Planting method for effectively improving survival rate of artificially planted trees in stony desertification area

Abstract

The invention discloses a planting method for effectively improving the survival rate of artificially planted trees in a stony desertification area. The planting method comprises the following steps: (1) selecting the stony desertification area; (2) selecting tree species suitable for being planted in the stony desertification region; (3) selecting proper planting density; (4) selecting proper planting time; (5) preparing bagged slow-release fertilizer before planting; (6) artificial planting: vertically putting tree seedlings into the planting pits, filling the planting pits with crushed soil, treading the planting pits tightly, then putting bag slow-release fertilizer around the tree seedlings to ensure that root systems of the tree seedlings are in contact with fertilizer bags, then covering soil, and finally covering a plastic film; (7) management after planting, including water management and pest control. By means of the planting strategy, the teak survival rate reaches up to 99.4% or above, and the afforestation efficiency is greatly improved. The method has immeasurable value for accelerating vegetation recovery in the stony desertification region and realizing local remarkable economic, social and ecological benefits.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of tree planting, and in particular relates to a planting method for effectively improving the survival rate of artificially planted trees in rocky desertification areas. [Background technology]

[0002] Rocky desertification refers to the phenomenon of land degradation caused by natural factors and human activities, with exposed rocks, severe destruction of vegetation, poor soil, and increased soil erosion. Rocky desertification areas usually face huge challenges in ecological restoration. Their surface conditions are not conducive to plant growth, resulting in a low survival rate of artificially planted trees, which seriously restricts the ecological reconstruction and sustainable development of these areas.

[0003] In the past few decades, researchers have proposed a variety of vegetation restoration technologies to solve the problem of desertification. These technologies include converting slopes into terraces, planting trees and grass, and planting crops. The purpose is to reduce soil erosion and promote ecological restoration by changing the terrain, improving soil structure, and increasing vegetation coverage. However, due to the special geological and climatic conditions in desertification areas, these traditional methods often face problems such as low plant survival rate and unsatisfactory ecological effects.

[0004] In terms of market conditions, as the country pays more and more attention to the construction of ecological civilization, desertification control has become an important ecological project. Promoting effective vegetation restoration technology in desertification areas not only has great ecological value, but also has broad market prospects. At present, the market urgently needs a technology that can significantly improve the survival rate of tree planting to accelerate the ecological restoration process in desertification areas.

[0005] The development of this technology can be explained from the following aspects: First, early desertification control technologies focused on physical engineering measures, such as terrace construction and soil improvement. Subsequently, with the development of biotechnology, vegetation restoration gradually became the core of desertification control, and the focus shifted to selecting suitable plant species and planting techniques. In recent years, in order to further improve the survival rate of plants in desertified areas, researchers have begun to explore new planting methods, including optimizing plant planting time, improving planting techniques, and using biotechnology. The development of these technologies provides new directions and possibilities for ecological restoration in desertified areas.

[0006] The Chinese patent application with publication number CN103299803A discloses a method for planting trees and grass in stone cracks with seed coating. First, plant seeds suitable for the local environment are selected, and compound fertilizers and water-absorbing resins are wrapped around the seeds through coating technology; then, the coated seeds are scattered in the stone cracks of the rocky desertification plots by aerial sowing or manual spreading in the rainy season to complete the process of planting trees and grass in the stone cracks with coated seeds. The method not only enables plant seeds to absorb water between the stone wall and soil of the stone cracks after absorbing water in the rainy season, but also utilizes the characteristics of precipitation in the rainy season and the difficulty of evaporation of water in the stone cracks, so that the plant seeds have sufficient water and fertilizer conditions to take root and sprout in the stone cracks, and absorb nutrients from the moist soil in the stone cracks, greatly improving the survival rate of seeds and the coverage of vegetation in the rocky desertification area. There are the following technical problems: Although seed coating technology can improve the survival rate of seeds, in actual operation, the coating material may be damaged during transportation and sowing due to insufficient durability and environmental adaptability of the coating material, affecting the seed's ability to absorb and adsorb water; in addition, it depends on precipitation in the rainy season, and there may be a risk of insufficient water, affecting seed germination and plant growth.

[0007] The patent application with the publication number CN106538216A discloses a tree planting method in a comprehensive desertification control area, including the following steps: Ⅰ Planting site cleaning; Ⅱ Land preparation: Select a place with a certain soil layer and suitable for planting, and use a hole-shaped land preparation method. The conditional specifications of the ridge are 50cm long × 40cm wide × 30cm deep, and large stones and grass roots and tree roots are detected to make the soil blocks fine. If the site conditions do not allow, the land preparation specifications may not be restricted; Ⅲ Backfilling with foreign soil, due to the lack of soil in the rocky mountain area, each planting ridge is backfilled with 20 kg of foreign soil, and loam without impurities is selected; Ⅳ Seedling preparation: transport the seedlings to the planting site, and treat the seedlings with a rooting agent diluted with water to make the roots of yellow mud slurry; Ⅴ Planting, after the planting ridge is backfilled, the ridge is re-dug to stretch the roots of the seedlings under the ridge, and the soil without impurities is backfilled and compacted, and then covered with a layer of loose soil. The trees are likely to survive, which is conducive to afforestation and desertification control. However, the following technical problems often exist in practical applications: this method has high requirements for the soil layer of the planting site and may not be applicable to rocky desertification areas with thin soil layers; at the same time, the process of backfilling with imported soil may lead to unstable tree survival rates due to improper selection of soil quality and backfilling amount, thereby increasing management costs and labor input.

[0008] The patent application with publication number CN103299805A discloses a method for filling stone crevices with trees and grass. First, local plant seeds suitable for local planting are selected, mixed with soil, fertilizer, water and chopped straw to form mud, and then the mud is sown into the appropriate depth of the stone crevices to complete the filling of stone crevices with trees and grass. This method not only enables plant seeds to be adsorbed in the stone crevices and not washed away by rain, but also effectively prevents direct sunlight from causing seeds to lose moisture quickly, thereby improving the survival rate of seed sowing. At the same time, by utilizing the characteristics of rainy season precipitation and the difficulty of evaporation of water in stone crevices, the roots of the seeds can be deeply inserted into the moist soil in the stone crevices in the later stage, thus completing the rooting and germination of the seeds. However, it still has the following technical problems: the mixing ratio and filling materials may not fully consider the environmental differences in different rocky desertification areas, resulting in waste of resources and unstable survival rate; in addition, the filling depth and straw length may not be optimized for all plant species, affecting the growth and rooting of plants.

[0009] The patent application with publication number CN104798658A discloses a seedling afforestation method for teak, a precious tree species in a rocky desertification area, including the steps of strong seedling cultivation, meticulous land preparation, seedling planting and post-planting management, cultivating teak seeds in containers to form strong seedlings, meticulous land preparation, planting when the soil is moist after rain in February to March, and doing a good job of fertilizer and water management and pest control after planting. The afforestation method of the present invention increases the survival rate of teak in a karst rocky desertification area from 80% to more than 95%, and a successful afforestation does not require replanting, thereby improving afforestation efficiency, accelerating the vegetation restoration process in karst rocky desertification areas, increasing the economic income of the masses in rocky mountain areas, and generating significant economic benefits, social benefits and ecological benefits. However, there are problems that the afforestation survival rate is not too high, and the average annual tree height and average ground diameter of teak are not large enough. [Summary of the invention]

[0010] The invention provides a planting method for effectively improving the survival rate of artificially planted trees in rocky desertification areas, so as to solve the problems that the afforestation survival rate of the existing planting method is not too high, and the average annual tree height and average ground diameter of teak are not large enough.

[0011] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0012] A planting method for effectively improving the survival rate of artificially planted trees in rocky desertification areas comprises the following steps:

[0013] (1) Choose a desertification area;

[0014] (2) Select tree species suitable for planting in rocky desertification areas;

[0015] (3) Select appropriate planting density;

[0016] (4) Choose the appropriate planting time;

[0017] (5) Before planting, prepare bagged slow-release fertilizer;

[0018] (6) Artificial planting: Place the tree seedlings upright in the planting pit, fill the pit with crushed soil and compact it, then place bags of slow-release fertilizer around the tree seedlings, ensuring that the roots of the tree seedlings are in contact with the fertilizer bags, then cover with soil, and finally cover with plastic film;

[0019] (7) Post-planting management: including water management and pest and disease control.

