Unfired ceramsite processing and granulating equipment and preparation process

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of ceramsite processing equipment, and particularly relates to unfired ceramsite processing granulation equipment and a preparation technology.The unfired ceramsite processing granulation equipment comprises a disc type granulator body, a granulation disc scraping plate, a scraping plate mounting frame and an adjusting support used for supporting the disc type granulator body, and the bottom end of the disc type granulator body is fixedly connected with a guide hopper; and the bottom end of the guide hopper is fixedly connected with a ceramsite compactness lifting mechanism. The granulation equipment disclosed by the invention not only has the functions of recovering and self-adjusting powdery ceramsite raw materials, but also has the functions of heating, pre-drying and removing pores under negative pressure, and has the function of preparing ceramsite without firing, and the compactness of the formed ceramsite is improved by reducing the pores and moisture in the formed ceramsite, so that the qualification rate of ceramsite granulation is improved, and the production cost is reduced. The ceramsite is prepared without firing, so that the energy-saving and environment-friendly effects of granulation are effectively improved, the requirement of low-carbon production at present is met, and meanwhile, large-scale production of the ceramsite is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of ceramsite processing equipment, and in particular relates to unfired ceramsite processing and granulation equipment and a preparation process. Background Art

[0002] Sludge expanded clay is an expanded clay produced by mixing sludge as raw material with other materials such as clay in a certain ratio. It is an environmentally friendly production technology for processing and utilizing recycled sludge. During production, the sludge that has undergone a certain treatment needs to be mixed with other prepared materials. After aging, it is made into finished expanded clay through processes such as granulation, roasting, and cooling. Before granulation, the aged mixed material usually needs to be crushed and refined by a wheel mill before granulation. This kind of expanded clay can be used in the construction field to make lightweight concrete and thermal insulation materials. In gardening, it can be used for flower cultivation substrates and aquarium decorations. In sewage, it can also be used as filler for biological filters. Its wide application brings many conveniences and advantages to many industries.

[0003] At present, when the sludge ceramsite is transported after granulation, due to the defects of the ceramsite granulation process, it is easy to cause a large number of tiny pores inside the ceramsite blanks, which makes some ceramsite blanks have low compactness. These ceramsite blanks with unqualified compactness are easily cracked and damaged by the vibration of the belt conveyor, and even cause the ceramsite blanks to collapse, which not only affects the qualified rate of ceramsite granulation, but also affects the reliability of the use of granulation equipment;

[0004] Moreover, the existing expanded clay preparation requires the subsequent calcination of the expanded clay blanks, which not only requires large-scale calcination equipment, but also consumes a lot of energy during the calcination process, resulting in the sludge expanded clay preparation process not being energy-efficient and environmentally friendly, not meeting the current low-carbon production needs, and not being conducive to achieving the purpose of large-scale expanded clay production.

[0005] To this end, we propose a non-fired ceramsite processing and granulation equipment and preparation process to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of unfired ceramsite processing granulation equipment and preparation process in view of the above problems.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a kind of unburned ceramsite processing and granulation equipment, including a disc granulator body, a granulation disc scraper, a scraper mounting frame and an adjustment bracket for supporting the disc granulator body, the bottom end of the disc granulator body is fixedly connected with a guide hopper, and the bottom end of the guide hopper is fixedly connected with a ceramsite compactness improvement mechanism;

[0008] The side end of the ceramsite compactness improvement mechanism and the outer wall of the disc granulator body are fixedly connected with an arc plate, and the upper surface of the arc plate is fixedly connected with a driving mechanism for assisting compactness improvement;

[0009] The top of the guide hopper is fixedly connected to a top plate, the upper surface of the top plate is provided with a through hole, the hole wall of the through hole is fixedly connected to a mounting bearing, the inner wall of the mounting bearing is fixedly connected to a connecting pipe, and the bottom end of the connecting pipe is connected to a powder recovery mechanism.

[0010] The ceramsite compaction lifting mechanism comprises an outer cylinder fixedly sleeved with the bottom end of the material guide hopper, the outer walls of the two side planes of the outer cylinder are provided with circular holes, and the hole walls of the circular holes are fixedly embedded with a first sealing bearing, the inner walls of the two first sealing bearings are jointly fixedly connected with a heat conducting rotating cylinder, the two side planes of the heat conducting rotating cylinder are provided with through holes, and the hole walls of the through holes are fixedly connected with a second sealing bearing, the inner walls of the two second sealing bearings are jointly fixedly connected with a heat conducting cylinder, the side ends of the heat conducting cylinder are fixedly embedded with an electric heating pipe, the outer wall of the heat conducting rotating cylinder located on the outer side of the outer cylinder is fixedly sleeved with a driven sprocket, the outer wall of the heat conducting rotating cylinder located on the inner side of the outer cylinder is evenly fixedly connected with four partitions, the side walls of the partitions are sealingly and movably connected to the inner wall of the outer cylinder, the bottom end of the outer cylinder is provided with a discharge port, the side wall of the outer cylinder is fixedly connected with a connecting cover, the inner wall of the connecting cover is fixedly connected with a filter screen plate, and the outer wall of the connecting cover is fixedly connected with an exhaust check valve.

