plate 8, the longitudinal beam 12 is horizontally arranged and its end extends horizontally out of the anode plate 8, and the end of the longitudinal beam 12 is connected to a cross beam 13;

[0054] The anode rapping mechanism 10 further includes a rotating shaft 14, the rotating shaft 14 is fixedly connected to a first swing arm 15, the first swing arm 15 is hinged to a first connecting rod 16, and the first connecting rod 16 is hinged to a rapping hammer 17;

[0055] The rapping hammer 17 is cylindrical;

[0056] The included angle between adjacent first swing arms 15 is 90°, and the included angles of adjacent first swing arms 15 on both sides of each first swing arm 15 are in opposite directions;

[0057] Each first swing arm 15 is located in the same longitudinal plane as the longitudinal beam 12;

[0058] One end of the first swing arm 15 is transmission-connected to a motor.

[0059] Furthermore, the cathode rapping mechanism 11 includes a hammering mechanism and a toggle mechanism;

[0060] The shifting mechanism includes a shifting rod 18 disposed at the upper end of the cathode rod 9, and a shifting block 19 is connected to the top of the shifting rod 18, and the shifting block 19 is in a horizontal cylindrical shape;

[0061] The cathode rapping mechanism 11 further includes a dial 20, which includes a hinged fixed shaft 21, and includes a dial portion 22, a striking portion 23 and a balancing portion 24. The dial portion 22 is located below the fixed shaft 21, and the dial portion 22 is provided with a longitudinal long straight through hole, which is slidably connected to the dial block 19;

[0062] The struck portion 23 extends toward one side of the fixed shaft 21, and the hammer mechanism strikes the end of the struck portion 23;

[0063] The balancing portion 24 is disposed on the other side of the fixed shaft 21 so that when the shifter 20 is in a stationary state, the long straight through hole is exactly vertical.

[0064] Furthermore, the hammer mechanism includes a coil 25 arranged vertically, and a hammer cylinder 26 is arranged inside the coil 25 .

[0065] Furthermore, the ash discharge mechanism 5 includes a motor ash discharge valve 27, the bottom of the motor ash discharge valve 27 is connected to an inverted funnel-shaped ash discharge port 28, the top of the motor ash discharge valve 27 is connected to a transition funnel 29, the transition funnel 29 is connected to an anti-bridging mechanism, and the anti-bridging mechanism is connected to the ash collecting funnel 4.

[0066] Furthermore, the anti-bridging mechanism includes a buffer chamber 30, the top of the buffer chamber 30 is connected to the ash collecting funnel 4, and the bottom of the buffer chamber 30 is connected to the transition funnel 29;

[0067] The length and width of the buffer chamber 30 are greater than the length and width of the bottom of the ash collecting funnel 4;

[0068] The outer walls of both sides of the buffer chamber 30 are connected with extension plates 31, the extension plates 31 are parallel to the outer walls of the buffer chamber 30 and extend horizontally away from the buffer chamber 30, and the ends of the extension plates 31 are connected with channel steel parts 32;

[0069] The flange of the channel steel member 32 is arranged horizontally, and the web is arranged vertically and the web is perpendicular to the extension plate 31;

[0070] A first limiting cylinder 33 is disposed at the center of the channel steel member 32, and a long shaft 34 is movably connected to the first limiting cylinder 33, and a handle 35 is disposed at the end of the long shaft 34;

[0071] A second limiting cylinder 36 is disposed on the outer wall of the buffer chamber 30 between the two extension plates 31 , and the long axis 34 passes through the gap between the two extension plates 31 and then passes through the second limiting cylinder 36 to extend into the buffer chamber 30 ;

[0072] The long axis 34 is located in the buffer chamber 30 and is connected to a plurality of second swing arms 37 . All the second swing arms 37 are located in the same plane. The second swing arms 37 are hinged with second connecting rods 38 . Connecting rods 39 are connected between the second connecting rods 38 . The ends of the second connecting rods 38 extend into the bottom of the ash collecting hopper 4 .

[0073] Furthermore, an air distribution structure is provided at the front end of the ventilation chamber 1, and the air distribution structure includes an air distribution plate 40, the air distribution plate 40 is perpendicular to the air inlet duct 2, the air distribution plate 40 is provided with ventilation holes 41, and the closer the ventilation holes 41 are to the edge of the air distribution plate 40, the denser the distribution.

[0074] Furthermore, the anode plates 8 in the same column are located in the same plane.

[0075] During operation, when exhaust gas enters from the exhaust passage, it enters the ventilation chamber 1 through the vent holes 41 of the air distribution plate 40. Due to the distribution of the vent holes 41, the air flow rate of the ventilation chamber 1 is uniform.

[0076] The dust in the exhaust gas adheres to the anode plate 8 and the cathode rod 9 in the ventilation chamber 1. As the rotating shaft 14 rotates, each first swing arm 15 hits the crossbeam 13 at different positions in turn, driving the anode plate 8 to vibrate, so that the dust pieces attached to the anode plate 8 fall off.

[0077] As the coil 25 is energized, the hammer cylinder 26 moves upward. When the coil 25 is discharged, the hammer cylinder 26 falls freely and hits the struck portion 23 of the shifting member 20. The shifting member 20 rotates a certain angle around the fixed axis 21. Driven by the swing of the long straight through hole, the shifting block 19 also swings with the shifting rod, thereby causing the cathode rod 9 to swing and vibrate. When the vibration energy is exhausted, due to the effect of gravity, the long straight through hole of the shifting rod returns to the vertical direction, and also returns to the original position with the cathode rod 9.

