Device and method for measuring mechanical properties of thickened oil-water interface by simulating oil reservoir conditions

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and method for measuring the mechanical property of a thick oil-water interface by simulating oil reservoir conditions, and relates to the technical field of chemical cold production of thick oil, and the device comprises a thick oil injection module, a water injection module, a high-temperature and high-pressure bin module and a data acquisition and calculation and injection pump control module; the thick oil injection module is connected with the high-temperature and high-pressure bin module, and the thick oil injection module is configured to inject thick oil into the high-temperature and high-pressure bin module; the water injection module is connected with the high-temperature and high-pressure bin module and is configured to inject water into the high-temperature and high-pressure bin module; and the data acquisition calculation and injection pump control module is connected with the high-temperature and high-pressure bin module and the thick oil injection module, and is configured to acquire parameters such as temperature and pressure in a high-temperature and high-pressure cavity, obtain a hanging drop outline image in the high-temperature and high-pressure bin module and control the thick oil injection process in the thick oil injection module. The device solves the problem that most devices at present cannot measure the mechanical properties of the heavy oil-water interface under the real oil reservoir condition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of chemical cold recovery of heavy oil, and in particular to a device and method for measuring mechanical properties of a heavy oil-water interface under simulated reservoir conditions. Background Art

[0002] Interfacial mechanical properties such as interfacial tension and interfacial dilation modulus play a vital role in many fields, such as food processing, biomedicine, oilfield development, and care product research and development. These properties not only affect the quality and performance of the product, but are also directly related to the efficiency and safety of the production process. Especially in the field of oilfield development, emulsification viscosity reduction is the main way to reduce the viscosity of heavy oil cold production, and the mechanical properties of the oil-water interface are important factors affecting the formation and stability of the emulsion.

[0003] Interfacial tension is the contraction force acting on the unit length of the liquid interface, and its value is equal to the specific interfacial energy. Generally, the adsorption of interfacial active substances on the interface will reduce the interfacial tension. When the adsorption reaches equilibrium, the interfacial tension no longer changes. The interfacial tension at this time is called the equilibrium interfacial tension. In the process of heavy oil cold production and viscosity reduction, the interfacial tension of the oil-water interface has a direct impact on the formation and stability of the emulsion. The magnitude of the equilibrium interfacial tension is directly related to the spontaneous destruction tendency of the emulsion. A larger equilibrium interfacial tension means that the emulsion is more likely to spontaneously destroy, which may reduce the efficiency of heavy oil production. The interfacial dilation modulus is an important parameter to measure the ability of the oil-water interface to resist disturbances. As the concentration of active substances on the oil-water interface increases, the elastic modulus of the interfacial film will also increase, which means that the ability of the interface to resist external disturbances is enhanced. The measurement of the interfacial dilation modulus is crucial for analyzing the response characteristics of the oil-water interface when subjected to external disturbances.

[0004] However, most of the current measurement devices for interfacial dilation modulus and interfacial tension are carried out under normal temperature and pressure conditions, which cannot truly simulate the interfacial mechanical properties under reservoir conditions, which to a certain extent limits the accuracy and practicality of the measurement results. Summary of the invention

[0005] In the embodiments of the present application, by providing a device and method for measuring the mechanical properties of the heavy oil-water interface under simulated reservoir conditions, the problem that most of the current measurement devices for the interface dilation modulus and interfacial tension are carried out under normal temperature and pressure conditions and cannot truly simulate the interface mechanical properties under reservoir conditions, which to a certain extent limits the accuracy and practicality of the measurement results, is solved.

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a device for measuring the mechanical properties of a heavy oil-water interface under simulated reservoir conditions, comprising a heavy oil injection module, a water injection module, a high-temperature and high-pressure chamber module, and a data acquisition, calculation, and injection pump control module; the heavy oil injection module is connected to the high-temperature and high-pressure chamber module, and the heavy oil injection module is configured to inject heavy oil into the high-temperature and high-pressure chamber module; the water injection module is connected to the high-temperature and high-pressure chamber module, and the water injection module is configured to inject water into the high-temperature and high-pressure chamber module; the data acquisition, calculation, and injection pump control module are respectively connected to the high-temperature and high-pressure chamber module and the heavy oil injection module, and the data acquisition, calculation, and injection pump control module is configured to control the heavy oil injection process in the heavy oil injection module, and to obtain a hanging drop profile image and temperature and pressure information in the high-temperature and high-pressure chamber module.

