Method for extracting and pulling crystalline lens

Abstract

The invention provides a method for extracting and pulling a crystalline lens, which comprises the following steps of: removing redundant connective tissues around, and making a transverse incision in the equator part of an eyeball; the eyeball at the upper half part is lifted outwards together with the vitreous body, and the connected sclera is cut off; the upper half part of the eyeball is placed on the supporting device, and the eyeball wall is embedded between the sclera fixing inner ring and the sclera fixing outer ring; cutting off the whole cornea; the ciliary body and the choroid are retained; the glue is coated on the round hole of the transfer device; the transfer device is adhered to the ciliary body and the choroid, and iris tissue is cut off; cutting off the sclera fixing inner ring and the sclera fixing outer ring; putting the transfer device and the adhered crystalline lens into a traction device; the traction line penetrates out of the traction cover plate; the traction line is tied to a traction hook at the top end of the traction device, the spiral of the traction device is rotated, the traction line is tensioned upwards, and the crystalline lens is driven to be pulled. The traction device is more uniform in traction, simple in structure, low in manufacturing cost, small in size and more suitable for being built in a laboratory.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of experimental material manufacturing, and in particular relates to a method for extracting and pulling a lens. Background Art

[0002] In the laboratory, after removing the lens of a human or animal through dissection, a pulling device needs to be constructed to pull the lens to simulate the state in the eyeball, which is convenient for subsequent experiments. In the prior art, eight radial support arms are usually used to pull the lens outward to achieve the purpose of changing the lens shape. This technology has the following two problems: 1. Complex design and large size. The existing lens pulling device is composed of multiple plastic and metal parts. It costs a lot of money and takes up a lot of space for the laboratory to build such a device. In addition, it is not possible to perform MRI examination on the pulled lens (there are metal parts) or microscopic observation (it is too large to be placed on a microscope). 2. The traction is not uniform. The lens in the eye is fixed to the ciliary muscle by the suspensory ligament. The ciliary muscle pulls the suspensory ligament to pull the lens 360 degrees around. However, the eight support arms of the lens traction device pull eight sites, which is not uniform 360 degrees around. The traction can easily cause the equatorial part of the lens to become octagonal. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for extracting and pulling a lens, aiming to solve the problem that the existing lens pulling equipment is too large in size and has a poor pulling effect.

[0004] The present invention is achieved by a method for extracting and pulling a lens, the method comprising the following steps: Step S1: Wrap the posterior pole of the eyeball with absorbent paper towels, remove the surrounding excess connective tissue, make a transverse incision at the equator of the eyeball, expand it to both sides, and retain 5 mm of connected sclera; Step S2: Lift the upper half of the eyeball together with the vitreous body outward, gently peel off the vitreous body without touching the lens, and cut off the connected sclera; Step S3: placing the upper half of the eyeball on the supporting device, with the lens suspended in the circular hole in the center of the fixing paper, aligning the outer sclera fixing ring and pressing it downward, embedding the eyeball wall between the inner sclera fixing ring and the outer sclera fixing ring; Step S4: making an incision at the edge of the cornea and cutting off the entire cornea; Step S5: slowly separating the sclera and ciliary body at the corneoscleral margin, peeling off the sclera, and leaving only the ciliary body and choroid; Step S6: Dip the transfer device into the biological glue, and then apply the glue around the round hole of the transfer device; Step S7: sticking the transfer device to the ciliary body and choroid, with the lens located in the circular hole in the center of the transfer device, and cutting off the iris tissue; Step S8: lift the sclera fixing inner ring and the sclera fixing outer ring from the supporting device, remove them together with the transfer device and the lens, and invert them on the bottle mouth, keep the lens suspended in the air without touching the bottle mouth wall, cut off the sclera fixing inner ring and the sclera fixing outer ring, and only keep the ciliary body and lens adhered to the transfer device; Step S9: placing the transfer device and the adhered lens into the pulling device, and adding M199 culture medium; Step S10: The pulling wire of the transfer device passes through the pulling cover plate covering the top of the transfer device; Step S11: The pulling wire is tied to the pulling hook at the top of the retractor, and the spiral of the retractor is rotated, so that the pulling wire is tightened upward, thereby pulling the transfer device upward and driving the lens to be pulled.

