Photovoltaic component and photovoltaic power grid utilization rate improvement system

Abstract

The present invention discloses a photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic power grid utilization rate improvement system, which relates to the field of photovoltaic equipment technology, including a reflective bottom plate parallel to the ground and a reflective side plate perpendicular to the reflective bottom plate, a plurality of parallel thin-film double-sided photovoltaic panels are connected to the reflective side plate through a memory alloy plate, each thin-film double-sided photovoltaic panel is perpendicular to the reflective bottom plate and the reflective side plate, each memory alloy plate includes two memory alloy sheets riveted into one, and the two sides of the thin-film double-sided photovoltaic panel are respectively connected to a memory alloy sheet, and a plurality of slides are slidably connected to the reflective side plate, and a rotating bar is rotatably connected to each slide. In the present invention, the structural arrangement of the photovoltaic module is changed to achieve an increase in power generation in the morning and afternoon and a decrease in power generation at noon, so that the consistency of the photovoltaic power generation curve of the photovoltaic module with the power grid demand is improved from the source, the power quality of photovoltaic power generation and the safety of access to the power grid are greatly improved, and the photovoltaic grid price and power grid utilization efficiency are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic equipment, and in particular to a photovoltaic component and a photovoltaic power grid utilization rate improvement system. Background Art

[0002] Photovoltaic power generation is a technology that uses the photovoltaic effect of solar cell semiconductor materials to directly convert solar energy into electrical energy. It consists of photovoltaic panels, photovoltaic inverters, battery packs, controllers, brackets, cables, etc.

[0003] At present, the power generation curve of photovoltaic power generation does not coincide with the load curve of the power grid, which is the direct reason for the difficulty of photovoltaic power generation grid connection. At the same time, photovoltaic power generation often has the problem of excessive load fluctuation. These two points restrict the development of photovoltaic power generation. The load curve of the power grid generally shows that the load is small at noon and the load is large in the morning and afternoon. The existing technical response to this is energy storage, which makes the output curve of photovoltaic power generation as close to the power grid demand as possible, and at the same time smoothes the short-term fluctuations of power generation output, which can maximize the benefits of photovoltaic power generation.

[0004] In the prior art, the power generation curve of the photovoltaic module itself does not match the grid load curve. Although the problem is solved by building energy storage stations, the construction cost of energy storage stations is too high, and the centralized energy storage batteries can easily lead to fire hazards. Once a fire occurs, it is very difficult to extinguish. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic power grid utilization improvement system to solve the deficiencies in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a photovoltaic component, comprising a reflective bottom plate parallel to the ground and a reflective side plate perpendicular to the reflective bottom plate, a plurality of parallel thin-film double-sided photovoltaic panels are connected to the reflective side plate through a memory alloy plate, each of the thin-film double-sided photovoltaic panels is perpendicular to the reflective bottom plate and the reflective side plate, each of the memory alloy plates comprises two memory alloy sheets riveted into one, and both sides of the thin-film double-sided photovoltaic panel are connected to a memory alloy sheet respectively.

[0007] Furthermore, the reflective side panel is slidably connected to a plurality of slide seats, each slide seat is rotatably connected to a rotation bar, each rotation bar is fixedly connected to each memory alloy plate in a one-to-one correspondence, the reflective side panel is rotatably connected to the reflective bottom panel via a hinge, and the reflective side panel has a vertical position perpendicular to the reflective bottom panel and a parallel position parallel to the reflective bottom panel in its rotation stroke.

[0008] Furthermore, sleeve rods are fixedly connected between the slide seats, and connecting rods are hinged between the thin-film double-sided photovoltaic panels.

[0009] The cam is provided with a first end fixedly connected to the guide rail, and the second end is provided with a second end fixedly connected to the guide rail, and the second end is provided with a second end fixedly connected to the guide rail.

[0010] Furthermore, the driving assembly includes an electric push rod, a base of the electric push rod is fixedly mounted on the reflective side plate, and a power output end of the electric push rod is fixedly connected to the slider.

[0011] Furthermore, the spacing between two adjacent thin-film double-sided photovoltaic panels is greater than the width of the thin-film double-sided photovoltaic panels.

