Echo signal reconstruction method and system for cable fault positioning

Abstract

The invention discloses an echo signal reconstruction method and system for cable fault positioning, and relates to the technical field of fault positioning. The echo signal reconstruction method for cable fault positioning comprises the following steps: acquiring a measured pulse signal; fitting the pulse signal by using a preset algorithm to obtain a pulse power supply output signal u0 (t), a fault cable echo signal ub (t) and a fault-free cable echo signal u1 (t) with the same path; and Fourier transform is carried out on three time domain signals of the pulse power supply output signal u0 (t), the fault cable echo signal ub (t) and the fault-free cable echo signal u1 (t) with the same path. According to the invention, the problems that the transmission of pulse signals and the quality of echo signals are influenced and the attenuation of ns-level narrow-pulse high-frequency signals in a multi-cable binding structure is serious due to mutual inductance among cables caused by the structure that a plurality of cables of a wiring harness cable of a rail train are generally bound together are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fault location, and in particular to an echo signal reconstruction method and system for cable fault location. Background Art

[0002] In modern rail transit systems, cables play a vital role as a key medium for transmitting power and signals. The normal operation of rail trains is inseparable from the stable and efficient operation of cables. These cables are not only used to transmit high-voltage power to drive trains, but also to transmit various control signals and communication data. The quality and performance of cables directly affect the safety and reliability of train operation. Therefore, ensuring the health of cables is not only to maintain the operating efficiency of trains, but also to ensure the safety of passengers and the long-term stable operation of trains. In order to achieve this goal, daily maintenance and fault detection of cables are particularly important.

[0003] The quality and performance of cables are related to the stable and efficient operation of rail trains. Cable faults may cause train operation interruptions or even safety accidents. There are many reasons for cable failures, including external environmental impact, mechanical damage, insulation aging, overload, etc. Common types of faults include short circuits, open circuits, ground faults, and insulation damage. These faults not only affect the performance of the cable itself, but also pose a serious threat to the operation of rail trains. Therefore, it is particularly important to conduct timely and effective fault detection and location of cables.

[0004] Among the methods for locating cable faults in rail trains, the traveling wave method has attracted attention due to its remarkable effect in locating long-distance cable faults. The traveling wave method locates the fault point by using electromagnetic waves propagating in the cable. The polarity of the echo signals generated by different fault types is different. The corresponding fault type can be determined by analyzing the echo signals. When a cable fault occurs, the electromagnetic waves injected into the cable will be reflected when encountering the fault point, forming an echo signal. By measuring the propagation time difference and characteristics of these signals, the location and type of the fault point can be determined.

[0005] In the prior art, the online cable fault distance measurement method based on the artificial neural network model proposed in the publication number CN100538380C collects signals through current transformers and voltage transformers, and after low-pass filtering and frequency-locked phase-locked sampling processing, uses a fault start module, an ANN model training module and a distance measurement calculation module to improve the accuracy of fault point location measurement; although the accuracy of fault point location measurement is improved by low-pass filtering and frequency-locked phase-locked sampling processing, the system is complex and costly, and it is difficult to adapt to the changeable environment of rail train cables. The processing speed may be slow, which is not conducive to real-time detection. Publication No. CN110514959B proposes an FDR fault location method that takes into account the cable attenuation characteristics. The system includes signal generation, signal separation, signal processing and display modules. By determining the frequency bandwidth and amplitude of the swept frequency incident signal, transmitting and collecting the reflected signal, and processing the cable reflection coefficient spectrum and position information, accurate fault location of long-distance cables can be achieved; although it performs well in long-distance cable fault location, it has poor real-time performance and is difficult to respond quickly to short-distance cables used in rail trains. In addition, the system is complex and the signal processing and display module costs are high.

[0006] The traditional traveling wave method is mainly used for fault detection of long-distance cables (several kilometers to tens of kilometers), while the cable length of rail trains is relatively short (tens of meters). In order to achieve precise positioning on short-distance cables, the traveling wave method needs to be upgraded accordingly. Specifically, the pulse width accuracy needs to be improved, usually requiring a level of several nanoseconds to more than ten nanoseconds to ensure the accuracy of positioning.

[0007] In the process of locating cable faults in rail trains, the attenuation of echo signals is an important challenge. Since the wiring harness cables of rail trains are usually multiple cables bundled together, this structure causes mutual inductance between cables, affecting the propagation of pulse signals and the quality of echo signals. There is no effective solution to the problem that high-frequency signals with ns-level narrow pulses are severely attenuated in the multi-cable bundled structure. Summary of the invention

[0008] Purpose of the invention: To provide a method and system for reconstructing echo signals for cable fault location, so as to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art.

[0009] Technical solution: A method for reconstructing echo signals for locating cable faults, comprising: obtaining a measured pulse signal; fitting the pulse signal using a preset algorithm to obtain a pulse power supply output signal u 0( t )、Fault cable echo signal u b ( t ) and the same path fault-free cable echo signal u 1( t ); output signal to the pulse power supply u 0( t ), the fault cable echo signal u b ( t ) and the same path fault-free cable echo signal u 1( t ) Perform Fourier transform on the three time domain signals to obtain the corresponding frequency domain signals u 0( f )、u b ( f )、 u 1( f );according to u 0( f )、 u 1( f ) with the same path without fault cable echo time d , calculate the attenuation coefficient of the pulse signal propagating inside the cable α ( f ); according to the attenuation coefficient α ( f ), calculate the different receiving times of the unit signal transmitted to the cable z n Signal attenuation frequency domain transfer function g ( f, z n ); for the frequency domain transfer function g ( f, z n ) to perform inverse Fourier transform to obtain the time domain transfer function at different positions g ( t, z n ); Calculate the transfer function matrix containing different positions G ( t, z ); The fault cable echo signal u b ( t ) and the transfer function matrix G ( t, z ) to perform matrix operations to obtain the reconstructed signal u b0 ( t ).