[0007] In a possible implementation, the heavy oil injection module includes a high-pressure single-drop injection pump, a high-pressure oscillating injection pump and a heavy oil heating device; one end of the high-pressure single-drop injection pump and the high-pressure oscillating injection pump is connected to the data acquisition calculation and injection pump control module through a control circuit, and the other end is connected to the high-temperature and high-pressure warehouse module through a pipeline; the heavy oil heating device is located on the pipeline connecting the high-pressure single-drop injection pump and the high-pressure oscillating injection pump to the high-temperature and high-pressure warehouse module.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the water injection module includes a high-pressure liquid injection device, a liquid storage tank, and a first valve; one end of the high-pressure liquid injection device is connected to the liquid storage tank, and the other end is connected to the high-temperature and high-pressure chamber module through a pipeline; the first valve is arranged on the pipeline between the high-pressure liquid injection device and the liquid storage tank.

[0009] In a possible implementation, the high-temperature and high-pressure chamber module includes an annular electric heating jacket, a high-temperature and high-pressure hanging drop chamber, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a second valve; the annular electric heating jacket is arranged on the outside of the high-temperature and high-pressure hanging drop chamber; the high-temperature and high-pressure hanging drop chamber is provided with two windows; one end of the high-temperature and high-pressure hanging drop chamber is connected to the high-pressure injection device through a pipeline, and the other end is connected to the high-pressure single titration injection pump and the high-pressure oscillation injection pump through a pipeline; the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor are respectively arranged in the high-temperature and high-pressure hanging drop chamber, and are connected to the data acquisition calculation and injection pump control module; the second valve is arranged on the pipeline at the bottom of the high-temperature and high-pressure hanging drop chamber.

[0010] In a possible implementation, the data acquisition calculation and injection pump control module includes a camera, a light source and a computer; after the camera and the light source are connected to the computer, they are respectively installed on the outsides of two windows of the high-temperature and high-pressure hanging drop chamber, and the camera is configured to collect the contour information of the hanging drop in the high-temperature and high-pressure hanging drop chamber;

[0011] The computer is configured to collect data from the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor and perform fitting calculation on the collected hanging drop profile information, and is configured to control the high-pressure single titration injection pump and the high-pressure oscillation injection pump.

[0012] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for using a device for measuring mechanical properties of a heavy oil-water interface under simulated reservoir conditions, comprising: opening a first valve, closing a second valve, injecting water from a liquid storage tank into a high-pressure liquid injection device, closing the first valve, and controlling the high-pressure liquid injection device to inject water into a high-temperature and high-pressure hanging drop chamber along a pipeline; setting a heating temperature of an annular electric heating jacket and turning on a heating function to heat the high-temperature and high-pressure hanging drop chamber; turning on a computer, a light source, and a camera, and monitoring the temperature and pressure values ​​in the high-temperature and high-pressure hanging drop chamber through a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor; when the temperature and pressure values ​​reach preset values, controlling the high-pressure liquid injection device to stop pressurizing, and turning off the heating function of the annular electric heating jacket; a computer controls a high-pressure single-dose injection pump, and after heating the heavy oil to the same temperature as the water in the high-temperature and high-pressure hanging drop chamber through a heavy oil heating device, injects the heavy oil into the high-temperature and high-pressure hanging drop chamber along a pipeline to form a hanging drop; using a camera and a light source to shoot and record the contour information of the oil drop at the end of the pipeline in the high-temperature and high-pressure hanging drop chamber, calculate the interfacial tension between the heavy oil and water, and draw a curve of the change of the interfacial tension over time.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the method further includes: using a data acquisition calculation and injection pump control module to control a high-pressure oscillating injection pump, injecting heavy oil into a high-temperature and high-pressure hanging drop chamber through a heavy oil heating device to form hanging drops, and using a computer to control the high-pressure oscillating injection pump to generate sinusoidal oscillations, and setting relevant parameters of the sinusoidal oscillations on the computer, and calculating the interface expansion modulus through the collected interfacial tension and the hanging drop interface area; wherein the set parameters include frequency, amplitude and period; when the experiment is completed, saving the experimental data, opening the second valve, draining the liquid in the high-temperature and high-pressure hanging drop chamber, and cleaning.

[0014] In a possible implementation, the interfacial tension between heavy oil and water is calculated, including: measuring the average radius of curvature of a point on the pendant drop profile; measuring the radius of curvature at the vertex of the pendant drop; measuring or determining the density difference, gravitational acceleration and characteristic length for dimensionless conversion of the two-phase liquid; establishing the relationship between the static pressure difference and the interfacial tension and the radius of curvature at any point on the pendant drop surface; calculating the average radius of curvature at any point using a geometric relationship, and jointly forming an equation including the interfacial tension, thereby calculating the interfacial tension value between heavy oil and water.

[0015] In one possible implementation, calculating the interface dilation modulus includes: according to the formula Calculate the interfacial expansion modulus; where ε is the interfacial expansion modulus; γ is the interfacial tension value, and A is the interfacial area.