[0020] Furthermore, the tree species described in step (2) include one or more of teak, Dalbergia odorifera, Betel nut, Toona sinensis, Dogwood, Phaseolus vulgaris, Leucaena leucophylla, Chaenomeles sinensis, and Cypress.

[0021] Furthermore, in step (3), the planting density is 1200-1650 tree seedlings per hectare.

[0022] In rocky desertification areas with fragile ecological environment, poor land and sparse vegetation cover, it is particularly important to scientifically and rationally control the planting density, especially to accurately control the planting number of tree seedlings within the range of 1200-1650 plants per hectare.

[0023] 1) Optimize resource allocation: The soil in rocky desertification areas has poor water retention and poor nutrients. Too high a planting density will lead to fierce competition among seedlings for limited water, light and nutrients, thereby reducing the growth quality of individual plants and even causing large-scale deaths. The appropriate planting density can ensure that each seedling has enough growth space, optimize resource allocation, and increase the survival rate.

[0024] 2) Promote ecological balance: Reasonable planting density helps to form a stable ecosystem structure, promote soil microbial activity, enhance soil fertility, reduce soil erosion, and create favorable conditions for the natural succession of vegetation and biodiversity restoration. At the same time, the dense canopy can intercept rainwater, reduce surface runoff, increase soil moisture, and further improve the regional microclimate.

[0025] 3) Economic and ecological benefits are equally important: Appropriate planting density can also increase forest growth rate and wood quality, bringing economic benefits to local communities.

[0026] Furthermore, the planting time in step (4) is: planting in February to March when the soil is moist after rain.

[0027] Choosing the right time to carry out afforestation, especially seizing the golden period from February to March each year when the spring rains are continuous and the soil is relatively moist, is of immeasurable value for restoring vegetation and improving the ecological environment.

[0028] 1) Optimization of soil conditions: From February to March, with the continuous drizzle in late winter and early spring, the soil in the rocky desertification area is briefly and preciously moist. During this period, the soil moisture content is moderate, neither too dry to make it difficult for the seedlings to take root, nor too muddy to affect the planting efficiency. Moist soil helps the roots of the seedlings to closely integrate with the soil, promoting the initial growth and development of the roots.

[0029] 2) Improve survival rate: Moist soil reduces the risk of seedlings dying due to excessive water loss during transplantation. At the same time, the natural nutrients in the spring rain also provide the seedlings with initial nutrient replenishment, helping them to quickly adapt to the new environment and enhance resistance, thereby improving the overall survival rate.

[0030] 3) Promote ecological restoration: Seizing this critical period to plant trees in time can quickly increase surface vegetation coverage, slow down soil erosion, improve soil structure, and lay the foundation for subsequent ecological restoration. As trees grow, they will gradually improve the local microclimate, attract more organisms to inhabit, and form a virtuous cycle.

[0031] Furthermore, the bagged slow-release fertilizer described in step (5) comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 16-25 parts of urea, 6-11 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 4-9 parts of diammonium phosphate, 5-8 parts of potassium chloride, 2-4 parts of potassium sulfate, 0.4-0.7 parts of magnesium nitrate, 0.3-0.6 parts of calcium nitrate, 0.3-0.5 parts of zinc chloride, 0.2-0.4 parts of sodium borate, 8-15 parts of tung wood, 0.2-0.6 parts of divalent porphyrin iron, 0.3-0.6 parts of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, 0.08-0.15 parts of ferrous sulfate, 3-5 parts of water retaining agent, 4-8 parts of organic nutrient soil, 0.6-1.7 parts of calcium carbonate, 1-2 parts of bagasse pulp and paper, 0.7-1.5 parts of bagasse fiber non-woven fabric, 2-5 parts of molasses, and 1-3 parts of amino acids.

[0032] Furthermore, the bagged slow-release fertilizer includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of urea, 8 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 7 parts of diammonium phosphate, 6 parts of potassium chloride, 3 parts of potassium sulfate, 0.5 parts of magnesium nitrate, 0.4 parts of calcium nitrate, 0.4 parts of zinc chloride, 0.3 parts of sodium borate, 12 parts of tung wood, 0.4 parts of divalent porphyrin iron, 0.5 parts of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, 0.12 parts of ferrous sulfate, 4 parts of water retaining agent, 7 parts of organic nutrient soil, 1 part of calcium carbonate, 1.6 parts of bagasse pulp and paper, 1.2 parts of bagasse fiber non-woven fabric, 4 parts of molasses, and 2 parts of amino acids.

[0033] Furthermore, the method for preparing the bagged slow-release fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0034] S1: uniformly heat-sealing bagasse pulp and bagasse fiber nonwoven fabric at a heat-sealing temperature of 295-312° C., and then uniformly spraying a layer of calcium carbonate on the surface of the bagasse fiber nonwoven fabric to obtain a bagging material;

[0035] S2: Add 0.2-0.4 parts of water to ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, stir until completely dissolved, adjust the pH value to 7.4-8.6, then add ferrous sulfate, stir, and prepare slurry a;

[0036] S3: uniformly mixing urea, monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, magnesium nitrate, calcium nitrate, zinc chloride, sodium borate, tung oil, divalent porphyrin iron, water retaining agent, organic nutrient soil, molasses, and amino acid to obtain a mixture;

[0037] S4: mixing the mixture obtained in step S3 with slurry a, and granulating the mixture to obtain granular fertilizer;

[0038] S5: Wrap the granular fertilizer obtained in step S4 with the bagging material obtained in S1 to obtain bagged slow-release fertilizer.

[0039] Furthermore, ferrous sulfate is added in step S2, and the mixture is stirred at a rotation speed of 200-300 r / min for 15-20 min to prepare slurry a.

[0040] Furthermore, in step (6), 4 bags of slow-release fertilizer are evenly placed around the tree seedlings in the upper, lower, left and right directions.

[0041] Furthermore, in step (6), the covering soil is 2.5-3.5 cm higher than the original rhizosphere.

[0042] The technical principle of the bagged slow-release fertilizer of the present invention is:

[0043] 1. Urea (16-25 parts)

[0044] Urea is the main source of nitrogen fertilizer and contains rich nitrogen (N), which is a key component for trees to synthesize amino acids, proteins and chlorophyll. Its water-soluble properties allow for a faster release of nutrients, but care must be taken to control the dosage to prevent excessive use from causing soil salinization or excessive growth of trees. Adding an appropriate amount (16-25 parts) can ensure that trees obtain the right amount of nitrogen at different growth stages and promote healthy growth.

[0045] 2. Monoammonium phosphate (6-11 parts) and diammonium phosphate (4-9 parts)

[0046] Together, these two substances provide trees with phosphorus (P), which is the basis of important biological molecules such as cell nuclei and ATP, and is essential for the root development, energy metabolism, and flower and fruit formation of trees. Controlling the dosage (6-11 parts and 4-9 parts) can avoid phosphorus waste and environmental pollution, while ensuring that the needs of trees are met.

[0047] 3. Potassium chloride (5-8 parts) and potassium sulfate (2-4 parts)

[0048] Potassium chloride and potassium sulfate, as representatives of potassium fertilizers, provide potassium (K) elements, which have a significant impact on photosynthesis, water balance, and stress resistance of trees. Appropriate proportions (5-8 parts and 2-4 parts) can optimize potassium supply and promote the improvement of tree quality.

[0049] 4. Magnesium nitrate (0.4-0.7 parts), calcium nitrate (0.3-0.6 parts)

[0050] These two substances supplement magnesium (Mg) and calcium (Ca) respectively. Magnesium is the key to chlorophyll synthesis, while calcium is involved in cell wall formation and signal transduction. Appropriate addition (0.4-0.7 parts and 0.3-0.6 parts) can prevent nutrient deficiency in trees and enhance the structural strength and stress resistance of trees.

[0051] 5. Zinc chloride (0.3-0.5 parts), sodium borate (0.2-0.4 parts)

[0052] Zinc chloride provides zinc (Zn), which plays an important role in the enzyme activity, photosynthesis and reproductive growth of trees; sodium borate supplements boron (B), which is indispensable for the elongation of pollen tubes and fruit development. Precisely controlling the dosage (0.3-0.5 parts and 0.2-0.4 parts) can avoid the toxicity caused by excessive trace elements and ensure the normal growth of trees.

