A device for detecting the particle size of river sediment particles

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of sediment particle size detection, and in particular to a device for detecting the particle size of river sediment particles, comprising a main body plate, wherein a centrifugal partitioning mechanism for classifying particles in a solution according to the size of the particle size is arranged inside the main body plate, the centrifugal partitioning mechanism comprises a first empty slot opened at the upper end of the main body plate, a support plate is rotatably arranged in the first empty slot, a rotating body is arranged at the upper end of the support plate, the upper end of the rotating body is an open structure, a containing shell is arranged in the rotating body, and the containing shell is a transparent structure, a bubble removal mechanism for removing bubbles by decompression and ultrasonic waves is arranged at the lower end of the main body plate, and a detection mechanism for detecting various particle sizes in the solution is arranged at the upper end of the main body plate; under the action of centrifugal force, particles of different particle sizes enter different adjacent baffle rings, and at the same time, under the shaking of the bubble removal mechanism, it can be ensured that particles with little difference in particle size are evenly spread in the baffle ring to prevent large particles from blocking small particles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of sediment particle size detection, and in particular to a device for detecting the particle size of river sediment particles. Background Art

[0002] The particle size of sediment and the concentration of various particle sizes can reflect the pollution level and ecological health of the water body. Fine sediment may carry more pollutants and pathogens. Therefore, for rivers and reservoirs, the pollution level of the water source is determined by sampling the water source and then testing the particle size. There are many types of devices for detecting the particle size of river sediment. The laser particle size analysis method has the highest detection accuracy and the least pollution to the sample. The laser particle size analysis method is a particle size measurement technology based on the principle of laser scattering. It is widely used to measure the particle size distribution of small particles such as sediment, dust, and suspended matter. Its basic principle is to use the scattering characteristics of particles to lasers and infer the size of particles by analyzing the angle and intensity of scattered light.

[0003] The existing laser particle size testing device includes a light source detection mechanism and a storage mechanism. During the test, the sample is diluted and placed in the storage mechanism, and then the light source detection mechanism detects the concentrations of various particle sizes in the diluted solution, thereby inferring the sediment particle size content in the river. During the test, since the diluted sample is directly poured into a glass container and then the container is shaken, particles of various particle sizes are mixed together in this method. After shaking, even if a dispersant is added, large particles are likely to block small particles, resulting in the subsequent light source being unable to irradiate the blocked small particles, resulting in inconsistent particle sizes after sample measurement, that is, the concentrations of various particles. During the test, bubbles in the liquid will affect the angle of laser scattering. The existing solution removes bubbles mainly by hand shaking, which cannot completely remove bubbles in the solution, resulting in large deviations in the measurement of particle sizes and concentrations of various particles. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the background technology and to propose a device for detecting the particle size of river sediment particles.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a device for detecting the particle size of river sediment particles, comprising a main body plate, a centrifugal partitioning mechanism is arranged inside the main body plate for classifying particles in a solution according to the size of the particle size, the centrifugal partitioning mechanism comprises a first empty slot opened at the upper end of the main body plate, a support plate is rotatably arranged in the first empty slot, a rotating body is arranged at the upper end of the support plate, the upper end of the rotating body is an open structure, a containing shell is arranged inside the rotating body, the containing shell is a transparent structure, a bubble removal mechanism is arranged at the lower end of the main body plate for removing bubbles by decompression and ultrasonic waves, and a detection mechanism for detecting various particle sizes in the solution is arranged at the upper end of the main body plate.

[0006] Preferably, the upper end of the support plate is fixedly connected to a plurality of symmetrically arranged first limiting bodies, the upper end of the rotating body is provided with a first limiting groove slidably engaged with the first limiting body, the upper end of the accommodating shell is provided with a plurality of symmetrically arranged third limiting grooves, a plurality of third limiting grooves are respectively slidably engaged with third limiting bodies, and the upper ends of a plurality of the third limiting bodies are fixedly connected to partitions.

[0007] Preferably, four symmetrically arranged second limiting bodies are fixedly connected to the side surfaces of the containing shell, a second limiting groove slidably matched with the second limiting bodies is formed on the inner side surface of the rotating body, and a plurality of baffle rings with successively larger diameters are fixedly connected to the lower end surface of the containing shell, and the upper ends of several of the baffle rings are rounded structures.

[0008] Preferably, the bubble removal mechanism includes a fixed shell, the upper end of the fixed shell is fixedly connected to the lower end of the main plate, a first motor is arranged in the fixed shell, a first through hole is penetrated through the upper end of the main plate, a transmission shaft of the first motor passes through the first through hole, and the transmission shaft end of the first motor is fixedly connected to the lower end of the support plate.

