A kind of bionic bone cutting tool based on surface microstructure of nepenthes and its preparation method

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of bone cutting tools, and specifically discloses a kind of bionic bone cutting tools based on surface microstructure of nepenthes and a preparation method thereof, wherein the bionic bone cutting tool includes a tool body, the tool body is provided with a chip contact area, the chip contact area is provided with a plurality of crescent-shaped structure pits, and the plurality of crescent-shaped structure pits are regularly arranged in an equidistant geometric lattice.The bionic bone cutting tool with a surface similar to that of nepenthes prepared by the present application has a texture array of surface microstructure of nepenthes in the chip contact area, including crescent-shaped pits distributed in the waxy area of nepenthes, which can reduce the cutting temperature during the cutting of bone material by the tool, make the cutting process more stable, inhibit crack generation, and improve the surface quality.The bionic bone cutting tool with a surface similar to that of nepenthes prepared by the present application can be widely used in bone cutting surgery, not only can reduce the cutting temperature, but also can inhibit crack generation, thereby improving the surface quality of bone material cutting, and causing no secondary harm to patients.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of bone cutting tool technology, specifically relating to a biomimetic bone cutting tool based on the surface microstructure of pitcher plant and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Orthopedic diseases are common in clinical medicine, and the number of patients with orthopedic conditions such as cervical spondylosis has been increasing in recent years, leading to a growing demand for orthopedic surgery. Currently, most orthopedic diseases require surgical treatment, which is the most frequently used and relatively effective method among all treatments. The entire orthopedic surgical process inevitably involves drilling and grinding. For example, in patients with severe cervical spinal stenosis, decompression of the vertebral laminae is necessary. The surgeon needs to grind down the diseased vertebral laminae to expand the space in the spinal canal and release the compressed nerves. With advancements in science and technology, the study of bone material cutting and processing has gained increasing attention. However, because bone is a bioactive material with poor thermal conductivity, cutting can easily cause mechanical and thermal damage to surrounding tissues, blood vessels, and nerve tissues. Furthermore, improper cutting and processing can cause cracks in the bone material, resulting in fatal damage to bone tissue and severely hindering postoperative recovery. While ensuring cutting quality, cutting efficiency also needs to be kept high so that the surgery can be completed in a short time, thereby reducing the occurrence of infections and complications in orthopedic surgery.

[0003] Biomimetic cutting tools are those that incorporate microstructures with specific functions onto their surfaces, enabling the tool to perform these functions during cutting. Numerous studies by scholars both domestically and internationally have demonstrated that biomimetic tools effectively improve cutting performance. Characteristics such as cutting force, cutting temperature, and machining quality are closely related to the morphology and dimensions of the microstructures on the surface of biomimetic tools, directly affecting the machining performance of bone materials. However, existing biomimetic tool structures may not be sufficiently stable and may experience wear or failure under prolonged use or extreme conditions, impacting durability and stability. Different tool materials respond differently to surface treatments, necessitating the development of different treatment methods for each material, increasing the compatibility issues associated with surface treatments. Controlling surface roughness to achieve the desired performance indicators is also a challenge, especially in applications requiring extremely high precision. Biomimetic structures may be affected by environmental factors such as the leakage of human tissue fluid during bone cutting and temperature changes, leading to performance degradation.

[0004] Therefore, it is essential to develop a new biomimetic bone cutting tool. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the defects of the existing technology and provide a biomimetic bone cutting tool based on the surface microstructure of pitcher plant and its preparation method.

[0006] The carnivorous pitcher plant *Nepenthes* thrives in humid environments and poor soil. Its lips and waxy surface allow insects to easily slip off, enabling it to capture and obtain nutrients. Therefore, the surface morphology of the waxy region of *Nepenthes* provides extremely low friction and adhesion to insect footpads. Applying this principle to knife surfaces can effectively reduce frictional resistance and minimize cutting heat.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, one of the technical solutions of the present invention is: a biomimetic bone cutting tool based on the surface microstructure of the waxy region of pitcher plant, comprising a tool body, wherein the tool body is provided with a chip contact area, and the chip contact area is provided with a plurality of crescent-shaped structural pits, wherein the plurality of crescent-shaped structural pits are arranged in a regular geometric lattice with equal spacing.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the tool body is a milling cutter or a drill bit.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the crescent-shaped recess is a hyperboloid solid formed by the intersection of the inner and outer arc surfaces of the crescent-shaped structure. The inner arc of the crescent-shaped structure has an arc of 85.2-94.3°, the outer arc has an arc of 165.4-173.8°, a length of 62.47-66.39 μm, a width of 16.25-19.20 μm, and a depth of 13.92-16.21 μm. The angles between the inner and outer arcs of the crescent-shaped structure and the cutting edge are both 0°-90°. The lateral spacing between adjacent crescent-shaped recesses is 67.21-90.65 μm, and the longitudinal spacing is 54.73-68.46 μm.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the second technical solution of the present invention is: the application of a biomimetic bone cutting tool based on the surface microstructure of the waxy region of pitcher plant in bone cutting.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, the third technical solution of the present invention is: a method for preparing a biomimetic bone cutting tool based on the surface microstructure of the waxy region of pitcher plants, comprising the following steps:

[0012] (1) Remove the oxide layer on the surface of the tool body, and then perform ultrasonic cleaning, nitrogen blowing and vacuum drying;

[0013] (2) A number of crescent-shaped recesses are laser-machined in the chip contact area of ​​the tool body, with the crescent-shaped recesses facing the cutting edge.