[0053] 6. Tung Blight (8-15 servings)

[0054] As an organic matter, tung wood is rich in humus and various trace elements, which can improve soil structure, increase soil fertility and promote microbial activity. Its dosage (8-15 parts) needs to be flexibly adjusted according to soil conditions and forest needs to achieve the best effect.

[0055] 7. Porphine iron (0.2-0.6 parts), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (0.3-0.6 parts), ferrous sulfate (0.08-0.15 parts)

[0056] These ingredients promote the absorption and utilization of iron by trees through different mechanisms, which is of great significance for preventing iron deficiency yellow leaf disease. Controlling the dosage can ensure efficient absorption of iron and avoid waste.

[0057] EDTA is used as a chelating agent. EDTA can form a stable chelate with the iron ions in ferrous sulfate, thus improving the bioavailability of iron. The dosage is controlled between 0.2-0.6 parts to ensure the effective absorption and utilization of iron.

[0058] 8. Water-retaining agent (3-5 parts)

[0059] Water retaining agents can absorb and retain a large amount of water, reduce water evaporation, and improve the soil's water retention capacity, which is particularly important under drought conditions. Adding an appropriate amount (3-5 parts) can effectively alleviate water stress in forests.

[0060] 9. Organic nutrient soil (4-8 parts), molasses (2-5 parts), amino acids (1-3 parts)

[0061] These ingredients are rich in organic matter and bioactive substances, which can significantly improve the soil environment, promote root development, and increase fertilizer utilization. Reasonable proportions (4-8 parts, 2-5 parts, 1-3 parts) can enhance the overall growth potential of trees and improve yield and quality.

[0062] 10. The precise proportion and proper control of each ingredient in the fertilizer particles are the key to ensuring the efficient, environmentally friendly and safe use of fertilizers. Through scientific formula design, the needs of forest growth can be met to the greatest extent possible and the sustainable development of agriculture can be promoted.

[0063] 11. This innovative work is ingenious, cleverly integrating bagasse pulp, calcium carbonate and bagasse fiber nonwovens to create a revolutionary bag material. The essence lies in the precise control of the fertilizer release rate through the exquisite interaction and synergistic effect among the three. The first thing to mention is calcium carbonate, which plays a dual role of filling and regulating in the formula, accounting for between 0.6 and 1.7 parts. Its unique particle structure builds a physical barrier, effectively delaying the dissolution and diffusion process of fertilizer nutrients. What's more, calcium carbonate can also finely control the pH value of fertilizers, optimize the soil environment, and help plant roots absorb and utilize nutrients more efficiently. Next is bagasse pulp, which is cleverly integrated at a ratio of 1 to 2 parts. It not only serves as a solid structural support, giving the slow-release fertilizer excellent physical strength and durability, but also uses its excellent adsorption and water retention capacity of natural fibers to firmly lock the fertilizer solution and effectively curb the rapid escape of nutrients. In addition, the porous nature of bagasse pulp further promotes the gradual release of fertilizers, ensuring that nutrients can be continuously and stably supplied to crops. Finally, bagasse fiber nonwovens cannot be ignored. It accounts for about 0.7 to 1.5 parts in the formula. As an outer protective coat, it shows extraordinary air permeability and moderate water permeability. This feature not only maintains the stability of the internal fertilizer environment, but also allows an appropriate amount of water and air to penetrate freely, providing favorable conditions for the activity of microorganisms and accelerating the microbial degradation process of nutrients. In this way, a more natural and efficient slow-release mechanism is achieved. In summary, these three materials, under a carefully designed ratio, work together to improve the controlled-release efficiency of slow-release fertilizers through multiple mechanisms such as building physical barriers, exerting adsorption and water retention functions, and regulating microbial activities, ensuring a balanced and efficient supply of nutrients throughout the entire crop growth cycle. This innovation not only demonstrates the power of science and technology, but also contributes an important force to the sustainable development of modern agriculture.

[0064] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical advantages:

[0065] 1. Compared with traditional fertilization methods, which often lead to unnecessary loss and rapid volatilization of fertilizers, thereby polluting soil and water sources, the innovative bag-controlled slow-release technology of the present invention effectively curbs such loss and volatilization by finely regulating the fertilizer release mechanism, thereby significantly reducing the environmental burden.

[0066] 2. The ingenuity of the bag-controlled slow-release technology of the present invention lies in that it safely encapsulates the fertilizer in a special packaging bag and directly implants it into the soil, which simplifies the fertilization process, eliminates cumbersome operating steps, and greatly reduces manpower investment and time costs.

[0067] 3. Considering that key nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and iron in the fertilizer bag are released in a gradual and continuous manner, the design of the present invention ensures the long-term effectiveness of the fertilizer, fully meets the nutritional needs of trees during their growth cycle, and greatly improves the utilization efficiency of the fertilizer.

[0068] 4. The bagged slow-release fertilizer of the present invention cleverly combines the superior performance of bagasse pulp, calcium carbonate and bagasse fiber nonwoven fabric. The three work synergistically to significantly enhance the controlled release efficiency of the slow-release fertilizer. Practice has proved that the fertilizer of the present invention can not only effectively correct the iron deficiency problem of eucalyptus, but also significantly improve its yield and quality, showing extremely high promotion and application value.

[0069] 5. Currently, teak afforestation generally adopts two methods: plastic container seedlings and bare-root seedlings. However, bare-root seedlings are severely damaged during transplantation, and the afforestation technology is not sophisticated, which often leads to a survival rate of only around 80%, which is not satisfactory. In contrast, the planting method of the present invention increases the survival rate to more than 99.4%. This leap forward undoubtedly demonstrates the significant progress of this technology in the field of afforestation.

[0070] 6. Compared with the prior art (publication number CN104798658A), the planting method of the present invention not only slightly improves the survival rate of teak afforestation in the current year, but also achieves a qualitative leap in the annual growth height and average ground diameter of teak, which are increased by 23.17% and 15.23% respectively. This data comparison fully proves the technical superiority of the present invention.

[0071] 7. Relying on the planting strategy of the present invention, the survival rate of teak is as high as 99.4% or more, achieving one-time success in afforestation without the need for subsequent replanting, which greatly improves the afforestation efficiency. This has immeasurable value in accelerating vegetation restoration in rocky desertification areas, promoting local economic development, increasing farmers' income, and achieving significant economic, social and ecological benefits. [Specific implementation method]

[0072] In order to facilitate a better understanding of the present invention, the following examples are used to illustrate the present invention. These examples belong to the protection scope of the present invention, but do not limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0073] In an embodiment, the planting method for effectively improving the survival rate of artificially planted trees in rocky desertification areas comprises the following steps:

[0074] (1) Choose a desertification area;

[0075] (2) Select tree species suitable for planting in rocky desertification areas: teak, Dalbergia odorifera, Betel nut, Toona sinensis, Dogwood, Phaseolus vulgaris, Leucaena leucophylla, Chaenomeles sinensis, and Cypress;

[0076] (3) Choose an appropriate planting density: 1,200 to 1,650 tree seedlings per hectare;

[0077] (4) Choose the right time to plant: plant in February or March when the soil is moist after rain;

[0078] (5) Before planting, prepare bagged slow-release fertilizer;

[0079] (6) Artificial planting: Place the seedlings upright in the planting pit, fill the pit with crushed soil and tamp it down, then evenly place 4 bags of slow-release fertilizer (each bag weighs 200-300g) around the seedlings, making sure that the roots of the seedlings are in contact with the fertilizer bags, then cover with soil that is 2.5-3.5cm higher than the original root zone, and finally cover with plastic film;

[0080] (7) Post-planting management: Carry out water management and pest and disease control according to conventional methods.

[0081] The bagged slow-release fertilizer described in step (5) comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 16-25 parts of urea, 6-11 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 4-9 parts of diammonium phosphate, 5-8 parts of potassium chloride, 2-4 parts of potassium sulfate, 0.4-0.7 parts of magnesium nitrate, 0.3-0.6 parts of calcium nitrate, 0.3-0.5 parts of zinc chloride, 0.2-0.4 parts of sodium borate, 8-15 parts of tung wood, 0.2-0.6 parts of divalent porphyrin iron, 0.3-0.6 parts of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, 0.08-0.15 parts of ferrous sulfate, 3-5 parts of water retaining agent, 4-8 parts of organic nutrient soil, 0.6-1.7 parts of calcium carbonate, 1-2 parts of bagasse pulp and paper, 0.7-1.5 parts of bagasse fiber non-woven fabric, 2-5 parts of molasses, and 1-3 parts of amino acids.