[0010] Preferably, the pulse signal is fitted using a preset algorithm to obtain a pulse power supply output signal. u 0( t )、Fault cable echo signal u b ( t ) and the same path fault-free cable echo signal u 1( t ),include: The collected pulse signal is fitted using a double exponential function to obtain the pulse power supply output signal. u 0( t )、Fault cable echo signal u b ( t ), the same path without fault cable echo signal u 1( t ); Wherein, the expression of the double exponential function is: In the formula, U 1. U 2. τ 1. τ 2 are the fitting parameters of the double exponential function.

[0011] Preferably, the pulse power supply output signal u 0( t ), the fault cable echo signal u b ( t ) and the same path fault-free cable echo signal u 1( t ) Perform Fourier transform on the three time domain signals to obtain the corresponding frequency domain signals u 0( f )、 u b ( f )、 u 1( f ),include: Establish frequency f and propagation time x Pulse signal attenuation model; Wherein, the pulse signal attenuation model expression is: ; In the formula, f is the frequency, x is the propagation time, u ( f , x ) is the time x The frequency domain signal corresponding to the echo signal is g ( f , x ) is the transfer function of signal attenuation, α ( f ) is the attenuation coefficient.

[0012] Preferably, the pulse power supply output signal u 0( t ), the fault cable echo signal u b ( t ) and the same path fault-free cable echo signal u 1( t ) Perform Fourier transform on the three time domain signals to obtain the corresponding frequency domain signals u 0( f )、 ub ( f )、 u 1( f ), also includes: Output the pulse power supply as a time domain signal u 0( t ) corresponds to time 0 and the pulse echo signal in the cable on the same path as the faulty cable is u 1( t ) corresponds to the time d ; Through u 0( t )and u 1( t ) to perform Fourier transform to obtain the corresponding frequency domain signals u 0( f , 0) and u 1( f , d ).

[0013] As a preference, according to u 0( f )、 u 1( f ) with the same path without fault cable echo time d , calculate the attenuation coefficient of the pulse signal propagating inside the cable α ( f ),include: according to u 0( f , 0) and u 1( f , d ) to find the attenuation coefficient α ( f ), the calculation formula is: .

[0014] Preferably, according to the attenuation coefficient α ( f ), calculate the different receiving times of the unit signal transmitted to the cable z n Signal attenuation frequency domain transfer function g ( f, z n ),include: In the frequency domain, z The attenuation transfer function of the echo signal received at this time is: .

[0015] Preferably, the frequency domain transfer function g ( f, zn ) to perform inverse Fourier transform to obtain the time domain transfer function at different positions g ( t, z n ); Calculate the transfer function matrix containing different positions G ( t, z ),include: The frequency domain attenuation transfer function is converted into a time domain signal through inverse Fourier transformation, and the attenuation transfer functions of the echo signals received at different times are calculated in turn, and the transfer function matrix of the signal attenuation is calculated; wherein, the transfer function matrix expression is: .

[0016] As a preference, the fault cable echo signal u b ( t ) and the transfer function matrix G ( t, z ) to perform matrix operations to obtain the reconstructed signal u b0 ( t ),include: According to the measured fault cable echo signal u b ( t ) and the transfer function moment of signal attenuation G ( t , z )Reconstruct the echo signal into u b0 ( t ), the calculation formula is: In the formula, u b0 and u b 1 to n in brackets are time coordinate points representing the abscissa of the waveform.

[0017] As a preference, the fault cable echo signal u b ( t ) and the transfer function matrix G ( t, z ) to perform matrix operations to obtain the reconstructed signal u b0 ( t ) and also include: The attenuated signal of the echo of the wiring harness cable fault u b ( t ), restored to the ideal echo data without attenuation ub0 ( t ); Among them, for the recovery signal, take u 0( t )and u b0 ( t The time difference T corresponding to half the maximum value of the waveform can be multiplied by the speed of the traveling wave to determine the location of the fault point.

[0018] In order to achieve the above objective, according to another aspect of the present application, an echo signal reconstruction system for cable fault location is provided.

[0019] The echo signal reconstruction system for cable fault location according to the present application includes: An acquisition module, used for acquiring a measured pulse signal; A fitting module is used to fit the pulse signal using a preset algorithm to obtain a pulse power supply output signal u 0( t )、Fault cable echo signal u b ( t ) and the same path fault-free cable echo signal u 1( t ); Fourier transform module, used for the pulse power output signal u 0( t ), the fault cable echo signal u b ( t ) and the same path fault-free cable echo signal u 1( t ) Perform Fourier transform on the three time domain signals to obtain the corresponding frequency domain signals u 0( f )、 u b ( f )、 u 1( f ); The first calculation module is used to u 0( f )、 u 1( f ) with the same path without fault cable echo time d , calculate the attenuation coefficient of the pulse signal propagating inside the cable α ( f ); The second calculation module is used to calculate the attenuation coefficient α ( f ), calculate the different receiving times of the unit signal transmitted to the cablez n Signal attenuation frequency domain transfer function g ( f, z n ); Inverse Fourier transform module is used to transform the frequency domain transfer function g ( f, z n ) to perform inverse Fourier transform to obtain the time domain transfer function at different positions g ( t, z n ); The third calculation module is used to calculate the transfer function matrix containing different positions G ( t, z ); A matrix operation module is used to transform the fault cable echo signal u b ( t ) and the transfer function matrix G ( t, z ) to perform matrix operations to obtain the reconstructed signal u b0 ( t ).

[0020] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, according to another aspect of the present application, an electronic device is provided, which includes: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, and the computer program is executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can execute the echo signal reconstruction method for cable fault location described in any one of the present invention.

[0021] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, according to another aspect of the present application, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, in which computer instructions are stored, and the computer instructions are used to enable a processor to implement the echo signal reconstruction method for cable fault location described in any one of the present invention when executed.