[0078] When the dust at the bottom of the ash collecting funnel 4 falls downward, it is hindered to a certain extent by the second swing arm 37 and the second connecting rod 38. As a result, when the dust falls from the buffer chamber 30 into the motor ash discharge valve 27, once larger clumps are formed at the bottom of the ash collecting funnel 4, the dust falls in as smaller clumps, thereby making it less likely for the motor ash discharge valve 27 to bridge.

[0079] And the bridge may be transferred to the upper part of the second swing arm 37 and the second connecting rod 38. When the second swing arm 37 and the second connecting rod 38 are bridged, the long shaft 34 is rotated, and the second swing arm 37 and the second connecting rod 38 hit the root position of the bridged dust, thereby destroying the bridge. In addition, the rotation of the second swing arm 37 can also drive the second connecting rod 38 to move to the side position at the bottom of the dust collecting funnel 4.

[0080] Technical features not described in the present invention can be achieved through or by adopting existing technologies and will not be described in detail herein. Of course, the above description is not a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples. Changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by ordinary technicians in this technical field within the essential scope of the present invention should also fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dust removal device for a thermal power plant boiler, characterized in that: It includes a ventilation chamber, the front end of the ventilation chamber is connected to an air inlet duct, the rear end of the ventilation chamber is connected to an exhaust duct, the bottom of the ventilation chamber is connected to an ash collecting funnel, and the bottom of the ash collecting funnel is provided with an ash discharge mechanism; A cathode joint and an anode joint are provided on the top of the ventilation chamber, the anode joint is electrically connected to an anode plate, the cathode joint is electrically connected to a cathode rod, the anode plate array is arranged in the ventilation chamber, and the gaps between the anode plates are parallel to the air inlet duct and the exhaust duct; An anode rapping mechanism is provided at the bottom of the anode plate, and a cathode rapping mechanism is provided at the top of the cathode rod; The cathode rapping mechanism includes a hammering mechanism and a toggle mechanism; The shifting mechanism comprises a shifting rod arranged at the upper end of the cathode rod, the top end of the shifting rod is connected to a shifting block, and the shifting block is in the shape of a horizontal cylinder; The cathode rapping mechanism also includes a dial, the dial includes a fixed shaft hinged, the dial includes a dial part, a striking part and a balancing part, the dial part is located below the fixed shaft, the dial part is provided with a longitudinal long straight through hole, and the long straight through hole is slidably connected to the dial block; The struck portion extends toward one side of the fixed shaft, and the hammer mechanism strikes the end of the struck portion; The balancing part is arranged on the other side of the fixed shaft, so that when the shifting member is in a stationary state, the long straight through hole is just vertical; The hammer mechanism comprises a coil arranged vertically, and a hammer cylinder is arranged inside the coil; The anode rapping mechanism comprises a frame fixedly connected to the bottom of the anode plate, the frame comprises a longitudinal beam connected to the bottom of the anode plate, the longitudinal beam is horizontally arranged and its end extends horizontally out of the anode plate, and the end of the longitudinal beam is connected to a cross beam; The anode rapping mechanism further comprises a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a first swing arm, the first swing arm is hinged with a first connecting rod, and the first connecting rod is hinged with a rapping hammer; The rapping hammer is cylindrical; The included angle between adjacent first swing arms is 90°, and the included angles between adjacent first swing arms on both sides of each first swing arm are in opposite directions; Each of the first swing arms and the longitudinal beam is located in the same longitudinal plane; One end of the first swing arm is transmission-connected with a motor.

2. A dust removal device for a thermal power plant boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ash discharge mechanism includes a motor ash discharge valve, the bottom of the motor ash discharge valve is connected to an inverted funnel-shaped ash discharge port, the top of the motor ash discharge valve is connected to a transition funnel, the transition funnel is connected to an anti-bridging mechanism, and the anti-bridging mechanism is connected to the ash collecting funnel.

3. A dust removal device for a thermal power plant boiler according to claim 2, characterized in that: The anti-bridging mechanism comprises a buffer chamber, the top of the buffer chamber is connected to the ash collecting funnel, and the bottom of the buffer chamber is connected to the transition funnel; The length and width of the buffer chamber are both greater than the length and width of the bottom of the ash collecting funnel; The outer walls on both sides of the buffer chamber are connected with extension plates, the extension plates are parallel to the outer wall of the buffer chamber and extend horizontally away from the buffer chamber, and the ends of the extension plates are connected with channel steel parts; The flange of the channel steel member is arranged horizontally, the web is arranged vertically and the web is perpendicular to the extension plate; A first limiting cylinder is arranged at the center of the channel steel member, the first limiting cylinder is movably connected with a long shaft, and a handle is arranged at the end of the long shaft; A second limiting cylinder is disposed on the outer wall of the buffer chamber between the two extension plates, and the long axis passes through the gap between the two extension plates and then passes through the second limiting cylinder to extend into the buffer chamber; The long axis is located in the buffer chamber and is connected to a plurality of second swing arms, the second swing arms are located in the same plane, the second swing arms are hinged with second connecting rods, connecting rods are connected between the second connecting rods, and the ends of the second connecting rods extend into the bottom of the ash collecting funnel.

4. The dust removal equipment for a thermal power plant boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air distribution structure is provided at the front end of the ventilation chamber, and the air distribution structure includes an air distribution plate. The air distribution plate is perpendicular to the air inlet duct, and the air distribution plate is provided with air holes. The closer the air holes are to the edge of the air distribution plate, the denser the distribution.

5. The dust removal equipment for a thermal power plant boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anode plates in the same column are located in the same plane.

Images