[0082] The method for preparing the bagged slow-release fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0083] S1: uniformly heat-sealing bagasse pulp and bagasse fiber nonwoven fabric at a heat-sealing temperature of 295-312° C., and then uniformly spraying a layer of calcium carbonate on the surface of the bagasse fiber nonwoven fabric to obtain a bagging material;

[0084] S2: Add 0.2-0.4 parts of water to ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, stir until completely dissolved, adjust the pH value to 7.4-8.6, then add ferrous sulfate, stir at a speed of 200-300 r / min for 15-20 minutes to prepare slurry a;

[0085] S3: uniformly mixing urea, monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, magnesium nitrate, calcium nitrate, zinc chloride, sodium borate, tung oil, divalent porphyrin iron, water retaining agent, organic nutrient soil, molasses, and amino acid to obtain a mixture;

[0086] S4: mixing the mixture obtained in step S3 with slurry a, and granulating the mixture to obtain granular fertilizer;

[0087] S5: Wrap the granular fertilizer obtained in step S4 with the bagging material obtained in S1 to obtain bagged slow-release fertilizer.

[0088] The water retaining agent, in parts by weight, comprises the following steps: 10-20 parts of lysine, 6-11 parts of threonine, 8-15 parts of phenylalanine, 1-3.5 parts of fulvic acid, 2-5 parts of malic acid, 0.2-0.4 parts of cellulase preparation, 0.12-0.25 parts of protease preparation, 0.2-0.6 parts of xanthan gum, and 30-50 parts of water.

[0089] The preparation method of the water-retaining agent comprises the following steps:

[0090] (1) adding water, lysine, threonine, phenylalanine, fulvic acid and malic acid into a reaction kettle, and then stirring for 35-46 minutes at a microwave power of 200-300 W, a temperature of 70-76° C. and a rotation speed of 100-200 r / min to prepare a mixed acid composition;

[0091] (2) Cooling the mixed acid composition obtained in step (1) to room temperature, adding a cellulase preparation, a protease preparation, and xanthan gum, and then stirring at a rotation speed of 40-80 r / min for 20-30 min to obtain a water-retaining agent.

[0092] The technical principle of the water-retaining agent of the present invention:

[0093] The water-retaining agent formula of the present invention has the following components in parts by weight: 10 to 20 parts of lysine, 6 to 11 parts of threonine, 8 to 15 parts of phenylalanine, 1 to 3.5 parts of fulvic acid, 2 to 5 parts of malic acid, supplemented with 0.2 to 0.4 parts of biological enzyme preparations - cellulase, 0.12 to 0.25 parts of protease, and 0.2 to 0.6 parts of thickener xanthan gum, and finally 30 to 50 parts of water as solvent. Its unique preparation process aims to achieve efficient water-retaining performance through scientific physical and biochemical effects, and the specific steps are explained as follows:

[0094] Detailed description of preparation technology principles and steps:

[0095] 1. Preliminary mixing and acidification reaction: First, accurately measured water, lysine, threonine, phenylalanine, fulvic acid and malic acid are put into the reactor. Subsequently, heating is performed within a specific microwave power range (200-300W). This process not only accelerates the molecular movement of the reactants, but also promotes preliminary dissolution and mixing. At the same time, the temperature is controlled between 70 and 76°C. This temperature range is conducive to the interaction between the components, especially the dissociation and activity enhancement of acid substances. At a stirring speed of 100 to 200 rpm, stirring is continued for 35 to 46 minutes to ensure that all ingredients are evenly mixed to form a preliminary mixed acid composition. The key to this step is to promote the homogenization and preliminary reaction of the mixed acid system through the comprehensive regulation of temperature, time and stirring speed.

[0096] 2. Enzymatic reaction and molding: Subsequently, the mixed acid composition prepared in step 1 is naturally cooled to room temperature. This cooling process helps to reduce the risk of inactivation of the enzyme preparation added later due to high temperature. Next, cellulase preparations, protease preparations and xanthan gum are added to the system. Cellulase and protease, as biocatalysts, can promote the hydrolysis and reconstruction of polymer substances under mild conditions, and enhance the water holding capacity and structural stability of the water retaining agent. Xanthan gum, as a thickener, helps to form a stable colloidal structure. Continue stirring for 20 to 30 minutes at a low speed of 40 to 80 rpm to allow the enzyme preparation to fully act on the mixed acid system, promote the formation of complex chemical reactions and physical structures, and finally obtain a water retaining agent with excellent water retention performance.

[0097] In summary, the preparation technology principle of the water-retaining agent of the present invention is to construct a composite system with high water-retaining capacity and stable structure by precisely controlling the proportion of each component and the preparation conditions and utilizing multiple action mechanisms such as physical mixing, chemical acidification and biological enzymatic reaction.

[0098] The organic nutrient soil comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45-60 parts of corn stalk powder, 2-3 parts of tripterygium wilfordii, 30-46 parts of bentonite, 3-5 parts of itaconic acid, 0.2-0.6 parts of Bacillus pasteurianus, 0.1-0.3 parts of Bacillus subtilis preparation, 0.1-0.2 parts of yeast, 2.1-3.5 parts of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, and 1.5-2.8 parts of potassium carboxymethyl cellulose.

[0099] Step 1: Mix and modify bentonite and sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate;

[0100] Step 2, adding corn stalk powder, triptolide, itaconic acid, Bacillus pasteurianus, Bacillus subtilis preparation, yeast, and potassium carboxymethyl cellulose to the bentonite modified in step 1, stirring and mixing evenly to obtain a mixed soil material;

[0101] Step 3: The mixed soil material obtained in step 2 is subjected to mixed pile fermentation at a fermentation temperature of 38-45°C. During the fermentation, the mixed soil material is turned over every 2-3 days. The organic nutrient soil is obtained after 8-12 days of fermentation.

[0102] The technical principle of the organic nutrient soil of the present invention:

[0103] The organic nutrient soil of the present invention is carefully formulated according to the weight ratio, and its core ingredients include: corn stalk powder accounts for 45% to 60% as the main source of organic matter; tripterygium wilfordii 2% to 3% promotes soil health with its unique biological activity; bentonite accounts for 30% to 46% to enhance the soil's ability to retain water and fertilizer; itaconic acid 3% to 5% regulates soil pH and promotes microbial activity; the microbial community is jointly constructed by Bacillus pasteurianus 0.2% to 0.6%, Bacillus subtilis preparation 0.1% to 0.3%, and yeast 0.1% to 0.2%, which are essential for improving the soil microecological environment; in addition, a modifier sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate 2.1% to 3.5% is added to improve the dispersion and other properties between soil particles; finally, potassium carboxymethyl cellulose 1.5% to 2.8% helps to form soil structure.

[0104] In the innovative research and development practice of this invention, we found that sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate and potassium carboxymethyl cellulose showed extraordinary synergistic properties in the process of carefully preparing organic nutrient soil, which jointly gave rise to a significant leap in the annual growth of teak, which was specifically reflected in the steady increase in its average tree height and base diameter. The core logic of this breakthrough is:

[0105] In the first step, we cleverly used sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate to deeply modify bentonite. This process replaces the original cations on the surface of bentonite with functional groups unique to sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate through a sophisticated ion exchange mechanism. This is like lighting up the active light on the surface of bentonite particles, greatly improving its adsorption affinity for organic matter. At the same time, this modification step also cleverly removes excess water and ions in the pores of bentonite, retaining its vast specific surface area and porous structure, which plays a vital role in purifying forest soil and improving the soil ecological environment.

[0106] On the other hand, the incorporation of potassium carboxymethyl cellulose has brought revolutionary optimization to the physical structure of organic nutrient soil. Its excellent fluffy characteristics not only build a smooth ventilation and water permeability network between soil particles, but also greatly enhance the soil's ability to capture pollutants. It is particularly worth mentioning that potassium carboxymethyl cellulose, with its unique ability to promote disintegration, accelerates the decomposition process of organic nutrient soil, creates a richer and more suitable growth space for the teak root system, accelerates the circulation and absorption of nutrients, and thus stimulates the healthy growth of teak.

