Method for preparing functional bio-organic fertilizer from livestock and poultry manure and straw without fermentation

Abstract

The invention discloses a fermentation-free method for preparing a functional bio-organic fertilizer from livestock and poultry manure and straw, and relates to the technical field of bio-organic fertilizer preparation. The preparation method comprises the following steps: taking 6-8 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 1-3 parts of agricultural straws, 1-2 parts of mushroom dregs, 1-2 parts of humic acid, 1-2 parts of rapeseed cakes, 0.5-1.5 parts of aggregates, 0.3-0.8 part of shell powder and 0.3-0.8 part of a straw activating agent; according to the method, hardened soil can be loosened, the air permeability and the water-retaining property of the soil are enhanced, and root growth and water permeation are facilitated; after continuous use for 3-5 years, the soil can be gradually restored to ecology, and the biological diversity and activity in the soil are improved; the contained activating agent can promote plant growth and fruit development, and the yield of crops is increased; the taste and quality of agricultural products are improved, and the market competitiveness is improved; the total investment cost for long-term use is lower than that of like products; pest and disease damage is reduced, pesticide consumption is reduced, and prevention and treatment cost is saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of bio-organic fertilizer preparation, in particular to a method for preparing functional bio-organic fertilizer by fermentation-free method using livestock and poultry excrement and straw. Background Art

[0002] In current agricultural production, long-term reliance on the use of chemical fertilizers has caused a series of serious problems. Excessive use of chemical fertilizers has caused soil compaction, serious decline in soil fertility, poor soil aeration and water permeability, and thus affected the looseness and nutrient supply capacity of the soil. Moreover, chemical fertilizers are difficult to meet the needs of microorganisms in the soil for survival and reproduction, destroying the soil microbial environment, causing a decrease in the organic matter content in the soil and a continuous decline in fertility.

[0003] In addition, chemical agriculture has also exposed the agricultural system to many pollution problems, such as "three wastes and one antibiotic" pollution, fertilizer and pesticide residue pollution, and untreated organic fertilizer pollution. These pollutions not only destroy the ecological balance of the soil, but also make it difficult to effectively remove pathogens, insect eggs and grass seeds in the soil, greatly increasing the probability of crop diseases and pests.

[0004] Traditional composting fermentation technology also has many defects, including long processing time, unstable processing effect, large site requirements and serious environmental pollution. During the processing, the organic matter and nitrogen fertilizer retention rate of the fertilizer is low, resulting in a waste of resources. At the same time, the traditional method is not satisfactory in terms of sterilization and insect egg removal, and the carbon dioxide and methane emissions during the processing are high, which is extremely unfavorable to environmental protection and sustainable development.

[0005] In view of the various deficiencies of the existing technology, it is impossible to effectively solve the problems of soil pollution, fertility decline and pest control, and it is difficult to meet the needs of sustainable agricultural development and agricultural product quality and safety. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method for preparing biological organic fertilizer, which has the characteristics of high efficiency and environmental protection, can quickly improve soil, increase fertility, reduce costs, and has a significant yield-increasing effect.

[0006] In view of this, a method for preparing functional bio-organic fertilizer from livestock and poultry manure and straw without fermentation is provided to overcome the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing functional biological organic fertilizer from livestock and poultry manure and straw without fermentation, so as to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method for preparing functional bio-organic fertilizer without fermentation of livestock and poultry manure and straw, comprising the following steps: S1. Raw material ratio: by mass, take 6-8 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 1-3 parts of agricultural straw, 1-2 parts of fungus residue, 1-2 parts of humic acid, 1-2 parts of vegetable cake, 0.5-1.5 parts of aggregate, 0.3-0.8 parts of shell powder, and 0.3-0.8 parts of straw activator; S2, the livestock and poultry manure, agricultural straw, mushroom residue, vegetable cake, aggregate after grinding into a mixer and mixed with humic acid, shell powder, straw activator, the mixing time is 10 minutes, the mixer speed is 30-50 rpm; S3, drying: drying the mixed raw materials at a temperature of 120 degrees, with a moisture content of 10%-12%; S4, cooling and blowing: the dried material is cooled and blown for 5 minutes at a speed of 8-10 m / s; S5, stirring and adding bacterial agent: stirring and adding bacterial agent to the cooled material, the stirring time is 10 minutes; S6, granulation, polishing and shaping: the material after adding the bacterial agent is granulated, polished and shaped for 15 minutes.

[0009] Furthermore, in S1, the straw activator is one or a combination of KOH, K2C2O4, zinc chloride, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, and NH4HPO4.