[0005] A further technical solution of the present invention is: the supporting device also includes a base, a first circular hole is provided on the top of the base, the fixing paper is arranged on the top of the base, a second circular hole matching the first circular hole is provided in the middle of the fixing paper, the lens is placed in the second circular hole, the sclera fixing inner ring is clamped on the base and located on the top of the fixing paper, the sclera fixing outer ring is clamped on the top of the sclera fixing inner ring, and the sclera fixing outer ring and the sclera fixing inner ring clamp the sclera.

[0006] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the diameter of the sclera fixation outer ring is greater than the diameter of the sclera fixation inner ring, and the diameter of the sclera fixation inner ring is greater than the diameter of the first circular hole.

[0007] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the base has a truncated cone or a cylindrical shape.

[0008] A further technical solution of the present invention is: the transfer device also includes a first fixing ring, a second fixing ring and an elastic membrane, the elastic membrane is clamped between the first fixing ring and the second fixing ring, a third circular hole is provided in the middle of the elastic membrane, and the lens is placed in the third circular hole.

[0009] A further technical solution of the present invention is that two pulling wires are provided, and the two pulling wires are respectively arranged at two ends of the elastic membrane, and the position between the two pulling wires is 180 degrees.

[0010] A further technical solution of the present invention is: the pulling device also includes a hollow tube and a culture dish, the culture dish is provided with a culture trough, the pulling cover is arranged at the notch of the culture trough, the hollow tube is adhered to the bottom of the pulling cover, and the transfer device is movably connected to the hollow tube.

[0011] A further technical solution of the present invention is: the side wall of the hollow tube is provided with four square holes.

[0012] A further technical solution of the present invention is: the pulling cover plate is provided with two pulling holes, the positions between the two pulling holes are 180 degrees, and the pulling wire passes through the pulling holes.

[0013] A further technical solution of the present invention is: the retractor is arranged on the top of the culture dish and close to the culture tank, and the retractor adopts a micrometer.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the pulling of the present invention is more uniform, the tension at each site of the entire film is equal, which is closer to the pulling method in the eye, and the lens can remain round. The present invention has a simple structure, low cost, and small size, and is more suitable for construction in a laboratory. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention; Figure 2 is an exploded view of the support device and the transfer device of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the support device and the transfer device of the present invention after being combined; Figure 4 is an exploded view of the pulling device and the transfer device of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the combination of the pulling device and the transfer device of the present invention.

[0016] Figure markings: 1-lens, 2-base, 3-first circular hole, 4-fixing paper, 5-second circular hole, 6-sclera fixing inner ring, 7-sclera fixing outer ring, 8-first fixing ring, 9-second fixing ring, 10-elastic membrane, 11-third circular hole, 12-hollow tube, 13-square hole, 14-traction cover plate, 15-traction wire, 16-traction hole, 17-traction device, 18-traction hook. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that the words "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper" and "lower" used in the following description refer to directions in the accompanying drawings, and the words "bottom surface" and "top surface", "inside" and "outside" refer to directions toward or away from the geometric center of a specific component, respectively.

