High-damping NiTip / Al composite layer on surface of aluminum alloy and preparation method of high-damping NiTip / Al composite layer

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-damping NiTip / Al composite layer on the surface of an aluminum alloy and a preparation method of the high-damping NiTip / Al composite layer. NiTi particles are introduced into the surface of the aluminum alloy through a stirring friction machining technology, and the NiTip / Al surface composite layer is successfully prepared. The NiTip / Al composite layer on the surface of the aluminum alloy has excellent low-temperature and room-temperature damping performance, and the damping performance of the NiTip / Al composite layer is obviously superior to that of an aluminum matrix material. The maximum internal friction values of the surface composite layer can reach 0.0126, 0.0116, 0.0120, 0.0122 and 0.0105 respectively at room temperature (27 DEG C),-90 DEG C,-55 DEG C, 0 DEG C and 60 DEG C respectively, and are 2.17 times, 2.64 times, 2.31 times, 2.18 times and 1.78 times of the internal friction values of the corresponding aluminum matrix material respectively, and the internal friction values of the surface composite layer can reach 0.0126, 0.0116, 0.0120, 0.0122 and 0.0105 respectively at room temperature (27 DEG C),-90 DEG C,-55 DEG C, 0 DEG C and 60 DEG C. NiTi particles in different aging states are adopted as reinforcing phases, so that the damping performance of the surface composite layer can be effectively improved, and the phase change damping temperature zone of the surface composite layer can be regulated and controlled according to actual needs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a high-damping NiTip / Al composite layer on the surface of an aluminum alloy and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Aluminum alloys are widely used due to their excellent properties such as low density, high strength and corrosion resistance. Damping performance is a performance indicator of the material's conversion of external vibration into internal energy consumption. High damping performance means that the material has good vibration reduction and noise reduction functions. The application of high damping structural materials can reduce the design of vibration reduction structures, which can effectively save costs and reduce weight. However, the damping performance of commercial aluminum alloys is currently low, which limits its application in the field of vibration reduction and noise reduction. Therefore, modifying the surface of aluminum alloys to further improve their damping performance has broad practical application significance. At present, with the continuous in-depth study of the damping performance of aluminum alloys, researchers have used different methods to modify the surface of aluminum alloys and obtained surface layers with high damping performance. These aluminum alloy surface layers can exhibit excellent damping performance above 150°C, but their low temperature and room temperature damping performance are still poor. NiTi alloy not only has shape memory effect and superelasticity, but also has excellent low temperature (<150°C) phase change damping characteristics. The preparation of NiTip / Al composite layer on the surface of aluminum alloy can make the surface of aluminum alloy present the internal friction peak of martensitic phase transformation in the room temperature and low temperature range, thereby improving the damping properties of aluminum alloy at room temperature and low temperature. However, there is no report on the preparation of high damping NiTip / Al composite layer on the surface of aluminum alloy by friction stir processing. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the invention is to provide a high-damping NiTip / Al composite layer on the surface of an aluminum alloy and a preparation method thereof.

[0004] In the aluminum alloy surface composite layer involved in the present invention, the reinforcement phase is NiTi particles (particle size 30-100 μm) and the matrix is ​​an aluminum plate.

[0005] The specific steps of the preparation method of the NiTip / Al composite layer on the aluminum alloy surface are as follows:

[0006] (1) Remove the oxide layer on the surface of the aluminum plate by mechanical grinding, and then clean the surface layer of the aluminum plate with alcohol;

[0007] (2) performing corresponding aging treatment on the original NiTi particles in the temperature range of 450°C-650°C to obtain NiTi particles in different pre-aging states;

[0008] (3) A series of pre-set holes with a diameter of 2-3 mm and a depth of 2 mm are processed on the surface of the aluminum plate, and the hole spacing is 0.5-1 mm. Then, the pre-aged NiTi particles are added to the pre-set holes on the aluminum plate, and after the powder in the pre-set holes is compacted, a needle-free stirring head is used to seal the holes.