[0011] The outer wall of the heat-conducting cylinder is fixedly connected with a plurality of heat-conducting support mesh plates, one end of the heat-conducting support mesh plate away from the heat-conducting cylinder is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the heat-conducting rotating cylinder, and the thickness of the first sealing bearing is consistent with the thickness of the outer cylinder.

[0012] The driving mechanism comprises a rectangular air box fixedly connected to the outer wall of the arc plate, the upper surface of the rectangular air box is fixedly connected to the PLC controller, the inner wall of the rectangular air box is movably connected to a rectangular sealing piston, the side end of the rectangular air box is fixedly embedded with a connecting bearing, the inner wall of the connecting bearing is fixedly connected to a reciprocating screw, the rod wall of the reciprocating screw is threadedly sleeved with a screw nut, the outer wall of the screw nut and the outer wall of the rectangular sealing piston are jointly fixedly connected to a fixing frame, the outer wall of the rectangular air box is fixedly connected to a U-shaped frame, the outer wall of the U-shaped frame is fixedly connected to a rotating servo motor, the output end of the rotating servo motor is fixedly connected to the side end of the reciprocating screw, the outer wall of the rectangular air box is fixedly connected to an intake pipe and an exhaust one-way valve, the intake end of the intake pipe is fixedly connected to the outlet end of the exhaust one-way valve, the outer wall of the reciprocating screw located on the outer side of the rectangular air box is fixedly sleeved with a driving sprocket, and the outer walls of the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket are jointly sleeved with a transmission chain.

[0013] The outlet end of the exhaust check valve is fixedly connected to an exhaust pipe, the outlet end of the exhaust pipe passes through the top inner wall of the material guide cover and extends to the material guide hopper discharge hole, and the radius of the driven sprocket is half of the radius of the driving sprocket.

[0014] The powder recovery mechanism includes a hollow shaft servo motor fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the connecting pipe, the hollow shaft servo motor is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the top plate, the upper surface of the top plate is fixedly connected to an air pump, the air outlet end of the air pump is fixedly connected to a conveying pipe, the outer wall of the discharge end of the conveying pipe is fixedly connected to the top of the granulating disk scraper, the air inlet end of the air pump is fixedly connected to an air suction pipe, the air inlet end of the air suction pipe is sealed and connected to the top of the connecting pipe through a third sealing bearing, the bottom end of the connecting pipe is movably sleeved with a lifting cylinder, the bottom end of the lifting cylinder is fixedly sleeved with a concave screening mesh plate, the bottom end of the concave screening mesh plate is fixedly connected with a bottom cover, the bottom end of the connecting pipe is fixedly connected with a sealing ring for sealing and movably connecting with the inner wall of the lifting cylinder, and the outer wall of the connecting pipe is fixedly sleeved with an adjustment mechanism.

[0015] The adjustment mechanism includes a retaining ring fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the connecting tube, a return spring sleeved on the outer wall of the connecting tube, two ends of the return spring fixedly connected to the lower surface of the retaining ring and the upper surface of the lifting cylinder respectively, an insulating rod fixedly connected to the outer wall of the retaining ring, a variable resistance conductive rod fixedly connected to the bottom end of the insulating rod, a conductive ring sleeved on the rod wall of the variable resistance conductive rod, and the outer wall of the conductive ring fixedly connected to the outer wall of the lifting cylinder.

[0016] The outer wall of the disc granulator body is fixedly connected with a hollow ring, the inner wall of the hollow ring is provided with a plurality of air inlet holes, the outer wall of the hollow ring is fixedly connected with a suction pipe, and the air outlet end of the suction pipe is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the air inlet pipe.

[0017] A preparation process for unfired ceramsite processing and granulation equipment, comprising the following steps:

[0018] S1. First, adjust the angle of the disc granulator body by adjusting the bracket, and start the disc granulator body, then adjust the position of the granulator disc scraper by the scraper mounting frame, then arrange the water spray device for agglomeration at the granulation position of the disc granulator body, and finally convey the mixed powdered ceramsite raw material to the disc granulator body for rotary granulation by the feeder, and the balling disc angle of the disc granulator body is 40-55 degrees, and the rotation speed is 10-15r / min;

[0019] S2, then recovering the powdered ceramsite raw material discharged along with the formed ceramsite through a powder recovery mechanism;

[0020] S3, then the formed ceramsite falls into the ceramsite compactness improving mechanism through the guide hopper, and the ceramsite compactness improving process is performed;

[0021] S4. After the compactness of the formed ceramsite is improved, it is transported to the coating machine through a belt conveyor to make a shell. The shelled ceramsite is placed in a resting bin for natural rest for 4-6 hours. The formed ceramsite after resting is then placed in an autoclave for autoclaving for 4 hours to obtain the sludge unburned ceramsite;

[0022] S5. In step S4, the steam temperature in the autoclave for 4 hours is 130-180 degrees Celsius.