[0018] Figure 1 A method for extracting and pulling a lens provided by the present invention is shown, and the method comprises the following steps: Step S1: Wrap the posterior pole of the eyeball with absorbent paper towels, remove the surrounding excess connective tissue, make a transverse incision at the equator of the eyeball, expand it to both sides, and retain 5 mm of connected sclera; Step S2: Lift the upper half of the eyeball together with the vitreous body outward, gently peel off the vitreous body without touching the lens 1, and cut off the connected sclera; Step S3: Place the upper half of the eyeball on the supporting device, with the lens 1 suspended in the circular hole in the center of the fixing paper 4, align the sclera fixing outer ring 7 and press it downward, so that the eyeball wall is embedded between the sclera fixing inner ring 6 and the sclera fixing outer ring 7; Step S4: making an incision at the edge of the cornea and cutting off the entire cornea; Step S5: slowly separating the sclera and ciliary body at the corneoscleral margin, peeling off the sclera, and leaving only the ciliary body and choroid; Step S6: Dip the transfer device into the biological glue, and then apply the glue around the round hole of the transfer device; Step S7: stick the transfer device to the ciliary body and choroid, the lens 1 is located in the circular hole in the center of the transfer device, and the iris tissue is cut off; Step S8: lift the sclera fixing inner ring 6 and the sclera fixing outer ring 7 from the supporting device, remove them together with the transfer device and the lens 1, and invert them on the bottle mouth, keep the lens 1 suspended in the air without touching the bottle mouth wall, cut off the sclera fixing inner ring 6 and the sclera fixing outer ring 7, and only keep the ciliary body and the lens 1 adhered to the transfer device; Step S9: placing the transfer device and the adhered lens 1 into the pulling device, and adding M199 culture medium; Step S10: The pulling wire 15 of the transfer device passes through the pulling cover plate 14 covering the top of the transfer device; Step S11: The pulling wire 15 is tied to the pulling hook 18 at the top of the pulling device 17. The spiral of the pulling device 17 is rotated, and the pulling wire 15 is tightened upward, thereby pulling the transfer device upward and driving the lens 1 to be pulled.

[0019] The present invention is a lens suspensory ligament tension and expansion device composed of a series of small parts. The intraocular lens of an animal or human donor is dissected and taken out and connected to the device. The pulling and expansion action of the device is used to change the shape of the lens, thereby simulating the morphological changes of the intraocular lens when adjusting to far and near. The invention can be applied to experimental research related to the adjustment function of the lens. The lens is a biconvex transparent tissue, which is fixed and suspended by suspensory ligaments behind the iris and in front of the vitreous body. The lens is an important part of the eye's refractive system and is also the only refractive medium with adjustment ability. When the ciliary muscle is tense, the lens suspensory ligament relaxes, the lens becomes convex, the refractive power increases, and nearby objects can be seen clearly. When the ciliary muscle is relaxed, the tension of the suspensory ligament increases, the lens becomes flat, the refractive power decreases, and distant objects can be seen clearly. When conducting research on the adjustment function of the lens in the laboratory, a specific device is required to fix the lens and simulate the pulling action of the lens when the ciliary muscle contracts and relaxes.

[0020] When the lens and the connected suspensory ligament and ciliary muscle in the eye of an animal or human donor are dissected out, they are supported by the supporting device so that their position does not shift, which is convenient for the next step of pasting. The transfer device is a rubber elastic membrane 10 clamped by two tangent circular rings, and a traction line 15 is tied to the tangent rings, and a round hole is opened in the middle of the elastic membrane 10. The ciliary muscle is pasted on the elastic membrane 10 with biological glue, and the lens 1 is placed in the center of the round hole. When the elastic membrane 10 moves along the hollow tube 12, the elastic membrane 10 will be stretched, the round hole will be evenly enlarged, and the ciliary muscle adhered to the elastic membrane 10 will also be pulled, thereby changing the shape of the lens 1, achieving the purpose of simulating eye adjustment.

[0021] The application method of the invention is as follows: first, the components of the supporting device, the transfer device and the pulling device are assembled; secondly, the complete animal or human donor eyeball is dissected in a specific dissecting order and method; the lens 1 and the connected tissues are placed on the supporting device; then, biological glue is applied to the transfer device to adhere it to the ciliary muscle; finally, the lens 1 and the transfer device are placed in a culture dish and tied to the culture dish with silk thread.