[0022] Beneficial effect: In the embodiment of the present application, the fault point echo signal is reconstructed by obtaining the measured pulse signal; the pulse signal is fitted by a preset algorithm to obtain the pulse power supply output signal u 0( t )、Fault cable echo signal u b ( t ) and the same path fault-free cable echo signal u 1( t ); output signal to the pulse power supply u0( t ), the fault cable echo signal u b ( t ) and the same path fault-free cable echo signal u 1( t ) Perform Fourier transform on the three time domain signals to obtain the corresponding frequency domain signals u 0( f )、 u b ( f )、 u 1( f );according to u 0( f )、 u 1( f ) with the same path without fault cable echo time d , calculate the attenuation coefficient of the pulse signal propagating inside the cable α ( f ); according to the attenuation coefficient α ( f ), calculate the different receiving times of the unit signal transmitted to the cable z n Signal attenuation frequency domain transfer function g ( f, z n ); for the frequency domain transfer function g ( f, z n ) to perform inverse Fourier transform to obtain the time domain transfer function at different positions g ( t, z n ); Calculate the transfer function matrix containing different positions G ( t, z ); The fault cable echo signal u b ( t ) and the transfer function matrix G ( t, z ) to perform matrix operations to obtain the reconstructed signal u b0 ( t), the purpose of matrix operation of the fault cable echo signal and the transfer matrix is ​​achieved, thereby realizing the technical effect of reconstructing the fault point echo signal and restoring the unattenuated ideal echo data, and then solving the problem that the traditional traveling wave method is mainly used for long-distance cable (several kilometers to tens of kilometers) fault detection, while the cable length of rail trains is relatively short (tens of meters). In order to achieve precise positioning on short-distance cables, the traveling wave method needs to be upgraded accordingly; specifically, it is necessary to improve the pulse width accuracy, usually requiring it to reach a level of several nanoseconds to more than ten nanoseconds to ensure the accuracy of positioning; at the same time, because the wiring harness cable of rail trains is usually multiple cables bundled together, this structure leads to mutual inductance between cables, affecting the propagation of pulse signals and the quality of echo signals, and the technical problem that the high-frequency signal of ns-level narrow pulses is severely attenuated in the multi-cable bundling structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 is a flow chart of an echo signal reconstruction method for cable fault location according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of an echo signal reconstruction system for cable fault location according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a measuring device of an echo signal reconstruction system for cable fault location according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram comparing a measured signal and a reply signal according to an echo signal reconstruction method for cable fault location according to an embodiment of the present application; and Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of an electronic device of an echo signal reconstruction method for cable fault location according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0025] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequential order. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described here. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0026] In addition, the terms "installed", "set", "provided with", "connected", "connected", and "socketed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be an internal connection between two devices, elements, or components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0027] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0028] In order to better understand this application, the following explanation is given: At present, there are several main methods for locating cable faults, including time domain reflectometry (TDR), frequency domain reflectometry (FDR), and traveling wave method. ① The time domain reflectometry determines the location of the fault point by measuring the time difference of the signal reflection in the cable, and is applicable to various types of cable faults. This method can accurately detect breakpoints and short-circuit points in the cable, but for applications in complex environments, it may be affected by signal attenuation and interference. ② The frequency domain reflectometry locates faults by analyzing the frequency characteristics of the reflected signal in the cable, and is often used for cable detection in complex networks. This method has unique advantages in analyzing the frequency response characteristics of the cable, but for applications that require rapid location of the fault point, its real-time performance may not be as good as the time domain reflectometry. ③ The traveling wave method uses electromagnetic waves propagating in the cable to locate faults, and is applicable to long-distance cables. Due to its significant effect on fault location of long-distance cables, it is widely used in the detection of high-voltage power cables. However, for the shorter cables used in rail trains, its effect is not ideal, and when facing the multi-beam cable structure of rail trains, the quality and accuracy of the echo signal are easily affected.

[0029] The length of rail train cables is relatively short (tens of meters), and the existing traveling wave method was originally designed for long-distance power cables (several kilometers to tens of kilometers). Therefore, extremely high pulse width accuracy is required to ensure accurate positioning, usually reaching several nanoseconds to more than ten nanoseconds. The dual factors of nanosecond narrow pulse signals and harness cables for rail trains will cause the existing methods to face the following technical problems. ① The cables of rail trains are usually multiple cables bundled together to form a harness. This structure causes mutual inductance between cables, affecting the propagation of pulse signals and the quality of echo signals. ② When ns-level narrow pulses propagate in the rail train harness, the echo signal will be significantly distorted due to the severe attenuation of high-frequency signals in the multi-cable bundling structure, resulting in an increase in pulse width, a slowdown in the signal rise, and more obvious distortion of the echo signal. ③ As the distance between the cable fault point and the injection signal source increases, the echo signal attenuates more seriously. ④ The cable fault location distance is essentially the time difference between the time when the pulse voltage is injected into the cable and the time when the echo signal is detected. Since the cable used by the rail train is only tens of meters, when the echo signal changes from a few ns to tens of ns, there will be an error of 3-10 meters in the fault location, which will seriously affect the measurement accuracy of the rail train. Therefore, it is urgent to explore an echo signal reconstruction method that can adapt to the structural characteristics of the rail train cable to improve the accuracy and reliability of fault location.

[0030] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method for reconstructing an echo signal for locating a cable fault is provided. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes the following steps S0 to S7: Step S0, obtaining a measured pulse signal; By collecting and obtaining the measured pulse signals, accurate data collection can be achieved, thus providing a data basis for subsequent calculations.

[0031] Specifically, Figure 3 As shown, the measuring device includes but is not limited to: a pulse power supply 1, a signal acquisition unit 2, a wiring harness to be tested 3, and a host computer data analysis device 4. The pulse power supply 1 is a device used to generate an input signal and inject a short-time high-frequency pulse signal into the cable; the characteristics of the pulse source include: high-frequency narrow pulse output: it can generate a high-frequency pulse with a narrow width to generate a clear echo signal. Adjustable output: the output frequency and amplitude can be adjusted to adapt to cables of different lengths and types.