[0023] Compared with the existing technology, the advantages of a fired-free ceramsite processing and granulation equipment and preparation process are:

[0024] 1. Through the powder recovery mechanism, when it is necessary to prepare expanded clay, first prepare the granulation equipment, such as adjusting the angle of the disc granulator body, and arranging a water spray device and a feeder for granulation at the disc granulator body, and then start the powder recovery mechanism. The powder recovery mechanism can recover the powdered expanded clay raw materials discharged by the formed expanded clay, and finally these powdered expanded clay raw materials are returned to the disc granulator body through the conveying pipe for granulation again. This mechanism enables the granulation equipment to have the function of recovering powdered expanded clay raw materials to avoid the waste of raw materials.

[0025] 2. Through the set ceramsite compactness improvement mechanism and driving mechanism, when the molded ceramsite enters the ceramsite compactness improvement mechanism through the guide hopper, the PLC controller controls the driving mechanism to work. The driving mechanism cooperates with the ceramsite compactness improvement mechanism to not only eliminate tiny pores by negative pressure on the molded ceramsite, but also squeeze out part of the moisture in the molded ceramsite by negative pressure, and pre-dry the molded ceramsite by high temperature, which effectively improves the compactness of the molded ceramsite. The molded ceramsite with improved compactness will be conveyed by the belt conveyor to the coating machine for shell making. The shelled ceramsite will be placed in the resting bin for natural rest for 5 hours. Place it in an autoclave and autoclave for 4 hours with the steam temperature between 160 degrees Celsius to obtain sludge unfired expanded clay. The entire granulation process does not require large-scale roasting equipment and does not require a large amount of energy for roasting. This mechanism enables the granulation equipment to not only have the functions of heating pre-drying and negative pressure degassing, but also has the function of preparing expanded clay without firing. The compactness of the formed expanded clay is improved by reducing the pores and moisture in the formed expanded clay, thereby improving the qualified rate of expanded clay granulation and the reliability of the use of granulation equipment. The unfired preparation of expanded clay effectively improves the energy-saving and environmental protection effect of granulation, meets the current needs of low-carbon production, and is conducive to the large-scale production of expanded clay.

[0026] 3. Through the setting adjustment mechanism, when the number of formed ceramsite falling into the concave screening mesh plate increases, the weight of the formed ceramsite will cause the lifting cylinder to move downward and increase the stretching degree of the reset spring. At the same time, the conductive ring installed on the lifting cylinder will move downward along the variable resistance conductive rod, so that the conductive ring moves to the low resistance area of ​​the variable resistance conductive rod. At this time, the resistance of the circuit between the variable resistance conductive rod and the conductive ring is reduced. The magnitude of the resistance reduction is inversely proportional to the number of formed ceramsite falling into the concave screening mesh plate, and the current input to the PLC controller increases. The PLC controller controls the power increase of the rotary servo motor, the electric heating tube, the hollow shaft servo motor and the vacuum pump according to the electrical signal generated by the increased current. This mechanism enables the granulation equipment to have the ability of self-regulation and can ensure that the granulation equipment can work continuously and reliably. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a non-fired ceramsite processing and granulation equipment provided by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a ceramsite compactness improving mechanism in a fired-free ceramsite processing and granulation device provided by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a partially enlarged structural schematic diagram of a non-fired ceramsite processing and granulation equipment provided by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the right side view of a driving mechanism in a non-fired ceramsite processing and granulation device provided by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a powder recovery mechanism in a fired-free ceramsite processing and granulation device provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of an adjusting mechanism in a non-fired ceramsite processing and granulation device provided by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of a hollow ring part in a firing-free ceramsite processing and granulation equipment provided by the present invention.