[0022] Preferably, the supporting device also includes a base 2, a first circular hole 3 is provided on the top of the base 2, the fixing paper 4 is arranged on the top of the base 2, a second circular hole 5 matching the first circular hole 3 is provided in the middle of the fixing paper 4, the lens 1 is placed in the second circular hole 5, the sclera fixing inner ring 6 is clamped on the base 2 and located on the top of the fixing paper 4, the sclera fixing outer ring 7 is clamped on the top of the sclera fixing inner ring 6, and the sclera fixing outer ring 7 and the sclera fixing inner ring 6 clamp the sclera.

[0023] Preferably, the diameter of the sclera fixation outer ring 7 is greater than the diameter of the sclera fixation inner ring 6 , and the diameter of the sclera fixation inner ring 6 is greater than the diameter of the first circular hole 3 .

[0024] Preferably, the base 2 has a truncated cone or a cylindrical shape.

[0025] like Figure 2-3 As shown, the support device is a support device used in eyeball dissection, which is composed of a series of small parts. The base 2 has a certain height, and the first circular hole 3 is provided on the upper part, and the lens 1 is placed in the center of the first circular hole 3. The fixing paper 4 is thin paper, smooth and tough without falling off, and is preferably a lens cleaning paper in the laboratory. The sclera fixing outer ring 7 and the sclera fixing inner ring 6 are 3D printed, and the diameter relationship is that the diameter of the sclera fixing outer ring 7 is greater than the diameter of the sclera fixing inner ring 6, and the diameter of the sclera fixing inner ring 6 is greater than the diameter of the first circular hole 3. The fixing paper 4 is inserted between the base 2 and the sclera fixing inner ring 6, and the second circular hole 5 is set in the center of the fixing paper 4, and the lens is placed in the second circular hole 5. The sclera of the eyeball is inserted between the sclera fixing outer ring 7 and the sclera fixing inner ring 6, which can clamp the sclera and play a fixing role.

[0026] Preferably, the transfer device further comprises a first fixing ring 8, a second fixing ring 9 and an elastic membrane 10, wherein the elastic membrane 10 is clamped between the first fixing ring 8 and the second fixing ring 9, a third circular hole 11 is provided in the middle of the elastic membrane 10, and the lens 1 is placed in the third circular hole 11.

[0027] Preferably, two pulling wires 15 are provided, and the two pulling wires 15 are respectively arranged at two ends of the elastic membrane 10 , and the position between the two pulling wires 15 is 180 degrees.

[0028] The transfer device is an elastic film support composed of four parts. The first fixing ring 8 and the second fixing ring 9 clamp the elastic film 10 to make an elastic film support like an embroidery support. The elastic film 10 can be made of rubber material, and the first fixing ring 8 and the second fixing ring 9 are made by 3D printing. The two pulling wires 15 are tied to the two ends of the elastic film 10. The pulling wires 15 can be made of polyethylene or nylon thread, and the angle is 180 degrees. The third circular hole 11 is provided in the center of the elastic film 10, and the lens 1 is placed in the center of the third circular hole 11. The transfer device realizes the transfer of the lens 1 from the supporting device to the pulling device, and maintains the state of the lens 1 during the transfer process.

[0029] Preferably, the pulling device also includes a hollow tube 12 and a culture dish, the culture dish is provided with a culture trough, the pulling cover 14 is arranged at the notch of the culture trough, the hollow tube 12 is adhered to the bottom of the pulling cover 14, and the transfer device is movably connected to the hollow tube 12.

[0030] Preferably, the side wall of the hollow tube 12 is provided with four square holes 13 .

[0031] Preferably, the pulling cover plate 14 is provided with two pulling holes 16 , the positions between the two pulling holes 16 are 180 degrees, and the pulling wire 15 passes through the pulling holes 16 .

[0032] Preferably, the puller 17 is arranged on the top of the culture dish and close to the culture tank, and the puller 17 is a micrometer.