[0009] Preferably, the lower end of the fixed shell is fixedly connected to a first fixed body, a spherical groove is provided at the lower end of the first fixed body, a spherical connector is rotatably arranged in the spherical groove, a connecting rod is fixedly connected to the lower side of the spherical connector, a fixed plate is rotatably arranged at the lower end of the connecting rod, and two rotating grooves are provided at the lower end of the main body plate.

[0010] Preferably, the upper end surface of the fixed plate is provided with two vertically distributed sliding grooves, and the first rotating blocks are rotatably arranged in the two sliding grooves respectively, the upper ends of the two first rotating blocks are respectively fixedly connected with the first electric telescopic rods, and the telescopic ends of the two first electric telescopic rods are respectively fixedly connected with the second rotating blocks, the positions of the two rotating grooves correspond to the second rotating blocks, and the two second rotating blocks are respectively rotatably arranged in the rotating grooves with the main plate.

[0011] Preferably, a second through hole is provided on the side surface of the containing shell and the side surface of the rotating body, a placement groove communicated with the second through hole is provided on the outer side surface of the rotating body, a vacuum pump is fixedly connected in the placement groove, a control valve is provided in the second through hole, an ultrasonic generator is fixedly connected to the lower end of the containing shell, and a vibration conduction rod is fixedly connected to the upper end of the ultrasonic generator.

[0012] Preferably, the detection mechanism includes a third empty slot opened on the upper end of the support plate, a signal receiver is fixedly connected in the third empty slot, two second electric telescopic rods are symmetrically arranged on the upper end of the main body plate, the telescopic ends of the two second electric telescopic rods are respectively provided with fourth limiting slots, the two fourth limiting slots are respectively provided with fourth limiting bodies, the upper ends of the two fourth limiting bodies are fixedly connected with second fixed bodies, the lower end of the second fixed body is opened with a second empty slot, and a number of equidistantly arranged light sources are arranged in the second empty slot.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] The first motor drives the support plate to rotate, and the support plate drives the rotating body to rotate through the cooperation of the first limiting groove and the first limiting body, and then the rotating body drives the containing shell to rotate slowly through the cooperation of the second limiting groove on the inner side and the second limiting body, and then the end face of the rotating containing shell passes through the lower end face of the second fixed body in turn, and the light source on the lower side of the second fixed body irradiates parallel light, and the particles in the dilution water and dispersant are illuminated by the light source, and the outlines are captured by the signal receiver, so that the particle size and particle concentration of the diluted water and dispersant can be obtained, so as to prevent the particles in the diluted water and dispersant from affecting the detection of the sample, and then the partition is opened to introduce the sample into the containing shell, and the first motor is started at the same time, and the first motor drives the containing shell to rotate rapidly, and the particles in the sample are in the process of falling, and under the action of centrifugal force, the particles of different particle sizes enter different adjacent baffle rings, and at the same time, under the shaking of the bubble removal mechanism, it can be ensured that the particles with little difference in particle size are evenly spread in the baffle ring, so as to prevent large particles from being mixed with small particles when the subsequent light source is irradiated, and to prevent the situation where large particles block small particles;

[0015] Start the ultrasonic generator, which drives the vibration conduction rod to transmit ultrasonic waves into the solution, thereby shattering the bubbles in the solution. At the same time, start the vacuum pump, which reduces the pressure in the containment shell. When the pressure in the containment shell is reduced, the remaining bubbles will gradually rise and burst. At the same time, the two first electric telescopic rods are extended and retracted. Since the two first electric telescopic rods are distributed at 90 degrees, the containment shell can be shaken in all directions, so that the bubbles in the solution in the containment shell can completely rise and burst. When the bubbles in the solution are completely burst, reverse the vacuum pump to restore the pressure in the containment shell to atmospheric pressure, which can prevent the bubbles from reflecting light and affecting the detection accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 The present invention is a sectional view of the whole Figure 1 ;

[0018] Figure 3 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 The present invention is a sectional view of the whole Figure 2 ;

[0020] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 2 A magnified image of point A;

[0021] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 3 A magnified view of point B;

[0022] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged view of point C;

[0023] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged view of point D.