[0016] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects:

[0017] The embodiment of the present application provides a device for measuring the mechanical properties of the heavy oil-water interface under simulated reservoir conditions. Through the heavy oil injection module and the water injection module, combined with the high temperature and high pressure chamber module, the high temperature and high pressure environment of the underground reservoir can be accurately simulated, so that the test of the mechanical properties of the heavy oil-water interface is closer to the actual reservoir conditions, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the experimental results. The data acquisition calculation and injection pump control module can not only control the heavy oil injection process, realize accurate injection and dynamic adjustment, but also obtain the hanging drop profile image in the high temperature and high pressure chamber module in real time, and combine the data of the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor to realize comprehensive monitoring and data acquisition of the experimental conditions, providing rich and accurate data support for the subsequent mechanical property analysis. By recording the hanging drop profile information through the camera and light source, combined with the data processing capability of the computer, the interfacial tension between the heavy oil and water can be quickly and accurately calculated, and the interfacial tension change curve with time can be drawn, providing researchers with intuitive and dynamic observation and analysis means. The high-pressure oscillating injection pump in the device can be used to generate sinusoidal oscillations, further expanding the functionality of the experiment, so that the device can measure more mechanical property parameters such as interface expansion modulus, and meet different research needs. The entire experimental process is highly automated, reducing the errors and tediousness of manual operation and improving experimental efficiency. At the same time, after the experiment, the liquid in the high-temperature and high-pressure chamber module can be discharged and cleaned through simple operations, which is convenient for quick preparation for the next experiment. This solves the problem that most of the current measurement devices for interfacial expansion modulus and interfacial tension are carried out under normal temperature and pressure conditions, and cannot truly simulate the interfacial mechanical properties under reservoir conditions, which to a certain extent limits the accuracy and practicality of the measurement results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a device for measuring mechanical properties of a heavy oil-water interface under simulated reservoir conditions provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the calculation principle of the heavy oil-water interfacial tension fitting;

[0021] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the droplet profile of a hanging drop in a high-temperature and high-pressure hanging drop chamber at different pressures and temperatures provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0022] Figure numerals: 1-heavy oil injection module; 11-high-pressure single titration injection pump; 12-high-pressure oscillating injection pump; 13-heavy oil heating device; 2-water injection module; 21-high-pressure liquid injection device; 22-liquid storage tank; 23-first valve; 3-high-temperature and high-pressure chamber module; 31-annular electric heating jacket; 32-high-temperature and high-pressure hanging drop chamber; 33-temperature sensor; 34-pressure sensor; 35-second valve; 36-window; 4-data acquisition calculation and injection pump control module; 41-camera; 42-light source; 43-computer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. The terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be a connection between the two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0024] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a device for measuring mechanical properties of a heavy oil-water interface under simulated reservoir conditions provided in an embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. Figure 1 As shown, it includes a heavy oil injection module 1, a formation water injection module 2, a high temperature and high pressure chamber module 3 and a data acquisition calculation and injection pump control module 4.

[0026] Specifically, the heavy oil injection module 1 is connected to the high temperature and high pressure chamber module 3, and the heavy oil injection module 1 is configured to inject heavy oil into the high temperature and high pressure chamber module 3. The water injection module 2 is connected to the high temperature and high pressure chamber module 3, and the water injection module 2 is configured to inject water into the high temperature and high pressure chamber module 3. The data acquisition calculation and injection pump control module 4 is respectively connected to the high temperature and high pressure chamber module 3 and the heavy oil injection module 1, and the data acquisition calculation and injection pump control module 4 is configured to control the heavy oil injection process in the heavy oil injection module 1, and obtain information such as temperature, pressure and hanging drop profile in the high temperature and high pressure chamber module 3.

[0027] Further, the heavy oil injection module 1 includes a high-pressure single titration injection pump 11, a high-pressure oscillation injection pump 12 and a heavy oil heating device 13. One end of the high-pressure single titration injection pump 11 and the high-pressure oscillation injection pump 12 is connected to the data acquisition calculation and injection pump control module 4 through a control circuit, and the other end is connected to the high-temperature and high-pressure chamber module 3 through a pipeline. The heavy oil heating device 13 is located on the pipeline connecting the high-pressure single titration injection pump 11 and the high-pressure oscillation injection pump 12 to the high-temperature and high-pressure chamber module 3.