[0107] In summary, the powerful combination of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate and potassium carboxymethyl cellulose not only profoundly transformed the soil matrix, but also significantly promoted the increase in the annual growth of teak. Whether it was the increase in tree height or the increase in base diameter, they all demonstrated their indispensable role in promoting the sustainable development of forestry.

[0108] Preparation technology principle:

[0109] 1. Modification and fusion of bentonite and sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate: First, the bentonite and sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate are mixed and modified. This step aims to improve the surface properties of bentonite and enhance its adsorption capacity through the intervention of the modifier, laying a good foundation for the subsequent integration of components and the formation of soil structure.

[0110] 2. Evenly mix multiple ingredients: Then, the modified bentonite is put into the mixing process together with organic and functional ingredients such as corn stalk powder, triptolide, itaconic acid, as well as bioactive substances such as microbial preparations and yeast, and potassium carboxymethyl cellulose to ensure that all ingredients are evenly mixed to form a preliminary mixed soil material. The key to this step is to achieve full integration of each ingredient to maximize their effectiveness.

[0111] 3. Synergistic effect of pile fermentation: The evenly mixed soil is fermented in a pile, and the fermentation temperature is controlled between 38°C and 45°C. This temperature range is conducive to the rapid reproduction of microorganisms and the decomposition and transformation of organic matter. During the fermentation process, the soil is turned over every 2 to 3 days to promote oxygen exchange and avoid local overheating or the formation of an anaerobic environment. After a fermentation cycle of 8 to 12 days, the various components undergo complex biochemical reactions under the action of microorganisms to form an organic nutrient soil rich in organic matter, with active microbial communities and stable structure. This stage not only achieves the degradation and transformation of organic matter, but also significantly improves the fertility and biological activity of the soil.

[0112] In summary, the preparation technology of this organic nutrient soil integrates multiple means of modification, chemical regulation and biological fermentation. By precisely controlling the proportion of each component and the preparation process parameters, it achieves a comprehensive improvement in soil quality and provides strong support for the healthy growth of crops.

[0113] In order to make the disclosure of the present invention more complete, it is described below through more specific embodiments.

[0114] Example 1

[0115] A planting method for effectively improving the survival rate of artificially planted trees in rocky desertification areas comprises the following steps:

[0116] (1) Choose a desertification area;

[0117] (2) Choose tree species suitable for planting in rocky desertification areas: teak;

[0118] (3) Choose an appropriate planting density: 1,200 teak seedlings per hectare;

[0119] (4) Choose the right time to plant: Plant in February after the rain when the soil is moist;

[0120] (5) Before planting, prepare bagged slow-release fertilizer;

[0121] (6) Artificial planting: Place the teak seedlings upright in the planting pit, fill the pit with crushed soil and tamp it down, then evenly place 4 bags of slow-release fertilizer (each bag weighing 250g) around the teak seedlings, making sure that the roots of the teak seedlings are in contact with the fertilizer bags, then cover with soil that is 2.8cm higher than the original root zone, and finally cover with plastic film;

[0122] (7) Post-planting management: Carry out water management and pest and disease control according to conventional methods.

[0123] The bagged slow-release fertilizer described in step (5) comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 17 parts of urea, 6 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 4.3 parts of diammonium phosphate, 5 parts of potassium chloride, 2 parts of potassium sulfate, 0.4 parts of magnesium nitrate, 0.3 parts of calcium nitrate, 0.3 parts of zinc chloride, 0.2 parts of sodium borate, 8 parts of tung wood, 0.2 parts of divalent porphyrin iron, 0.3 parts of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, 0.08 parts of ferrous sulfate, 3 parts of water retaining agent, 4 parts of organic nutrient soil, 0.6 parts of calcium carbonate, 1 part of bagasse pulp and paper, 0.8 parts of bagasse fiber non-woven fabric, 2 parts of molasses, and 1 part of amino acid.

[0124] The method for preparing the bagged slow-release fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0125] S1: uniformly heat-sealing bagasse pulp and bagasse fiber nonwoven fabric at a heat-sealing temperature of 298° C., and then uniformly spraying a layer of calcium carbonate on the surface of the bagasse fiber nonwoven fabric to obtain a bagging material;

[0126] S2: Add 0.2 parts of water to ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, stir until completely dissolved, adjust the pH value to 7.5, then add ferrous sulfate, stir at a speed of 200 r / min for 20 minutes to prepare slurry a;

[0127] S3: uniformly mixing urea, monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, magnesium nitrate, calcium nitrate, zinc chloride, sodium borate, tung oil, divalent porphyrin iron, water retaining agent, organic nutrient soil, molasses, and amino acid to obtain a mixture;

[0128] S4: mixing the mixture obtained in step S3 with slurry a, and granulating the mixture to obtain granular fertilizer;

[0129] S5: Wrap the granular fertilizer obtained in step S4 with the bagging material obtained in S1 to obtain bagged slow-release fertilizer.

[0130] The water retaining agent, in parts by weight, comprises the following steps: 12 parts of lysine, 7 parts of threonine, 8 parts of phenylalanine, 1.2 parts of fulvic acid, 2 parts of malic acid, 0.2 parts of cellulase preparation, 0.13 parts of protease preparation, 0.2 parts of xanthan gum, and 32 parts of water.

[0131] The preparation method of the water-retaining agent comprises the following steps:

[0132] (1) adding water, lysine, threonine, phenylalanine, fulvic acid and malic acid into a reaction kettle, and then stirring for 46 minutes at a microwave power of 200 W, a temperature of 70° C. and a rotation speed of 200 r / min to prepare a mixed acid composition;

[0133] (2) Cooling the mixed acid composition obtained in step (1) to room temperature, adding a cellulase preparation, a protease preparation, and xanthan gum, and then stirring at a rotation speed of 40 r / min for 30 minutes to obtain a water-retaining agent.

[0134] The organic nutrient soil comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 46 parts of corn stalk powder, 2 parts of triptolide, 32 parts of bentonite, 3 parts of itaconic acid, 0.2 parts of Bacillus pasteurianus, 0.1 parts of Bacillus subtilis preparation, 0.1 parts of yeast, 2.3 parts of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, and 1.6 parts of potassium carboxymethyl cellulose.

[0135] Step 1: Mix and modify bentonite and sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate;

[0136] Step 2, adding corn stalk powder, triptolide, itaconic acid, Bacillus pasteurianus, Bacillus subtilis preparation, yeast, and potassium carboxymethyl cellulose to the bentonite modified in step 1, stirring and mixing evenly to obtain a mixed soil material;

[0137] Step 3: The mixed soil material obtained in step 2 is subjected to mixed pile fermentation at a fermentation temperature of 40°C. During the fermentation, the mixed soil material is turned over every 3 days. After 9 days of fermentation, organic nutrient soil is obtained.

[0138] Example 2

[0139] A planting method for effectively improving the survival rate of artificially planted trees in rocky desertification areas comprises the following steps:

[0140] (1) Choose a desertification area;

[0141] (2) Choose tree species suitable for planting in rocky desertification areas: teak;

[0142] (3) Choose an appropriate planting density: 1,300 teak seedlings per hectare;

[0143] (4) Choose the right time to plant: Plant in March after rain when the soil is moist;

[0144] (5) Before planting, prepare bagged slow-release fertilizer;

[0145] (6) Artificial planting: Place the teak seedlings upright in the planting pit, fill the pit with crushed soil and tamp it down, then evenly place 4 bags of slow-release fertilizer (each bag weighing 250g) around the teak seedlings, making sure that the roots of the teak seedlings are in contact with the fertilizer bags, then cover with soil that is 3cm higher than the original root zone, and finally cover with plastic film;

[0146] (7) Post-planting management: Carry out water management and pest and disease control according to conventional methods.