[0032] The signal acquisition unit 2 is used to capture the echo signal sent by the pulse power supply 1 and passed through the wiring harness, including: a high-speed data acquisition module: capable of collecting pulse signals at a higher sampling rate (such as hundreds of MHz to GHz) to ensure accurate capture of the signal.

[0033] Analog-to-digital converter: Converts the collected analog signal into a digital signal for subsequent processing.

[0034] The wiring harness 3 to be tested is a cable that needs to be tested. A pulse signal is transmitted in the cable, and any fault (such as an open circuit, a short circuit, or insulation damage) will affect the characteristics of the echo signal.

[0035] Fault type and location: Different types and locations of fault points will show different waveform characteristics in the echo signal.

[0036] The host computer data analysis device 4 is responsible for receiving the data sent by the signal acquisition unit and analyzing it to detect and locate the cable fault point. Its main functions include: Data transmission interface: usually USB, Ethernet or special communication interface is used to transfer the data of the signal acquisition unit to the computer.

[0037] Signal processing and analysis software: Fourier transform: Convert time domain signals into frequency domain signals to facilitate analysis of attenuation characteristics and fault echoes.

[0038] Signal fitting and reconstruction: For example, fitting the acquired signal using a double exponential function or restoring the signal through an attenuated transfer function matrix.

[0039] Fault location algorithm: Determine the location of the fault point by calculating the propagation time difference of the pulse signal and combining it with the traveling wave velocity.

[0040] The workflow of the entire system is as follows: Pulse injection: The pulse power supply sends one or more pulse signals to the cable under test.

[0041] Signal propagation and echo: When a pulse signal propagates in the cable, an echo signal will be generated when it encounters a fault.

[0042] Signal acquisition: The signal acquisition unit captures the pulse signal and echo signal after passing through the cable.

[0043] Signal analysis: The host computer analysis software performs time domain and frequency domain analysis on the collected signals, and locates the fault point by calculating the attenuation coefficient, propagation time difference and signal reconstruction.

[0044] Step S1: Fit the pulse signal using a preset algorithm to obtain a pulse power supply output signal u 0( t )、Fault cable echo signal u b ( t ) and the same path fault-free cable echo signal u 1( t ); By using the double exponential function fitting method, the attenuation characteristics of the three signals can be obtained, and the fitting parameters U 1. U2. τ 1. τ 2 Quantitatively describing the attenuation process of the signal in the cable helps to further analyze the fault diagnosis and signal transmission characteristics of the cable.

[0045] According to an embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the pulse signal is fitted using a preset algorithm to obtain a pulse power supply output signal u 0( t )、Fault cable echo signal u b ( t ) and the same path fault-free cable echo signal u 1( t )include: The collected pulse signal is fitted using a double exponential function to obtain the pulse power supply output signal. u 0( t )、Fault cable echo signal u b ( t ), the same path fault-free cable echo signal u 1( t ); Wherein, the expression of the double exponential function is: In the formula, U 1. U 2. τ 1. τ 2 are the fitting parameters of the double exponential function.

[0046] It should be noted that the acquired pulse signal satisfies the time variation rule of the double exponential function.

[0047] Step S2: outputting a signal to the pulse power supply u 0( t ), the fault cable echo signal u b ( t ) and the same path fault-free cable echo signal u 1( t ) Perform Fourier transform on the three time domain signals to obtain the corresponding frequency domain signals u 0( f )、 u b ( f )、 u 1( f ); It can further analyze the attenuation or distortion during signal propagation.

[0048] According to an embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the pulse power supply output signal u 0( t ), the fault cable echo signal u b ( t ) and the same path fault-free cable echo signal u 1( t ) Perform Fourier transform on the three time domain signals to obtain the corresponding frequency domain signals u 0( f )、 u b ( f )、 u 1( f )include: Establish frequency f and propagation time x Pulse signal attenuation model; Wherein, the pulse signal attenuation model expression is: ; In the formula, f is the frequency, x is the propagation time, u ( f , x ) is the time x The frequency domain signal corresponding to the echo signal is g ( f , x ) is the transfer function of signal attenuation, α ( f ) is the attenuation coefficient.

[0049] It should be noted that there is obvious attenuation when the traveling wave propagates inside the actual harness cable, and the pulse signal injected into the cable u 0( t ), the higher the equivalent frequency, the more obvious the attenuation of the returned echo signal; and the longer the cable fault location (that is, the longer the traveling wave propagation distance and the longer the propagation time), the more obvious the signal attenuation.

[0050] According to an embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the pulse power supply output signal u 0( t ), the fault cable echo signal u b ( t ) and the same path fault-free cable echo signal u 1( t ) Perform Fourier transform on the three time domain signals to obtain the corresponding frequency domain signals u 0( f )、 ub ( f )、 u 1( f ), also includes: The pulse power output time domain signal u 0( t ) corresponds to time 0 and the pulse echo signal in the cable on the same path as the faulty cable is u 1( t ) corresponds to the time d ; Through u 0( t )and u 1( t ) to perform Fourier transform to obtain the corresponding frequency domain signals u 0( f , 0) and u 1( f , d ).

[0051] Step S3: u 0( f )、 u 1( f ) with the same path without fault cable echo time d , calculate the attenuation coefficient of the pulse signal propagating inside the cable α ( f ); According to an embodiment of the present invention, preferably, according to u 0( f )、 u 1( f ) with the same path without fault cable echo time d , calculate the attenuation coefficient of the pulse signal propagating inside the cable α ( f )include: according to u 0( f , 0) and u 1( f , d ) to find the attenuation coefficient α ( f ), the calculation formula is: .

[0052] It is important to know that the attenuation coefficient α ( f ) describes the attenuation of the signal as it propagates over distance in the cable. By comparing the pulse signal at the source u 0( f , 0) and the echo signal after propagating to a certain distanceu 1( f , d ) intensity change, the attenuation coefficient can be obtained, which reflects the cable's signal loss.