[0010] Furthermore, in S5, the bacterial agent contains bacteria that can improve the disease and insect pest resistance of the fertilizer, including one or a combination of several of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Streptomyces, Trichoderma viride, and Pseudomonas fluorescens.

[0011] Furthermore, in S5, the effective viable bacterial count of the added bacterial agent is greater than or equal to 80 million CFU / g.

[0012] Furthermore, in S5, a static curing step is added, the time is 1-2 hours.

[0013] Furthermore, in S6, in the granulation, polishing and shaping step, the particle size of the granules produced is 2-4 mm.

[0014] Furthermore, during the entire process, the ambient temperature is maintained at 15-30°C and the relative humidity is controlled at 40%-60%.

[0015] Furthermore, the livestock and poultry manure described in S1 is one or a combination of cow manure, chicken manure, pig manure, and sheep manure.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: It can loosen compacted soil, enhance soil permeability and water retention, and facilitate root growth and water penetration. Continuous use of 3-5 years can gradually restore the soil ecology and increase soil biodiversity and activity. The activator contained in it can promote plant growth and fruit development, increase crop yields, improve the taste and quality of agricultural products, and increase market competitiveness. The amount of fertilizer used decreases year by year, and the overall investment cost for long-term use is lower than that of similar products. It reduces the occurrence of diseases and insect pests, reduces the use of pesticides, and saves prevention and control costs. It can make resource utilization of livestock manure and straw waste to reduce environmental pollution. It can effectively degrade Agricultural residues and heavy metals can reduce pollution to soil and water sources; activators can promote crop growth and improve the quality of agricultural products and have the effect of improving soil; the process flow is relatively simple, easy to master and operate, and suitable for large-scale production and application; it complies with the national agricultural development policy and is conducive to the realization of green, ecological and sustainable development of agriculture; reducing the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides can help maintain the balance of farmland ecosystems and protect the ecological environment; the agricultural products produced are free of agricultural residues, providing consumers with safer and healthier food; the improvement of agricultural product output and quality can increase farmers' economic income and promote rural economic development. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the method for preparing functional biological organic fertilizer from livestock and poultry manure and straw without fermentation of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the preparation of non-fermented chicken manure fertilizer and the determination of germination rate in the method for preparing functional biological organic fertilizer without fermentation from livestock and poultry manure and straw of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the effect determination of non-fermented chicken manure in the method for preparing functional biological organic fertilizer by non-fermentation of livestock and poultry manure and straw of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the effect of applying non-fermented chicken manure on the growth of eggplant plants in the method for preparing functional biological organic fertilizer by non-fermentation of livestock and poultry manure and straw of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the effect of applying non-fermented chicken manure on the growth of eggplant plants in the method for preparing functional biological organic fertilizer without fermentation of livestock and poultry manure and straw of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] See also Figure 1-Figure 5, the present invention provides a technical solution: Example 1 of a method for preparing functional bio-organic fertilizer by fermentation-free method using livestock and poultry excrement and straw: The following steps are involved: S1. Raw material ratio: by mass, take 6-8 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 1-3 parts of agricultural straw, 1-2 parts of fungus residue, 1-2 parts of humic acid, 1-2 parts of vegetable cake, 0.5-1.5 parts of aggregate, 0.3-0.8 parts of shell powder, and 0.3-0.8 parts of straw activator; the straw activator is one or a combination of KOH, K2C2O4, zinc chloride, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, and NH4HPO4; the livestock and poultry manure is one or a combination of cow dung, chicken dung, pig dung, and sheep dung; S2, the livestock and poultry manure, agricultural straw, mushroom residue, vegetable cake, aggregate after grinding into a mixer and mixed with humic acid, shell powder, straw activator, the mixing time is 10 minutes, the mixer speed is 30-50 rpm; S3, drying: drying the mixed raw materials at a temperature of 120 degrees, with a moisture content of 10%-12%; S4, cooling and blowing: the dried material is cooled and blown for 5 minutes at a speed of 8-10 m / s; S5. Stirring and adding bacterial agent: Stirring and adding bacterial agent to the cooled material for 10 minutes; the bacterial agent contains bacteria that can improve the resistance of fertilizer to diseases and pests, including one or a combination of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Streptomyces, Trichoderma viride, and Pseudomonas fluorescens; the effective viable bacteria count of the added bacterial agent is greater than or equal to 80 million CFU / g; adding a static curing step for 1-2 hours; S6, granulation, polishing and shaping: the material after adding the bacterial agent is granulated, polished and shaped, the particle size of the particles is 2-4 mm, and the time is 15 minutes; During the entire process, the ambient temperature is maintained at 15-30°C and the relative humidity is controlled at 40%-60%.