[0034] In the figure: 1 disc granulator body, 2 granulator scraper, 3 scraper mounting frame, 4 adjustment bracket, 5 guide hopper, 6 ceramsite compactness improvement mechanism, 61 outer cylinder, 62 first sealing bearing, 63 heat-conducting rotating cylinder, 64 second sealing bearing, 65 heat-conducting cylinder, 66 electric heating pipe, 67 driven sprocket, 68 partition, 69 discharge port, 610 connection cover, 611 filter screen, 612 exhaust check valve, 7 driving mechanism, 71 rectangular air box, 72 PLC controller, 73 rectangular sealing piston, 74 connecting bearing, 75 reciprocating screw, 76 screw nut, 77 fixing frame, 78 U-shaped frame, 79 rotary servo motor, 710 air intake pipe, 711 exhaust check valve, 712 driving sprocket, 713 transmission chain, 8 powder recovery mechanism, 81 hollow shaft servo motor, 82 vacuum pump, 83 conveying pipe, 84 vacuum pipe, 85 lifting cylinder, 86 concave screening mesh plate, 87 bottom cover, 88 sealing ring, 9 adjustment mechanism, 91 retaining ring, 92 return spring, 93 insulating rod, 94 variable resistance conductive rod, 95 conductive ring, 10 arc plate, 11 top plate, 12 mounting bearing, 13 connecting pipe, 14 heat conductive support mesh plate, 15 exhaust pipe, 16 hollow ring, 17 air intake guide hole, 18 suction pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] like Figure 1-Figure 7As shown, a non-fired ceramsite processing and granulation equipment includes a disc granulator body 1, a granulator disc scraper 2, a scraper mounting frame 3 and an adjustment bracket 4 for supporting the disc granulator body 1, the bottom end of the disc granulator body 1 is fixedly connected with a guide hopper 5, the bottom end of the guide hopper 5 is fixedly connected with a ceramsite compactness improving mechanism 6, the ceramsite compactness improving mechanism 6 includes an outer cylinder 61 fixedly sleeved with the bottom end of the guide hopper 5, the outer walls of the two side planes of the outer cylinder 61 are both provided with circular holes, and the hole walls of the circular holes are fixedly embedded with a first sealed bearing 62, and two first sealed bearings 62 are fixedly embedded with the first sealed bearings 62. The inner wall of a sealed bearing 62 is fixedly connected with a heat-conducting rotating cylinder 63. Through holes are opened on both side planes of the heat-conducting rotating cylinder 63, and the hole walls of the through holes are fixedly connected with a second sealed bearing 64. The inner walls of the two second sealed bearings 64 are fixedly connected with a heat-conducting cylinder 65. The outer wall of the heat-conducting cylinder 65 is fixedly connected with a plurality of heat-conducting support mesh plates 14. The heat-conducting support mesh plates 14 can increase the speed of heat transfer of the heat-conducting cylinder 65. The end of the heat-conducting support mesh plate 14 away from the heat-conducting cylinder 65 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the heat-conducting rotating cylinder 63. The first sealed The thickness of the bearing 62 is consistent with that of the outer cylinder 61. The side end of the heat-conducting cylinder 65 is fixedly embedded with an electric heating tube 66. The outer wall of the heat-conducting rotating cylinder 63 located on the outer side of the outer cylinder 61 is fixedly sleeved with a driven sprocket 67. The outer wall of the heat-conducting rotating cylinder 63 located on the inner side of the outer cylinder 61 is evenly fixedly connected with four partitions 68. The side wall of the partition 68 is sealed and movably connected to the inner wall of the outer cylinder 61. A discharge port 69 is opened at the bottom end of the outer cylinder 61. The side wall of the outer cylinder 61 is fixedly connected with a connecting cover 610. The inner wall of the connecting cover 610 is fixedly connected There is a filter screen plate 611, and the outer wall of the connecting cover 610 is fixedly connected to an exhaust check valve 612. This mechanism enables the granulation equipment to not only have the functions of heating pre-drying and negative pressure degassing holes, but also has the function of preparing ceramsite without firing. The compactness of the formed ceramsite is improved by reducing the pores and moisture in the formed ceramsite, thereby improving the qualified rate of ceramsite granulation and the reliability of the use of the granulation equipment. The preparation of ceramsite without firing effectively improves the energy-saving and environmental protection effect of granulation, meets the current demand for low-carbon production, and is conducive to the large-scale production of ceramsite.

[0037] The side end of the ceramsite compaction improvement mechanism 6 and the outer wall of the disc granulator body 1 are fixedly connected with an arc plate 10, and the upper surface of the arc plate 10 is fixedly connected with a driving mechanism 7 for assisting compaction improvement. The driving mechanism 7 includes a rectangular air box 71 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the arc plate 10, and the upper surface of the rectangular air box 71 is fixedly connected with a PLC controller 72. The inner wall of the rectangular air box 71 is movably connected with a rectangular sealing piston 73. The side end of the rectangular air box 71 is fixedly embedded with a connecting bearing 74, and the inner wall of the connecting bearing 74 is fixedly connected with a reciprocating screw 75. The rod wall of the reciprocating screw 75 is threadedly sleeved with a screw nut 76, and the outer wall of the screw nut 76 is fixed to the outer wall of the rectangular sealing piston 73. A fixed frame 77 is connected, and the outer wall of the rectangular air box 71 is fixedly connected to a U-shaped frame 78, and the outer wall of the U-shaped frame 78 is fixedly connected to a rotary servo motor 79, and the output end of the rotary servo motor 79 is fixedly connected to the side end of the reciprocating screw rod 75. The outer wall of the rectangular air box 71 is fixedly connected to an air intake pipe 710 and an exhaust check valve 711, and the air intake end of the air intake pipe 710 is fixedly connected to the air outlet end of the exhaust check valve 612. The outer wall of the reciprocating screw rod 75 located on the outside of the rectangular air box 71 is fixedly sleeved with a driving sprocket 712, and the outer walls of the driving sprocket 712 and the driven sprocket 67 are jointly sleeved with a transmission chain 713. This mechanism can assist the expanded clay compactness improving mechanism 6 in performing the processing of improving the compactness of formed expanded clay.

[0038] The air outlet end of the exhaust check valve 711 is fixedly connected to the exhaust pipe 15, and the air outlet end of the exhaust pipe 15 passes through the inner wall of the top end of the material guide cover and extends to the discharge hole of the material guide hopper 5. The air in the rectangular air box 71 is transported to the material guide hopper 5 through the exhaust check valve 711 and the exhaust pipe 15. The air discharged from the exhaust pipe 15 can ensure that the inner wall of the material guide hopper 5 is dry and can assist the material guide hopper 5 in transporting the molded clay. The radius of the driven sprocket 67 is half of the radius of the driving sprocket 712. The larger driven sprocket 67 can reduce the rotation speed of the heat-conducting rotating cylinder 63, thereby allowing the molded clay to have sufficient time to perform the compaction-enhancing processing in the clay compaction-enhancing mechanism 6.