[0028] Specifically, the heavy oil injection module 1 is intended to form hanging drops in the high temperature and high pressure chamber module 3 simulating reservoir conditions. The high pressure single titration injection pump 11 can be accurately controlled by the data acquisition calculation and injection pump control module 4. The formation of stable hanging drops in the high temperature and high pressure chamber module 3 helps to accurately calculate the subsequent interfacial tension and provide researchers with valuable data on the mechanical properties of the heavy oil-water interface. The high pressure oscillation injection pump 12 focuses on measuring the interfacial expansion modulus of the interface between heavy oil and water. By covering a wide range of measurement frequencies (0.001-30Hz) and amplitude ranges (0%-100%), it can simulate the disturbance of the oil-water interface under reservoir conditions to a deeper degree, and with the help of a preset automation program, it can efficiently complete the test tasks of the parameters related to the mechanical properties of the interface within the specified parameter range, greatly improving the flexibility and efficiency of the experiment. The heavy oil heating device 13 is set on the pipelines of the two injection pumps leading to the high temperature and high pressure chamber module 3 to ensure that the heavy oil reaches the required temperature state before being transported to the high temperature and high pressure chamber. This design is crucial for simulating the high temperature environment deep in the reservoir, ensuring that the experimental conditions are highly close to reality. According to the experimental requirements, the high-pressure single-drop injection pump 11 and the high-pressure oscillating injection pump 12 accurately inject the heated heavy oil into the high-temperature and high-pressure hanging drop chamber 32 in the high-temperature and high-pressure chamber module 3 to form a stable hanging drop for subsequent observation and analysis. The heavy oil injection module 1 is not only suitable for crude oil with low viscosity, but also for heavy oil with high viscosity. The measured viscosity range of heavy oil can reach up to 100Pa·s (viscosity of heavy oil at 25°C).

[0029] Specifically, the water injection module 2 includes a high-pressure liquid injection device 21, a liquid reservoir 22, and a first valve 23. One end of the high-pressure liquid injection device 21 is connected to the liquid reservoir 22, and the other end is connected to the high-temperature and high-pressure chamber module 3 through a pipeline. The first valve 23 is arranged on the pipeline between the high-pressure liquid injection device 21 and the liquid reservoir 22. The high-pressure liquid injection device 21 has a strong pressure regulation capability, and its capacity and material are carefully designed. The system material is stainless steel and PTFE sealing material is used. The liquid reservoir 22 is used as a storage container for water samples. It is connected to the high-pressure liquid injection device 21 through the first valve 23. The connection adopts a sealing element to ensure the pressure stability of the high-temperature and high-pressure chamber module 3. The high-pressure liquid injection device 21 injects the solution in the liquid reservoir 22 into the high-temperature and high-pressure hanging drop chamber 32 at a specific pressure. The first valve 23 is arranged on the pipeline between the high-pressure liquid injection device 21 and the liquid reservoir 22, and plays a key switch role. Before the experiment begins, the first valve 23 is opened to allow the water in the liquid storage tank 22 to flow into the high-pressure liquid injection device 21; during or after the experiment, the first valve 23 is closed to cut off the water flow to prevent the water from continuing to be injected or flowing back. This design not only ensures the safety of the experimental process, but also improves the flexibility and controllability of the experiment.

[0030] In the embodiment of the present application, the water in the liquid reservoir 22 can be various types of liquids, including but not limited to deionized water, formation water (water from underground oil reservoirs, containing various minerals and dissolved gases, which can more realistically simulate the oil reservoir environment), oil field produced water (a mixture of crude oil, natural gas and water extracted from oil wells), oil field injection water (water artificially injected underground to maintain reservoir pressure and improve recovery rate) and oil displacement solution (a solution containing specific chemical additives, commonly used to improve the fluidity of crude oil). The water in the liquid reservoir 22 in the embodiment of the present application can also be replaced by a cold recovery agent solution. This diversity provides a wider selection space for experiments, making the experimental results more representative and practical.

[0031] Specifically, the high temperature and high pressure chamber module 3 includes an annular electric heating sleeve 31, a high temperature and high pressure hanging drop chamber 32, a temperature sensor 33, a pressure sensor 34 and a second valve 35. The annular electric heating sleeve 31 is arranged on the outside of the high temperature and high pressure hanging drop chamber 32. The high temperature and high pressure hanging drop chamber 32 is provided with two windows 36. One end of the high temperature and high pressure hanging drop chamber 32 is connected to the high pressure injection device 21 through a pipeline, and the other end is connected to the high pressure single titration injection pump 11 and the high pressure oscillation injection pump 12 through a pipeline. The temperature sensor 33 and the pressure sensor 34 are respectively arranged in the high temperature and high pressure hanging drop chamber 32, and are connected to the data acquisition calculation and injection pump control module 4. The second valve 35 is arranged on the pipeline at the bottom of the high temperature and high pressure hanging drop chamber 32.