[0020] More specifically: Raw material ratio: 8 parts of livestock and poultry manure (7 parts of cow manure, 1 part of pig manure), 2 parts of agricultural straw, 1.5 parts of fungus residue, 1.5 parts of humic acid, 1.5 parts of vegetable cake, 1 part of aggregate, 0.5 parts of shell powder, 0.5 parts of straw activator (0.5 parts of KOH); Equipment and parameters: crushing for 10 minutes, mixer speed 70 rpm, drying temperature 105 degrees, cooling air speed 9 m / s, static curing 1.5 hours, granulation particle size 3 mm; Before applying the functional bio-organic fertilizer in the orchard, the basic conditions of the orchard were recorded in detail. The average number of fruits per tree in the orchard was 100, the average sweetness of the fruit was 10 degrees, and the incidence of pests and diseases was 50%.

[0021] After using this organic fertilizer, the following changes were found through regular observation and measurement: In terms of yield: 50 fruit trees were randomly selected for statistics, and the calculation method should be (current average number of fruits 138 ÷ original average number of fruits 100 - 1) × 100% = (138 ÷ 100 - 1) × 100% = 38%, that is, the fruit yield increased by 38%.

[0022] Taste and sweetness: 100 fruits were randomly selected from the harvested fruits for sweetness testing, and the average sweetness reached 12 degrees (an increase of 2 degrees from the previous level). At the same time, the taste panel evaluated that the fruit tasted more delicate and juicy.

[0023] Pest and disease incidence: During the entire growing season, the occurrence of pests and diseases in the orchard was monitored and counted. It was originally expected that 50% of the fruit trees would be affected by pests and diseases, but in fact only 15% of the fruit trees showed symptoms of pests and diseases (calculation method: 50%×(1-70%)=15%), and the pest and disease incidence was reduced by 70%.

[0024] Through the above specific example data collection and analysis, the effect of Example 1 in orchard application was obtained, that is, the fruit yield was increased by 38%, the fruit taste was better, the sweetness was increased by 2 degrees, and the incidence of diseases and insect pests was reduced by 70%.

[0025] It should be noted that the fruit and vegetable varieties planted in the selected orchard are apples. The original pest and disease incidence data comes from the pest and disease monitoring records of the orchard in the past three years. By counting the number of fruit trees with pests and diseases in the orchard in different seasons each year and calculating their proportion to the total number of fruit trees, the average of the three-year data is obtained to obtain a pest and disease incidence rate of about 50%. Example

[0026] Raw material ratio: 8 parts of livestock and poultry manure (6 parts of chicken manure, 2 parts of sheep manure), 1 part of agricultural straw, 1 part of fungus residue, 1 part of humic acid, 1 part of vegetable cake, 0.5 parts of aggregate, 0.3 parts of shell powder, 0.3 parts of straw activator (0.3 parts of K2C2O4); Equipment and parameters: crushing for 3 minutes, mixer speed 35 rpm, drying temperature 120 degrees, cooling air speed 8 m / s, static curing for 2 hours, granulation particle size 2.5 mm; Before using the functional bio-organic fertilizer on the vegetable field, the initial condition of the vegetable field was recorded. The average vegetable yield per square meter of land was 5 kg, the average vegetable quality score was 70 points (full score 100 points), and the incidence of pests and diseases was 40%.

[0027] After using this organic fertilizer: In terms of yield: 10 sample plots with an area of ​​1 square meter each were selected for statistics, and the average yield reached 6.5 kg (calculation method: original average yield 5 kg × (1+30%) = 6.5 kg). It was calculated that the vegetable yield increased by 30%.

[0028] Quality: 100 vegetables were randomly selected for quality assessment, including appearance, color, and texture. The assessors scored according to the standards, and the average quality score increased to 85 points, indicating that the quality of the vegetables has improved.

[0029] Pest and disease incidence: During the entire vegetable growth cycle, the occurrence of pests and diseases was recorded and counted in detail. It was originally expected that 40% of the vegetables would be affected by pests and diseases, but in fact only 28.8% of the vegetables showed symptoms of pests and diseases (calculation method: 40%×(1-28%)=28.8%), and the pest and disease incidence was reduced by 28%.