[0053] Step S4: according to the attenuation coefficient α ( f ), calculate the different receiving times of the unit signal transmitted to the cable z n Signal attenuation frequency domain transfer function g ( f, z n ); According to an embodiment of the present invention, preferably, according to the attenuation coefficient α ( f ), calculate the different receiving times of the unit signal transmitted to the cable z n Signal attenuation frequency domain transfer function g ( f, z n )include: In the frequency domain, z The attenuation transfer function of the echo signal received at this time is: .

[0054] It is important to know that as the signal propagates in the cable, z As the value increases, it decreases exponentially; Attenuation coefficient α ( f ) changes with frequency, indicating the attenuation characteristics of the signal at different frequencies.

[0055] Step S5: frequency domain transfer function g ( f, z n ) to perform inverse Fourier transform to obtain the time domain transfer function at different positions g ( t, z n ); Step S6: Calculate the transfer function matrix containing different positions G ( t, z ); According to an embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the frequency domain transfer function g ( f, z n ) to perform inverse Fourier transform to obtain the time domain transfer function at different positions g ( t, z n ); Calculate the transfer function matrix containing different positions G ( t, z )include: The frequency domain attenuation transfer function is converted into a time domain signal through inverse Fourier transformation, and the attenuation transfer functions of the echo signals received at different times are calculated in turn, and the transfer function matrix of the signal attenuation is calculated; wherein, the transfer function matrix expression is: .

[0056] Step S7: The fault cable echo signal u b ( t ) and the transfer function matrix G ( t, z ) to perform matrix operations to obtain the reconstructed signal u b0 ( t ).

[0057] According to an embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the fault cable echo signal u b ( t ) and the transfer function matrix G ( t, z ) to perform matrix operations to obtain the reconstructed signal u b0 ( t )include: According to the measured fault cable echo signal u b ( t ) and the transfer function moment of signal attenuation G ( t , z )Reconstruct the echo signal into u b0 ( t ), the calculation formula is: In the formula, u b0 and u b 1 to n in brackets are time coordinate points representing the abscissa of the waveform.

[0058] like Figure 4 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the fault cable echo signal u b ( t ) and the transfer function matrix G ( t, z ) to perform matrix operations to obtain the reconstructed signal u b0 ( t ) and also include: The attenuated signal of the echo of the wiring harness cable fault u b ( t ), restored to the ideal echo data without attenuation u b0 ( t ); Among them, for the recovery signal, take u 0( t )and u b0 ( t The time difference T corresponding to half the maximum value of the waveform can be multiplied by the speed of the traveling wave to determine the location of the fault point.

[0059] Specifically, the unattenuated ideal echo data is restored u b0 ( t ) through the attenuation transfer function matrix G ( t , z ) and the measured fault echo signal u b ( t ), restore the unattenuated ideal echo signal u b0 ( t ). The specific process is: After this step, we get u b0 ( t ) is the recovered unattenuated signal.

[0060] Get the output signal of the cable pulse power supply u 0( t ) and the restored ideal echo signal u b0 ( t ).

[0061] For the recovery signal u b0 ( t ) Need to determine the pulse source signal u 0( t ) and restore signal u b0 ( t ) The time corresponding to half of the maximum value of the waveform. The specific process is as follows: Find the pulse source signal u 0( t )’s maximum value A0, and then take its half value A0 / 2.

[0062] Find the recovery signal u b0( t ) has the maximum value A b , and take half of the value A b / 2.

[0063] Determine separately u 0( t )and u b0 ( t ) at the time point of half peak, denoted as t0 and t b .

[0064] The time difference T is: T=t b −t0 Multiply by the speed of the traveling wave If the speed of the traveling wave v in the cable is known, the distance d from the fault point to the starting point of the cable can be calculated using the time difference T: d=T*v / 2 The time difference T represents the round trip time of the signal, so the actual distance needs to be divided by 2.

[0065] By calculating the distance d, the specific location of the fault point in the cable can be determined. This method uses the time difference of the echo signal and the wave velocity of the traveling wave to accurately locate the fault point of the cable.

[0066] The present invention proposes an echo signal reconstruction method for locating rail train harness cable faults. Aiming at the positioning error problem caused by cable mutual inductance, signal attenuation and external electromagnetic interference in rail train cable fault positioning, the echo signal processing algorithm and technical means are optimized to reconstruct a clearer and more accurate echo signal, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of fault point positioning, ensuring the accuracy of cable fault detection, and guaranteeing the safety and efficiency of rail train operation.

[0067] From the above description, it can be seen that the present application achieves the following technical effects: In the embodiment of the present application, the fault point echo signal is reconstructed by obtaining the measured pulse signal; the pulse signal is fitted using a preset algorithm to obtain the pulse power supply output signal. u 0( t )、Fault cable echo signal u b ( t ) and the same path fault-free cable echo signal u 1( t ); output signal to the pulse power supply u 0( t ), the fault cable echo signal u b ( t ) and the same path fault-free cable echo signal u 1(t ) Perform Fourier transform on the three time domain signals to obtain the corresponding frequency domain signals u 0( f )、 u b ( f )、 u 1( f );according to u 0( f )、 u 1( f ) with the same path without fault cable echo time d , calculate the attenuation coefficient of the pulse signal propagating inside the cable α ( f ); according to the attenuation coefficient α ( f ), calculate the different receiving times of the unit signal transmitted to the cable z n Signal attenuation frequency domain transfer function g ( f, z n ); for the frequency domain transfer function g ( f, z n ) to perform inverse Fourier transform to obtain the time domain transfer function at different positions g ( t, z n ); Calculate the transfer function matrix containing different positions G ( t, z ); The fault cable echo signal u b ( t ) and the transfer function matrix G ( t, z ) to perform matrix operations to obtain the reconstructed signal u b0 ( t ), the purpose of matrix operation of the fault cable echo signal and the transfer matrix is ​​achieved, thereby realizing the technical effect of reconstructing the fault point echo signal and restoring the unattenuated ideal echo data, and then solving the problem that the traditional traveling wave method is mainly used for long-distance cable (several kilometers to tens of kilometers) fault detection, while the cable length of rail trains is relatively short (tens of meters). In order to achieve precise positioning on short-distance cables, the traveling wave method needs to be upgraded accordingly; specifically, it is necessary to improve the pulse width accuracy, usually requiring it to reach a level of several nanoseconds to more than ten nanoseconds to ensure the accuracy of positioning; at the same time, because the wiring harness cable of rail trains is usually multiple cables bundled together, this structure leads to mutual inductance between cables, affecting the propagation of pulse signals and the quality of echo signals, and the technical problem that the high-frequency signal of ns-level narrow pulses is severely attenuated in the multi-cable bundling structure.