[0032] Furthermore, the annular electric heating sleeve 31 is used as a heating element of the high-temperature and high-pressure chamber module 3. The annular electric heating sleeve 31 is tightly wrapped around the outside of the high-temperature and high-pressure hanging drop chamber 32 to ensure that the temperature in the hanging drop chamber can quickly and evenly reach the set value. The heating temperature range of the annular electric heating sleeve 31 is wide, up to 200°C, which meets the simulation requirements for high-temperature reservoir conditions. The high-temperature and high-pressure hanging drop chamber 32 is used to simulate the high-temperature and high-pressure reservoir environment. One end of the high-temperature and high-pressure hanging drop chamber 32 is connected to the high-pressure injection device 21 through a pipeline to receive water samples from the reservoir 22; the other end is connected to the high-pressure single-titration injection pump 11 and the high-pressure oscillation injection pump 12 to achieve precise injection of heavy oil. It is designed with two windows 36, allowing researchers to directly observe the experimental phenomena in the hanging drop chamber without destroying the sealed environment. The high-temperature and high-pressure hanging drop chamber 32 can withstand a working pressure of up to 40MPa and a working temperature of 200°C, ensuring that the experimental conditions can simulate the extreme environment deep in the reservoir. Temperature sensor 33 and pressure sensor 34 are respectively arranged in high temperature and high pressure hanging drop chamber 32, monitor and record temperature and pressure data in the experimental process in real time. These data can be transmitted to data acquisition calculation and injection pump control module 4 in real time, provide accurate experimental condition feedback for researchers, and ensure the reliability of experimental results. Second valve 35 is arranged on the pipeline at the bottom of high temperature and high pressure hanging drop chamber 32, for controlling the discharge of liquid in high temperature and high pressure hanging drop chamber 32. After the experiment is finished or when the experimental sample needs to be changed, by opening the second valve 35, the liquid in high temperature and high pressure hanging drop chamber 32 can be discharged, so as to carry out the next experiment.

[0033] Specifically, the data acquisition calculation and injection pump control module 4 includes a camera 41, a light source 42 and a computer 43. After the camera 41 and the light source 42 are connected to the computer 43, they are respectively installed on the outside of the two windows 36 of the high temperature and high pressure hanging drop chamber 32. The camera 41 is configured to collect the contour information of the hanging drop in the high temperature and high pressure hanging drop chamber 32. The computer 43 is configured to collect data from the temperature sensor 33 and the pressure sensor 34, and is configured to control the high pressure single titration injection pump 11 and the high pressure oscillation injection pump 12.

[0034] Further, the camera 41 is installed outside a window 36 of the high temperature and high pressure hanging drop chamber 32. It has high resolution and fast imaging capabilities, and can record the hanging drop profile information in the high temperature and high pressure hanging drop chamber 32 in real time. The camera 41 is connected to the computer 43 via a data line, and the real-time image is transmitted to the computer 43 for processing and analysis. In order to ensure that the camera 41 can capture clear and bright images, the light source 42 is installed outside another window 36. The light source 42 is a monochromatic cold light LED backlight light source with adjustable brightness to eliminate the influence of the thermal radiation generated by the annular electric heating sleeve 31 on the image quality, and highlight the droplet profile information in the hanging drop chamber. The light source 42 is also connected to the computer 43, allowing researchers to adjust the lighting conditions according to experimental requirements. The computer 43, as the control center of the entire data acquisition calculation and injection pump control module 4, is not only responsible for receiving and displaying the real-time image from the camera 41, but also bears the heavy responsibility of data processing and analysis. The computer 43 is configured to be able to collect data from the temperature sensor 33 and the pressure sensor 34, and monitor the temperature and pressure changes in the high temperature and high pressure hanging drop chamber 32 in real time. At the same time, the computer 43 is also connected to the high-pressure single titration injection pump 11 and the high-pressure oscillation injection pump 12 through a control line to achieve precise control of the injection pump operation. The researchers can set experimental parameters, start and stop experiments, and calculate interface mechanical property parameters and analyze experimental results in real time through the computer 43.

[0035] The embodiment of the present application also provides a method for using a device for measuring mechanical properties of a heavy oil-water interface under simulated reservoir conditions, comprising the following steps.

[0036] Open the first valve 23, close the second valve 35, inject the water in the liquid storage tank 22 into the high-pressure liquid injection device 21, close the first valve 23, and control the high-pressure liquid injection device 21 to inject water into the high-temperature and high-pressure hanging drop chamber 32 along the pipeline.

[0037] The heating temperature of the annular electric heating jacket 31 is set and the heating function is turned on to heat the high-temperature and high-pressure hanging drop chamber 32 to simulate the high-temperature conditions of the oil reservoir.

[0038] The computer 43 , the light source 42 and the camera 41 are turned on, and the temperature and pressure values ​​in the high-temperature and high-pressure hanging drop chamber 32 are monitored by the temperature sensor 33 and the pressure sensor 34 .

[0039] When the temperature and pressure values ​​reach the preset values, the high-pressure liquid injection device 21 is controlled to stop pressurizing, and the heating function of the annular electric heating sleeve 31 is turned off.