[0024] 1. Main plate; 2. Bubble removal mechanism; 3. Centrifugal partition mechanism; 4. Detection mechanism; 21. Fixed plate; 22. Connecting rod; 23. Slide; 24. First rotating block; 25. First electric telescopic rod; 26. Second rotating block; 27. Rotating groove; 28. First through hole; 29. ​​Vibration transmission rod; 210. Ultrasonic generator; 211. Fixed shell; 212. First motor; 213. First fixed body; 214. Spherical groove; 215. Spherical connector; 217. Vacuum pump; 218. Placement groove; 219. Control valve; 220, second through hole; 31, rotating body; 32, first empty slot; 33, first limiting slot; 34, first limiting body; 35, supporting plate; 36, containing shell; 37, partition; 38, second limiting slot; 39, second limiting body; 310, third limiting slot; 311, third limiting body; 312, blocking ring; 41, signal receiver; 42, second electric telescopic rod; 43, fourth limiting slot; 44, fourth limiting body; 45, second fixed body; 46, second empty slot; 47, light source; 48, third empty slot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following description is used to disclose the present invention so that those skilled in the art can implement the present invention. The preferred embodiments described below are only examples, and those skilled in the art may think of other obvious variations.

[0026] See also Figure 1-Figure 8 A device for detecting the particle size of river sediment particles comprises a main body plate 1, wherein a centrifugal partition mechanism 3 is arranged inside the main body plate 1 for classifying particles in a solution according to the size of the particle size.

[0027] In this embodiment, the centrifugal partitioning mechanism 3 includes a first empty slot 32 opened at the upper end of the main plate 1, and a support plate 35 is rotatably fitted in the first empty slot 32. A rotating body 31 is provided at the upper end of the support plate 35. The upper end of the rotating body 31 is an open structure. A containing shell 36 is provided in the rotating body 31, and the containing shell 36 is a transparent structure.

[0028] The upper end of the support plate 35 is fixedly connected to a plurality of symmetrically arranged first limiting bodies 34, the upper end of the rotating body 31 is provided with a first limiting groove 33 slidably engaged with the first limiting body 34, the upper end of the accommodating shell 36 is provided with a plurality of symmetrically arranged third limiting grooves 310, a plurality of third limiting grooves 310 are respectively slidably engaged with third limiting bodies 311, and the upper ends of a plurality of the third limiting bodies 311 are fixedly connected to partitions 37.

[0029] Four symmetrically arranged second limiting bodies 39 are fixedly connected to the side of the containing shell 36, and a second limiting groove 38 slidably matched with the second limiting bodies 39 is opened on the inner side of the rotating body 31. A plurality of baffle rings 312 with successively larger diameters are fixedly connected to the lower end face of the containing shell 36, and the upper ends of the plurality of baffle rings 312 are rounded structures.

[0030] Specifically, the first motor 212 drives the support plate 35 to rotate, and the support plate 35 drives the rotating body 31 to rotate through the cooperation of the first limiting groove 33 and the first limiting body 34, and then the rotating body 31 drives the accommodating shell 36 to rotate slowly through the cooperation of the inner second limiting groove 38 and the second limiting body 39.

[0031] In this embodiment, a bubble removal mechanism 2 for removing bubbles by decompression and ultrasonic waves is disposed at the lower end of the main body plate 1 .

[0032] The bubble removal mechanism 2 includes a fixed shell 211, the upper end of the fixed shell 211 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the main plate 1, a first motor 212 is arranged in the fixed shell 211, a first through hole 28 is penetrated through the upper end of the main plate 1, a transmission shaft of the first motor 212 penetrates the first through hole 28, and the transmission shaft end of the first motor 212 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the support plate 35.

[0033] The lower end of the fixed shell 211 is fixedly connected to a first fixed body 213, the lower end of the first fixed body 213 is provided with a spherical groove 214, a spherical connector 215 is rotatably arranged in the spherical groove 214, a connecting rod 22 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the spherical connector 215, a fixed plate 21 is rotatably arranged at the lower end of the connecting rod 22, and two rotating grooves 27 are arranged at the lower end of the main body plate 1.

[0034] The upper end surface of the fixed plate 21 is provided with two vertically distributed slide grooves 23, and the first rotating blocks 24 are rotatably arranged in the two slide grooves 23 respectively. The upper ends of the two first rotating blocks 24 are respectively fixedly connected with the first electric telescopic rods 25, and the telescopic ends of the two first electric telescopic rods 25 are respectively fixedly connected with the second rotating blocks 26. The positions of the two rotating grooves 27 correspond to the second rotating blocks 26, and the two second rotating blocks 26 are respectively rotatably arranged in the rotating grooves 27 with the main plate 1.