[0039] The top of the guide hopper 5 is fixedly connected to a top plate 11, a through hole is formed on the upper surface of the top plate 11, and a mounting bearing 12 is fixedly connected to the hole wall of the through hole, a connecting pipe 13 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting bearing 12, and a powder recovery mechanism 8 is connected to the bottom end of the connecting pipe 13, the powder recovery mechanism 8 includes a hollow shaft servo motor 81 fixedly sleeved with the outer wall of the connecting pipe 13, the hollow shaft servo motor 81 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the top plate 11, an air pump 82 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the top plate 11, an air outlet end of the air pump 82 is fixedly connected to a conveying pipe 83, and the outer wall of the discharge end of the conveying pipe 83 is connected to the outer wall of the discharge end of the conveying pipe 83. The top of the granulation disk scraper 2 is fixedly connected, the air inlet end of the vacuum pump 82 is fixedly connected to the air suction pipe 84, the air inlet end of the air suction pipe 84 is sealed and connected to the top of the connecting pipe 13 through the third sealing bearing, the bottom end of the connecting pipe 13 is movably sleeved with a lifting cylinder 85, the bottom end of the lifting cylinder 85 is fixedly sleeved with a concave screening mesh plate 86, the bottom end of the concave screening mesh plate 86 is fixedly connected with a bottom cover 87, the bottom end of the connecting pipe 13 is fixedly connected with a sealing ring 88 for sealing and movably connecting with the inner wall of the lifting cylinder 85, this mechanism enables the granulation equipment to have the function of recovering powdered ceramsite raw materials, thereby avoiding waste of raw materials.

[0040] An adjusting mechanism 9 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the connecting tube 13, and the adjusting mechanism 9 includes a retaining ring 91 fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the connecting tube 13, a reset spring 92 is sleeved on the outer wall of the connecting tube 13, and two ends of the reset spring 92 are respectively fixedly connected to the lower surface of the retaining ring 91 and the upper surface of the lifting cylinder 85, an insulating rod 93 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the retaining ring 91, and a variable resistance conductive rod 94 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the insulating rod 93, and a conductive ring 95 is sleeved on the rod wall of the variable resistance conductive rod 94, and the outer wall of the conductive ring 95 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the lifting cylinder 85. This mechanism enables the granulation equipment to have the ability of self-adjustment and can ensure that the granulation equipment can be continuously and reliably.

[0041] The outer wall of the disc granulator body 1 is fixedly connected with a hollow ring 16, and a plurality of air inlet holes 17 are opened on the inner wall of the hollow ring 16. The outer wall of the hollow ring 16 is fixedly connected with a suction pipe 18, and the air outlet end of the suction pipe 18 is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the air inlet pipe 710. The suction pump 82 sucks the scattered powder of the disc granulator body 1 through the suction pipe 18, the hollow ring 16 and the air inlet holes 17 to avoid the pollution of the environment and waste of the scattered powder.

[0042] The rotary servo motor 79, the electric heating tube 66, the hollow shaft servo motor 81 and the vacuum pump 82 are all electrically connected to the output end of the PLC controller 72 through wires, the variable resistance conductive rod 94 and the conductive ring 95 circuit are electrically connected to the input end of the PLC controller 72 through wires, and the bottom end of the variable resistance conductive rod 94 is electrically connected to the external power supply through a wire, and the resistance of the variable resistance conductive rod 94 gradually decreases from top to bottom. The working principles and electrical connections of the above-mentioned energized equipment are all existing technologies and will not be repeated here.

[0043] The operating principle of the present invention is described as follows: when ceramsite needs to be prepared, first adjust the angle of the disc granulator body 1 by adjusting the bracket 4, and start the disc granulator body 1, then adjust the position of the granulation disc scraper 2 by the scraper mounting frame 3, then arrange the water spray device for agglomeration at the granulation position of the disc granulator body 1, and finally convey the mixed powdered ceramsite raw material to the disc granulator body 1 for rotary granulation by the feeder, the ball disc angle of the disc granulator body 1 is 45 degrees, and the rotation speed is 11r / min. At the same time, the PLC controller 72 controls the rotary servo motor 79, the electric heating tube 66, the hollow shaft servo motor 81 and the vacuum pump 82 to energize and work;