[0040] The computer 43 controls the high-pressure single-dose injection pump 11 to heat the heavy oil to the same temperature as the water in the high-temperature and high-pressure hanging drop chamber 32 through the heavy oil heating device 13, and then injects it into the high-temperature and high-pressure hanging drop chamber 32 along the pipeline to form hanging drops.

[0041] The camera 41 and the light source 42 are used to capture and record the contour image of the oil drop at the end of the pipeline in the high-temperature and high-pressure hanging drop chamber 32, calculate the interfacial tension between the heavy oil and water, and draw a curve of the change of the interfacial tension over time.

[0042] The high-pressure oscillating injection pump 12 is controlled by the data acquisition calculation and injection pump control module 4, and the heavy oil is injected into the high-temperature and high-pressure hanging drop chamber 32 through the heavy oil heating device 13 to form hanging drops, and the high-pressure oscillating injection pump 12 is controlled by the computer 43 to generate sinusoidal oscillations, and the relevant parameters of the sinusoidal oscillations are set on the computer 43, and the interface expansion modulus is calculated by the collected interfacial tension and the hanging drop interface area. The set parameters include frequency, amplitude and period.

[0043] The present application utilizes piezoelectric ceramics to drive the push rod of the high-pressure oscillating injection pump 12 to produce sinusoidal movement, so that the interface area of ​​the hanging drop in the high-temperature and high-pressure hanging drop chamber 32 will also produce sinusoidal changes. Finally, by recognizing and recording the hanging drop image, the changes in the interfacial tension and the interfacial area are calculated respectively, thereby calculating the interfacial expansion modulus, elastic modulus and viscous modulus. The measurement frequency range is [0.001Hz, 30Hz], and the amplitude range is [0%, 100%].

[0044] Specifically, the expansion modulus is expressed in complex form, including the elastic modulus and the viscous modulus, which respectively reflect the energy change of the interface molecules deviating from the equilibrium state due to the disturbance when the interface is disturbed by the external environment and the relaxation process of the diffusion exchange of the interface molecules between the interface and the bulk phase due to the disturbance.

[0045] When the experiment is finished, the experimental data is saved, the second valve 35 is opened, the liquid in the high-temperature and high-pressure hanging drop chamber 32 is discharged, and cleaning is performed.

[0046] Furthermore, the calculation of the interfacial tension between heavy oil and water mainly includes the collection and processing of droplet profile images, the solution of differential equations, and the optimal solution processing of differential equations.

[0047] The collection and processing of the droplet contour image mainly includes boundary extraction and coordinate conversion. The boundary of the droplet contour is collected using a high-speed camera 41 (with a maximum frame rate of 1500 frames) and a light source 42 (a monochromatic cold light LED backlight source with adjustable brightness). The pipeline extending into the high-temperature and high-pressure hanging drop chamber 32 is calibrated according to the actual size, thereby converting the pixel coordinates of the droplet contour into the actual physical size.

[0048] The solution of differential equations is mainly to solve the Young-Laplace equation. The solution process mainly includes: measuring the average radius of curvature of a certain point on the pendant drop contour. Measuring the radius of curvature at the vertex of the pendant drop. Measuring or determining the density difference, gravitational acceleration and characteristic length for dimensionless conversion of the two-phase liquid. Establishing the relationship between the static pressure difference at any point on the pendant drop surface and the interfacial tension and the radius of curvature at that point. Using geometric relationships to calculate the average radius of curvature at any point, a combined equation containing interfacial tension is formed to calculate the interfacial tension value between heavy oil and water. Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the calculation principle of the heavy oil-water interfacial tension fitting is shown in Figure 2. Figure 2 As shown in the figure, any point P on the drop interface is selected for static analysis. The static pressure difference ΔP it is subjected to is composed of the pressure P0 outside the hanging drop (usually atmospheric pressure or reference pressure) and the pressure difference caused by the density difference Δρ between the inside and outside of the hanging drop and the gravitational acceleration g. The static pressure difference at point P can be expressed as: ΔP = P0-Δρgz. For point P on the hanging drop, according to the Young-Laplace formula, its pressure difference can also be expressed as Among them, R C (z) is the mean radius of curvature at point P on the surface, which is the harmonic mean of the two principal radii of curvature R1 and R2. According to the geometric relationship, the reciprocals of the main curvature radii R1 and R2 are expressed as Among them, Ф is the angle between the tangent line at point P on the pendant drop contour line and the x-axis, s is the arc length from point P to the origin, and x is the horizontal coordinate of point P.

