Tuning device and superconducting accelerator

Abstract

The invention provides a tuning device and a superconducting accelerator. The tuning device comprises an elastic piece, a fast tuning assembly and a connecting support. The fast tuning assembly comprises piezoelectric ceramics, a first mounting seat and a second mounting seat, and the first mounting seat is used for being fixedly connected with a liquid helium tank of the superconducting cavity; the connecting bracket is connected to the second mounting seat, and the connecting bracket is provided with an extrusion part acting on the beam port of the superconducting cavity in the first direction; wherein the first mounting base and the second mounting base are in sliding fit in the first direction, the piezoelectric ceramic is fixedly mounted between the first mounting base and the second mounting base, the first direction is consistent with the axial direction of the piezoelectric ceramic, and the two ends of the elastic piece transmit force to act on the first mounting base and the second mounting base respectively. And the distance between the first mounting seat and the second mounting seat is adaptively adjusted along with the change of the axial size of the piezoelectric ceramic. The tuning device is simple in mechanical structure and good in tuning precision and adjustment response speed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of accelerators, and in particular to a tuning device and a superconducting accelerator. Background Art

[0002] Superconducting accelerators have the advantages of low total energy consumption, good beam quality and stability, and high repetition frequency. They are currently one of the main development directions of accelerator technology in the world. Compared with room temperature cavities, superconducting cavities are affected by helium pressure fluctuations, Lorentz force effects, microphone effects, beams, and microphonics of surrounding equipment when working, and the resonant frequency of superconducting cavities will deviate from the operating frequency (frequency of the signal source). In order to maintain the stability of the accelerating cavity pressure, it is necessary to increase the incident power of the superconducting cavity. At this time, the reflected power will also increase, which will waste energy and cause damage to the transmitter. Therefore, each accelerating cavity is equipped with a tuning device and cooperates with the superconducting cavity tuning control loop to compensate and damp the influence of various noise factors inside and outside the superconducting cavity on its frequency, so as to maintain the constant acceleration field and stable operation of the beam. Superconducting cavity tuners are an important component of superconducting components. Most of the existing superconducting cavity tuners use squeezing to effectively change the cavity frequency. The frequency of the superconducting cavity will decrease when the beam port is squeezed, and the frequency will increase when the beam port is relaxed. The squeeze tuner will not have a significant impact on the high-order mode distribution in the cavity, nor will it cause the generation of new high-order modes, so it is a common tuning method.

[0003] Due to the high quality factor of the superconducting cavity, the frequency needs to be adjusted very finely. The existing tuning device is prone to failure and tuning lag due to the complex tuning mechanism, and cannot achieve the function of fast and real-time tuning of the superconducting cavity, thus affecting the acceleration effect of the cavity. The above problems are technical problems that need to be solved urgently in this field. Summary of the invention

[0004] The main technical problem solved by the present invention is how to provide a tuning device and a superconducting accelerator with simple mechanical structure, good tuning accuracy and adjustment response speed.

[0005] According to a first aspect, the present invention provides a tuning device for a superconducting cavity, the tuning device comprising: an elastic member;

[0006] A fast tuning component comprises a piezoelectric ceramic, a first mounting seat and a second mounting seat, wherein the first mounting seat is used for connecting and fixing with a liquid helium tank of a superconducting cavity;

[0007] and a connecting bracket connected to the second mounting seat, the connecting bracket having an extrusion portion acting on the beam port of the superconducting cavity in a first direction;

[0008] Among them, the first mounting seat and the second mounting seat are slidably matched along the first direction, the piezoelectric ceramic is fixedly installed between the first mounting seat and the second mounting seat, the first direction is consistent with the axial direction of the piezoelectric ceramic, and the two ends of the elastic member transmit force to the first mounting seat and the second mounting seat respectively, so as to make the distance between the first mounting seat and the second mounting seat adaptively adjusted as the axial size of the piezoelectric ceramic changes.

[0009] In an optional embodiment, a guide rod is provided on one of the first mounting seat and the second mounting seat, the first mounting seat and the second mounting seat are slidably matched through the guide rod, a locking nut is provided on the guide rod for locking the first mounting seat and the second mounting seat, and the elastic member is locked to the quick tuning assembly by the locking nut.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, the first mounting seat includes a first plate and a second plate that are arranged opposite to each other and spaced apart in a first direction, and a third plate connecting the first plate and the second plate, a guide rod connects the first plate, the second plate and the second mounting seat, and a guide hole for the guide rod to pass through is provided on the second plate; along the axial direction of the guide rod, the first plate, the second plate and the second mounting seat are arranged in sequence, and the second plate abuts against the second mounting seat;

[0011] The first plate is provided with a receiving groove abutting against one end of the piezoelectric ceramic, the second mounting seat is provided with a protrusion abutting against the other end of the piezoelectric ceramic, and the second plate is provided with a through hole for the protrusion to pass through.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, the number of the fast tuning components is two, and the second mounting bases of the two fast tuning components are respectively connected to opposite ends of the connecting bracket, so that the connecting bracket can translate as a whole along the first direction.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, the tuning device further includes a mechanical tuning component, the mechanical tuning component includes a driving mechanism and an actuator; the actuator includes a first part and a second part connected, the first part is connected to the second mounting seat, and the second part has a connecting portion; the connecting bracket is connected to the connecting portion, and the first direction is the axial direction of the superconducting cavity;

[0014] Among them, the first part and the second part are eccentrically arranged and rotatably matched, the output end of the driving mechanism is transmission-connected to the second part, and drives the second part to rotate around the first axis, the first axis, the axis of the connecting part and the central axis of the second part are all parallel to offset the displacement of the connecting part in the second direction, so that the connecting part and the extrusion part move only along the first direction relative to the first part, and the first direction, the second direction and the central axes of the second part are perpendicular to each other.