[0012] The present invention also provides a photovoltaic power grid utilization rate improvement system, comprising the above-mentioned photovoltaic component, and also comprising a bypass diode, a current limiting resistor, a bidirectional trigger tube, a reverse isolation diode and a plurality of battery modules connected in series, the sum of the voltages of the battery modules after being connected in series is 105% of the maximum power point voltage of the photovoltaic component, each battery module comprises a fireproof housing and a storage battery and a Zener diode connected in parallel, the Zener voltage of the Zener diode is 110-115% of the rated voltage of a single storage battery, the bidirectional trigger tube and the reverse isolation diode are connected in parallel to form a first module, the battery modules, the first module and the current limiting resistor are connected in series in sequence to form a second module, the second module and the bypass diode are connected in parallel to the output terminal of the photovoltaic component, and the trigger voltage of the bidirectional trigger tube is 10-70% of the maximum power point voltage of the photovoltaic component.

[0013] Furthermore, the number of the battery modules is 1-50.

[0014] Furthermore, an explosion-proof hole is provided on the surface of the fireproof shell, and the explosion-proof hole opens when the internal air pressure of the fireproof shell is 10% higher than the standard atmospheric pressure.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a photovoltaic module, in which both sides of the thin-film double-sided photovoltaic panel can be photosensitive and generate electricity and are arranged vertically, and generate electricity by means of diffuse reflection of the reflective bottom plate and the reflective side plate. In this way, when the east side directly faces the sunlight in the morning, the power generation is large, and in the afternoon, when the west side faces the sunlight, the power generation is also large, thus achieving the improvement of power generation output in the morning and afternoon. Through the memory alloy plate, the photovoltaic module can follow the sunlight, further improving the power generation. Since the module is basically perpendicular to the sun at noon, the power generation is small, thus achieving the approach of the power grid load curve. Different from the existing photovoltaic power generation curve, which is the largest at noon and smaller during the peak electricity consumption in the morning and afternoon, the present invention changes the structural arrangement of the photovoltaic module, realizes the improvement of power generation in the morning and afternoon, and reduces it at noon, thus improving the consistency of the photovoltaic power generation curve of the photovoltaic module with the power grid demand from the source, greatly improving the power quality of photovoltaic power generation and the safety of access to the power grid, and greatly improving the photovoltaic grid price and power grid utilization efficiency.

[0016] The photovoltaic power grid utilization rate improvement system provided by the present invention designs energy storage batteries on each photovoltaic module, so that the energy storage batteries are dispersedly arranged, which not only saves the high cost of building energy storage stations, but also solves the fire hazard. Even if a fire occurs in individual modules, only a part of the photovoltaic equipment is damaged, avoiding the hidden danger of fire fighting difficulties caused by the centralized installation of batteries. The photovoltaic power grid utilization rate improvement system also realizes the smoothing effect of photovoltaic power generation and the adaptive control of photovoltaic modules charging and discharging energy storage batteries. The efficiency is greatly improved compared with traditional energy storage converters. At the same time, it also improves the output volatility of photovoltaic power generation and compensates for the output loss caused by instantaneous shading. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure provided for an embodiment of the present invention Figure I ;

[0019] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure provided for an embodiment of the present invention Figure II ;

[0020] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure provided for an embodiment of the present invention Figure III ;

[0021] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 1 A magnified view of the structure at A;

[0022] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 1 A magnified view of the structure at B in FIG.

[0023] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the connection structure between a thin-film double-sided photovoltaic panel and a memory alloy panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of the spiral guide groove and the ball provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of the embodiment of the present invention when folded;

[0026] Fig. 9 A circuit diagram provided for an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Description of reference numerals:

[0028] 100. Photovoltaic module; 1. Thin-film double-sided photovoltaic panel; 2. Reflective bottom plate; 3. Reflective side plate; 4. Memory alloy plate; 41. Memory alloy sheet; 5. Slide seat; 6. Rotating bar; 7. Sleeve rod; 8. Connecting rod; 9. Sleeve; 91. Spiral guide groove; 10. Slide rod; 101. Ball; 11. First guide groove; 111. First inclined groove; 112. First horizontal groove; 12. First slide column; 13. Rocker; 14. Sleeve; 15. Second guide groove; 151. Second inclined groove; 152. Second horizontal groove; 16. Sliding block; 17. Movable rod; 18. Second slide column; 19. Electric push rod; 20. Support rod; 21. Bypass diode; 22. Current limiting resistor; 23. Bidirectional trigger tube; 24. Reverse isolation diode; 25. Battery module; 251. Fireproof casing; 252. Energy storage battery; 253. Zener diode. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] See also Figure 1-9A photovoltaic assembly provided by an embodiment of the present invention comprises a reflective bottom plate 2 and a reflective side plate 3. The reflective bottom plate 2 is parallel to the ground and its upper surface is a reflective surface. The reflective bottom plate 2 is installed and connected to a fixed foundation such as a photovoltaic bracket. The reflective side plate 3 can be perpendicular to the reflective bottom plate 2 and its side facing the reflective bottom plate 2 is a reflective surface. The reflective side plate 3 is connected to a plurality of parallel thin-film double-sided photovoltaic panels 1 through a memory alloy plate 4. For example, the number of thin-film double-sided photovoltaic panels 1 is 2. Each thin-film double-sided photovoltaic panel 1 is perpendicular to the reflective bottom plate 2 and the reflective side plate 3. The thin-film double-sided photovoltaic panel 1 is located on the reflective side of the reflective bottom plate 2 and the reflective side plate 3. Both sides of the thin-film double-sided photovoltaic panel 1 can be photosensitive and generate electricity. A protective frame is provided around the thin-film double-sided photovoltaic panel 1. Each memory alloy plate 4 comprises two memory alloy sheets 41 riveted into one body. The two sides of the thin-film double-sided photovoltaic panel 1 are connected to a memory alloy sheet 41 respectively.

[0031] In the above technical solution, both sides of the thin-film double-sided photovoltaic panel 1 can be photosensitive to generate electricity and are arranged vertically, and the diffuse reflection of the reflective bottom plate 2 and the reflective side plate 3 is used to generate electricity. In this way, when the east side directly faces the sunlight in the morning, the power generation is large, and when the west side faces the sunlight in the afternoon, the power generation is also large, thus achieving the improvement of power generation output in the morning and afternoon. Through the memory alloy plate 4, the sunlight following of the thin-film double-sided photovoltaic panel 1 can be achieved, and the power generation is further improved. For example, in the morning, the memory alloy sheet 41 facing the east side heats up and expands under the sunlight, so that the thin-film double-sided photovoltaic panel 1 deflects to the west to face the sunlight, thereby increasing the power generation. In the afternoon, the memory alloy sheet 41 facing the west side heats up and expands under the sunlight, so that the thin-film double-sided photovoltaic panel 1 deflects to the east to face the sunlight, thereby increasing the power generation. Since the components are basically perpendicular to the sun at noon, the power generation is small. In this way, the approach to the load curve of the power grid is achieved.

[0032] Different from the existing photovoltaic power generation curve, which is the largest at noon and smaller during the peak power consumption in the morning and afternoon, the present invention changes the structural layout of the photovoltaic module 100 to achieve an increase in power generation in the morning and afternoon and a decrease at noon. This improves the consistency of the photovoltaic power generation curve of the photovoltaic module 100 with the grid demand from the source, greatly improves the power quality of photovoltaic power generation and the safety of access to the grid, and greatly improves the photovoltaic access price and grid utilization efficiency. One of the biggest drawbacks of existing photovoltaic power generation is that it cannot provide the evening peak load from 6 to 9 pm. The present invention utilizes the west-facing layout characteristics of the double-sided photovoltaic module 100 to greatly increase the power generation around 7 pm. Further, with the help of the energy storage of the energy storage battery 252, it can provide output for about two hours at night, overcoming the defect that the transmission photovoltaic power generation cannot supply power during the evening peak load.

[0033] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a plurality of slide seats 5 are slidably connected to the reflective side plate 3, and a rotating bar 6 is rotatably connected to each slide seat 5, and each rotating bar 6 is fixedly connected to each memory alloy plate 4 in a one-to-one correspondence, and the spacing between two adjacent thin-film double-sided photovoltaic panels 1 is greater than the width of the thin-film double-sided photovoltaic panel 1. The reflective side plate 3 is rotatably connected to the reflective bottom plate 2 through a hinge, and the reflective side plate 3 has a vertical position perpendicular to the reflective bottom plate 2 and a parallel position parallel to the reflective bottom plate 2 in the rotation stroke.