[0044] The hollow shaft servo motor 81 can drive the connecting pipe 13 to rotate, and the connecting pipe 13 can drive the lifting cylinder 85 to rotate through the restriction of the adjustment mechanism 9. The rotation of the lifting cylinder 85 can drive the concave screening mesh plate 86 and the bottom cover 87 to rotate. The rotating concave screening mesh plate 86 will generate centrifugal force, and the centrifugal force can be adjusted by controlling the rotation speed of the hollow shaft servo motor 81, so that the formed ceramsite falling into the concave screening mesh plate 86 is thrown into the guide hopper 5 due to the centrifugal force. Finally, the formed ceramsite enters the outer cylinder 61 through the guide hopper 5 for compaction improvement processing. In addition, the vacuum pump 82 sucks the bottom cover 87 through the vacuum pump 82, the connecting pipe 13 and the lifting cylinder 85. 7, so that the bottom cover 87 forms a negative pressure state, and the bottom cover 87 inhales air through the concave screening mesh plate 86 to balance the air pressure, and then the ceramsite with good pelletization in the disc granulator body 1 overflows from the bottom of the disc granulator body 1, and the overflowed ceramsite falls on the rotating concave screening mesh plate 86. At this time, due to the negative pressure state of the bottom cover 87, the powdered ceramsite raw materials that have not been pelletized and fall into the concave screening mesh plate 86 will enter the conveying pipe 83 with the air, and finally these powdered ceramsite raw materials return to the disc granulator body 1 through the conveying pipe 83 for granulation again. This mechanism enables the granulation equipment to have the function of recycling powdered ceramsite raw materials, thereby avoiding the waste of raw materials;

[0045] When the electric heating tube 66 is started, the temperature of the outer surface of the rotating heat-conducting tube 65 is increased through the heat-conducting tube 65 and the heat-conducting support mesh plate 14, thereby increasing the temperature inside the outer cylinder 61. The high temperature can accelerate the evaporation of water in the molded ceramsite, thereby increasing the compactness of the molded ceramsite, and pre-treating the subsequent drying of the molded ceramsite to improve the efficiency of the subsequent drying of the molded ceramsite. At the same time, after the rotating servo motor 79 is started, it will drive the reciprocating screw rod 75 to rotate. The rotating reciprocating screw rod 75 rotates the driven sprocket 67 through the active sprocket 712 and the transmission chain 713. The driven sprocket 67 rotates the rotating heat-conducting tube 65 through the first sealed bearing 62. The rotating heat-conducting tube 65 drives the partition 68 to rotate, and the molded ceramsite falling between the two partitions 68 rotates with the rotating heat-conducting tube. The rotation of the heat cylinder 65 will approach the connecting cover 610. At this time, the molded ceramsite is in a sealed cavity composed of the outer cylinder 61, the rotating heat-conducting cylinder 65 and the two partitions 68. The molded ceramsite in the sealed cavity needs to be subjected to negative pressure exhaust treatment. The negative pressure generated by the exhaust can eliminate the tiny pores contained in the molded ceramsite, and the negative pressure can also squeeze out part of the moisture in the molded ceramsite, further improving the compactness of the molded ceramsite. Specifically, the rotating reciprocating screw 75 drives the rectangular sealing piston 73 to move back and forth in the rectangular air box 71 through the screw nut 76 and the fixing frame 77. Due to the mutual rotation of the rectangular sealing piston 73 and the rectangular air box 71, the rectangular sealing piston 73 will not rotate with the reciprocating screw 75. 3 moves in the direction of the rotating servo motor 79, the rectangular sealing piston 73 sucks the air in the sealed cavity at the connection cover 610 through the air inlet pipe 710 and the exhaust check valve 612. The negative pressure environment after the air is discharged can eliminate the micro-pores in the molded ceramsite in the sealed cavity, and can negatively pressurize part of the moisture in the molded ceramsite. The moisture evaporates into the air under the action of the high-temperature rotating heat-conducting cylinder 65 and is discharged with the air. The molded ceramsite processed by the ceramsite compactness improving mechanism 6 is finally discharged into the belt conveyor of the ceramsite preparation production line through the discharge port 69. At this time, the molded ceramsite will not be affected by the conveying vibration of the belt conveyor and cracked and damaged. After that, the molded ceramsite is transported to the coating machine for shell making, and the shelled ceramsite is placed in the curing bin The shaped ceramsite is naturally rested for 5 hours, and the shaped ceramsite that has been rested is placed in an autoclave for autoclaving for 4 hours. The steam temperature is between 160 degrees Celsius to obtain sludge unburned ceramsite. The entire granulation process does not require large-scale roasting equipment, and does not require a large amount of energy for roasting. When the rectangular sealing piston 73 moves away from the rotating servo motor 79, the air in the rectangular air box 71 is transported to the guide hopper 5 through the exhaust check valve 711 and the exhaust pipe 15. The air discharged from the exhaust pipe 15 can ensure that the inner wall of the guide hopper 5 is dry and can assist the guide hopper 5 in transporting the shaped ceramsite. This mechanism enables the granulation equipment to not only have the functions of heating pre-drying and negative pressure degassing holes, but also has the function of preparing ceramsite without firing, and improves the compactness of the shaped ceramsite by reducing the pores and moisture in the shaped ceramsite.Thereby improving the qualified rate of ceramsite granulation and the reliability of granulation equipment, while the preparation of ceramsite without firing effectively improves the energy-saving and environmental protection effect of granulation, meets the current demand for low-carbon production, and is conducive to the large-scale production of ceramsite.