[0015] In an optional embodiment, the second part includes an eccentric shaft and a first bearing; the eccentric shaft includes a body section and two connecting sections connected to the axial ends of the body section, the two connecting sections are coaxially arranged, and the axis of the body section coincides with the central axis of the second part; the first bearing is sleeved on the body section; the connecting section constitutes a connecting portion and is connected to the connecting bracket;

[0016] The first part is a second bearing sleeved with the first bearing and eccentrically arranged, so that the second part as a whole is rotated and offset in the opposite direction to the displacement generated by the connecting section in the second direction.

[0017] In an optional embodiment, the driving mechanism includes a driving member, a swing arm and a ball screw pair driven by the driving member; one end of the swing arm is hinged to the nut of the ball screw pair, and the other end is transmission connected to the actuator to drive the connecting section to rotate and move along the first direction.

[0018] In an optional embodiment, the number of actuators, swing arms and fast tuning components is two; the actuator includes a first actuator and a second actuator spaced apart along a second direction; the two swing arms include a first swing arm and a second swing arm spaced apart along the second direction, the first swing arm is transmission-connected to the first actuator, the second swing arm is transmission-connected to the second actuator, the first actuator and the second actuator are respectively connected to two ends of the connecting bracket, and the first actuator and the second actuator are both driven by a driving mechanism; the extrusion portion is used to be connected and fixed to the beam port, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

[0019] In an optional embodiment, the mechanical tuning assembly further includes a fourth bearing and a synchronization assembly;

[0020] The axial direction of the screw of the ball screw pair is the second direction, and the fourth bearing is slidably matched with the screw of the ball screw pair; the first swing arm and the second swing arm are symmetrically arranged along the second direction, the first swing arm is hinged to the nut member of the ball screw pair, and the second swing arm is hinged to the fourth bearing;

[0021] The synchronization component includes a three-link mechanism, a first gear and a second gear; the two movable ends of the three-link mechanism are hinged to the connecting bracket to form a parallelogram linkage mechanism with the connecting bracket; the first gear is sleeved on the connecting section of the first actuator; the second gear is located between the three-link mechanism and the connecting bracket, and is sleeved on the first hinge shaft of the three-link mechanism close to the movable end of the first actuator and the connecting bracket, and the first gear is meshed with the second gear.

[0022] According to a second aspect, the present invention further provides a superconducting accelerator, comprising:

[0023] a superconducting cavity with a liquid helium tank and a beam port;

[0024] The above tuning device is connected to the liquid helium tank and acts on the beam port along a first direction.

[0025] According to a tuning device for a superconducting cavity according to the above-mentioned embodiment, the piezoelectric ceramic in the fast tuning component has the performance of changing its axial size in rapid response to voltage changes. The first mounting seat and the second mounting seat slide and cooperate along the first direction, and the elastic member transmits force at both ends of the axial direction to act on the first mounting seat and the second mounting seat, providing a pre-tightening force for the first mounting seat, the second mounting seat and the piezoelectric ceramic, so that the three are always kept in tension. By charging and disconnecting the piezoelectric ceramic or performing pressurization and decompression operations to change the axial size of the piezoelectric ceramic, the elastic member will be compressed or adaptively restored to stretch accordingly. Since the first mounting seat is fixedly connected to the liquid helium tank of the superconducting cavity, the position of the first mounting seat will not change, and finally the second mounting seat and the extrusion part will move relative to the superconducting cavity along the axial direction of the piezoelectric ceramic, so that the extrusion part squeezes or relaxes the beam port of the superconducting cavity, and then the working frequency of the superconducting cavity is adjusted accordingly. The fast tuning component has a simple structural connection method and simple power transmission. And because piezoelectric ceramics can respond quickly and their axial dimensions can change very finely, the displacement change of the extrusion portion relative to the beam port of the superconducting cavity can also reach a very fine level, thereby enabling the accuracy of the fast tuning component to reach a high level to meet the requirements of response speed and tuning accuracy, and realize the role of a fast and real-time superconducting cavity tuning body, thereby meeting the physical parameter requirements and ensuring the acceleration effect of the superconducting cavity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a tuning device provided in some embodiments of the present application.

[0027] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the tuning device from another perspective.

[0028] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a fast tuning component of a tuning device provided in some embodiments of the present application.

[0029] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Exploded diagram of the fast tuning components in Figure 1.

[0030] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the assembly of a fast tuning component and an actuator in a tuning device provided in some embodiments of the present application.

[0031] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Top view of the actuator in .

[0032] Figure 7 for Figure 6 AA section view of the actuator in.

[0033] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the assembly of a fast tuning component and a mechanical tuning component in a tuning device provided in some embodiments of the present application.

[0034] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of assembling a fast tuning component and a mechanical tuning component in a tuning device provided in some other embodiments of the present application.

[0035] Fig.10 for Fig. 9 Schematic diagram from another perspective.

[0036] Fig.11 An overall schematic diagram of a superconducting cavity and a tuning device of a superconducting accelerator provided in some embodiments of the present application.

[0037] Fig.12 A top view of a superconducting cavity and a tuning device of a superconducting accelerator provided in some embodiments of the present application.

[0038] Reference numerals: superconducting accelerator 1000, tuning device 100, fast tuning assembly 110, piezoelectric ceramic 111, first mounting seat 112, first plate 1121, second plate 1122, third plate 1123, receiving groove 1124, through hole 1125, second mounting seat 113, guide rod 114, locking nut 115, connecting seat 116, elastic member 120, actuator 10, first part 11, second part 12, connecting part 121, eccentric shaft 122, body section 123, connecting section 124, first bearing 125, the first actuator 13, the second actuator 14, the driving mechanism 20, the driving member 21, the swing arm 22, the first swing arm 221, the second swing arm 222, the ball screw pair 23, the screw 231, the nut member 232, the connecting bracket 30, the extrusion portion 31, the first bracket 32, the second bracket 33, the third bracket 34, the third bearing 40, the fourth bearing 50, the synchronization component 60, the three-link mechanism 61, the first gear 62, the second gear 63, the superconducting cavity 200, the liquid helium tank 210, and the beam port 220. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The present invention is further described in detail below by specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Wherein similar elements in different embodiments adopt associated similar element numbers. In the following embodiments, many detailed descriptions are for making the present application better understood. However, those skilled in the art can easily recognize that some features can be omitted in different situations, or can be replaced by other elements, materials, methods. In some cases, some operations related to the present application are not shown or described in the specification, this is to avoid the core part of the present application being overwhelmed by too much description, and for those skilled in the art, it is not necessary to describe these related operations in detail, and they can fully understand the related operations according to the description in the specification and the general technical knowledge in the art.