[0014] (3) The tool body after step (2) is placed into the acid etching solution for acid etching treatment to eliminate slag and shape to obtain a biomimetic structure surface;

[0015] (4) Strengthen the surface of the biomimetic structure obtained in step (3) and then deposit a friction-reducing and wear-resistant coating.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the oxide layer on the surface of the tool body in step (1) is removed by micro-blasting.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the crescent-shaped pits in step (2) are arranged in a lattice structure.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the laser processing in step (2) includes rough processing using an infrared laser in the chip contact area, followed by fine processing using an ultraviolet laser.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the acid etching solution in step (3) is, in sequence, hydrochloric acid solution, nitric acid solution, and hydrofluoric acid / nitric acid mixed solution.

[0020] More preferably, the hydrochloric acid solution has a concentration of 5-15 wt%, the nitric acid solution has a concentration of 10-20 wt%, and the hydrofluoric acid / nitric acid mixed solution has a hydrofluoric acid content of 4-8 wt% and a nitric acid content of 5-12 wt%.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the strengthening treatment in step (4) is plasma bombardment, and the friction-reducing and wear-resistant coating is deposited by magnetron sputtering technology.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. The biomimetic bone cutting tool for the surface of the pitcher plant prepared by the present invention has a dot matrix structure of microstructure of the pitcher plant surface processed in the contact area of ​​the cutting tool and the chip, including crescent-shaped structure pits distributed in the waxy area of ​​the pitcher plant. This can reduce the cutting temperature of the tool during the cutting of bone material, make the cutting process more stable, inhibit the generation of cracks, and improve the surface quality.

[0024] 2. The biomimetic bone cutting tool on the surface of the pitcher plant prepared by this invention can be widely used in bone cutting surgery. It can not only reduce the cutting temperature, but also inhibit the generation of cracks, thereby improving the surface quality of bone material cutting and avoiding secondary damage to patients. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a surface structure diagram of the pitcher plant, the biomimetic object of this invention;

[0026] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the bionic cutting tool of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 A top view of the biomimetic microstructure fabrication area;

[0028] Figure 4 Cross-sectional view of the crescent-shaped concave structure;

[0029] In the diagram: 1-Chip contact area; 2-Cutting chisel edge; 3-Crescent-shaped recess; 4-Inner arc surface of crescent-shaped structure; 5-Outer arc surface of crescent-shaped structure; A-Width of crescent-shaped recess; B-Length of crescent-shaped recess; L1-Transverse spacing of crescent-shaped recesses; L2-Vertical spacing of crescent-shaped recesses; K1-Angle between the inner and outer arc axes of the crescent-shaped structure and the cutting chisel edge; K2-Inner arc radius of the crescent-shaped structure; H-Depth of crescent-shaped recess. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention is further described below through specific embodiments. The accompanying drawings are merely illustrative to facilitate understanding of the invention, and their specific proportions can be adjusted according to design requirements. The vertical relationship between relative elements in the figures described herein should be understood by those skilled in the art as referring to the relative positions of the components. Correspondingly, the element on the upper side is considered the front, and the element on the lower side is considered the back for ease of understanding. Therefore, all can be flipped to present the same component, and all of this should fall within the scope disclosed in this specification.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a surface structure diagram of the pitcher plant, the biomimetic object of this invention; Figures 2-4 The present invention provides a biomimetic bone cutting tool based on the surface microstructure of pitcher plant, comprising a tool body, wherein the tool body is provided with a chip contact area 1, and the chip contact area 1 is provided with a plurality of crescent-shaped recesses 3, which are arranged in a regular geometric lattice with equal spacing.

[0032] The crescent-shaped recess 3 is a hyperboloid solid formed by the intersection of the inner circular arc surface 4 and the outer circular arc surface 5 of the crescent-shaped structure. The arc K2 of the inner circular arc surface 4 is 85.2-94.3°, preferably 90°, and the arc K3 of the outer circular arc surface 5 is 165.4-173.8°, preferably 168°. The length B of the crescent-shaped recess is 62.47-66.39μm, preferably 65μm, the width A is 16.25-19.20μm, preferably 16μm, and the depth H is 13.92-16.21μm, preferably 15μm.