[0034] In the above technical scheme, each thin-film double-sided photovoltaic panel 1 is rotated respectively until it is parallel to the reflective side plate 3. At this time, the side of a thin-film double-sided photovoltaic panel 1 at the edge away from the memory alloy plate 4 is protruding from the edge of the reflective side plate 3. Then, each thin-film double-sided photovoltaic panel 1 is slid so that the side of the thin-film double-sided photovoltaic panel 1 at the edge away from the memory alloy plate 4 is aligned or stored in the reflective side plate 3, that is, it does not protrude from the edge of the reflective side plate 3. Then, the reflective side plate 3 is rotated so that the reflective side plate 3 is rotated from a state perpendicular to the reflective bottom plate 2 (i.e., the vertical position) to a state parallel to the reflective bottom plate 2 (i.e., the parallel position). In this way, when there is no power generation at night, during sandstorms, hail, heavy snow, etc., each thin-film double-sided photovoltaic panel 1 can be folded between the reflective bottom plate 2 and the reflective side plate 3, which can effectively protect the relatively fragile thin-film double-sided photovoltaic panel 1, while also protecting the memory alloy plate 4, the reflective surface of the reflective bottom plate 2, and the reflective surface of the reflective side plate 3. It can also effectively reduce wind resistance in windy weather and avoid damage to the structure of the photovoltaic module 100.

[0035] Preferably, a sleeve rod 7 is fixedly connected between each slide seat 5, and a connecting rod 8 is hinged between each thin-film double-sided photovoltaic panel 1, that is, two adjacent thin-film double-sided photovoltaic panels 1 are rotatably connected to the two ends of the connecting rod 8 in a one-to-one correspondence, the length direction of the connecting rod 8 is consistent with the length direction of the sleeve rod 7, and the connecting rod 8 is always parallel to the reflective bottom plate 2 and the reflective side plate 3. In this way, a parallel linkage mechanism is formed between the connecting rod 8, the two adjacent thin-film double-sided photovoltaic panels 1 and the sleeve rod 7, which can make each thin-film double-sided photovoltaic panel 1 slide and rotate synchronously, that is, only one of the thin-film double-sided photovoltaic panels 1 needs to be slid or rotated, and the sleeve rod 7 and the connecting rod 8 can drive the other thin-film double-sided photovoltaic panels 1 to slide or rotate together.

[0036] As a further preferred technical solution of the present invention, a sleeve 9 is coaxially fixedly connected to one of the rotating bars 6, a spiral guide groove 91 is provided on the inner wall of the sleeve 9, a support rod 20 is slidably connected along the axial direction of the sleeve 9 on the corresponding slide seat 5 or the sleeve rod 7, a slide rod 10 is fixedly connected to the support rod 20, a ball 101 that rolls with the spiral guide groove 91 is movably embedded on the side of the slide rod 10, the reflective side panel 3 is fixedly connected to the first plate member, a first guide groove 11 is provided on the first plate member, the first guide groove 11 includes a first oblique groove 111 and a first horizontal groove 112 that are connected, a first slide column 12 is fixedly connected or rotatably connected to the support rod 20, and the first slide column 12 slides or rolls with the first guide groove 11. A swing rod 13 is rotatably connected to the reflective bottom plate 2, and the other end of the swing rod 13 is rotatably connected to a sliding sleeve 14. The sliding sleeve 14 is slidably connected to the reflective plate along the axial direction of the sleeve 9. A second plate is fixedly connected to the sliding sleeve 14, and a second guide groove 15 is provided on the second plate. The second guide groove 15 includes a second horizontal groove 152 and a second inclined groove 151 connected to each other. A slider 16 is horizontally slidably connected to the reflective side plate 3 along the length direction of the sleeve rod 7. The slider 16 is slidably connected to a movable rod 17 along the axial direction of the sleeve 9. One end of the movable rod 17 is fixedly connected or rotatably connected to the first sliding column 12, and the other end is slidably connected to a second sliding column 18 along the axial direction of the sleeve 9. The second sliding column 18 slidably cooperates with the second guide groove 15. A driving component for driving the slider 16 to slide on the reflective side panel 3 is provided on the reflective side panel 3. The driving component can adopt a linear driving device such as an electric push rod 19, a cylinder, a linear motor, etc. For example, the driving component is an electric push rod 19, and the base of the electric push rod 19 is fixedly installed on the reflective side panel 3, and the power output end of the electric push rod 19 is fixedly connected to the slider 16.