[0040] In addition, the features, operations or characteristics described in the specification can be combined in any appropriate manner to form various implementations. At the same time, the steps or actions in the method description can also be interchanged or adjusted in a manner that is obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the various sequences in the specification and the drawings are only for the purpose of clearly describing a certain embodiment and are not meant to be a required sequence, unless otherwise specified that a certain sequence must be followed.

[0041] The serial numbers of the components in this document, such as "first", "second", etc., are only used to distinguish the objects described and do not have any order or technical meaning. The "connection" and "coupling" mentioned in this application, unless otherwise specified, include direct and indirect connections (couplings).

[0042] In order to provide a tuning device 100 with a simple structure, timely tuning and high tuning accuracy, the present application improves the structure and transmission method of the tuning device 100. Figure 1 In the present application, the tuning device 100 includes an elastic member 120, a fast tuning component 110 and a connecting bracket 30. The fast tuning component 110 includes a piezoelectric ceramic 111, a first mounting seat 112 and a second mounting seat 113, wherein the first mounting seat 112 is used to be connected and fixed to the liquid helium tank 210 of the superconducting cavity 200. The connecting bracket 30 is connected to the second mounting seat 113, and the connecting bracket 30 has an extrusion portion 31 that acts on the superconducting cavity 200 in a first direction. Among them, the first mounting seat 112 and the second mounting seat 113 are slidably matched along the first direction, the piezoelectric ceramic 111 is fixedly mounted between the first mounting seat 112 and the second mounting seat 113, the first direction is consistent with the axial direction of the piezoelectric ceramic 111, and the two ends of the elastic member 120 transmit force to the first mounting seat 112 and the second mounting seat 113 respectively, so as to make the spacing between the first mounting seat 112 and the second mounting seat 113 adaptively adjusted as the axial size of the piezoelectric ceramic 111 changes. Please refer to Figure 1 , the first direction is the X direction.

[0043] In the above technical solution, the piezoelectric ceramic 111 in the fast tuning component 110 has the performance of changing its axial size in rapid response to voltage changes, the first mounting seat 112 and the second mounting seat 113 slide together along the first direction, and the elastic member 120 transmits force at both axial ends to the first mounting seat 112 and the second mounting seat 113. Under the action of the elastic member 120, the piezoelectric ceramic 111 can be fixedly installed between the first mounting seat 112 and the second mounting seat 113, that is, the elastic member 120 provides a pre-tightening force for the first mounting seat 112, the second mounting seat 113 and the piezoelectric ceramic 111, so that the three are always kept in tension. When the operating frequency of the superconducting cavity 200 needs to be adjusted, the axial dimension of the piezoelectric ceramic 111 is changed by charging and disconnecting the piezoelectric ceramic 111 or by pressurizing and depressurizing the piezoelectric ceramic 111, and the elastic member 120 is compressed or adaptively stretched accordingly. Since the first mounting seat 112 is connected and fixed to the liquid helium tank 210 of the superconducting cavity 200, the position of the first mounting seat 112 will not change, and finally the second mounting seat 113 moves along the axial direction of the piezoelectric ceramic 111 relative to the superconducting cavity 200, and the connecting bracket 30 is connected to the second mounting seat 113, and the connecting bracket 30 will also move relative to the superconducting cavity 200 to a certain extent, and finally the squeezing part 31 squeezes or relaxes the beam port 220 of the superconducting cavity 200, thereby correspondingly adjusting the operating frequency of the superconducting cavity 200. If the first direction is consistent with the axial direction of the piezoelectric ceramic 111, the piezoelectric ceramic 111 can be effectively prevented from being damaged by shear force when the second mounting seat 113 moves. Due to the rapid response of the piezoelectric ceramic 111 and the very fine change in the axial dimension, the displacement change of the extrusion portion 31 relative to the beam port 220 of the superconducting cavity 200 can also reach a very fine degree, thereby enabling the accuracy of the fast tuning component 110 to reach a high level. It is only necessary to reasonably select the elastic member 120 and the pre-tightening force of the elastic member 120 on the first mounting seat 112 and the second mounting seat 113, so that the overall rigidity of the tuning device 100 can be improved. At the same time, when the piezoelectric ceramic 111 responds to the action, it can easily drive the second mounting seat 113 and the connecting bracket 30 to move as a whole, so as to meet the requirements of response speed and tuning accuracy, and realize the role of a fast and real-time superconducting cavity 200 tuning body, so that it meets the physical parameter requirements and ensures the acceleration effect of the superconducting cavity 200.

[0044] The present application does not limit the scheme for achieving sliding fit between the first mounting seat 112 and the second mounting seat 113. For example, in some embodiments, the first mounting seat 112 and the second mounting seat 113 can be socketed. In other embodiments, the first mounting seat 112 and the second mounting seat 113 can also adopt a guide rail and a slider scheme.

[0045] In addition, the elastic member 120 can act on the first mounting seat 112 by direct contact force transmission, or by indirect force transmission through the piezoelectric ceramic 111 with one end in contact with the piezoelectric ceramic 111, as long as the first mounting seat 112 can be adaptively adjusted relative to the second mounting seat 113 by the overall action of the elastic member 120 and the piezoelectric ceramic 111. Similarly, the cooperation between the second mounting seat 113 and the elastic member 120 can also refer to the above description, which will not be repeated here.