[0147] The bagged slow-release fertilizer described in step (5) comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 18 parts of urea, 8 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 5 parts of diammonium phosphate, 6 parts of potassium chloride, 2.4 parts of potassium sulfate, 0.5 parts of magnesium nitrate, 0.4 parts of calcium nitrate, 0.4 parts of zinc chloride, 0.3 parts of sodium borate, 9 parts of tung wood, 0.3 parts of divalent porphyrin iron, 0.4 parts of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, 0.09 parts of ferrous sulfate, 3.5 parts of water retaining agent, 6 parts of organic nutrient soil, 0.8 parts of calcium carbonate, 1.3 parts of bagasse pulp and paper, 0.9 parts of bagasse fiber non-woven fabric, 3 parts of molasses, and 1.4 parts of amino acids.

[0148] The method for preparing the bagged slow-release fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0149] S1: uniformly heat-sealing bagasse pulp and bagasse fiber nonwoven fabric at a heat-sealing temperature of 305° C., and then uniformly spraying a layer of calcium carbonate on the surface of the bagasse fiber nonwoven fabric to obtain a bagging material;

[0150] S2: Add 0.3 parts of water to ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, stir until completely dissolved, adjust the pH value to 7.8, then add ferrous sulfate, stir at a speed of 200 r / min for 20 minutes to prepare slurry a;

[0151] S3: uniformly mixing urea, monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, magnesium nitrate, calcium nitrate, zinc chloride, sodium borate, tung oil, divalent porphyrin iron, water retaining agent, organic nutrient soil, molasses, and amino acid to obtain a mixture;

[0152] S4: mixing the mixture obtained in step S3 with slurry a, and granulating the mixture to obtain granular fertilizer;

[0153] S5: Wrap the granular fertilizer obtained in step S4 with the bagging material obtained in S1 to obtain bagged slow-release fertilizer.

[0154] The water retaining agent, in parts by weight, comprises the following steps: 13 parts of lysine, 7 parts of threonine, 10 parts of phenylalanine, 1.6 parts of fulvic acid, 2.7 parts of malic acid, 0.2 parts of cellulase preparation, 0.2 parts of protease preparation, 0.3 parts of xanthan gum, and 38 parts of water.

[0155] The preparation method of the water-retaining agent comprises the following steps:

[0156] (1) adding water, lysine, threonine, phenylalanine, fulvic acid and malic acid into a reaction kettle, and then stirring for 40 minutes at a microwave power of 250 W, a temperature of 73° C. and a rotation speed of 160 r / min to prepare a mixed acid composition;

[0157] (2) Cooling the mixed acid composition obtained in step (1) to room temperature, adding a cellulase preparation, a protease preparation, and xanthan gum, and then stirring at a rotation speed of 50 r / min for 28 minutes to obtain a water-retaining agent.

[0158] The organic nutrient soil comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of corn stalk powder, 2.2 parts of tripterygium wilfordii, 34 parts of bentonite, 3.3 parts of itaconic acid, 0.3 parts of Bacillus pasteurianus, 0.1 parts of Bacillus subtilis preparation, 0.1 parts of yeast, 2.7 parts of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, and 1.8 parts of potassium carboxymethyl cellulose.

[0159] Step 1: Mix and modify bentonite and sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate;

[0160] Step 2, adding corn stalk powder, triptolide, itaconic acid, Bacillus pasteurianus, Bacillus subtilis preparation, yeast, and potassium carboxymethyl cellulose to the bentonite modified in step 1, stirring and mixing evenly to obtain a mixed soil material;

[0161] Step 3: The mixed soil material obtained in step 2 is subjected to mixed pile fermentation at a fermentation temperature of 40°C. During the fermentation, the mixed soil material is turned over every 3 days. After 9 days of fermentation, organic nutrient soil is obtained.

[0162] Example 3

[0163] A planting method for effectively improving the survival rate of artificially planted trees in rocky desertification areas comprises the following steps:

[0164] (1) Choose a desertification area;

[0165] (2) Choose tree species suitable for planting in rocky desertification areas: teak;

[0166] (3) Choose an appropriate planting density: 1,300 teak seedlings per hectare;

[0167] (4) Choose the right time to plant: Plant in February after the rain when the soil is moist;

[0168] (5) Before planting, prepare bagged slow-release fertilizer;

[0169] (6) Artificial planting: Place the teak seedlings upright in the planting pit, fill the pit with crushed soil and tamp it down, then evenly place 4 bags of slow-release fertilizer (each bag weighs 250g) around the teak seedlings, making sure that the roots of the teak seedlings are in contact with the fertilizer bags, then cover with soil, which should be 3cm higher than the original root zone, and finally cover with plastic film;

[0170] (7) Post-planting management: Carry out water management and pest and disease control according to conventional methods.

[0171] The bagged slow-release fertilizer described in step (5) comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of urea, 8 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 7 parts of diammonium phosphate, 6 parts of potassium chloride, 3 parts of potassium sulfate, 0.5 parts of magnesium nitrate, 0.4 parts of calcium nitrate, 0.4 parts of zinc chloride, 0.3 parts of sodium borate, 12 parts of tung wood, 0.4 parts of divalent porphyrin iron, 0.5 parts of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, 0.12 parts of ferrous sulfate, 4 parts of water retaining agent, 7 parts of organic nutrient soil, 1 part of calcium carbonate, 1.6 parts of bagasse pulp and paper, 1.2 parts of bagasse fiber non-woven fabric, 4 parts of molasses, and 2 parts of amino acids.

[0172] The method for preparing the bagged slow-release fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0173] S1: uniformly heat-sealing bagasse pulp and bagasse fiber nonwoven fabric at a heat-sealing temperature of 296° C., and then uniformly spraying a layer of calcium carbonate on the surface of the bagasse fiber nonwoven fabric to obtain a bagging material;

[0174] S2: Add 0.3 parts of water to ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, stir until completely dissolved, adjust the pH value to 8.2, then add ferrous sulfate, stir at a speed of 300 r / min for 15 minutes to prepare slurry a;

[0175] S3: uniformly mixing urea, monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, magnesium nitrate, calcium nitrate, zinc chloride, sodium borate, tung oil, divalent porphyrin iron, water retaining agent, organic nutrient soil, molasses, and amino acid to obtain a mixture;

[0176] S4: mixing the mixture obtained in step S3 with slurry a, and granulating the mixture to obtain granular fertilizer;

[0177] S5: Wrap the granular fertilizer obtained in step S4 with the bagging material obtained in S1 to obtain bagged slow-release fertilizer.

[0178] The water retaining agent, in parts by weight, comprises the following steps: 16 parts of lysine, 8 parts of threonine, 12 parts of phenylalanine, 2 parts of fulvic acid, 4 parts of malic acid, 0.3 parts of cellulase preparation, 0.2 parts of protease preparation, 0.5 parts of xanthan gum, and 42 parts of water.

[0179] The preparation method of the water-retaining agent comprises the following steps:

[0180] (1) adding water, lysine, threonine, phenylalanine, fulvic acid and malic acid into a reaction kettle, and then stirring for 36 minutes at a microwave power of 300 W, a temperature of 73° C. and a rotation speed of 200 r / min to prepare a mixed acid composition;

[0181] (2) Cooling the mixed acid composition obtained in step (1) to room temperature, adding a cellulase preparation, a protease preparation, and xanthan gum, and then stirring at a rotation speed of 70 r / min for 4 minutes to obtain a water-retaining agent.

[0182] The organic nutrient soil comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 52 parts of corn stalk powder, 2.4 parts of tripterygium wilfordii, 37 parts of bentonite, 4 parts of itaconic acid, 0.5 parts of Bacillus pasteurianus, 0.2 parts of Bacillus subtilis preparation, 0.2 parts of yeast, 2.8 parts of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, and 2 parts of potassium carboxymethyl cellulose.

[0183] Step 1: Mix and modify bentonite and sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate;

[0184] Step 2, adding corn stalk powder, triptolide, itaconic acid, Bacillus pasteurianus, Bacillus subtilis preparation, yeast, and potassium carboxymethyl cellulose to the bentonite modified in step 1, stirring and mixing evenly to obtain a mixed soil material;

[0185] Step 3: The mixed soil material obtained in step 2 is subjected to mixed pile fermentation at a fermentation temperature of 40°C. During the fermentation, the mixed soil material is turned over every 2 days. After 11 days of fermentation, organic nutrient soil is obtained.