[0037] In the above technical solution, only by starting the driving assembly, each thin-film double-sided photovoltaic panel 1 can be driven to rotate and fit onto the reflective side plate 3 and slide to align or be stored in the reflective side plate 3, and at the same time, the reflective side plate 3 can be rotated from the vertical position to the parallel position, so as to effectively protect the reflective surface of the thin-film double-sided photovoltaic panel 1, the memory alloy plate 4, and the reflective bottom plate 2 and the reflective side plate 3. In addition, starting the reverse movement of the driving assembly can fully unfold the components of the photovoltaic assembly 100 to the working state, with a compact structure and simple operation, and realizes automatic control of multi-level actions at a low cost.

[0038] The specific working principle is as follows: when the photovoltaic assembly 100 in the working state needs to perform self-protection, the electric push rod 19 starts to push the movable rod 17 to move the first stroke. On the one hand, the movable rod 17 moves along the first inclined groove 111 through the first slide column 12, and the first slide column 12 drives the sleeve rod 7 and each thin-film double-sided photovoltaic panel 1 to move horizontally a short distance along the length direction of the reflective side plate 3 through the support rod 20. At the same time, the height of the movable rod 17, the first slide column 12, the support rod 20 and the slide rod 10 gradually decreases, and the ball 101 on the slide slides with the spiral guide groove 91 on the inner wall of the sleeve 9, driving The sleeve 9 rotates, and the sleeve 9 drives the corresponding rotating bar 6, the memory alloy plate 4 and the thin-film double-sided photovoltaic panel 1 to rotate together and fit onto the reflective surface of the reflective side plate 3; on the other hand, the movable rod 17 drives the second sliding column 18 to move along the second horizontal groove 152. Since the height of the movable rod 17 is reduced during this period, the movable rod 17 slides in the vertical direction relative to the second sliding column 18 to cope with the reduction in its height. At this point, the first sliding column 12 slides to the junction of the first inclined groove 111 and the first horizontal groove 112, and the second sliding column 18 slides to the junction of the second horizontal groove 152 and the second inclined groove 151.

[0039] Next, the electric push rod 19 continues to push the movable rod 17 to move the second stroke. On the one hand, the movable rod 17 drives the first slide column 12 to move along the first horizontal groove 112. The first slide column 12 drives the sleeve rod 7 and each thin-film double-sided photovoltaic panel 1 to move horizontally along the length direction of the reflective side plate 3 through the support rod 20 until they are aligned or stored in the reflective side plate 3. On the other hand, due to the restriction of the first horizontal groove 112 on the first slide column 12, the movable rod 17 cannot move in the axial direction of the sleeve 9, and in the first stroke, the movable rod 17 has already The second slide column 18 slides to the lowest limit relative to the second slide column 18, so the movable rod 17 drives the second slide column 18 to slide along the second inclined groove 151, so that the second plate and the sliding sleeve 14 slide along the edge of the reflective side plate 3 (i.e., along the axial direction of the sleeve 9), and the sliding sleeve 14 gradually moves away from the hinge between the reflective side plate 3 and the reflective bottom plate 2 during sliding, so that the sliding sleeve 14 drives the angle of the swing rod 13 to change, so that the reflective side plate 3 rotates from the vertical position to the parallel position, and each thin-film double-sided photovoltaic panel 1 is stored between the reflective side plate 3 and the reflective bottom plate 2.

[0040] The present invention also provides a photovoltaic power grid utilization rate improvement system, comprising a photovoltaic module 100, a bypass diode 21, a current limiting resistor 22, a bidirectional trigger tube 23, a reverse isolation diode 24 and a plurality of battery modules 25 connected in series, the sum of the voltages of the battery modules 25 connected in series is 105% of the maximum power point voltage of the photovoltaic module 100, each battery module 25 comprises a fireproof housing 251 and a parallel energy storage battery 252 and a Zener diode 253, the fireproof housing 251 is made of insulating material, and an explosion-proof hole is provided on the surface of the fireproof housing 251, when the internal air pressure of the fireproof housing 251 is higher than the standard atmospheric pressure by 10%, the explosion-proof hole opens, and the Zener voltage of the Zener diode 253 is 110-115% of the rated voltage of a single energy storage battery 252. The number of battery modules 25 can be selected from 1 to 50, and the specifications of the energy storage battery 252 in each battery module 25 should be the same, such as using small-capacity batteries such as 18650. The bidirectional trigger tube 23 and the reverse isolation diode 24 are connected in parallel to form a first module, and the battery modules 25, the first module and the current limiting resistor 22 are connected in series in sequence to form a second module. The second module and the bypass diode 21 are connected in parallel to the output terminal of the photovoltaic component 100. The trigger voltage of the bidirectional trigger tube 23 is 10-70% of the maximum power point voltage of the photovoltaic component 100.