[0030] Through the above specific field measurements, sampling evaluations and data calculations, the effect of Example 2 in the application of vegetable fields was obtained, namely, vegetable yield increased by 30%, vegetable quality improved, the taste became more crisp and tender, and the incidence of diseases and insect pests decreased by 28%. Example

[0031] Raw material ratio: 8 parts of livestock and poultry manure (6 parts of cow manure, 2 parts of chicken manure), 3 parts of agricultural straw, 2 parts of fungus residue, 2 parts of humic acid, 2 parts of vegetable cake, 1.5 parts of aggregate, 0.8 parts of shell powder, 0.8 parts of straw activator (0.8 parts of zinc chloride); Equipment and parameters: crushing for 3 minutes, mixer speed 50 rpm, drying temperature 120 degrees, cooling air speed 10 m / s, static curing for 1 hour, granulation particle size 4 mm; Before using the functional bio-organic fertilizer, the basic conditions of the rice fields were recorded. The average yield of rice fields per hectare was 7,500 kg, the average chalkiness of rice was 20%, and the incidence of pests and diseases was 45%.

[0032] After using this organic fertilizer: In terms of yield: 5 rice fields with an area of ​​1 hectare each were selected for yield measurement, and the average yield reached 10,125 kg (calculation method: 7,500 kg × (1+35%) = 10,125 kg), which resulted in a 35% increase in rice yield.

[0033] Rice quality: 500 rice grains were randomly selected for chalkiness testing, and the average chalkiness was reduced to 12% (8 percentage points lower than before), and by observing the appearance of the rice, it was found that the rice was fuller.

[0034] Pest and disease incidence: During the entire rice growth period, the area and extent of pest and disease occurrence were monitored and counted. It was originally expected that 45% of the rice fields would be affected by pests and diseases, but in fact only 31.5% of the rice fields showed symptoms of pests and diseases (calculation method: 45%×(1-30%)=31.5%), and the pest and disease incidence was reduced by 30%.

[0035] Through the above specific field yield measurement, rice quality detection and pest and disease statistical data, the effect of Example 3 in the application of rice fields was obtained, that is, the rice yield was increased by 35%, the rice was full, the chalkiness was reduced, and the incidence of pests and diseases was reduced by 30%. Example

[0036] Raw material ratio: 8 parts of livestock and poultry manure (5 parts of pig manure, 1 part of sheep manure, 2 parts of chicken manure), 1.5 parts of agricultural straw, 1.2 parts of fungus residue, 1.2 parts of humic acid, 1.2 parts of vegetable cake, 0.8 parts of aggregate, 0.4 parts of shell powder, 0.4 parts of straw activator (0.2 parts of KOH, 0.2 parts of K2C2O4); Equipment and parameters: crushing for 3 minutes, mixer speed 45 rpm, drying temperature 120 degrees, cooling air speed 9 m / s, static curing 1.8 hours, granulation particle size 3.5 mm; Before using the functional bio-organic fertilizer, the condition of the tea garden was recorded. The average tea yield per hectare of tea garden was 300 kg, the aroma and taste evaluation scores of the tea were 70 and 75 points (out of 100 points), and the incidence of pests and diseases was 35%.

[0037] After using this organic fertilizer: In terms of yield: three tea gardens with an area of ​​1 hectare each were selected for picking and weighing, and the average yield reached 396 kg (calculation method: 300 kg × (1 + 32%) = 396 kg), indicating a 32% increase in tea production.

[0038] Quality: Professional tea tasters were invited to evaluate the aroma and taste of randomly selected tea leaves. The aroma score increased to 85 points, and the taste score increased to 90 points, indicating that the tea leaves have a stronger aroma and a mellower taste.

[0039] Pest and disease incidence: During the entire tea growing season, the occurrence of pests and diseases in the tea garden was monitored and counted. It was originally expected that 35% of the tea trees would be affected by pests and diseases, but in fact only 26.25% of the tea trees showed symptoms of pests and diseases (calculation method: 35%×(1-25%)=26.25%), and the incidence of pests and diseases was reduced by 25%.

[0040] Through the above specific yield weighing, professional tasting and pest and disease monitoring statistical data, the effect of Example 4 in the application of the tea garden was obtained, that is, the tea yield increased by 32%, the tea aroma was richer, the taste was mellower, and the incidence of pests and diseases was reduced by 25%. Example

[0041] Raw material ratio: 8 parts of livestock and poultry manure (4 parts of sheep manure, 2 parts of cow manure, 2 parts of pig manure), 2.5 parts of agricultural straw, 1.8 parts of fungus residue, 1.8 parts of humic acid, 1.8 parts of vegetable cake, 1.2 parts of aggregate, 0.6 parts of shell powder, 0.6 parts of straw activator (0.4 parts of zinc chloride, 0.2 parts of phosphoric acid); Equipment and parameters: crushing for 3 minutes, mixer speed of 30 rpm, drying temperature of 120 degrees, cooling air speed of 8 m / s, static curing for 1.2 hours, granulation particle size of 2 mm; Before using the functional bio-organic fertilizer, the initial conditions of the peanut field were recorded. The average number of fruits per square meter of peanut field was 20, the average fullness score of peanut kernels was 70 points (out of 100 points), the oil yield was 40%, and the incidence of pests and diseases was 40%.