[0068] The present invention also has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention improves the accuracy and reliability of fault point positioning by optimizing the echo signal processing algorithm and technical means.

[0069] 2. The present invention uses a double exponential function to fit the collected signal to obtain analytical expressions of the pulse power supply output signal, the faulty cable echo signal and the fault-free cable echo signal on the same path.

[0070] 3. The present invention obtains the attenuation coefficient of the pulse signal propagating inside the cable by calculating the echo signal of the fault-free cable in the equivalent path, and establishes a signal transfer matrix based on the attenuation coefficient. The fault cable echo signal and the transfer matrix are subjected to matrix operation to obtain a reconstructed signal, thereby effectively reconstructing the fault point echo signal, restoring the unattenuated ideal echo data, and improving the accuracy of fault point positioning.

[0071] 4. Different from other technologies that mainly target coaxial structure cables, the present invention mainly targets the attenuation verification problem of train wiring harness cables.

[0072] 5. By performing matrix operations on the fault cable echo signal and the transfer matrix, the fault point echo signal can be effectively reconstructed and the unattenuated ideal echo data can be restored, significantly improving the positioning accuracy.

[0073] 6. The collected signal is fitted using a double exponential function and the signal transfer matrix is ​​established in combination with the attenuation coefficient, making the reconstruction of the fault signal more reliable and reducing the error.

[0074] 7. The present invention is not only applicable to rail train wiring harness cables, but can also be extended and applied to other similar wiring harness cable fault location scenarios, thereby improving the versatility and practicality of the method.

[0075] The present application also relates to another aspect, providing an echo signal reconstruction system for cable fault location. Figure 2 As shown, the echo signal reconstruction system for cable fault location includes: An acquisition module 201 is used to acquire a measured pulse signal; The fitting module 202 is used to fit the pulse signal using a preset algorithm to obtain a pulse power supply output signal. u 0( t )、Fault cable echo signal u b ( t ) and the same path fault-free cable echo signal u 1( t ); Fourier transform module 203, used to transform the pulse power output signalu 0( t ), the fault cable echo signal u b ( t ) and the same path fault-free cable echo signal u 1( t ) Perform Fourier transform on the three time domain signals to obtain the corresponding frequency domain signals u 0( f )、 u b ( f )、 u 1( f ); The first calculation module 204 is used to calculate the u 0( f )、 u 1( f ) with the same path without fault cable echo time d , calculate the attenuation coefficient of the pulse signal propagating inside the cable α ( f ); The second calculation module 205 is used to calculate the attenuation coefficient according to the α ( f ), calculate the different receiving times of the unit signal transmitted to the cable z n Signal attenuation frequency domain transfer function g ( f, z n ); Inverse Fourier transform module 206 is used to transform the frequency domain transfer function g ( f, z n ) to perform inverse Fourier transform to obtain the time domain transfer function at different positions g ( t, z n ); The third calculation module 207 is used to calculate the transfer function matrix containing different positions G ( t, z ); Matrix operation module 208, used to transform the fault cable echo signal u b ( t ) and the transfer function matrix G ( t， z ) to perform matrix operations to obtain the reconstructed signal u b0 ( t ).

[0076] From the above description, it can be seen that the present application achieves the following technical effects: In the embodiment of the present application, the fault point echo signal is reconstructed by obtaining the measured pulse signal; the pulse signal is fitted using a preset algorithm to obtain the pulse power supply output signal. u 0( t )、Fault cable echo signal u b ( t ) and the same path fault-free cable echo signal u 1( t ); output signal to the pulse power supply u 0( t ), the fault cable echo signal u b ( t ) and the same path fault-free cable echo signal u 1( t ) Perform Fourier transform on the three time domain signals to obtain the corresponding frequency domain signals u 0( f )、 u b ( f )、 u 1( f );according to u 0( f )、 u 1( f ) with the same path without fault cable echo time d , calculate the attenuation coefficient of the pulse signal propagating inside the cable α ( f ); according to the attenuation coefficient α ( f ), calculate the different receiving times of the unit signal transmitted to the cable z n Signal attenuation frequency domain transfer function g ( f, z n ); for the frequency domain transfer function g ( f, z n ) to perform inverse Fourier transform to obtain the time domain transfer function at different positions g ( t, z n ); Calculate the transfer function matrix containing different positions G ( t, z ); The fault cable echo signal u b ( t ) and the transfer function matrix G (t, z ) to perform matrix operations to obtain the reconstructed signal u b0 ( t ), the purpose of matrix operation of the fault cable echo signal and the transfer matrix is ​​achieved, thereby realizing the technical effect of reconstructing the fault point echo signal and restoring the unattenuated ideal echo data, and then solving the problem that the traditional traveling wave method is mainly used for long-distance cable (several kilometers to tens of kilometers) fault detection, while the cable length of rail trains is relatively short (tens of meters). In order to achieve precise positioning on short-distance cables, the traveling wave method needs to be upgraded accordingly; specifically, it is necessary to improve the pulse width accuracy, usually requiring it to reach a level of several nanoseconds to more than ten nanoseconds to ensure the accuracy of positioning; at the same time, because the wiring harness cable of rail trains is usually multiple cables bundled together, this structure leads to mutual inductance between cables, affecting the propagation of pulse signals and the quality of echo signals, and the technical problem that the high-frequency signal of ns-level narrow pulses is severely attenuated in the multi-cable bundling structure.