[0041] In the above technical solution, by setting the energy storage battery 252 on each photovoltaic module 100, the energy storage battery 252 is dispersedly arranged, which not only saves the high cost of building an energy storage station, but also completely solves the fire hazard. The energy storage battery 252 is dispersedly arranged on each group of photovoltaic modules 100 through a protective shell. Even if a fire occurs, only a part of the photovoltaic equipment will be damaged, and the defect of the hidden danger of difficulty in fire fighting caused by the centralized setting of the energy storage battery 252 is avoided.

[0042] Moreover, the energy storage station of the transmission must use a power electronic converter for AC-DC conversion, which increases the cost on the one hand and increases the power loss of the conversion on the other hand. The present invention cleverly uses the bidirectional trigger tube 23 in combination with passive devices such as the Zener diode 253. When the photovoltaic module 100 has a voltage higher than the MPPT voltage, since the voltage is higher than the voltage of the energy storage battery 252, the photovoltaic module 100 automatically charges the energy storage battery 252. Since the output voltage of the photovoltaic module 100 is still near the MPPT voltage, it will hardly affect the normal operation of the photovoltaic inverter; when the power generation power of the photovoltaic module 100 is reduced, in order to avoid frequent charging and discharging of the energy storage battery 252, only when the voltage of the photovoltaic module 100 is reduced, the energy storage battery 252 is automatically charged. When the voltage is much lower than that of the energy storage battery 252 (for example, 10%-15%), the bidirectional trigger tube 23 is turned on, and the energy storage battery 252 discharges outward. At this time, the power of the energy storage battery 252 is output to the power grid through the photovoltaic inverter, so as to realize the smoothing effect of photovoltaic power generation, and also realize the adaptive control of the photovoltaic component 100 to charge and discharge the energy storage battery 252. By coordinating the parameters of the above-mentioned components, energy storage is realized when the photovoltaic power generation is large, and discharge is realized when the photovoltaic output is reduced, and the energy storage battery 252 will not be overcharged or over-discharged. Since there is no additional loss of the converter, when the energy storage battery 252 is working, only the bidirectional trigger tube 23 or the reverse isolation diode 24 has a voltage drop loss of about 0.7V, and the efficiency is greatly improved compared with the energy storage converter.

[0043] Through this method, the output volatility of photovoltaic power generation is also improved, and the output loss caused by instantaneous shading is compensated. The problem of excessive load fluctuation in photovoltaic power generation also restricts the development of photovoltaic power generation. The cost of energy storage system is high. How to smooth the output of photovoltaic power generation and make short-term compensation for the instantaneous output drop caused by frequent shadow shading will maximize the benefits of photovoltaic power generation. The present invention uses energy storage battery 252 in parallel with each group of photovoltaic modules 100. After the photovoltaic panel is blocked, the energy storage battery 252 discharges to compensate for the output loss. At the same time, when the energy storage battery 252 discharges, the output voltage of the blocked photovoltaic module 100 is greatly reduced, thereby realizing the residual output under the blocking condition and avoiding the waste of bypass diode 21.

[0044] In addition, since the converter, the energy storage station building, and the high cost of the new energy storage battery 252 group are omitted, the energy storage battery 252 can play the role of smoothing the photovoltaic power by only using the recycled old 18650 and other small storage batteries to be processed. Compared with the construction of the energy storage station in the prior art, the construction cost of the present invention is only about 200 yuan per kilowatt. Calculated at 150 yuan / kilowatt for the waste lithium battery, the corresponding energy storage station construction cost is as high as 1800 yuan / kilowatt, which is almost nine times the difference, realizing extremely low-cost photovoltaic energy storage. Moreover, with the development of smart devices and electric vehicles, the number of old lithium batteries eliminated each year is astonishing. For large batteries, cascade utilization can be adopted, but for small-capacity batteries such as 18650, they cannot be used, or they are used in small household appliances such as inferior power banks, causing great hidden dangers. The present invention has low requirements for the energy storage battery 252, and because the power of a single photovoltaic module 100 is small, a few 18650 batteries can play the role of short-term energy storage, realizing the cascade utilization of waste small-capacity batteries.