[0009] (4) After the sealing treatment is completed, a stir friction welding machine is used to perform multiple stir friction processing on the aluminum alloy surface. The rotation speed of the stirring needle is 400-800 r / min, and the travel speed is 50-100 mm / min. Each processing is along the same direction to obtain a NiTip / Al surface composite layer.

[0010] The NiTip / Al surface composite layer prepared by the present invention has excellent damping performance at low temperature and room temperature, and is significantly better than its corresponding aluminum matrix material. Using NiTi particles in different aging states as the reinforcement phase can not only effectively improve the damping performance of the aluminum alloy surface composite layer, but also adjust the phase change damping temperature zone of the surface composite layer according to actual needs. At room temperature (27°C), the internal friction value of the surface composite layer is 0.0070-0.0126, which is 21%-117% higher than that of the corresponding aluminum matrix material; at -90°C, the internal friction value of the surface composite layer is 0.0060-0.116, which is 36%-164% higher than that of the corresponding aluminum matrix material; at -55°C, the internal friction value of the surface composite layer is 0.0066-0.0120, which is 27%-131% higher than that of the corresponding aluminum matrix material; at 0°C, the internal friction value of the surface composite layer is 0.0071-0.0122, which is 27%-118% higher than that of the corresponding aluminum matrix material; at 60°C, the internal friction value of the surface composite layer is 0.0061-0.0105, which is 3%-78% higher than that of the corresponding aluminum matrix material. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 Example 1 Microstructure and phase composition diagram of NiTip / Al surface composite layer.

[0012] Figure 2 Example 1 Internal friction-temperature curve of NiTip / Al surface composite layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] Example 1

[0014] The oxide layer on the surface of 1060 Al plate was removed by mechanical grinding, and then the surface layer of the aluminum plate was cleaned with alcohol; the original NiTi particles were subjected to corresponding aging treatment in the temperature range of 550℃ to obtain 550℃ pre-aged NiTi particles; a series of pre-set holes with a diameter of 3 mm and a depth of 2 mm were processed on the surface of the aluminum plate, and the hole spacing was 0.5 mm. Subsequently, the pre-aged NiTi particles were added to the pre-set holes on the aluminum plate, and the powder in the pre-set holes was compacted, and then the holes were sealed with a needleless stirring head; after the sealing treatment was completed, a stir friction welding machine was used to perform multiple stir friction processing on the surface of the aluminum alloy, with the stirring needle rotating at a speed of 400 r / min and a travel speed of 50 mm / min. Each processing was along the same direction, and finally a 550℃-NiTip / Al composite layer was obtained on the surface of the aluminum alloy.

[0015] Example 2

[0016] The oxide layer on the surface of 1060 Al plate was removed by mechanical grinding, and then the surface layer of the aluminum plate was cleaned with alcohol; the original NiTi particles were subjected to corresponding aging treatment in the temperature range of 650℃ to obtain 650℃ pre-aged NiTi particles; a series of pre-set holes with a diameter of 2 mm and a depth of 2 mm were processed on the surface of the aluminum plate, and the hole spacing was 1 mm. Subsequently, the pre-aged NiTi particles were added to the pre-set holes on the aluminum plate, and the powder in the pre-set holes was compacted, and then the holes were sealed with a needleless stirring head; after the sealing treatment was completed, a stir friction welding machine was used to perform multiple stir friction processing on the surface of the aluminum alloy, with the stirring needle rotating at a speed of 600 r / min and a travel speed of 50 mm / min. Each processing was along the same direction, and finally a 650℃-NiTip / Al composite layer was obtained on the surface of the aluminum alloy.