[0077] like Figure 5 As shown, the electronic device 10 includes at least one processor 11, and a memory connected to the at least one processor 11, such as a read-only memory (ROM) 12, a random access memory (RAM) 13, etc., wherein the memory stores a computer program that can be executed by at least one processor, and the processor 11 can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to the computer program stored in the read-only memory (ROM) 12 or the computer program loaded from the storage unit 18 to the random access memory (RAM) 13. In the RAM 13, various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device 10 can also be stored. The processor 11, ROM 12 and RAM 13 are connected to each other through a bus 14. The input / output (I / 0) interface 15 is also connected to the bus 14.

[0078] A number of components in the electronic device 10 are connected to the I / O interface 15, including: an input unit 16, such as a keyboard, a mouse, etc.; an output unit 17, such as various types of displays, speakers, etc.; a storage unit 18, such as a disk, an optical disk, etc.; and a communication unit 19, such as a network card, a modem, a wireless communication transceiver, etc. The communication unit 19 allows the electronic device 10 to exchange information / data with other devices through a computer network such as the Internet and / or various telecommunication networks.

[0079] The processor 11 may be a variety of general and / or special processing components with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of the processor 11 include, but are not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), various special artificial intelligence (AI) computing chips, various processors running machine learning model algorithms, a digital signal processor (DSP), and any appropriate processor, controller, microcontroller, etc. The processor 11 executes the various methods and processes described above, such as an echo signal reconstruction method for cable fault location.

[0080] In some embodiments, the echo signal reconstruction method for cable fault location can be implemented as a computer program, which is tangibly contained in a computer-readable storage medium, such as a storage unit 18. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program can be loaded and / or installed on the electronic device 10 via the ROM 12 and / or the communication unit 19. When the computer program is loaded into the RAM 13 and executed by the processor 11, one or more steps of the echo signal reconstruction method for cable fault location described above can be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the processor 11 can be configured to execute the echo signal reconstruction method for cable fault location in any other appropriate manner (for example, by means of firmware).

[0081] Various implementations of the systems and techniques described above herein can be implemented in digital electronic circuit systems, integrated circuit systems, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application specific standard products (ASSPs), systems on chips (SOCs), load programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various implementations can include: being implemented in one or more computer programs that can be executed and / or interpreted on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which can be a special purpose or general purpose programmable processor that can receive data and instructions from a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device, and transmit data and instructions to the storage system, the at least one input device, and the at least one output device.

[0082] Computer programs for implementing the methods of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These computer programs may be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, so that when the computer program is executed by the processor, the functions / operations specified in the flow chart and / or block diagram are implemented. The computer program may be executed entirely on the machine, partially on the machine, partially on the machine and partially on a remote machine as a stand-alone software package, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0083] In the context of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium may be a tangible medium that may contain or store a computer program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, device, or equipment. A computer-readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, devices, or equipment, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. Alternatively, a computer-readable storage medium may be a machine-readable signal medium. A more specific example of a machine-readable storage medium may include an electrical connection based on one or more lines, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0084] To provide interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described herein may be implemented on an electronic device having: a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to the user; and a keyboard and a pointing device (e.g., a mouse or trackball) through which the user can provide input to the electronic device. Other types of devices may also be used to provide interaction with the user; for example, the feedback provided to the user may be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user may be received in any form (including acoustic input, voice input, or tactile input).

[0085] The systems and techniques described herein may be implemented in a computing system that includes a backend component (e.g., as a data server), or a computing system that includes a middleware component (e.g., an application server), or a computing system that includes a frontend component (e.g., a user computer with a graphical user interface or a web browser through which a user can interact with an implementation of the systems and techniques described herein), or a computing system that includes any combination of such backend components, middleware components, or frontend components. The components of the system may be interconnected by digital data communication of any form or medium (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include: a local area network (LA), a wide area network (WA), a blockchain network, and the Internet.

[0086] A computing system may include a client and a server. The client and the server are generally remote from each other and usually interact through a communication network. The client and server relationship is generated by computer programs running on the corresponding computers and having a client-server relationship with each other. The server may be a cloud server, also known as a cloud computing server or cloud host, which is a host product in the cloud computing service system to solve the defects of difficult management and weak business scalability in traditional physical hosts and VPS services.

[0087] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used to reorder, add or delete steps. For example, the steps described in the present invention can be executed in parallel, sequentially or in different orders, as long as the desired results of the technical solution of the present invention can be achieved, and this document does not limit this.

[0088] The above specific implementations do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An echo signal reconstruction method for cable fault location, characterized in that: include: Acquire a measured pulse signal; The pulse signal is fitted using a preset algorithm to obtain a pulse power supply output signal u 0( t )、Fault cable echo signal u b ( t ) and the same path fault-free cable echo signal u 1( t ); The pulse power output signal u 0( t ), the fault cable echo signal u b ( t ) and the same path fault-free cable echo signal u 1( t ) Perform Fourier transform on the three time domain signals to obtain the corresponding frequency domain signals u 0( f )、 u b ( f )、 u 1( f ); according to u 0( f )、 u 1( f ) with the same path without fault cable echo time d , calculate the attenuation coefficient of the pulse signal propagating inside the cable α ( f ); According to the attenuation coefficient α ( f ), calculate the different receiving times of the unit signal transmitted to the cable z n Signal attenuation frequency domain transfer function g ( f,z n ); The frequency domain transfer function g ( f,z n ) to perform inverse Fourier transform to obtain the time domain transfer function at different positions g ( t， z n ); Calculate the transfer function matrix containing different positions G ( t, z ); The fault cable echo signal u b ( t ) and the transfer function matrix G ( t, z ) to perform matrix operations to obtain the reconstructed signal u b0 ( t ).