[0186] Example 4

[0187] A planting method for effectively improving the survival rate of artificially planted trees in rocky desertification areas comprises the following steps:

[0188] (1) Choose a desertification area;

[0189] (2) Choose tree species suitable for planting in rocky desertification areas: teak;

[0190] (3) Choose an appropriate planting density: 1,350 teak seedlings per hectare;

[0191] (4) Choose the right time to plant: Plant in February after the rain when the soil is moist;

[0192] (5) Before planting, prepare bagged slow-release fertilizer;

[0193] (6) Artificial planting: Place the teak seedlings upright in the planting pit, fill the pit with crushed soil and tamp it down, then evenly place 4 bags of slow-release fertilizer (each bag weighing 250g) around the teak seedlings, making sure that the roots of the teak seedlings are in contact with the fertilizer bags, then cover with soil that is 2.8cm higher than the original root zone, and finally cover with plastic film;

[0194] (7) Post-planting management: Carry out water management and pest and disease control according to conventional methods.

[0195] The bagged slow-release fertilizer described in step (5) comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 21 parts of urea, 8 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 7 parts of diammonium phosphate, 6 parts of potassium chloride, 3.2 parts of potassium sulfate, 0.5 parts of magnesium nitrate, 0.4 parts of calcium nitrate, 0.4 parts of zinc chloride, 0.3 parts of sodium borate, 12 parts of tung wood, 0.5 parts of divalent porphyrin iron, 0.5 parts of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, 0.12 parts of ferrous sulfate, 4.3 parts of water retaining agent, 7 parts of organic nutrient soil, 1.4 parts of calcium carbonate, 1.8 parts of bagasse pulp and paper, 1.2 parts of bagasse fiber non-woven fabric, 4.5 parts of molasses, and 2 parts of amino acids.

[0196] The method for preparing the bagged slow-release fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0197] S1: uniformly heat-sealing bagasse pulp and bagasse fiber nonwoven fabric at a heat-sealing temperature of 305° C., and then uniformly spraying a layer of calcium carbonate on the surface of the bagasse fiber nonwoven fabric to obtain a bagging material;

[0198] S2: Add 0.3 parts of water to ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, stir until completely dissolved, adjust the pH value to 8.2, then add ferrous sulfate, stir at a speed of 300 r / min for 15 minutes to prepare slurry a;

[0199] S3: uniformly mixing urea, monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, magnesium nitrate, calcium nitrate, zinc chloride, sodium borate, tung oil, divalent porphyrin iron, water retaining agent, organic nutrient soil, molasses, and amino acid to obtain a mixture;

[0200] S4: mixing the mixture obtained in step S3 with slurry a, and granulating the mixture to obtain granular fertilizer;

[0201] S5: Wrap the granular fertilizer obtained in step S4 with the bagging material obtained in S1 to obtain bagged slow-release fertilizer.

[0202] The water retaining agent, in parts by weight, comprises the following steps: 17 parts of lysine, 9 parts of threonine, 13 parts of phenylalanine, 2.9 parts of fulvic acid, 4 parts of malic acid, 0.3 parts of cellulase preparation, 0.2 parts of protease preparation, 0.5 parts of xanthan gum, and 46 parts of water.

[0203] The preparation method of the water-retaining agent comprises the following steps:

[0204] (1) adding water, lysine, threonine, phenylalanine, fulvic acid and malic acid into a reaction kettle, and then stirring for 46 minutes at a microwave power of 200 W, a temperature of 70° C. and a rotation speed of 100 r / min to prepare a mixed acid composition;

[0205] (2) Cooling the mixed acid composition obtained in step (1) to room temperature, adding a cellulase preparation, a protease preparation, and xanthan gum, and then stirring at a rotation speed of 40 r / min for 30 minutes to obtain a water-retaining agent.

[0206] The organic nutrient soil comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55 parts of corn stalk powder, 2.4 parts of tripterygium wilfordii, 43 parts of bentonite, 3.5 parts of itaconic acid, 0.4 parts of Bacillus pasteurianus, 0.2 parts of Bacillus subtilis preparation, 0.1 parts of yeast, 2.8 parts of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, and 2.3 parts of potassium carboxymethyl cellulose.

[0207] Step 1: Mix and modify bentonite and sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate;

[0208] Step 2, adding corn stalk powder, triptolide, itaconic acid, Bacillus pasteurianus, Bacillus subtilis preparation, yeast, and potassium carboxymethyl cellulose to the bentonite modified in step 1, stirring and mixing evenly to obtain a mixed soil material;

[0209] Step 3: The mixed soil material obtained in step 2 is subjected to mixed pile fermentation at a fermentation temperature of 41°C. During the fermentation, the mixed soil material is turned over every 2 days. After 10 days of fermentation, organic nutrient soil is obtained.

[0210] Example 5

[0211] A planting method for effectively improving the survival rate of artificially planted trees in rocky desertification areas comprises the following steps:

[0212] (1) Choose a desertification area;

[0213] (2) Choose tree species suitable for planting in rocky desertification areas: teak;

[0214] (3) Choose an appropriate planting density: 1,500 teak trees per hectare;

[0215] (4) Choose the right time to plant: Plant in March after rain when the soil is moist;

[0216] (5) Before planting, prepare bagged slow-release fertilizer;

[0217] (6) Artificial planting: Place the teak tree upright in the planting pit, fill the pit with crushed soil and tamp it down, then evenly place 4 bags of slow-release fertilizer (each bag weighs 300g) around the teak tree, making sure that the roots of the teak tree are in contact with the fertilizer bags, then cover with soil that is 3.4cm higher than the original root zone, and finally cover with plastic film;

[0218] (7) Post-planting management: Carry out water management and pest and disease control according to conventional methods.

[0219] The bagged slow-release fertilizer described in step (5) comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 24 parts of urea, 7 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 9 parts of diammonium phosphate, 7 parts of potassium chloride, 3 parts of potassium sulfate, 0.6 parts of magnesium nitrate, 0.5 parts of calcium nitrate, 0.4 parts of zinc chloride, 0.3 parts of sodium borate, 14 parts of tung wood, 0.6 parts of divalent porphyrin iron, 0.5 parts of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, 0.14 parts of ferrous sulfate, 4.2 parts of water retaining agent, 7 parts of organic nutrient soil, 1.5 parts of calcium carbonate, 1.9 parts of bagasse pulp and paper, 1.5 parts of bagasse fiber non-woven fabric, 5 parts of molasses, and 2 parts of amino acids.

[0220] The method for preparing the bagged slow-release fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0221] S1: uniformly heat-sealing bagasse pulp and bagasse fiber nonwoven fabric at a heat-sealing temperature of 310° C., and then uniformly spraying a layer of calcium carbonate on the surface of the bagasse fiber nonwoven fabric to obtain a bagging material;

[0222] S2: Add 0.4 parts of water to ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, stir until completely dissolved, adjust the pH value to 8.5, then add ferrous sulfate, stir at a speed of 300 r / min for 15 minutes to prepare slurry a;

[0223] S3: uniformly mixing urea, monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, magnesium nitrate, calcium nitrate, zinc chloride, sodium borate, tung oil, divalent porphyrin iron, water retaining agent, organic nutrient soil, molasses, and amino acid to obtain a mixture;

[0224] S4: mixing the mixture obtained in step S3 with slurry a, and granulating the mixture to obtain granular fertilizer;

[0225] S5: Wrap the granular fertilizer obtained in step S4 with the bagging material obtained in S1 to obtain bagged slow-release fertilizer.

[0226] The water retaining agent, in parts by weight, comprises the following steps: 18 parts of lysine, 11 parts of threonine, 14 parts of phenylalanine, 3.2 parts of fulvic acid, 5 parts of malic acid, 0.4 parts of cellulase preparation, 0.23 parts of protease preparation, 0.6 parts of xanthan gum, and 48 parts of water.

[0227] The preparation method of the water-retaining agent comprises the following steps:

[0228] (1) adding water, lysine, threonine, phenylalanine, fulvic acid and malic acid into a reaction kettle, and then stirring for 35 minutes at a microwave power of 300 W, a temperature of 70° C. and a rotation speed of 200 r / min to prepare a mixed acid composition;

[0229] (2) Cooling the mixed acid composition obtained in step (1) to room temperature, adding a cellulase preparation, a protease preparation, and xanthan gum, and then stirring at a rotation speed of 70 r / min for 22 minutes to obtain a water-retaining agent.