[0033] The angle K1 between the inner and outer arcs of the crescent-shaped structure and the cutting edge 2 is 0°-90°. The lateral spacing between adjacent crescent-shaped recesses is 67.21-90.65μm, preferably 85μm, and the longitudinal spacing is 54.73-68.46μm, preferably 60μm.

[0034] Application of a biomimetic bone cutting tool based on the surface microstructure of the waxy region of pitcher plant in bone cutting.

[0035] A method for fabricating a biomimetic bone cutting tool based on the surface microstructure of pitcher plants, comprising the following steps:

[0036] A method for preparing a biomimetic bone cutting tool based on the surface microstructure of the waxy region of pitcher plants includes the following steps:

[0037] (1) Remove the oxide layer on the surface of the tool body, and then perform ultrasonic cleaning, nitrogen blowing and vacuum drying;

[0038] (2) A number of crescent-shaped pits are laser-machined in the chip contact area of ​​the tool body, with the crescent-shaped concave surface facing the cutting edge.

[0039] (3) The tool body after step (2) is placed into the acid etching solution for acid etching treatment to eliminate slag and shape to obtain a biomimetic structure surface;

[0040] (4) Strengthen the surface of the biomimetic structure obtained in step (3) and then deposit a friction-reducing and wear-resistant coating.

[0041] In step (1), the oxide layer on the surface of the tool body is removed by micro-blasting.

[0042] The crescent-shaped pits in step (2) have a lattice structure.

[0043] The laser processing in step (2) includes roughing with an infrared laser in the chip contact area and finishing with an ultraviolet laser.

[0044] The acid etching solutions in step (3) are, in order, hydrochloric acid solution, nitric acid solution, and hydrofluoric acid / nitric acid mixed solution.

[0045] The hydrochloric acid solution has a concentration of 5-15 wt%, the nitric acid solution has a concentration of 10-20 wt%, and the hydrofluoric acid / nitric acid mixed solution contains 4-8 wt% hydrofluoric acid and 5-12 wt% nitric acid.

[0046] The strengthening treatment in step (4) is plasma bombardment, and the friction-reducing and wear-resistant coating is deposited by magnetron sputtering technology.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] A biomimetic bone cutting tool based on the surface microstructure of pitcher plants is disclosed. The tool body is a milling cutter made of cemented carbide. The aforementioned structure is machined in a 1.5mm × 1.5mm square area on the rake face of the tool using ultraviolet-infrared laser processing combined with acid etching. The preparation method is as follows:

[0049] 1) Pretreatment: The oxide layer on the surface of the tool body is removed by micro-blasting. After micro-blasting, a certain amount of organic solution is poured into a beaker, which is then placed in an ultrasonic cleaner. The tool body is then placed in the beaker, and the organic solution is used sequentially with anhydrous ethanol and acetone, respectively, for 20 minutes each time for ultrasonic cleaning. After cleaning, the tool body is rinsed with deionized water and then dried with nitrogen. Finally, the dried tool body is placed in a vacuum oven for dehydration and baking to ensure thorough drying.

[0050] 2) Laser processing of crescent-shaped recesses: A laser marking machine is used to process crescent-shaped recesses 2 in the chip contact area of ​​the tool body. The angle K1 between the inner and outer arc axes of the crescent-shaped structure and the cutting cross edge 2 is 90°. The lateral spacing L1 between adjacent crescent-shaped recesses is 85μm, and the longitudinal spacing L2 is 60μm.

[0051] 3) After laser processing, the tool body is sequentially placed in hydrochloric acid solution, nitric acid solution, and hydrofluoric acid / nitric acid mixed solution for acid etching treatment to eliminate slag and solidify the shape. The concentration of hydrochloric acid solution is 10wt%, the concentration of nitric acid solution is 15wt%, the hydrofluoric acid / nitric acid mixed solution contains 6wt% hydrofluoric acid and 8.5wt% nitric acid.

[0052] 4) Plasma bombardment is used to strengthen the surface of the biomimetic structure, and magnetron sputtering technology is used to deposit a friction-reducing and wear-resistant coating on the surface of the biomimetic structure.

[0053] After the above steps, the tool processing area, i.e. the chip contact area, exhibits a regular geometric lattice structure with crescent-shaped pits arranged at equal intervals.

[0054] Example 2

[0055] A biomimetic cutting tool based on the surface microstructure of pitcher plant and its preparation method are disclosed. The structure and preparation method are the same as those in Example 1, except that the tool body is a drill bit.