[0049] Combining the above formulas, we can get Where R0 is the radius of curvature at the vertex, and according to the geometric relationship, for any point P on the pendant drop contour:

[0050] Combining the above formulas, we can get And define the dimensionless number and B is the shape factor of the pendant drop profile, a is the capillary length, Interfacial tension expression

[0051] The optimal solution of the differential equation mainly includes the optimization solution of the shape factor B and the curvature radius R0 of the pendant drop vertex. First, R0 is fixed and then B is solved iteratively. After obtaining the optimal solution of B, it is used as a fixed value and then R0 is solved. Finally, when the B shape factor is between 0.4 and 0.5, the fitted pendant drop contour has the best fitting effect with the actual droplet contour.

[0052] Specifically, the interfacial expansion modulus is calculated, including: according to the formula Calculate the interfacial expansion modulus. Where ε is the interfacial expansion modulus, γ is the interfacial tension value, and A is the interfacial area.

[0053] In order to further analyze the relaxation process when the interface is disturbed, the expansion modulus is expressed as a complex number ε = ε d +iωη d , ε d =|ε|cosθ,ωη d =|ε|sinθ. d The elastic part representing the dilation modulus is called the elastic modulus, ωη d represents the contribution of the viscous part to the dilation modulus, called the viscous modulus, ω is the frequency of the sinusoidal change of the interface area, η d is the dilational viscosity, and θ is the phase difference between the periodic change of interfacial tension and the periodic change of interfacial area.

[0054] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the droplet profile of a hanging drop in a high-temperature and high-pressure hanging drop chamber at different pressures and temperatures provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 (a) is a schematic diagram of the droplet profile under a pressure of 0.1 MPa and a temperature of 85°C. Figure 3 (b) is a schematic diagram of the droplet profile of a hanging drop at a pressure of 40 MPa and a temperature of 200°C.

[0055] This application can simulate the conditions of high temperature and high pressure reservoirs to measure the interfacial mechanical properties of heavy oil and water or cold recovery agents, calculate the interfacial tension, dilation modulus, elastic modulus and viscous modulus, and thus deeply study the interfacial rheological properties of heavy oil-water, thereby guiding the research and development of viscosity reducers and improving the recovery efficiency of heavy oil.

[0056] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

[0057] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, a person of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features thereof may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the present application.

Claims

1. A device for measuring mechanical properties of heavy oil-water interface under simulated reservoir conditions, characterized in that: It comprises a heavy oil injection module (1), a water injection module (2), a high temperature and high pressure chamber module (3) and a data acquisition calculation and injection pump control module (4); The heavy oil injection module (1) is connected to the high temperature and high pressure chamber module (3), and the heavy oil injection module (1) is configured to inject heavy oil into the high temperature and high pressure chamber module (3); The water injection module (2) is connected to the high-temperature and high-pressure chamber module (3), and the water injection module (2) is configured to inject water into the high-temperature and high-pressure chamber module (3); The data acquisition calculation and injection pump control module (4) is connected to the high temperature and high pressure chamber module (3) and the heavy oil injection module (1) respectively, and the data acquisition calculation and injection pump control module (4) is configured to control the heavy oil injection process in the heavy oil injection module (1), and to obtain a hanging drop profile image and temperature and pressure information in the high temperature and high pressure chamber module (3).

2. The device for measuring mechanical properties of heavy oil-water interface under simulated reservoir conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heavy oil injection module (1) comprises a high-pressure single-dose injection pump (11), a high-pressure oscillating injection pump (12) and a heavy oil heating device (13); One end of the high-pressure single titration injection pump (11) and the high-pressure oscillation injection pump (12) is connected to the data acquisition calculation and injection pump control module (4) through a control circuit, and the other end is connected to the high-temperature and high-pressure chamber module (3) through a pipeline; The thick oil heating device (13) is located on the pipeline connecting the high-pressure single-dose injection pump (11) and the high-pressure oscillation injection pump (12) with the high-temperature and high-pressure chamber module (3).

3. The device for measuring mechanical properties of heavy oil-water interface under simulated reservoir conditions according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water injection module (2) comprises a high-pressure liquid injection device (21), a liquid storage tank (22), and a first valve (23); One end of the high-pressure liquid injection device (21) is connected to the liquid storage tank (22), and the other end is connected to the high-temperature and high-pressure chamber module (3) through a pipeline; The first valve (23) is arranged on the pipeline between the high-pressure liquid injection device (21) and the liquid storage tank (22).

4. The device for measuring mechanical properties of heavy oil-water interface under simulated reservoir conditions according to claim 3, characterized in that: The high-temperature and high-pressure chamber module (3) comprises an annular electric heating jacket (31), a high-temperature and high-pressure hanging drop chamber (32), a temperature sensor (33), a pressure sensor (34) and a second valve (35); The annular electric heating jacket (31) is arranged outside the high-temperature and high-pressure hanging drop chamber (32); The high temperature and high pressure hanging drop chamber (32) is provided with two viewing windows (36); One end of the high-temperature and high-pressure hanging drop chamber (32) is connected to the high-pressure liquid injection device (21) through a pipeline, and the other end is connected to the high-pressure single titration injection pump (11) and the high-pressure oscillation injection pump (12) through a pipeline; The temperature sensor (33) and the pressure sensor (34) are respectively arranged in the high-temperature and high-pressure hanging drop chamber (32), and are connected to the data acquisition calculation and injection pump control module (4); The second valve (35) is arranged on the pipeline at the bottom of the high-temperature and high-pressure hanging drop chamber (32).