[0033] like Figure 4-5 As shown, the pulling cover plate 14 is arranged at the notch of the culture tank, and the culture tank may be arranged with one or more. A hollow tube 12 is adhered to the inner side of the pulling cover plate 14, and four square holes 13 are opened on the side wall of the hollow tube 12. The lens 1 can be observed through the square holes 13. The hollow tube 12 is adhered and fixed to the inner side of the pulling cover plate 14, and two pulling holes 16 are opened on the pulling cover plate 14. The positions of the two pulling holes 16 are 180 degrees, and the pulling wire 15 passes through the pulling holes 16. The culture dish is adhered with the pulling device 17. In the embodiment of the present invention, the pulling device 17 adopts a micrometer. The top of the spiral is fixed with the pulling hook 18. The pulling wire 15 arranged on the elastic membrane 10 passes through the pulling cover plate 14 and is tied on the pulling hook 18. The ciliary body is adhered to the elastic membrane 10, and the lens 1 is located in the center of the hole. When the retractor 17 is rotated outward, the pulling wire 15 is tightened, pulling the elastic membrane 10 toward the pulling cover 14. The elastic membrane 10 is pulled, and the tension increases, thereby driving the lens 1 to be pulled, and the tension increases, thereby stretching the ciliary muscle and changing the shape of the lens 1, so that subsequent observations and experiments can be carried out.

[0034] Compared with the existing lens pulling device realized by eight radial support arms, the present invention has the following advantages: (1) The pulling is more uniform. When the elastic membrane 10 is pulled, the tension increases, but the tension at each site of the entire elastic membrane 10 is equal, and the circular hole in the center of the elastic membrane 10 is uniformly enlarged, so the ciliary body tissue adhered to the film is also uniformly pulled in a circular shape, which is closer to the pulling method in the eye, and the lens 1 can remain round. In the prior art, the pulling of the eight support arms easily turns the lens 1 into an octagon; (2) Simple structure, low cost and small size. The invention is composed of a series of small parts, some of which are 3D-printed plastic parts, and some of which are existing devices. The traction device is very low in cost and can be easily and quickly assembled. In the prior art, the traction of the eight support arms needs to ensure that the movement amplitude of the eight arms is equal, so a complex mechanical structure is required, resulting in a large device size. The elastic membrane 10 only utilizes the characteristic of equal tension on the elastic membrane 10 to achieve the purpose of uniform traction. It is small in size and the entire device can be conveniently placed in an incubator, microscope or other device.

[0035] The ciliary body is adhered to the elastic film, and the equal tension on the film is used to achieve the purpose of uniform pulling; when the elastic film support moves along the hollow tube 12, the film is pulled, the tension increases, and the central circular hole also becomes uniformly larger; the invention uses a method of pulling the elastic film support with silk thread to make it move, and other methods of moving the elastic film support along the hollow tube should also be within the protection range, such as clamping the elastic film support or pressing the edge of the elastic film 10 support; in the invention, the hollow tube 12 is adhered to the cover of the culture dish, and the elastic film 10 is pulled upward. The hollow tube 12 is fixed to the cover plate, and the elastic membrane 10 can also move downward; the lens 1 anatomical support device, the base 2 has a certain height and a hole in the middle, the lens 1 is suspended in the hole, the lens 1 is only fixed by the suspensory ligament, and the upper and lower surfaces do not contact any other objects, which is conducive to maintaining the transparency of the lens 1; the lens 1 anatomical support device, a piece of fixing paper 4 with a hole in the middle is clamped between the sclera fixing inner ring 6 and the base 2, the ciliary tissue of the lens 1 is moist, soft and easy to deform, the paper is absorbent, and the ciliary tissue can be adsorbed on the thin paper to prevent movement during dissection.