[0046] In different embodiments, the number of piezoelectric ceramics 111 can be selected according to actual needs, and the piezoelectric ceramics 111 need to be able to relatively easily overcome the elastic force of the elastic member 120, so as to quickly and smoothly push the second mounting seat 113 to move relative to the first mounting seat 112. While the elastic member 120 provides tensioning and pre-tightening effects for the first mounting seat 112, the second mounting seat 113 and the piezoelectric ceramics 111, the elastic member 120 can also improve the overall strength of the fast tuning assembly 110, and when the fast tuning assembly 110 responds to the action, the spacing between the first mounting seat 112 and the second mounting seat 113 is adaptively matched with the axial size of the piezoelectric ceramics 111, thereby improving the overall reliability and stability of the tuning device 100.

[0047] In order to further simplify the structure and facilitate the overall assembly of the tuning device 100, in some embodiments, a guide rod 114 is installed on one of the first mounting seat 112 and the second mounting seat 113, and the first mounting seat 112 and the second mounting seat 113 are slidably matched through the guide rod 114. The axial direction of the guide rod 114 is arranged along the first direction, so that the axial direction of the guide rod 114 is consistent with the axial direction of the piezoelectric ceramic 111, effectively avoiding the shear force during the size change of the piezoelectric ceramic 111. A locking nut 115 for locking the first mounting seat 112 and the second mounting seat 113 is provided on the guide rod 114, and the elastic member 120 is locked to the fast tuning assembly 110 by the locking nut 115.

[0048] In some embodiments, the elastic member 120 can be locked between the first mounting seat 112 and the second mounting seat 113, can be locked between the first mounting seat 112 and the locking nut 115, and can be locked between the second mounting seat 113 and the locking nut 115. In some embodiments, the elastic member 120 can also be locked between one of the first mounting seat 112 and the second mounting seat 113 and the piezoelectric ceramic 111.

[0049] In order to further simplify the structures of the first mounting seat 112 and the second mounting seat 113, and at the same time enable the second mounting seat 113 to stably overcome the force of the elastic member 120 and perform adaptive position adjustment with the piezoelectric ceramic 111, in some embodiments, the first mounting seat 112 includes a first plate 1121 and a second plate 1122 that are arranged oppositely and spaced apart along a first direction, and a third plate 1123 connecting the first plate 1121 and the second plate 1122, the guide rod 114 connects the first plate 1121, the second plate 1122 and the second mounting seat 113, and the second plate 1122 is provided with a guide hole for the guide rod 114 to pass through. Along the axial direction of the guide rod 114, the first plate 1121, the second plate 1122 and the second mounting seat 113 are arranged in sequence, and the second plate 1122 abuts against the second mounting seat 113. This embodiment still does not limit the setting position of the guide rod 114. In some embodiments, the guide rod 114 can be fixedly connected to the first plate 1121, and the guide rod extends out of the side of the second mounting seat 113 away from the first mounting seat 112, and the locking nut 115 is located on the side of the second mounting seat 113 away from the first mounting seat 112. In other embodiments, the guide rod 114 can also be fixedly connected to the second mounting seat 113, and the locking nut 115 is located on the side of the second mounting seat 113 away from the first mounting seat 112. The axial direction of the piezoelectric ceramic 111 is consistent with the axial direction of the guide rod 114. The first plate 1121 is provided with a receiving groove 1124 that abuts against one end of the piezoelectric ceramic 111. The second mounting seat 113 is provided with a protrusion that abuts against the other end of the piezoelectric ceramic 111. The second plate 1122 is provided with a through hole 1125 for the protrusion to pass through. The bottom of the receiving groove 1124 and the top surface of the protrusion respectively abut against the two end surfaces of the piezoelectric ceramic 111. Then, under the action of the elastic member 120 and the locking nut 115, the piezoelectric ceramic 111 is fixedly connected to the first mounting seat 112 and the second mounting seat 113. At the same time, the side wall of the receiving groove 1124 can also provide positioning support for the piezoelectric ceramic 111. By setting the first mounting seat 112 as a hollow structure, the installation and removal of the piezoelectric ceramic 111 can be facilitated.

[0050] In addition, in some embodiments, the protrusion may be accommodated in the through hole 1125 of the second plate 1122 , and the side wall of the through hole 1125 may also provide certain positioning and support for the piezoelectric ceramic 111 .

[0051] In order to facilitate the installation and positioning of the elastic member 120, in some embodiments, the elastic member 120 can be sleeved on the guide rod 114, and the elastic member 120 is arranged on the side opposite to the first mounting seat 112 and the second mounting seat 113 and is locked by the locking nut 115. For example, please refer to the figure, the guide rod 114 is fixed to the second mounting seat 113, the guide rod 114 and the first mounting seat 112 are slidably matched and penetrate the first mounting seat 112, and the elastic member 120 is arranged between the locking nut 115 and the first mounting seat 112.

[0052] According to the required tuning method, the number of fast tuning components 110 can be adaptively adjusted. For example, in some embodiments, the connecting bracket 30 can be configured to move in a first direction along with the second mounting seat 113. At this time, the displacement of the extrusion portion 31 is consistent with the displacement of the second mounting seat 113. In some embodiments, the connecting bracket 30 can be a structure in which the first end is connected and fixed to the liquid helium tank 210 and the second end is connected to the second mounting seat 113. It is a lever-type tuning mechanism in the relevant technology. The specific structure and principle can refer to the relevant technology and will not be described here. In some embodiments, the two ends of the connecting bracket 30 can also be connected to the superconducting cavity 200 respectively through a fast tuning component 110, so that the connecting bracket 30 can move in a first direction as a whole along with the connecting portion 121.

[0053] In some embodiments, in order to reduce the damage of the tuning operation to the structure of the superconducting cavity 200, the tuning device 100 can be configured to allow the connecting bracket 30 to translate along the first direction. Referring to the figure, there are two fast tuning components 110, and the second mounting seats 113 of the two fast tuning components 110 are respectively connected to the opposite ends of the connecting bracket 30, so that the connecting bracket 30 can translate along the first direction as a whole.

[0054] In some embodiments, the fast tuning assembly 110 may further include a connection seat 116 detachably connected to the first mounting seat 112, and the connection seat 116 is used to be connected and fixed to the liquid helium tank 210, that is, the first mounting seat 112 is fixed to the liquid helium tank 210 through the connection seat 116, which is convenient for subsequent use and maintenance.