[0046] When the number of formed ceramsite falling into the concave screening mesh plate 86 increases, the weight of the formed ceramsite will cause the lifting cylinder 85 to move downward and increase the stretching degree of the reset spring 92. At the same time, the conductive ring 95 installed on the lifting cylinder 85 will move downward along the variable resistance conductive rod 94, so that the conductive ring 95 moves to the low resistance area of ​​the variable resistance conductive rod 94. At this time, the resistance of the circuit between the variable resistance conductive rod 94 and the conductive ring 95 decreases, and the magnitude of the resistance reduction is inversely proportional to the number of formed ceramsite falling into the concave screening mesh plate 86. The current input to the PLC controller 72 increases, and the PLC controller 72 controls the power increase of the rotating servo motor 79, the electric heating tube 66, the hollow shaft servo motor 81 and the vacuum pump 82 according to the electrical signal generated by the increased current. The power increase of the rotating servo motor 79 can increase its rotation speed. Thereby, the ceramsite compactness improving mechanism 6 can more effectively cope with the processing of improving the compactness of a large number of formed ceramsites. The power increase of the hollow shaft servo motor 81 can drive the adaptability of the rotation speed of the lifting cylinder 85 to be improved, and increase the centrifugal force of the rotation of the concave screening mesh plate 86, to ensure that a large number of formed ceramsites can reliably fall into the guide hopper 5. The power increase of the electric heating tube 66 can increase its heat production, so that the temperature of the heat-conducting rotating cylinder 63 is increased. The high-temperature heat-conducting rotating cylinder 63 can meet the needs of preheating and drying of a large number of formed ceramsites. After the power of the vacuum pump 82 is increased, the bottom cover 87 has a greater suction capacity, and thus can cope with the ability to recover a large number of powdered ceramsite raw materials at the concave screening mesh plate 86. This mechanism enables the granulation equipment to have the ability of self-regulation and can ensure that the granulation equipment can work continuously and reliably.

[0047] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A granulation equipment for unburned ceramsite, comprising a disc granulator body (1), a granulation disc scraper (2), a scraper mounting frame (3) and an adjustment bracket (4) for supporting the disc granulator body (1), characterized in that: The bottom end of the disc granulator body (1) is fixedly connected to a guide hopper (5), and the bottom end of the guide hopper (5) is fixedly connected to a ceramsite compactness improving mechanism (6); The side end of the ceramsite compactness improving mechanism (6) and the outer wall of the disc granulator body (1) are fixedly connected with an arc plate (10), and the upper surface of the arc plate (10) is fixedly connected with a driving mechanism (7) for assisting compactness improvement; The top end of the guide hopper (5) is fixedly connected to a top plate (11), the upper surface of the top plate (11) is provided with a through hole, and the hole wall of the through hole is fixedly connected to a mounting bearing (12), the inner wall of the mounting bearing (12) is fixedly connected to a connecting pipe (13), and the bottom end of the connecting pipe (13) is connected to a powder recovery mechanism (8).

2. The unburned ceramsite processing and granulation equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The ceramsite compactness improving mechanism (6) comprises an outer cylinder (61) fixedly sleeved with the bottom end of the guide hopper (5), the outer walls of the two side planes of the outer cylinder (61) are provided with circular holes, and the hole walls of the circular holes are fixedly embedded with first sealing bearings (62), the inner walls of the two first sealing bearings (62) are fixedly connected with a heat-conducting rotating cylinder (63), the two side planes of the heat-conducting rotating cylinder (63) are provided with through holes, and the hole walls of the through holes are fixedly connected with second sealing bearings (64), the inner walls of the two second sealing bearings (64) are fixedly connected with a heat-conducting cylinder (65), and the side ends of the heat-conducting cylinder (65) are fixedly embedded with electric heating pipes (66) ), the outer wall of the heat-conducting rotating cylinder (63) located on the outer side of the outer cylinder (61) is fixedly sleeved with a driven sprocket (67), the outer wall of the heat-conducting rotating cylinder (63) located on the inner side of the outer cylinder (61) is evenly fixedly connected with four partitions (68), the side walls of the partitions (68) are sealed and movably connected to the inner wall of the outer cylinder (61), a discharge port (69) is provided at the bottom end of the outer cylinder (61), the side wall of the outer cylinder (61) is fixedly connected to a connecting cover (610), the inner wall of the connecting cover (610) is fixedly connected to a filter screen plate (611), and the outer wall of the connecting cover (610) is fixedly connected to an exhaust one-way valve (612).

3. The unburned ceramsite processing and granulation equipment according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The outer wall of the heat-conducting cylinder (65) is fixedly connected to a plurality of heat-conducting support mesh plates (14); one end of the heat-conducting support mesh plates (14) away from the heat-conducting cylinder (65) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the heat-conducting rotating cylinder (63); and the thickness of the first sealing bearing (62) is consistent with the thickness of the outer cylinder (61).