[0035] A second through hole 220 is provided on the side of the containing shell 36 and the side of the rotating body 31, and a placement groove 218 communicating with the second through hole 220 is provided on the outer side of the rotating body 31. A vacuum pump 217 is fixedly connected in the placement groove 218, and a control valve 219 is provided in the second through hole 220. An ultrasonic generator 210 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the containing shell 36, and a vibration conduction rod 29 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the ultrasonic generator 210.

[0036] Specifically, the ultrasonic generator 210 is started, and the ultrasonic generator 210 drives the vibration transmission rod 29 to transmit ultrasonic waves into the solution, thereby breaking the bubbles in the solution. At the same time, the vacuum pump 217 is started, and the vacuum pump 217 reduces the pressure in the containment shell 36. When the pressure in the containment shell 36 is reduced, the remaining bubbles will gradually rise and burst.

[0037] In this embodiment, a detection mechanism 4 for detecting various particle sizes in the solution is disposed at the upper end of the main plate 1 .

[0038] The detection mechanism 4 includes a third empty slot 48 opened at the upper end of the support plate 35, and a signal receiver 41 is fixedly connected in the third empty slot 48. Two second electric telescopic rods 42 are symmetrically arranged on the upper end of the main body plate 1, and the telescopic ends of the two second electric telescopic rods 42 are respectively provided with fourth limiting slots 43, and the two fourth limiting slots 43 are respectively provided with fourth limiting bodies 44. The upper ends of the two fourth limiting bodies 44 are fixedly connected with second fixed bodies 45, and the lower end of the second fixed body 45 is provided with a second empty slot 46, and a plurality of equidistantly arranged light sources 47 are arranged in the second empty slot 46.

[0039] Specifically, the light source 47 on the lower side of the second fixed body 45 irradiates parallel light, and the particles in the dilution water and dispersant are illuminated by the light source 47, and their outlines are captured by the signal receiver 41, so that the particle size and particle concentration in the dilution water and dispersant can be obtained.

[0040] When in use, first add the water and dispersant for dilution into the containing shell 36, then cover the partition 37, start the first motor 212, the first motor 212 drives the support plate 35 to rotate, the support plate 35 drives the rotating body 31 to rotate through the cooperation of the first limiting groove 33 and the first limiting body 34, and then the rotating body 31 drives the containing shell 36 to rotate slowly through the cooperation of the second limiting groove 38 and the second limiting body 39 on the inner side, and then the end face of the rotating containing shell 36 passes through the lower end face of the second fixed body 45 in turn, and the light source 47 on the lower side of the second fixed body 45 irradiates parallel light, and the particles in the water and dispersant for dilution are illuminated by the light source 47, and the outlines are captured by the signal receiver 41, so that the The particle size and concentration of the particles in the diluted water and dispersant are obtained to prevent the particles in the diluted water and dispersant from affecting the detection of the sample. Then, the partition 37 is opened, and the sample is poured into the containing shell 36. At the same time, the first motor 212 is started. The first motor 212 drives the containing shell 36 to rotate rapidly. During the descent of the particles in the sample, under the action of centrifugal force, particles of different particle sizes enter different adjacent baffle rings 312. At the same time, under the shaking of the bubble removal mechanism 2, particles with little difference in particle size can be evenly spread in the baffle ring 312, preventing large particles from being mixed with small particles when the subsequent light source 47 is irradiated, and preventing large particles from blocking small particles, thereby improving the detection accuracy.

[0041] Before the light source 47 irradiates, the ultrasonic generator 210 is started, and the ultrasonic generator 210 drives the vibration transmission rod 29 to transmit ultrasonic waves into the solution, thereby breaking the bubbles in the solution. At the same time, the vacuum pump 217 is started, and the vacuum pump 217 reduces the pressure in the containing shell 36. When the pressure in the containing shell 36 is reduced, the remaining bubbles will gradually rise and burst. At the same time, the two first electric telescopic rods 25 are extended and retracted. Since the two first electric telescopic rods 25 are distributed at 90 degrees, the containing shell 36 can be shaken in all directions, so that the bubbles in the solution in the containing shell 36 can completely rise and burst. When the bubbles in the solution are completely broken, the vacuum pump 217 is reversed to restore the pressure in the containing shell 36 to atmospheric pressure, which can prevent the bubbles from reflecting light and thus affecting the detection accuracy. After that, the light source 47 is irradiated, so that the signal receiver 41 can record the particle contour in the solution. After that, through computer analysis, the particle size and particle concentration in the solution can be accurately measured.