[0055] In order to meet the tuning requirements of the superconducting cavity under different working conditions, in some embodiments, the tuning device 100 also includes a mechanical tuning component, the mechanical tuning component includes an actuator 10 and a driving mechanism 20, the actuator 10 includes a first part 11 and a second part 12 connected, the first part 11 is connected to the second mounting seat 113, the first part 11 is fixed relative to the superconducting cavity 200, the second part 12 has a connecting portion 121, the connecting bracket 30 is connected to the connecting portion 121, and the first direction is the axial direction of the superconducting cavity 200.

[0056] In order to make the connection portion 121 move only along the first direction, the first part 11 and the second part 12 are eccentrically arranged and rotatably matched. The first part 11 can be fixed to the liquid helium tank 210 by the fast tuning component 110, so the first part 11 will not be displaced or rotated. The second part 12 can rotate relative to the first part 11, and the first part 11 and the second part 12 always keep in contact, so that the first part 11 applies force to the second part 12 in its radial direction to position the second part 12. The output end of the driving mechanism 20 is transmission-connected to the second part 12, and drives the second part 12 to rotate around the first axis. The first axis, the axis of the connecting portion 121 and the central axis of the second part 12 are all parallel, that is, they do not overlap each other. If the second part 12 rotates around the first axis, the connecting portion 121 will rotate along with the second part 12 as a whole, and the position and posture of the connecting portion 121 will change. At this time, since the second part 12 does not rotate around the central axis, the posture of the outer peripheral surface of the second part 12 and the position in contact with the first part 11 will also change. However, the first part 11 is fixed by the liquid helium tank 210. Therefore, in the coordinate system formed by the first direction and the second direction, the second part 12 as a whole will still have a certain amount of overall offset and overall rotation, and the first direction, the second direction and the central axis of the second part 12 are perpendicular to each other. Then, by reasonably setting the relative positions of the first axis, the central axis of the second part 12, and the axis of the connecting part 121, the second part 12 can be moved in the opposite direction as a whole while the driving mechanism 20 drives the second part 12 to rotate around the first axis, so as to offset the displacement of the connecting part 121 in the second direction, and make the connecting part 121 and the pressing part 31 move only in the first direction relative to the first part 11. The connecting bracket 30 is connected to the connecting part 121, and the pressing part 31 will change its position along with the connecting part 121, thereby changing the relative position of the pressing part 31 and the beam port 220 of the superconducting cavity 200 in the first direction, so that the superconducting cavity 200 is further squeezed or released along its axial direction, and its axial squeezing amount is reduced, and finally the frequency of the superconducting cavity 200 is changed.

[0057] Please refer to Figure 1 The first direction is the X direction, the second direction is the Y direction, and the central axis of the second portion 12 extends along the Z direction.

[0058] In the technical solution disclosed in the present application, the mechanical tuning component is integrally mounted on the superconducting cavity 200 through the fast tuning component 110, the first part 11 is fixed relative to the superconducting cavity 200, and the second part 12 and the extrusion part 31 can move relative to the superconducting cavity 200 along the first direction. Since the central axis of the second part 12 itself, the first axis corresponding to the driving mechanism 20, and the axis of the connecting part 121 of the connecting bracket 30 do not coincide, the connecting part 121 rotates around the first axis under the drive of the driving mechanism 20, and the connecting part 121 has displacements in the first direction and the second direction at the same time. In addition, when the second part 12 rotates around the first axis as a whole, since the first part 11 and the second part 12 are eccentrically arranged and kept tensioned, under the action of the first part 11, the second part 12 will also have a secondary offset, and the connecting part 121 will eventually have displacements in the first direction and the second direction in the secondary offset. That is to say, if we only look at the connection part 121, the connection part 121 has two forms of movement under different driving forces. The first is the position change caused by the driving mechanism 20, and the second is the position change caused by the first part 11. Both of the above position changes will have displacement in the first direction and displacement in the second direction at the same time. Then the final position of the connection part 121 is obtained by vector superposition of the two position changes. It is only necessary to reasonably set the structure of the first part 11 and the relative position relationship between the first part 11 and the second part 12, so that the displacement in the second direction can be eliminated after vector superposition, so that the connection part 121 and the extrusion part 31 only move along the first direction. In some embodiments, through reasonable structural settings, it is even possible to make the displacement of the connection part 121 in the first direction in the secondary offset opposite to the displacement of the connection part 121 in the first direction driven by the driving mechanism 20, and then the displacement of the connection part 121 along the first direction can be reduced after vector superposition, so as to achieve the technical effect of further amplifying the ratio.

[0059] In the technical solution of the present application, since the stroke amount of the driving mechanism 20 and the displacement amount of the first part 11 in the first direction are not linearly related, and there can be a large amplification ratio between the stroke amount of the driving mechanism 20 and the displacement amount of the connecting part 121 in the first direction, the tuning accuracy of the mechanical tuning component along the first direction is improved. At this time, since the accuracy and amplification ratio are improved, the influence of the return difference in the structure of the driving mechanism 20 itself on the tuning of the superconducting cavity 200 can also be weakened. Compared with the solution of using a gear structure to amplify the stroke ratio relationship and improve the tuning accuracy, the mechanical tuning component using this solution effectively avoids the technical problems of the actuator 10 being stuck and unable to tune at low temperatures, and improves the overall stability and overall performance of the tuning device 100.

[0060] In different embodiments, the second mounting seat and the first part may be a detachable connection structure or an integrally formed structure, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment.