5. The device for measuring mechanical properties of heavy oil-water interface under simulated reservoir conditions according to claim 4, characterized in that: The data acquisition calculation and injection pump control module (4) comprises a camera (41), a light source (42) and a computer (43); After being connected to the computer (43), the camera (41) and the light source (42) are respectively installed on the outsides of two viewing windows (36) of the high-temperature and high-pressure hanging drop chamber (32), and the camera (41) is configured to collect contour information of the hanging drop in the high-temperature and high-pressure hanging drop chamber (32); The computer (43) is configured to collect data from the temperature sensor (33) and the pressure sensor (34) and to perform fitting calculations on the collected hanging drop profile information, and is configured to control the high-pressure single titration injection pump (11) and the high-pressure oscillation injection pump (12).

6. A method for using a device for measuring mechanical properties of heavy oil-water interface under simulated reservoir conditions, characterized in that: The device for measuring mechanical properties of heavy oil-water interface using simulated reservoir conditions as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 comprises: Open the first valve (23), close the second valve (35), inject water in the liquid storage tank (22) into the high-pressure liquid injection device (21), close the first valve (23), and control the high-pressure liquid injection device (21) to inject water into the high-temperature and high-pressure hanging drop chamber (32) along the pipeline; Setting the heating temperature of the annular electric heating jacket (31) and turning on the heating function to heat the high-temperature and high-pressure hanging drop chamber (32); Turning on the computer (43) and the light source (42) and the camera (41), and monitoring the temperature and pressure in the high-temperature and high-pressure hanging drop chamber (32) through the temperature sensor (33) and the pressure sensor (34); When the temperature value and the pressure value reach the preset values, the high-pressure liquid injection device (21) is controlled to stop pressurizing, and the heating function of the annular electric heating sleeve (31) is turned off; The computer (43) controls the high-pressure single-dose injection pump (11), heats the heavy oil to the same temperature as the water in the high-temperature and high-pressure hanging drop chamber (32) through the heavy oil heating device (13), and then injects the heavy oil into the high-temperature and high-pressure hanging drop chamber (32) along the pipeline to form hanging drops; A camera (41) and a light source (42) are used to capture and record the contour information of the oil drop at the end of the pipeline in the high-temperature and high-pressure hanging drop chamber (32), the interfacial tension between the heavy oil and water is calculated, and a curve of the change of the interfacial tension over time is drawn.

7. The method for using the device for measuring mechanical properties of heavy oil-water interface under simulated reservoir conditions according to claim 6, characterized in that: Also includes: A data acquisition calculation and injection pump control module (4) is used to control a high-pressure oscillating injection pump (12), and heavy oil is injected into a high-temperature and high-pressure hanging drop chamber (32) via a heavy oil heating device (13) to form hanging drops. A computer (43) is used to control the high-pressure oscillating injection pump (12) to generate sinusoidal oscillations, and relevant parameters of the sinusoidal oscillations are set on the computer (43). The interface expansion modulus is calculated by the collected interface tension and the hanging drop interface area; wherein the set parameters include frequency, amplitude and period; When the experiment is finished, the experimental data is saved, the second valve (35) is opened, the liquid in the high temperature and high pressure hanging drop chamber (32) is discharged, and cleaning is performed.

8. The method for using the device for measuring mechanical properties of heavy oil-water interface under simulated reservoir conditions according to claim 6, characterized in that: Calculate the interfacial tension between heavy oil and water, including: Measure the average radius of curvature at a point on the pendant drop profile; Measure the radius of curvature at the apex of the hanging drop; Measure or determine the density difference, gravitational acceleration, and characteristic length for dimensionless conversion of two-phase liquids; Establish the relationship between the static pressure difference at any point on the pendant drop surface and the interfacial tension and the average radius of curvature at that point; The average radius of curvature at any point is calculated using geometric relationships, and an equation including interfacial tension is formed to calculate the interfacial tension value between heavy oil and water.

9. The method for using the device for measuring mechanical properties of heavy oil-water interface under simulated reservoir conditions according to claim 6, characterized in that: Calculate the interfacial dilation modulus, including: According to the formula Calculate the interfacial expansion modulus; where ε is the interfacial expansion modulus; γ is the interfacial tension value, and A is the interfacial area.

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