[0042] After using this organic fertilizer: In terms of fruiting rate: 10 sample plots with an area of ​​1 square meter each were selected for statistics, and the average number of fruits reached 27.2 (calculation method: 20 × (1+36%) = 27.2), which resulted in a 36% increase in the peanut fruiting rate.

[0043] Peanut kernel quality: 200 peanut kernels were randomly selected for fullness evaluation, and the average fullness score increased to 85 points, which means that the peanut kernels are fuller. At the same time, through professional oil yield testing, it was found that the oil yield increased to 44% (calculation method: 40%×(1+10%)=44%), indicating that the oil yield increased by 10%.

[0044] Pest and disease incidence: During the entire peanut growth cycle, the occurrence of pests and diseases was recorded and counted in detail. It was originally expected that 40% of the peanut plants would be affected by pests and diseases, but in fact only 27.2% of the peanut plants showed symptoms of pests and diseases (calculation method: 40%×(1-32%)=27.2%), and the incidence of pests and diseases was reduced by 32%.

[0045] Through the above specific field measurements, sampling evaluation and data calculation, the effect of Example 5 in the application of peanut fields was obtained, that is, the peanut fruiting rate was increased by 36%, the peanut kernels were plump, the oil yield was increased by 10%, and the incidence of diseases and insect pests was reduced by 32%. Example

[0046] Raw material ratio: 6 parts of livestock and poultry manure (3 parts of sheep manure, 2 parts of cow manure, 1 part of chicken manure), 3 parts of agricultural straw, 1.5 parts of fungus residue, 1.5 parts of humic acid, 2 parts of bean cake, 1 part of aggregate, 0.5 parts of bone meal, 0.5 parts of straw activator (0.3 parts of potassium sulfate, 0.2 parts of sulfuric acid); Equipment and parameters: crushing for 2.5 minutes, mixer speed 25 rpm, drying temperature 110 degrees, cooling air speed 7 m / s, static curing for 1 hour, granulation particle size 2.5 mm; Before using the functional biological organic fertilizer, the initial conditions of the wheat field were recorded. The average number of wheat ears per square meter was 30, the average number of wheat grains per ear was 35, the thousand-grain weight was 38 grams, and the incidence of wheat powdery mildew was 35%.

[0047] After using this organic fertilizer: In terms of the number of ears and grains: 10 sample plots with an area of ​​1 square meter each were selected for statistics, and the average number of ears reached 34.5 (calculation method: 30 × (1+15%) = 34.5), and the average number of grains per ear increased to 40 (calculation method: 35 grains × (1+14.3%) ≈ 40 grains). It was found that the number of wheat ears increased by 15%, and the number of grains per ear increased by about 14.3%.

[0048] In terms of thousand-grain weight: through professional weighing tests, it was found that the thousand-grain weight increased to 42 grams (calculation method: 38 grams × (1 + 10.5%) ≈ 42 grams), indicating that the thousand-grain weight increased by about 10.5%.

[0049] Pest and disease incidence: During the entire wheat growth cycle, the occurrence of pests and diseases was recorded and counted in detail. It was originally expected that 35% of wheat plants would be affected by wheat powdery mildew, but in fact only 23.8% of wheat plants showed symptoms (calculation method: 35%×(1-32%)≈23.8%), and the incidence of wheat powdery mildew was reduced by about 32%.

[0050] Through the above specific field measurements, sampling evaluations and data calculations, the effects of Example 6 in the application of wheat fields were obtained, namely, the number of wheat ears increased by 15%, the number of grains per ear increased by about 14.3%, the thousand-grain weight increased by about 10.5%, and the incidence of wheat powdery mildew decreased by about 32%.

[0051] Comparative Example 1: Raw material ratio: 4 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 3 parts of agricultural straw, 0.5 parts of fungus residue, 0.5 parts of humic acid, 0.5 parts of vegetable cake, 0.3 parts of aggregate, 0.2 parts of shell powder, and 0.2 parts of straw activator; Equipment and parameters: crushing for 2 minutes, mixer speed of 20 rpm, drying temperature of 100 degrees, cooling air speed of 5 m / s, static curing for 0.5 hours, granulation particle size of 1 mm; Before using the functional biological organic fertilizer of this comparative ratio, the initial condition of the orchard was recorded in detail. The average number of fruits on each tree in the orchard was 100, and the incidence of pests and diseases was 50%.