[0042] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions only describe the principles of the present invention. The present invention may be subject to various changes and improvements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. These changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for detecting the particle size of river sediment particles, comprising a main body plate (1), characterized in that: The main body plate (1) is provided with a centrifugal partitioning mechanism (3) for classifying particles in a solution according to their particle sizes. The centrifugal partitioning mechanism (3) comprises a first empty slot (32) provided at the upper end of the main body plate (1). A support plate (35) is rotatably provided in the first empty slot (32). A rotating body (31) is provided at the upper end of the support plate (35). The upper end of the rotating body (31) is an open structure. A containing shell (36) is provided in the rotating body (31). The containing shell (36) is a transparent structure. A bubble removal mechanism (2) for removing bubbles by decompression and ultrasonic waves is provided at the lower end of the main body plate (1). A detection mechanism (4) for detecting various particle sizes in the solution is provided at the upper end of the main body plate (1). The side surface of the accommodating shell (36) is fixedly connected to four symmetrically arranged second limiting bodies (39); the inner side surface of the rotating body (31) is provided with a second limiting groove (38) that slidably cooperates with the second limiting body (39); the lower end surface of the accommodating shell (36) is fixedly connected to a plurality of baffle rings (312) of successively increasing diameters; the upper ends of the plurality of baffle rings (312) are rounded structures; the bubble removal mechanism (2) comprises a fixed shell (211); the upper end of the fixed shell (211) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the main body plate (1); a first motor (212) is arranged in the fixed shell (211); a first through hole (28) is formed through the upper end of the main body plate (1); a transmission drive of the first motor (212) is driven by the first motor (212); The shaft passes through the first through hole (28); the transmission shaft end of the first motor (212) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the support plate (35); the lower end of the fixed shell (211) is fixedly connected to a first fixed body (213); a spherical groove (214) is provided at the lower end of the first fixed body (213); a spherical connector (215) is rotatably arranged in the spherical groove (214); a connecting rod (22) is fixedly connected to the lower side of the spherical connector (215); a fixing plate (21) is rotatably arranged at the lower end of the connecting rod (22); two rotating grooves (27) are provided at the lower end of the main body plate (1); and two vertically distributed slide grooves (23) are provided on the upper end surface of the fixing plate (21); and the two slide grooves (23) are respectively rotatably arranged in the two guide grooves (23). A first rotating block (24) is movably provided, the upper ends of the two first rotating blocks (24) are respectively fixedly connected to the first electric telescopic rods (25), the telescopic ends of the two first electric telescopic rods (25) are respectively fixedly connected to the second rotating blocks (26), the positions of the two rotating grooves (27) correspond to the second rotating blocks (26), the two second rotating blocks (26) are respectively rotatably provided with the main body plate (1) in the rotating grooves (27), the side surfaces of the accommodating shell (36) and the side surfaces of the rotating body (31) are provided with second through holes (220), the outer side surface of the rotating body (31) is provided with a placement groove (218) which is in communication with the second through holes (220), and a vacuum pump (217) is fixedly connected in the placement groove (218),A control valve (219) is arranged in the second through hole (220); an ultrasonic generator (210) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the accommodating shell (36); a vibration transmission rod (29) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the ultrasonic generator (210); the detection mechanism (4) comprises a third slot (48) provided at the upper end of the support plate (35); a signal receiver (41) is fixedly connected to the third slot (48); two second electric telescopic rods (42) are symmetrically arranged at the upper end of the main body plate (1); fourth limiting grooves (43) are respectively provided at the telescopic ends of the two second electric telescopic rods (42); fourth limiting bodies (44) are respectively provided in the two fourth limiting grooves (43); second fixed bodies (45) are fixedly connected to the upper ends of the two fourth limiting bodies (44); a second slot (46) is provided at the lower end of the second fixed body (45); a plurality of equally spaced light sources (47) are arranged in the second slot (46).

2. A device for detecting the particle size of river sediment particles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the support plate (35) is fixedly connected to a plurality of symmetrically arranged first limiting bodies (34); the upper end of the rotating body (31) is provided with a first limiting groove (33) slidably engaged with the first limiting body (34); the upper end of the accommodating shell (36) is provided with a plurality of symmetrically arranged third limiting grooves (310); a third limiting body (311) is slidably engaged in a plurality of the third limiting grooves (310); and a partition plate (37) is fixedly connected to the upper ends of the plurality of the third limiting bodies (311).

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