[0230] The organic nutrient soil comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 58 parts of corn stalk powder, 3 parts of triptolide, 45 parts of bentonite, 4.8 parts of itaconic acid, 0.5 parts of Bacillus pasteurianus, 0.2 parts of Bacillus subtilis preparation, 0.2 parts of yeast, 3.2 parts of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, and 2.7 parts of potassium carboxymethyl cellulose.

[0231] Step 1: Mix and modify bentonite and sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate;

[0232] Step 2, adding corn stalk powder, triptolide, itaconic acid, Bacillus pasteurianus, Bacillus subtilis preparation, yeast, and potassium carboxymethyl cellulose to the bentonite modified in step 1, stirring and mixing evenly to obtain a mixed soil material;

[0233] Step 3: The mixed soil material obtained in step 2 is subjected to mixed pile fermentation at a fermentation temperature of 45°C. During the fermentation, the mixed soil material is turned over every 2 days. After 8 days of fermentation, organic nutrient soil is obtained.

[0234] Comparative Example 1

[0235] The teak seedlings were planted using Example 3 of a method for raising and afforesting teak, a precious tree species in rocky desertification areas, with publication number CN104798658A.

[0236] Six districts were set up, each with an area of ​​1 mu. The planting methods of Examples 1-5 and Comparative Example 1 were adopted in the corresponding six districts. Then, the teak survival rate, the average annual tree height of teak and the average ground diameter of teak were checked in the year of afforestation. The statistical results are shown in the following table.

[0237]

[0238]

[0239] It can be seen from the above table that: (1) After in-depth practice and extensive application of the planting method of the present invention, the present invention has achieved unprecedented and gratifying results. In the year of afforestation, we not only witnessed the miracle of extremely high survival rate, reaching an astonishing 99.4% or more, but even in many carefully managed areas, this figure climbed to a perfect 100%, almost achieving life without exception. This achievement is not only an ode to the vitality of nature, but also a strong proof of the technical innovation and practicality of the present invention. As a precious tree species, the growth rate of teak is also remarkable. The average annual tree height easily crosses the threshold of 1.01 meters, showing vigorous vitality and rapid growth potential. What is even more exciting is that the average ground diameter of teak has also steadily reached more than 1.74 cm, indicating that these seedlings are steadily moving towards the road of thriving and growing into timber, injecting infinite hope and vitality into the future timber market.

[0240] (2) Compared with the traditional method (Comparative Example 1), the advantages of the planting method of the present invention are by no means trivial. Although the improvement of the survival rate in the early stage of afforestation seems to be subtle, it just reflects the stability and reliability brought by technical optimization and the embodiment of precise control of the planting environment. However, what is really remarkable is the leap-forward increase in the growth rate of teak - the average annual tree height has achieved a significant increase of 23.17%. Behind this data is the superposition of multiple positive effects such as the improvement of photosynthesis efficiency, the enhancement of nutrient absorption capacity and the more developed root system. At the same time, the 15.23% increase in the average ground diameter of teak directly reflects the significant improvement in the overall health of the trees, as well as the enhancement of the root system's stability and wind resistance and lodging resistance. All of this demonstrates the huge potential and significant progress of the technology of the present invention in promoting forest growth and improving wood quality. It is undoubtedly a transcendence of the existing technology (Comparative Example 1) and has opened up a new path for the sustainable development of forestry.

[0241] The above content cannot be used to determine that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For ordinary technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, they can make several simple deductions or substitutions without departing from the concept of the present invention, which should be regarded as belonging to the scope of patent protection of the present invention determined by the submitted claims.

Claims

1. A planting method for effectively improving the survival rate of artificially planted trees in rocky desertification areas, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Choose a desertification area; (2) Select tree species suitable for planting in rocky desertification areas; (3) Select appropriate planting density; (4) Choose the appropriate planting time; (5) Before planting, prepare bagged slow-release fertilizer; (6) Artificial planting: Place the tree seedlings upright in the planting pit, fill the pit with crushed soil and compact it, then place bags of slow-release fertilizer around the tree seedlings, ensuring that the roots of the tree seedlings are in contact with the fertilizer bags, then cover with soil, and finally cover with plastic film; (7) Post-planting management: including water management and pest and disease control.

2. The planting method for effectively improving the survival rate of artificially planted trees in rocky desertification areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tree species described in step (2) include one or more of teak, Dalbergia odorifera, Betel nut, Toona sinensis, Dogwood, Phaseolus vulgaris, Leucaena leucophylla, Chaenomeles sinensis, and Cypress.

3. The planting method for effectively improving the survival rate of artificially planted trees in rocky desertification areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The planting density in step (3) is 1200-1650 tree seedlings per hectare.

4. The planting method for effectively improving the survival rate of artificially planted trees in rocky desertification areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: Planting time in step (4): Plant in February or March when the soil is moist after rain.

5. The planting method for effectively improving the survival rate of artificially planted trees in rocky desertification areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bagged slow-release fertilizer described in step (5) comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 16-25 parts of urea, 6-11 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 4-9 parts of diammonium phosphate, 5-8 parts of potassium chloride, 2-4 parts of potassium sulfate, 0.4-0.7 parts of magnesium nitrate, 0.3-0.6 parts of calcium nitrate, 0.3-0.5 parts of zinc chloride, 0.2-0.4 parts of sodium borate, 8-15 parts of tung wood, 0.2-0.6 parts of divalent porphyrin iron, 0.3-0.6 parts of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, 0.08-0.15 parts of ferrous sulfate, 3-5 parts of water retaining agent, 4-8 parts of organic nutrient soil, 0.6-1.7 parts of calcium carbonate, 1-2 parts of bagasse pulp and paper, 0.7-1.5 parts of bagasse fiber non-woven fabric, 2-5 parts of molasses, and 1-3 parts of amino acids.

6. The planting method for effectively improving the survival rate of artificially planted trees in rocky desertification areas according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bagged slow-release fertilizer includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of urea, 8 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 7 parts of diammonium phosphate, 6 parts of potassium chloride, 3 parts of potassium sulfate, 0.5 parts of magnesium nitrate, 0.4 parts of calcium nitrate, 0.4 parts of zinc chloride, 0.3 parts of sodium borate, 12 parts of tung wood, 0.4 parts of divalent porphine iron, 0.5 parts of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, 0.12 parts of ferrous sulfate, 4 parts of water retaining agent, 7 parts of organic nutrient soil, 1 part of calcium carbonate, 1.6 parts of bagasse pulp and paper, 1.2 parts of bagasse fiber non-woven fabric, 4 parts of molasses, and 2 parts of amino acids.

7. The planting method for effectively improving the survival rate of artificially planted trees in rocky desertification areas according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The method for preparing the bagged slow-release fertilizer comprises the following steps: S1: uniformly heat-sealing bagasse pulp and bagasse fiber nonwoven fabric at a heat-sealing temperature of 295-312° C., and then uniformly spraying a layer of calcium carbonate on the surface of the bagasse fiber nonwoven fabric to obtain a bagging material; S2: Add 0.2-0.4 parts of water to ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, stir until completely dissolved, adjust the pH value to 7.4-8.6, then add ferrous sulfate, stir, and prepare slurry a; S3: uniformly mixing urea, monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, magnesium nitrate, calcium nitrate, zinc chloride, sodium borate, tung oil, divalent porphyrin iron, water retaining agent, organic nutrient soil, molasses, and amino acid to obtain a mixture; S4: mixing the mixture obtained in step S3 with slurry a, and granulating the mixture to obtain granular fertilizer; S5: Wrap the granular fertilizer obtained in step S4 with the bagging material obtained in S1 to obtain bagged slow-release fertilizer.

8. The planting method for effectively improving the survival rate of artificially planted trees in rocky desertification areas according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S2, ferrous sulfate is added, and the mixture is stirred at a rotation speed of 200-300 r / min for 15-20 min to prepare slurry a.

9. The planting method for effectively improving the survival rate of artificially planted trees in rocky desertification areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (6), 4 bags of slow-release fertilizer are evenly placed around the tree seedlings.

10. The planting method for effectively improving the survival rate of artificially planted trees in rocky desertification areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (6), the covering soil is 2.5-3.5 cm higher than the original root zone.

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