[0052] After using this organic fertilizer: In terms of yield: 50 fruit trees were randomly selected for statistics, and it was found that the average number of fruits per tree increased to 108 (calculation method: the original average number of fruits 100 × (1+8%) = 108), which resulted in the fruit yield only increasing by 8%.

[0053] In terms of the incidence of pests and diseases: During the entire growing season, the occurrence of pests and diseases in the orchard was monitored and counted. It was originally expected that 50% of the fruit trees would be affected by pests and diseases, but in fact 47.5% of the fruit trees showed symptoms of pests and diseases (calculation method: 50%×(1-5%)=47.5%), and the incidence of pests and diseases decreased by 5%.

[0054] Through the above specific example data collection and analysis, the effect of comparative example 1 in orchard application was obtained, that is, the fruit yield was only increased by 8%, and the incidence of pests and diseases was reduced by 5%.

[0055] Comparative Example 2: Raw material ratio: 9 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 0.5 parts of agricultural straw, 0.3 parts of fungus residue, 0.3 parts of humic acid, 0.3 parts of vegetable cake, 0.1 parts of aggregate, 0.05 parts of shell powder, and 0.05 parts of straw activator; Equipment and parameters: crushing for 4 minutes, mixer speed 60 rpm, drying temperature 130 degrees, cooling air speed 12 m / s, static curing 0.3 hours, granulation particle size 5 mm; Before using the functional biological organic fertilizer of the comparative example, the initial conditions of the vegetable field were recorded. The average yield of vegetable field per square meter was 5 kg, and the incidence of pests and diseases was 40%.

[0056] After using this organic fertilizer: In terms of yield: 10 sample plots with an area of ​​1 square meter each were selected for statistics, and the average yield reached 5.5 kg (calculation method: original average yield 5 kg × (1+10%) = 5.5 kg), thus concluding that the vegetable yield increased by 10%.

[0057] In terms of the incidence of pests and diseases: During the entire vegetable growth cycle, the occurrence of pests and diseases was recorded and counted in detail. It was originally expected that 40% of the vegetables would be affected by pests and diseases, but in fact 36.8% of the vegetables showed symptoms of pests and diseases (calculation method: 40%×(1-8%)=36.8%), and the incidence of pests and diseases was reduced by 8%.

[0058] Through the above specific field measurements and data calculations, the effect of comparative example 2 in the application of vegetable fields was obtained, that is, the vegetable yield increased by 10% and the incidence of pests and diseases decreased by 8%.

[0059] Comparative Example 3: Raw material ratio: 5 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 3.5 parts of agricultural straw, 0.8 parts of fungus residue, 0.8 parts of humic acid, 0.8 parts of vegetable cake, 0.2 parts of aggregate, 0.1 parts of shell powder, and 0.1 parts of straw activator; Equipment and parameters: crushing for 3 minutes, mixer speed 25 rpm, drying temperature 110 degrees, cooling air speed 6 m / s, static curing 0.8 hours, granulation particle size 1.5 mm; Before using the functional biological organic fertilizer of this comparative ratio, the basic conditions of the rice fields were recorded. The average yield of rice fields per hectare was 7500 kg, and the incidence of pests and diseases was 45%.

[0060] After using this organic fertilizer: In terms of yield: 5 rice fields with an area of ​​1 hectare each were selected for yield measurement, and the average yield reached 8,400 kg (calculation method: 7,500 kg × (1+12%) = 8,400 kg), which means that the rice yield increased by 12%.

[0061] In terms of the incidence of pests and diseases: During the entire rice growth period, the area and extent of pests and diseases were monitored and counted. It was originally expected that 45% of the rice fields would be affected by pests and diseases, but in fact 40.5% of the rice fields showed symptoms of pests and diseases (calculation method: 45%×(1-10%)=40.5%), and the incidence of pests and diseases was reduced by 10%.

[0062] Through the above specific field yield measurement and pest and disease statistical data, the effect of comparative example 3 in rice field application was obtained, that is, rice yield increased by 12% and the incidence of pests and diseases decreased by 10%.

[0063] Comparative Example 4: Raw material ratio: 8 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 0.3 parts of agricultural straw, 0.2 parts of fungus residue, 0.2 parts of humic acid, 0.2 parts of vegetable cake, 0.05 parts of aggregate, 0.03 parts of shell powder, and 0.03 parts of straw activator; Equipment and parameters: crushing for 3 minutes, mixer speed 55 rpm, drying temperature 140 degrees, cooling air speed 11 m / s, static curing 0.6 hours, granulation particle size 4.5 mm; Before using the functional biological organic fertilizer of the comparative ratio, the conditions of the tea garden were recorded. The average tea yield per hectare of tea garden was 300 kg, and the incidence of pests and diseases was 35%.