[0061] In order to improve the amplification ratio and tuning accuracy, in some embodiments, please refer to Figure 6 The second part 12 may include an eccentric shaft 122 and a first bearing 125; the eccentric shaft 122 includes a body section 123 and two connecting sections 124 connected to the axial ends of the body section 123, the two connecting sections 124 are coaxially arranged, the axis of the body section 123 coincides with the central axis of the second part 12, that is, the body section 123 and the connecting section 124 are not coaxial. The connecting section 124 constitutes the connecting portion 121, the driving mechanism 20 is transmission-connected to the connecting section 124, and the connecting bracket 30 is connected to the connecting section 124. The first bearing 125 is sleeved on the main body section 123. When the eccentric shaft 122 is driven to rotate by the driving mechanism 20, the first bearing 125 does not rotate with the eccentric shaft 122. However, since the first axis does not coincide with the axis of the main body section 123 (i.e., the central axis of the eccentric shaft 122), the position of the central axis of the eccentric shaft 122 will change. The first part 11 can be a second bearing that is sleeved with the first bearing 125 and eccentrically arranged, so that the second part 12 as a whole rotates and deviates in the opposite direction to the displacement of the connecting section 124 in the second direction, and finally offsets the displacement of the axis of the connecting section 124 in the second direction, and the connecting section 124 only moves along the first direction while rotating.

[0062] In order to effectively offset the displacement of the axis of the connecting section 124 in the second direction, in some embodiments, please refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8 The spacing between the axis of the main body section 123 and the axis of the connecting section 124 is 2 mm to 3 mm; and / or, the spacing between the axis of the first bearing 125 and the axis of the second bearing is 2 mm to 3 mm. By controlling at least one of the eccentricity between the main body section 123 and the connecting section 124 and the eccentricity between the axis of the first bearing 125 and the second bearing within a small and appropriate range, the probability of structural damage to the superconducting cavity 200 and the beam port 220 caused by the displacement of the connecting section 124 in the second direction can be effectively reduced, and the first part 11 and the second part 12 can be effectively prevented from being stuck in the fit.

[0063] Since the connecting portion 121 finally embodies two actions of translation along the first direction and rotation around its own axis, when the first part 11 drives the connecting bracket 30 to move along the first direction as a whole, the connecting portion 121 will also rotate relative to the connecting bracket 30. Therefore, in order to extend the service life of the connecting bracket 30, in some embodiments, the mechanical tuning assembly further includes a third bearing 40, which is disposed on the connecting bracket 30, and the connecting portion 121 is rotatably matched with the third bearing 40.

[0064] The present application does not limit the specific scheme for achieving tensioning and initial relative position determination of the first part 11 and the second part 12. For example, in some embodiments, the specific position in each state can be determined by matching multiple structures of the mechanical tuning component. Figure 1 and Figure 3 The driving mechanism 20 may include a driving member 21 and a swing arm 22; one end of the swing arm 22 is transmission-connected and hinged to the driving member 21, and the other end is transmission-connected to the connecting section 124, and is used to convert the movement of the driving member 21 into the rotation of the connecting section 124, so that the first part 11 and the second part 12 are tensioned and the relative position is determined. One end of the swing arm 22 is driven by the driving member 21 to change the position of one end. Since the lengths of the two ends of the swing arm 22 are determined, the angle of the swing arm 22 changes, so that the connecting section 124 is driven to move and rotate at the same time. In some embodiments, the swing arm 22 and the connecting section 124 can be snap-fitted, interference-fitted, etc.

[0065] In order to further improve the tuning accuracy and facilitate the installation and positioning of the drive mechanism 20, in some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 The driving mechanism 20 further includes a ball screw pair 23 driven by a driving member 21. One end of the swing arm 22 is hinged to a nut member 232 of the ball screw pair 23. When the driving member 21 drives the screw 231 to rotate, the nut member 232 moves in a translational manner along the axial direction of the screw 231, thereby changing the end point position and angle of the swing arm 22. The driving member 21 and the ball screw pair 23 are both mounted on the first part 11 through the swing arm 22. The position of the swing arm 22 is changed by the ball screw pair 23. The ball screw pair 23 has high precision. In addition, the actuator 10 itself has a high magnification ratio, which can further improve the tuning ratio and further reduce the influence of the return difference.

[0066] In the tuning device 100 provided in the present application, the tuning principle of the tuning device 100, the number of mechanical tuning components, etc. can be adaptively adjusted according to actual needs. In some embodiments, the connecting bracket 30 can be set to move along the first direction with the connecting portion 121. At this time, the displacement of the extrusion portion 31 is consistent with the displacement of the connecting portion 121. In some embodiments, the connecting bracket 30 can be a structure in which the first end is connected and fixed to the liquid helium tank 210 and the second end is connected to the connecting portion 121. It is a lever-type tuning mechanism in the relevant technology. The specific structure and principle can refer to the relevant technology and will not be repeated here. In some embodiments, the two ends of the connecting bracket 30 can also be connected to the superconducting cavity 200 through an actuator 10 and an extrusion portion 31 respectively, as long as the connecting bracket 30 can move along the first direction as a whole with the connecting portion 121.

[0067] Since the tuning device 100 provided in the present application can have a relatively large amplification ratio and tuning accuracy, in some embodiments, please refer to Figure 4 In order to reduce the damage of the tuning operation to the structure of the superconducting cavity 200, the number of the actuators 10 and the swing arms 22 are both two, the actuator 10 includes a first actuator 13 and a second actuator 14 arranged at intervals along the second direction; the two swing arms 22 include a first swing arm 221 and a second swing arm 222 arranged at intervals along the second direction, the first swing arm 221 is transmission-connected with the first actuator 13, the second swing arm 222 is transmission-connected with the second actuator 14, the first actuator 13 and the second actuator 14 are respectively connected to the two ends of the connecting bracket 30, and the first actuator 13 and the second actuator 14 are both driven by the driving mechanism 20; the pressing part 31 is used to be connected and fixed with the beam port 220, the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction, that is, the two ends of the connecting bracket 30 are respectively driven by the connecting parts 121 of the first actuator 13 and the second actuator 14 to move in the first direction, and the pressing part 31 is located between the first actuator 13 and the second actuator 14 along the second direction.