[0036] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for extracting and pulling a lens, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step S1: Wrap the posterior pole of the eyeball with absorbent paper towels, remove the surrounding excess connective tissue, make a transverse incision at the equator of the eyeball, expand it to both sides, and retain 5 mm of connected sclera; Step S2: Lift the upper half of the eyeball together with the vitreous body outward, gently peel off the vitreous body without touching the lens, and cut off the connected sclera; Step S3: placing the upper half of the eyeball on the supporting device, with the lens suspended in the circular hole in the center of the fixing paper, aligning the outer sclera fixing ring and pressing it downward, embedding the eyeball wall between the inner sclera fixing ring and the outer sclera fixing ring; Step S4: making an incision at the edge of the cornea and cutting off the entire cornea; Step S5: slowly separating the sclera and ciliary body at the corneoscleral margin, peeling off the sclera, and leaving only the ciliary body and choroid; Step S6: Dip the transfer device into the biological glue, and then apply the glue around the round hole of the transfer device; Step S7: sticking the transfer device to the ciliary body and choroid, with the lens located in the circular hole in the center of the transfer device, and cutting off the iris tissue; Step S8: lift the sclera fixing inner ring and the sclera fixing outer ring from the supporting device, remove them together with the transfer device and the lens, and invert them on the bottle mouth, keep the lens suspended in the air without touching the bottle mouth wall, cut off the sclera fixing inner ring and the sclera fixing outer ring, and only keep the ciliary body and lens adhered to the transfer device; Step S9: placing the transfer device and the adhered lens into the pulling device, and adding M199 culture medium; Step S10: The pulling wire of the transfer device passes through the pulling cover plate covering the top of the transfer device; Step S11: The pulling wire is tied to the pulling hook at the top of the retractor, and the spiral of the retractor is rotated, so that the pulling wire is tightened upward, thereby pulling the transfer device upward and driving the lens to be pulled.

2. The method for extracting and pulling the lens according to claim 1, characterized in that: The supporting device also includes a base, a first circular hole is provided on the top of the base, the fixing paper is arranged on the top of the base, a second circular hole matching the first circular hole is provided in the middle of the fixing paper, the lens is placed in the second circular hole, the sclera fixing inner ring is clamped on the base and located on the top of the fixing paper, the sclera fixing outer ring is clamped on the top of the sclera fixing inner ring, and the sclera fixing outer ring and the sclera fixing inner ring clamp the sclera.

3. The method for extracting and pulling the lens according to claim 2, characterized in that: The diameter of the sclera fixation outer ring is greater than the diameter of the sclera fixation inner ring, and the diameter of the sclera fixation inner ring is greater than the diameter of the first circular hole.

4. The method for extracting and pulling the lens according to claim 2, characterized in that: The base has a truncated cone or a cylindrical shape.

5. The method for extracting and pulling the lens according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transfer device also includes a first fixing ring, a second fixing ring and an elastic membrane. The elastic membrane is clamped between the first fixing ring and the second fixing ring. A third circular hole is provided in the middle of the elastic membrane, and the lens is placed in the third circular hole.

6. The method for extracting and pulling the lens according to claim 5, characterized in that: There are two pulling wires, which are respectively arranged at two ends of the elastic membrane, and the position between the two pulling wires is 180 degrees.

7. The method for extracting and pulling the lens according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pulling device also includes a hollow tube and a culture dish, the culture dish is provided with a culture trough, the pulling cover is arranged at the notch of the culture trough, the hollow tube is adhered to the bottom of the pulling cover, and the transfer device is movably connected to the hollow tube.

8. The method for extracting and pulling the lens according to claim 7, characterized in that: The side wall of the hollow tube is provided with four square holes.

9. The method for extracting and pulling the lens according to claim 7, characterized in that: The pulling cover plate is provided with two pulling holes, the positions between the two pulling holes are 180 degrees, and the pulling wire passes through the pulling holes.

10. The method for extracting and pulling the lens according to claim 1, characterized in that: The puller is arranged on the top of the culture dish and close to the culture tank, and the puller adopts a micrometer.

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