[0064] After using this organic fertilizer: In terms of yield: 3 tea gardens with an area of ​​1 hectare each were selected for picking and weighing, and the average yield reached 318 kg (calculation method: 300 kg × (1+6%) = 318 kg), thus concluding that the tea yield increased by 6%.

[0065] In terms of the incidence of pests and diseases: During the entire tea growing season, the incidence of pests and diseases in tea gardens was monitored and counted. It was originally expected that 35% of tea trees would be affected by pests and diseases, but in fact 33.95% of tea trees showed symptoms of pests and diseases (calculation method: 35%×(1-3%)=33.95%), and the incidence of pests and diseases decreased by 3%.

[0066] Through the above specific yield weighing and pest and disease monitoring statistical data, the effect of comparative example 4 in the application of tea garden was obtained, that is, the tea yield increased by 6% and the incidence of pests and diseases decreased by 3%.

[0067] Comparative Example 5: Raw material ratio: 3 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 4.5 parts of agricultural straw, 0.5 parts of fungus residue, 0.5 parts of humic acid, 0.5 parts of vegetable cake, 0.1 parts of aggregate, 0.08 parts of shell powder, and 0.08 parts of straw activator; Equipment and parameters: crushing for 2 minutes, mixer speed of 15 rpm, drying temperature of 90 degrees, cooling air speed of 4 m / s, static curing for 0.4 hours, granulation particle size of 0.5 mm; Before using the functional biological organic fertilizer of this comparative ratio, the initial condition of the orchard was recorded in detail. The average number of fruits on each tree in the orchard was 100, and the incidence of pests and diseases was 50%.

[0068] After using this organic fertilizer: In terms of yield: 50 fruit trees were randomly selected for statistics, and it was found that the average number of fruits per tree increased to 109 (calculation method: the original average number of fruits 100 × (1+9%) = 109), thus concluding that the fruit yield increased by 9%.

[0069] In terms of the incidence of pests and diseases: During the entire growing season, the occurrence of pests and diseases in the orchard was monitored and counted. It was originally expected that 50% of the fruit trees would be affected by pests and diseases, but in fact 46.5% of the fruit trees showed symptoms of pests and diseases (calculation method: 50%×(1-7%)=46.5%), and the incidence of pests and diseases decreased by 7%.

[0070] Through the above specific example data collection and analysis, the effect of comparative example 5 in orchard application was obtained, that is, the fruit yield increased by 9% and the incidence of pests and diseases decreased by 7%.

[0071] Through the above examples and comparative examples, it can be concluded that: The method for preparing functional biological organic fertilizer by using livestock and poultry excrement and straw without fermentation comprises raw material ratio, process flow and equipment parameters.

[0072] The raw material ratio is 6-8 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 1-3 parts of agricultural straw, 1-2 parts of fungus residue, 1-2 parts of humic acid, 1-2 parts of vegetable cake, 0.5-1.5 parts of aggregate, 0.3-0.8 parts of shell powder, and 0.3-0.8 parts of straw activator. Livestock and poultry manure includes cow manure, chicken manure, pig manure, and sheep manure. The process includes crushing, mixing, drying, cooling and blowing, stirring and adding bacterial agents, static curing, granulation, polishing and shaping. The equipment parameters are also clearly specified, and the ambient temperature and relative humidity must be controlled.

[0073] By comparing Examples 1-6 with Comparative Examples 1-5, in the Examples, especially Example 1, the raw material ratio is reasonable, the equipment parameters are appropriate, and the process flow is complete and standardized, and significant effects have been achieved in orchards, vegetable fields, rice fields, tea gardens, and peanut fields, such as increased yields of fruits, vegetables, rice, tea, and peanuts, improved quality, and reduced incidence of diseases and insect pests. However, due to improper raw material ratios, unreasonable equipment parameters, and non-standardized process flows, the effects of the comparative examples are far inferior to those of the Examples.

[0074] Embodiment 1 is the best embodiment.

[0075] Effect: Optimize the ratio of raw materials, give full play to the role of each component, and achieve better soil improvement and yield increase effects.

[0076] Reasonable equipment parameter settings ensure that materials are fully mixed, dried and processed to ensure product performance.

[0077] The complete and standardized process effectively improves the quality and effect of functional biological organic fertilizer.

[0078] Significantly improve the disease and pest resistance of bio-organic fertilizer and reduce the incidence of diseases and pests.