[0056] 1) Pretreatment: The oxide layer on the surface of the tool body is removed by micro-blasting. After micro-blasting, a certain amount of organic solution is poured into a beaker, which is then placed in an ultrasonic cleaner. The tool body is then placed in the beaker, and the organic solution is used sequentially with anhydrous ethanol and acetone, respectively, for 20 minutes each time for ultrasonic cleaning. After cleaning, the tool body is rinsed with deionized water and then dried with nitrogen. Finally, the dried tool body is placed in a vacuum oven for dehydration and baking to ensure thorough drying.

[0057] 2) Laser processing of crescent-shaped recesses: A laser marking machine is used to process crescent-shaped recesses 2 in the chip contact area of ​​the tool body. The angle K1 between the inner and outer arc axes of the crescent-shaped structure and the cutting cross edge 2 is 90°. The lateral spacing L1 between adjacent crescent-shaped recesses is 85μm, and the longitudinal spacing L2 is 60μm.

[0058] 3) After laser processing, the tool body is sequentially placed in hydrochloric acid solution, nitric acid solution, and hydrofluoric acid / nitric acid mixed solution for acid etching treatment to eliminate slag and solidify the shape. The concentration of hydrochloric acid solution is 10wt%, the concentration of nitric acid solution is 15wt%, the hydrofluoric acid / nitric acid mixed solution contains 6wt% hydrofluoric acid and 8.5wt% nitric acid.

[0059] 4) Plasma bombardment is used to strengthen the surface of the biomimetic structure, and magnetron sputtering technology is used to deposit a friction-reducing and wear-resistant coating on the surface of the biomimetic structure.

[0060] After the above steps, the tool machining area exhibits a regular geometric lattice structure with crescent-shaped pits arranged at equal intervals.

[0061] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A biomimetic bone cutting tool based on the surface microstructure of the waxy region of a pitcher plant, comprising a tool body, characterized in that, The tool body has a chip contact area, which has several crescent-shaped recesses arranged in a regular geometric lattice with equal spacing. Each crescent-shaped recess is a hyperboloid formed by the intersection of an inner and outer arc surface of a crescent shape. The inner arc of the crescent shape has an arc of 85.2-94.3°, the outer arc has an arc of 165.4-173.8°, a length of 62.47-66.39 μm, a width of 16.25-19.20 μm, and a depth of 13.92-16.21 μm. The angles between the inner and outer arcs of the crescent shape and the cutting edge are both 0°-90°. The lateral spacing between adjacent crescent-shaped recesses is 67.21-90.65 μm, and the longitudinal spacing is 54.73-68.46 μm.

2. The biomimetic bone cutting tool based on the surface microstructure of the waxy region of *Nepenthes spp.* as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The tool body is a milling cutter or a drill bit.

3. The application of the biomimetic bone cutting tool based on the surface microstructure of the waxy region of pitcher plant as described in claim 1 or 2 in bone cutting.

4. A method for preparing a biomimetic bone cutting tool based on the surface microstructure of the waxy region of *Nepenthes spp.* as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Remove the oxide layer on the surface of the tool body, and then perform ultrasonic cleaning, nitrogen blowing and vacuum drying; (2) A number of crescent-shaped recesses are laser-machined in the chip contact area of ​​the tool body, with the crescent-shaped recesses facing the cutting edge. (3) The tool body after step (2) is placed into the acid etching solution for acid etching treatment to remove slag and shape to obtain a biomimetic structure surface; (4) Strengthen the surface of the biomimetic structure obtained in step (3) and then deposit a friction-reducing and wear-resistant coating.

5. The method for preparing a biomimetic bone cutting tool based on the surface microstructure of the waxy region of *Nepenthes spp.* as described in claim 4, characterized in that... In step (1), the oxide layer on the surface of the tool body is removed by micro-blasting.

6. The method for preparing a biomimetic bone cutting tool based on the surface microstructure of the waxy region of *Nepenthes spp.* as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The crescent-shaped pits in step (2) have a lattice structure.

7. The method for preparing a biomimetic bone cutting tool based on the surface microstructure of the waxy region of *Nepenthes spp.* as described in claim 4, characterized in that... The laser processing in step (2) includes roughing with an infrared laser in the chip contact area and finishing with an ultraviolet laser.

8. The method for preparing a biomimetic bone cutting tool based on the surface microstructure of the waxy region of *Nepenthes spp.* as described in claim 4, characterized in that... The acid etching solutions placed in step (3) are hydrochloric acid solution, nitric acid solution, and hydrofluoric acid / nitric acid mixed solution in sequence. The concentration of the hydrochloric acid solution is 5-15wt%, the concentration of the nitric acid solution is 10-20wt%, and the hydrofluoric acid / nitric acid mixed solution contains 4-8wt% hydrofluoric acid and 5-12wt% nitric acid.

9. The method for preparing a biomimetic bone cutting tool based on the surface microstructure of the waxy region of *Nepenthes spp.* as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The strengthening treatment in step (4) is plasma bombardment, and the friction-reducing and wear-resistant coating is deposited by magnetron sputtering technology.

Images