2. The echo signal reconstruction method for cable fault location according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pulse signal is fitted using a preset algorithm to obtain a pulse power supply output signal u 0( t )、Fault cable echo signal u b ( t ) and the same path fault-free cable echo signal u 1( t ), include: The collected pulse signal is fitted using a double exponential function to obtain the pulse power supply output signal. u 0( t )、Fault cable echo signal u b ( t ), the same path without fault cable echo signal u 1( t ); Wherein, the expression of the double exponential function is: In the formula, U 1. U 2. τ 1. τ 2 are the fitting parameters of the double exponential function.

3. The echo signal reconstruction method for cable fault location according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pulse power output signal u 0( t ), the fault cable echo signal u b ( t ) and the same path fault-free cable echo signal u 1( t ) Perform Fourier transform on the three time domain signals to obtain the corresponding frequency domain signals u 0( f )、 u b ( f )、 u 1( f ), include: Establish frequency f and propagation time x Pulse signal attenuation model; Wherein, the pulse signal attenuation model expression is: ； In the formula, f is the frequency, x is the propagation time, u ( f , x ) is the time x The frequency domain signal corresponding to the echo signal is g ( f , x ) is the transfer function of signal attenuation, α ( f ) is the attenuation coefficient.

4. The echo signal reconstruction method for cable fault location according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pulse power output signal u 0( t ), the fault cable echo signal u b ( t ) and the same path fault-free cable echo signal u 1( t ) Perform Fourier transform on the three time domain signals to obtain the corresponding frequency domain signals u 0( f )、 u b ( f )、 u 1( f ), also includes: The pulse power output time domain signal u 0( t ) corresponds to time 0 and the pulse echo signal in the cable on the same path as the faulty cable is u 1( t ) corresponds to the time d ; Through u 0( t )and u 1( t ) to perform Fourier transform to obtain the corresponding frequency domain signals u 0( f , 0) and u 1( f , d ).

5. The echo signal reconstruction method for cable fault location according to claim 4, characterized in that: according to u 0( f )、 u 1( f ) with the same path without fault cable echo time d , calculate the attenuation coefficient of the pulse signal propagating inside the cable α ( f ),include: according to u 0( f , 0) and u 1( f , d ) to find the attenuation coefficient α ( f ), the calculation formula is: 。 6. The echo signal reconstruction method for cable fault location according to claim 5, characterized in that: According to the attenuation coefficient α ( f ), calculate the different receiving times of the unit signal transmitted to the cable z n Signal attenuation frequency domain transfer function g ( f,z n ),include: In the frequency domain, z The attenuation transfer function of the echo signal received at this time is: 。 7. The echo signal reconstruction method for cable fault location according to claim 6, characterized in that: The frequency domain transfer function g ( f,z n ) to perform inverse Fourier transform to obtain the time domain transfer function at different positions g ( t, z n ); Calculate the transfer function matrix containing different positions G ( t, z ),include: The frequency domain attenuation transfer function is converted into a time domain signal through inverse Fourier transformation, and the attenuation transfer functions of the echo signals received at different times are calculated in turn, and the transfer function matrix of the signal attenuation is calculated; wherein, the transfer function matrix expression is: 。 8. The echo signal reconstruction method for cable fault location according to claim 7, characterized in that: The fault cable echo signal u b ( t ) and the transfer function matrix G ( t, z ) to perform matrix operations to obtain the reconstructed signal u b0 ( t ),include: According to the measured fault cable echo signal u b ( t ) and the transfer function moment of signal attenuation G ( t , z )Reconstruct the echo signal into u b0 ( t ), the calculation formula is: In the formula, u b0 and u b 1 to n in brackets are time coordinate points representing the abscissa of the waveform.

9. The echo signal reconstruction method for cable fault location according to claim 8, characterized in that: The fault cable echo signal u b ( t ) and the transfer function matrix G ( t, z ) to perform matrix operations to obtain the reconstructed signal u b0 ( t ) and also include: The attenuated signal of the echo of the wiring harness cable fault u b ( t ), restored to the ideal echo data without attenuation u b0 ( t ); Among them, for the recovery signal, take u 0( t )and u b0 ( t The time difference T corresponding to half the maximum value of the waveform can be multiplied by the speed of the traveling wave to determine the location of the fault point.

10. An echo signal reconstruction system for cable fault location, characterized in that: include: An acquisition module, used for acquiring a measured pulse signal; A fitting module is used to fit the pulse signal using a preset algorithm to obtain a pulse power supply output signal u 0( t )、Fault cable echo signal u b ( t ) and the same path fault-free cable echo signal u 1( t ); Fourier transform module, used for the pulse power output signal u 0( t ), the fault cable echo signal u b ( t ) and the same path fault-free cable echo signal u 1( t ) Perform Fourier transform on the three time domain signals to obtain the corresponding frequency domain signals u 0( f )、 u b ( f )、 u 1( f ); The first calculation module is used to u 0( f )、 u 1( f ) with the same path without fault cable echo time d , calculate the attenuation coefficient of the pulse signal propagating inside the cable α ( f ); The second calculation module is used to calculate the attenuation coefficient α ( f ), calculate the different receiving times of the unit signal transmitted to the cable z n Signal attenuation frequency domain transfer function g ( f,z n ); Inverse Fourier transform module is used to transform the frequency domain transfer function g ( f,z n ) to perform inverse Fourier transform to obtain the time domain transfer function at different positions g ( t, z n ); The third calculation module is used to calculate the transfer function matrix containing different positions G ( t, z ); A matrix operation module is used to transform the fault cable echo signal u b ( t ) and the transfer function matrix G ( t, z ) to perform matrix operations to obtain the reconstructed signal u b0 ( t ).

11. An electronic device, characterized in that The electronic device comprises: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein, The memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, and the computer program is executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can execute the echo signal reconstruction method for cable fault location according to any one of claims 1-9.

12. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and the computer instructions are used to enable a processor to implement the echo signal reconstruction method for cable fault location according to any one of claims 1 to 9 when executed.

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