[0079] Promote crop growth, increase yield and improve crop quality.

[0080] Improve the stability and adaptability of fertilizers and reduce the risks of pests and diseases in agricultural production.

[0081] Reducing the use of chemical pesticides is beneficial to environmental protection and sustainable agricultural development.

[0082] Summarize: The soil improvement effect is significant: it can make compacted soil loose, enhance soil permeability and water retention, and is beneficial to root growth and water penetration; continuous use for 3-5 years can gradually restore the soil ecology and increase the biodiversity and activity in the soil.

[0083] Improve the quality and yield of agricultural products: The activators contained in it can promote plant growth and fruit development, increase the yield of crops; improve the taste and quality of agricultural products, and increase market competitiveness.

[0084] Reduce agricultural production costs: The amount of fertilizer used decreases year by year, and the overall input cost for long-term use is lower than similar products; reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases, reduce the use of pesticides, and save prevention and control costs.

[0085] Environmentally friendly and sustainable: Reuse livestock manure and straw waste as resources to reduce environmental pollution; effectively degrade agricultural residues and heavy metals to reduce pollution to soil and water sources.

[0086] Enhance crop stress resistance: Activators promote crop growth and improve the quality of agricultural products and have the effect of improving soil.

[0087] Easy to operate: The process is relatively simple, easy to master and operate, and suitable for large-scale production and application.

[0088] Promoting sustainable agricultural development: It complies with national agricultural development policies and is conducive to achieving green, ecological and sustainable agricultural development.

[0089] Promote ecological balance: Reducing the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides helps maintain the balance of farmland ecosystems and protect the ecological environment.

[0090] Ensure food safety: The agricultural products produced are free of pesticide residues, providing consumers with safer and healthier food.

[0091] Increase farmers' income: Improving the output and quality of agricultural products can increase farmers' income and promote rural economic development.

Claims

1. A method for preparing functional bio-organic fertilizer by fermentation-free method using livestock and poultry manure and straw, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Raw material ratio: by mass, take 6-8 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 1-3 parts of agricultural straw, 1-2 parts of fungus residue, 1-2 parts of humic acid, 1-2 parts of vegetable cake, 0.5-1.5 parts of aggregate, 0.3-0.8 parts of shell powder, and 0.3-0.8 parts of straw activator; S2, the livestock and poultry manure, agricultural straw, mushroom residue, vegetable cake, aggregate after grinding into a mixer and mixed with humic acid, shell powder, straw activator, the mixing time is 10 minutes, the mixer speed is 30-50 rpm; S3, drying: drying the mixed raw materials at a temperature of 120 degrees, with a moisture content of 10%-12%; S4, cooling and blowing: the dried material is cooled and blown for 5 minutes at a speed of 8-10 m / s; S5, stirring and adding bacterial agent: stirring and adding bacterial agent to the cooled material, the stirring time is 10 minutes; S6, granulation, polishing and shaping: the material after adding the bacterial agent is granulated, polished and shaped for 15 minutes.

2. The method for preparing functional bio-organic fertilizer by fermentation-free method of livestock and poultry excrement and straw as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the straw activator is one or a combination of KOH, K2C2O4, zinc chloride, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, and NH4HPO4.

3. The method for preparing functional bio-organic fertilizer by fermentation-free method of livestock and poultry excrement and straw as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In S5, the microbial agent contains bacteria that can improve the disease and insect pest resistance of the fertilizer, including one or a combination of several of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Streptomyces, Trichoderma viride, and Pseudomonas fluorescens.

4. The method for preparing functional bio-organic fertilizer by fermentation-free method of livestock and poultry excrement and straw as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In S5, the effective viable bacterial count of the added bacterial agent is greater than or equal to 80 million CFU / g.

5. The method for preparing functional bio-organic fertilizer by fermentation-free method of livestock and poultry excrement and straw as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In S5, a static curing step is added, the time is 1-2 hours.

6. The method for preparing functional bio-organic fertilizer by fermentation-free method of livestock and poultry excrement and straw as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In S6, in the granulation, polishing and shaping step, the particle size of the granules produced is 2-4 mm.

7. The method for preparing functional bio-organic fertilizer by fermentation-free method of livestock and poultry excrement and straw as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: During the entire process, the ambient temperature is maintained at 15-30°C and the relative humidity is controlled at 40%-60%.

8. The method for preparing functional bio-organic fertilizer by fermentation-free method of livestock and poultry excrement and straw as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The livestock and poultry manure described in S1 is one or a combination of cow manure, chicken manure, pig manure and sheep manure.

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