[0045] The above description is only by way of illustration of certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention. It is undoubted that those skilled in the art can modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the above drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that: include: A reflective bottom plate parallel to the ground and reflective side plates perpendicular to the reflective bottom plate; The reflective side plate is connected with a plurality of parallel thin-film double-sided photovoltaic panels through a memory alloy plate, and each thin-film double-sided photovoltaic panel is perpendicular to the reflective bottom plate and the reflective side plate respectively; Each of the memory alloy plates comprises two memory alloy sheets riveted together, and both sides of the thin-film double-sided photovoltaic panel are connected to a memory alloy sheet respectively; A plurality of slide seats are slidably connected to the reflective side plate, and a rotating bar is rotatably connected to each slide seat, and each rotating bar is fixedly connected to each memory alloy plate in a one-to-one correspondence; The reflective side plate is rotatably connected to the reflective bottom plate, and the reflective side plate has a vertical position perpendicular to the reflective bottom plate and a parallel position parallel to the reflective bottom plate in the rotation stroke; A sleeve is coaxially fixedly connected to one of the rotating bars, a spiral guide groove is provided on the inner wall of the sleeve, a slide rod is slidably connected to the corresponding slide seat along the axial direction of the sleeve, and a ball bearing that rolls with the spiral guide groove is movably embedded on the side of the slide rod; A first guide groove is provided on the reflective side plate, the first guide groove includes a first oblique groove and a first horizontal groove connected to each other, a first slide post is fixedly connected to the slide bar, and the first slide post is slidably matched with the first guide groove; The reflective bottom plate is rotatably connected with a swing rod, the other end of the swing rod is rotatably connected with a sliding sleeve, the sliding sleeve is slidably connected to the reflective plate, and the sliding sleeve is provided with a second guide groove, the second guide groove includes a second horizontal groove and a second inclined groove connected to each other; The reflective side plate is horizontally slidably connected with a slider, the slider is slidably connected with a movable rod, one end of the movable rod is connected with a first sliding column, and the other end of the movable rod is slidably connected with a second sliding column, and the second sliding column is slidably matched with the second guide groove; The reflective side plate is provided with a driving assembly for driving the slider to slide on the reflective side plate.

2. A photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reflective side plate is rotatably connected to the reflective bottom plate via a hinge.

3. A photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sleeve rod is fixedly connected between each of the slide seats, and a connecting rod is hinged between each of the thin-film double-sided photovoltaic panels.

4. A photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving assembly comprises an electric push rod, a seat of which is fixedly mounted on the reflective side plate, and a power output end of the electric push rod is fixedly connected to the slider.

5. A photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spacing between two adjacent thin-film double-sided photovoltaic panels is greater than the width of the thin-film double-sided photovoltaic panels.

6. A photovoltaic power grid utilization rate improvement system, comprising a photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: It also includes a bypass diode, a current limiting resistor, a bidirectional trigger tube, a reverse isolation diode, and a plurality of battery modules connected in series; The sum of the voltages of the battery modules connected in series is 105% of the maximum power point voltage of the photovoltaic module. Each battery module includes a fireproof housing and a storage battery and a Zener diode connected in parallel. The Zener voltage of the Zener diode is 110-115% of the rated voltage of a single storage battery. The bidirectional trigger tube is connected in parallel with the reverse isolation diode to form a first module, and the battery modules, the first module and the current limiting resistor are connected in series in sequence to form a second module. The second module is connected in parallel with the bypass diode to the output terminal of the photovoltaic component, and the trigger voltage of the bidirectional trigger tube is 10-70% of the maximum power point voltage of the photovoltaic component.

7. A photovoltaic power grid utilization rate improvement system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The number of the battery modules is 1-50.

8. A photovoltaic power grid utilization rate improvement system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The surface of the fireproof shell is provided with explosion-proof holes, which open when the internal air pressure of the fireproof shell is 10% higher than the standard atmospheric pressure.

Images