[0068] In order to control the overall weight of the connecting bracket 30 so that the connecting portion 121 can smoothly drive the connecting bracket 30 to move in the first direction, in some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The connecting bracket 30 may include a first bracket 32, a second bracket 33 and a third bracket 34. The first bracket 32 ​​and the second bracket 33 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the eccentric shaft 122. The first bracket 32 ​​and the second bracket 33 are respectively connected to the two connecting sections 124, and the third bracket 34 connects the first bracket 32 ​​and the second bracket 33. In some embodiments, a plurality of weight-reducing holes may be further provided on the first bracket 32 ​​and the second bracket 33.

[0069] In some embodiments, the number of the driving member 21 and the number of the ball screw pair 23 can both be one. Figure 3 , a double-ended ball screw pair 23 is provided through a lead screw 231 with a double-ended reverse thread structure, that is, there are two threaded members on one lead screw 231, and the first swing arm 221 and the second swing arm 222 are respectively hingedly connected with the two threaded members in a one-to-one correspondence. In some embodiments, the number of the driving mechanisms 20 can be two. When two actuators 10 need to move synchronously along the first direction, the two driving mechanisms 20 can have the same structure and the two lead screws 231 can be coaxial to form one of the feasible synchronous driving solutions, and any other feasible technical solutions can also be adopted.

[0070] When the number of the actuator 10 is one, or the plurality of actuators 10 are respectively driven by a corresponding driving mechanism 20 , in some embodiments, the axial direction of the lead screw 231 may be any direction within the plane formed by the first direction and the second direction.

[0071] In order to reduce the failure rate of mechanical jamming when two actuators 10 are synchronized, in some embodiments, please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the axial direction of the screw 231 of the ball screw pair 23 is the second direction, and the mechanical tuning assembly further includes a fourth bearing 50 and a synchronization assembly 60. Along the second direction, the fourth bearing 50 is slidably matched with the screw 231 of the ball screw pair 23, and the first swing arm 221 and the second swing arm 222 are symmetrically arranged. The first swing arm 221 is hinged to the nut member 232 of the ball screw pair 23, and the second swing arm 222 is hinged to the fourth bearing 50, that is, the first swing arm 221 is directly driven to rotate by the driving member 21, and the first actuator 13 is driven by the driving member 21, so that the connecting portion 121 rotates and moves only along the first direction. The synchronization assembly 60 includes a three-link mechanism 61, a first gear 62 and a second gear 63; the two movable ends of the three-link mechanism 61 are hinged with the connecting bracket 30 to form a parallelogram linkage mechanism with the connecting bracket 30, and the three-link mechanism 61, the first gear 62 and the second gear 63 move in a first direction along with the connecting portion 121 and the connecting bracket 30; the first gear 62 is sleeved on the connecting section 124 of the first actuator 13; the second gear 63 is located between the three-link mechanism 61 and the connecting bracket 30, and is sleeved near the three-link mechanism 61 On the movable end of the first actuator 13 and the first hinge shaft of the connecting bracket 30, the first gear 62 is meshed with the second gear 63. Under the action of the parallelogram linkage mechanism, the first gear 62 and the second gear 63, the first gear 62 transmits the rotation of the connecting portion 121 to the second gear 63, and the second gear 63 drives the first hinge shaft to rotate, and the first hinge shaft drives the connecting rod of the three-link mechanism 61 connected to the connecting bracket 30 to rotate, and finally the connecting section 124 of the second actuator 14 moves along the first direction and rotates at a certain angle. The present application sets one of the two actuators 10 to be directly connected to the driving member 21, and the other uses the parallelogram mechanism and the meshed first gear 62 and the second gear 63 to achieve power transmission. Compared with the solution in which both actuators 10 are directly driven by the driving member 21, the present solution can reduce the failure rate of mechanical jamming when the two actuators 10 are synchronized, and can also simplify the structure and save costs.

[0072] In order to reasonably layout and control the volume and occupied space of the entire tuning device 100, and effectively avoid interference between the driving mechanism 20 and the three-bar mechanism 61, in some embodiments, along the second direction, the two connecting sections 124 of the same eccentric shaft 122 are respectively connected one-to-one with the corresponding swing arm 22 and the first gear 62, and the swing arm 22 and the three-bar mechanism 61 are located on both sides of the connecting bracket 30.

[0073] Based on the same invention concept, please refer to Fig.11 and Fig.12 The present application also provides a superconducting accelerator 1000, comprising a superconducting cavity 200 and the tuning device 100 in the above embodiment. The superconducting cavity 200 has a liquid helium tank 210 and a beam port 220, the tuning device 100 is connected to the liquid helium tank 210, and the tuning device 100 acts on the beam port 220 along a first direction.

[0074] The working principle of the tuning device 100 and the superconducting accelerator 1000 is as follows: the entire tuning device 100 is fixed to the outside of the liquid helium tank 210 of the superconducting cavity 200 through the connecting bracket 30, and the extrusion part 31 of the connecting bracket 30 is connected and fixed to the flange of the beam port 220 of the superconducting cavity 200. The lead screw 231 is driven by the motor to rotate, and the first swing arm 221 and the second swing arm 222 are correspondingly deflected inward or outward, thereby driving the eccentric shaft 122 and the first bearing 125 to rotate and deflect, which can play the role of pushing the superconducting cavity 200 in the first direction, that is, the axial direction of the superconducting cavity 200 through the extrusion part 31 or reducing the superconducting extrusion amount.

[0075] In summary, the present application provides a tuning device 100 and a superconducting accelerator 1000, which at least have the following

[0076] Beneficial effects:

[0077] Compared with the prior art, the inventive concept of the present application is to improve the structure of the fast tuning component and the transmission scheme of the mechanical tuning component at the same time, so that the fast tuning response action and the mechanical tuning action do not interfere with each other and do not affect each other. Only fast tuning can be performed, only mechanical tuning can be performed, or both fast tuning and mechanical tuning can be performed at the same time. When the corresponding voltage of the piezoelectric ceramic changes and drives the second mounting seat to move as a whole, the mechanical tuning component also moves with the second mounting seat as a whole.