[0017] Example 3

[0018] The oxide layer on the surface of 1060 Al plate was removed by mechanical grinding, and then the surface layer of the aluminum plate was cleaned with alcohol; the original NiTi particles were subjected to corresponding aging treatment in the 450℃ temperature range to obtain 450℃ pre-aged NiTi particles; a series of pre-set holes with a diameter of 2 mm and a depth of 2 mm were processed on the surface of the aluminum plate, and the hole spacing was 1 mm. Subsequently, the pre-aged NiTi particles were added to the pre-set holes on the aluminum plate, and after the powder in the pre-set holes was compacted, the holes were sealed with a needleless stirring head; after the sealing treatment was completed, a stir friction welding machine was used to perform multiple stir friction processing on the surface of the aluminum alloy, with the stirring needle rotating at a speed of 800 r / min and a travel speed of 100 mm / min. Each processing was along the same direction, and finally a 450℃-NiTip / Al composite layer was obtained on the surface of the aluminum alloy.

[0019] The microstructure analysis and damping performance test of the final surface composite layer were carried out. The microstructure analysis of the surface composite layer was carried out on a Hitachi S-4800 scanning electron microscope. The internal friction value of the sample was continuously measured in the temperature range of 25 to 360 °C using a dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA, NETZSCH DMA 242E), and the single cantilever strain control mode was selected, with the heating and cooling rates of 10 °C / min.

[0020] The NiTip / Al surface composite layer of the present invention has excellent damping performance at room temperature and low temperature, and its damping performance is significantly better than that of the aluminum matrix material. At room temperature (27°C), the internal friction value of the surface composite layer can reach a maximum of 0.0126, which is 2.17 times that of the corresponding aluminum matrix material; at -90°C, the internal friction value of the surface composite layer can reach a maximum of 0.0116, which is 2.64 times that of the corresponding aluminum matrix material; at -55°C, the internal friction value of the surface composite layer can reach a maximum of 0.0120, which is 2.31 times that of the corresponding aluminum matrix material; at 0°C, the internal friction value of the surface composite layer can reach a maximum of 0.0122, which is 2.18 times that of the corresponding aluminum matrix material; at 60°C, the internal friction value of the surface composite layer can reach a maximum of 0.0105, which is 1.78 times that of the corresponding aluminum matrix material. The specific data of the test are shown in Table 1.

[0021] Table 1 Damping performance test results of the NiTip / Al surface composite layer and its aluminum matrix material obtained by the present invention

[0022]

Claims

1. A high damping NiTip / Al composite layer on the surface of an aluminum alloy, characterized in that: The NiTip / Al composite layer on the surface of the aluminum alloy has excellent room temperature and low temperature damping properties; at room temperature (27°C), the internal friction value of the surface composite layer is 0.0070-0.0126, which is 21%-117% higher than that of the corresponding aluminum matrix material; at -90°C, the internal friction value of the surface composite layer is 0.0060-0.116, which is 36%-164% higher than that of the corresponding aluminum matrix material; using NiTi particles in different pre-aging states as the reinforcement phase can not only effectively improve the damping performance of the aluminum alloy surface composite layer, but also adjust the damping temperature zone of the surface composite layer according to actual needs.

2. The high damping NiTip / Al composite layer on the aluminum alloy surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of the method for preparing the high damping NiTip / Al composite layer on the surface of aluminum alloy are as follows: (1) Remove the oxide layer on the surface of the aluminum plate by mechanical grinding, and then clean the surface layer of the aluminum plate with alcohol; (2) performing corresponding aging treatment on the original NiTi particles in the temperature range of 450°C-650°C to obtain NiTi particles in different pre-aging states; (3) A series of pre-set holes with a diameter of 2-3 mm and a depth of 2 mm are processed on the surface of the aluminum plate, and the hole spacing is 0.5-1 mm; then, the pre-aged NiTi particles are added into the pre-set holes on the aluminum plate, and after the powder in the pre-set holes is compacted, a needle-free stirring head is used to seal the holes; (4) After the sealing treatment is completed, a stir friction welding machine is used to perform multiple stir friction processing on the aluminum alloy surface. The rotation speed of the stirring needle is 400-800 r / min, and the travel speed is 50-100 mm / min. Each processing is along the same direction to obtain a NiTip / Al surface composite layer.

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