4. The unburned ceramsite processing and granulation equipment according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The driving mechanism (7) comprises a rectangular air box (71) fixedly connected to the outer wall of the arc plate (10); the upper surface of the rectangular air box (71) is fixedly connected to a PLC controller (72); the inner wall of the rectangular air box (71) is movably connected to a rectangular sealing piston (73); a connecting bearing (74) is fixedly embedded at the side end of the rectangular air box (71); the inner wall of the connecting bearing (74) is fixedly connected to a reciprocating screw (75); a screw nut (76) is threadedly sleeved on the rod wall of the reciprocating screw (75); the outer wall of the screw nut (76) and the outer wall of the rectangular sealing piston (73) are fixedly connected to a fixing frame (77); the rectangular air box (71) The outer wall of the rectangular air box (71) is fixedly connected to a U-shaped frame (78), the outer wall of the U-shaped frame (78) is fixedly connected to a rotary servo motor (79), the output end of the rotary servo motor (79) is fixedly connected to the side end of the reciprocating screw (75), the outer wall of the rectangular air box (71) is fixedly connected to an air intake pipe (710) and an exhaust check valve (711), the air intake end of the air intake pipe (710) is fixedly connected to the air outlet end of the exhaust check valve (612), the outer wall of the reciprocating screw (75) located on the outer side of the rectangular air box (71) is fixedly sleeved with a driving sprocket (712), and the outer walls of the driving sprocket (712) and the driven sprocket (67) are jointly sleeved with a transmission chain (713).

5. The unburned ceramsite processing and granulation equipment according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The outlet end of the exhaust check valve (711) is fixedly connected to an exhaust pipe (15), the outlet end of the exhaust pipe (15) passes through the inner wall of the top end of the material guide cover and extends to the outlet hole of the material guide hopper (5), and the radius of the driven sprocket (67) is half the radius of the driving sprocket (712).

6. The unburned ceramsite processing and granulation equipment according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The powder recovery mechanism (8) comprises a hollow shaft servo motor (81) fixedly sleeved with the outer wall of the connecting pipe (13); the hollow shaft servo motor (81) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the top plate (11); the upper surface of the top plate (11) is fixedly connected to an air pump (82); the air outlet end of the air pump (82) is fixedly connected to a conveying pipe (83); the outer wall of the discharge end of the conveying pipe (83) is fixedly connected to the top of the granulating disk scraper (2); the air inlet end of the air pump (82) is fixedly connected to an air extraction pipe (84); The air inlet end of the tube (84) is sealed and connected to the top end of the connecting tube (13) via a third sealing bearing; the bottom end of the connecting tube (13) is movably sleeved with a lifting cylinder (85); the bottom end of the lifting cylinder (85) is fixedly sleeved with a concave screening mesh plate (86); the bottom end of the concave screening mesh plate (86) is fixedly connected with a bottom cover (87); the bottom end of the connecting tube (13) is fixedly connected with a sealing ring (88) for sealing and movably connecting with the inner wall of the lifting cylinder (85); and the outer wall of the connecting tube (13) is fixedly sleeved with an adjusting mechanism (9).

7. The unfired ceramsite processing and granulation equipment according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The regulating mechanism (9) comprises a retaining ring (91) fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the connecting tube (13); a return spring (92) sleeved on the outer wall of the connecting tube (13); two ends of the return spring (92) are respectively fixedly connected to the lower surface of the retaining ring (91) and the upper surface of the lifting cylinder (85); an insulating rod (93) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the retaining ring (91); a variable resistance conductive rod (94) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the insulating rod (93); a conductive ring (95) is sleeved on the rod wall of the variable resistance conductive rod (94); and the outer wall of the conductive ring (95) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the lifting cylinder (85).

8. The unfired ceramsite processing and granulation equipment according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The outer wall of the disc granulator body (1) is fixedly connected to a hollow ring (16), the inner wall of the hollow ring (16) is provided with a plurality of air inlet holes (17), the outer wall of the hollow ring (16) is fixedly connected to a suction pipe (18), and the air outlet end of the suction pipe (18) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the air inlet pipe (710).

9. A preparation process for the unfired ceramsite processing and granulation equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, firstly, adjusting the angle of the disc granulator body (1) by adjusting the bracket (4), and starting the disc granulator body (1), then adjusting the position of the granulation disc scraper (2) by the scraper mounting frame (3), then arranging a water spray device for granulation at the granulation position of the disc granulator body (1), and finally conveying the mixed powdered ceramsite raw material to the disc granulator body (1) by the feeder for rotary granulation, and the ball forming disc angle of the disc granulator body (1) is 40-55 degrees, and the rotation speed is 10-15r / min; S2, then recovering the powdered ceramsite raw material discharged along with the formed ceramsite through a powder recovery mechanism (8); S3, the formed ceramsite then falls into the ceramsite compactness improving mechanism (6) through the guide hopper (5), and the ceramsite compactness improving process is performed; S4. After the compactness of the formed ceramsite is improved, it is transported to the coating machine through a belt conveyor to make a shell. The shelled ceramsite is placed in a resting bin for natural rest for 4-6 hours. The formed ceramsite after resting is then placed in an autoclave for autoclaving for 4 hours to obtain the sludge unburned ceramsite; S5. In step S4, the steam temperature in the autoclave for 4 hours is 130-180 degrees Celsius.

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