[0078] The mechanical tuning component adopts a rotating structure of an eccentric shaft and a bearing assembly, which greatly amplifies the tuning ratio. The displacement change of the connecting part in the first direction can reach the um level when the screw rotates one circle, thereby effectively improving the tuning accuracy and reducing the influence of the return difference of the motor, screw, etc. on the tuning accuracy.

[0079] The parallelogram linkage mechanism formed by the synchronization component and the connecting bracket can keep the two actuators synchronized. Such a tuning device will have a faster response speed and can more accurately compensate for the frequency deviation of the superconducting cavity in the working state, thereby allowing the superconducting cavity to operate normally.

[0080] The above specific examples are used to illustrate the present invention, which is only used to help understand the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, according to the concept of the present invention, some simple deductions, modifications or substitutions can be made.

Claims

1. A tuning device, characterized in that: For a superconducting cavity, the tuning device comprises: Elastic parts; A fast tuning component comprises a piezoelectric ceramic, a first mounting seat and a second mounting seat, wherein the first mounting seat is used to be connected and fixed to a liquid helium tank of a superconducting cavity; and a connecting bracket connected to the second mounting seat, the connecting bracket having an extrusion portion acting on the beam port of the superconducting cavity in a first direction; Among them, the first mounting seat and the second mounting seat are slidably matched along a first direction, the piezoelectric ceramic is fixedly installed between the first mounting seat and the second mounting seat, the first direction is consistent with the axial direction of the piezoelectric ceramic, and the two ends of the elastic member transmit force to the first mounting seat and the second mounting seat respectively, so as to make the spacing between the first mounting seat and the second mounting seat adaptively adjusted as the axial size of the piezoelectric ceramic changes.

2. The tuning device according to claim 1, characterized in that A guide rod is provided on one of the first mounting seat and the second mounting seat, and the first mounting seat and the second mounting seat are slidably matched through the guide rod. A locking nut for locking the first mounting seat and the second mounting seat is provided on the guide rod, and the elastic member is locked to the fast tuning assembly by the locking nut.

3. The tuning device according to claim 2, characterized in that The first mounting seat comprises a first plate and a second plate which are arranged opposite to each other and spaced apart in a first direction, and a third plate connecting the first plate and the second plate, the guide rod connects the first plate, the second plate and the second mounting seat, and a guide hole for the guide rod to pass through is provided on the second plate; along the axial direction of the guide rod, the first plate, the second plate and the second mounting seat are arranged in sequence, and the second plate abuts against the second mounting seat; The first plate is provided with a receiving groove abutting against one end of the piezoelectric ceramic, the second mounting seat is provided with a protrusion abutting against the other end of the piezoelectric ceramic, and the second plate is provided with a through hole for the protrusion to pass through.

4. The tuning device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The number of the fast tuning components is two, and the second mounting seats of the two fast tuning components are respectively connected to the opposite ends of the connecting bracket, so that the connecting bracket can be translated as a whole along the first direction.

5. The tuning device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The tuning device further comprises a mechanical tuning assembly, which comprises a driving mechanism and an actuator; the actuator comprises a first part and a second part connected, the first part is connected to the second mounting seat, the second part has a connecting portion; a connecting bracket is connected to the connecting portion, and the first direction is the axial direction of the superconducting cavity; The first part and the second part are eccentrically arranged and rotatably matched, the output end of the driving mechanism is transmission-connected to the second part and drives the second part to rotate around a first axis, the first axis, the axis of the connecting part and the central axis of the second part are all parallel to offset the displacement of the connecting part in the second direction, so that the connecting part and the extruding part move only along the first direction relative to the first part, and the first direction, the second direction and the central axis of the second part are perpendicular to each other.

6. The tuning device according to claim 5, characterized in that The second part includes an eccentric shaft and a first bearing; the eccentric shaft includes a body section and two connecting sections connected to the axial ends of the body section, the two connecting sections are coaxially arranged, and the axis of the body section coincides with the central axis of the second part; the first bearing is sleeved on the body section; the connecting section constitutes the connecting portion and is connected to the connecting bracket; The first part is a second bearing sleeved with the first bearing and eccentrically arranged, so that the second part as a whole is rotated and offset in the opposite direction to the displacement of the connecting section in the second direction.

7. The tuning device according to claim 6, characterized in that The driving mechanism includes a driving member, a swing arm and a ball screw pair driven by the driving member; one end of the swing arm is hinged to the nut of the ball screw pair, and the other end is transmission-connected to the actuator to drive the connecting section to rotate and move along the first direction.

8. The tuning device according to claim 7, characterized in that The number of the actuators, the swing arms and the fast tuning components are all two; the actuator includes a first actuator and a second actuator spaced apart along a second direction; the two swing arms include a first swing arm and a second swing arm spaced apart along the second direction, the first swing arm is transmission-connected to the first actuator, the second swing arm is transmission-connected to the second actuator, the first actuator and the second actuator are respectively connected to the two ends of the connecting bracket, and the first actuator and the second actuator are both driven by the driving mechanism; the extrusion portion is used to be connected and fixed to the beam port, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

9. The tuning device according to claim 8, characterized in that The mechanical tuning assembly also includes a fourth bearing and a synchronization assembly; The axial direction of the screw of the ball screw pair is the second direction, and the fourth bearing is slidably matched with the screw of the ball screw pair; the first swing arm and the second swing arm are symmetrically arranged along the second direction, the first swing arm is hinged to the nut member of the ball screw pair, and the second swing arm is hinged to the fourth bearing; The synchronization assembly includes a three-bar linkage, a first gear and a second gear; the two movable ends of the three-bar linkage are hinged to the connecting bracket to form a parallelogram linkage with the connecting bracket; the first gear is sleeved on the connecting section of the first actuator; the second gear is located between the three-bar linkage and the connecting bracket, and is sleeved on the first hinge shaft of the three-bar linkage close to the movable end of the first actuator and the connecting bracket, and the first gear is meshed with the second gear.

10. A superconducting accelerator, characterized in that: include: a superconducting cavity with a liquid helium tank and a beam port; The tuning device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the tuning device is connected to the liquid helium tank and acts on the beam port along the first direction.

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