Press-fitting device and press-fitting method for door-type bush for hook body

Abstract

The invention relates to a door-type bush press-fitting device for a hook body and a using method, the door-type bush press-fitting device comprises a frame body, a hydraulic cylinder, a base plate and a guide pillar, the hydraulic cylinder is arranged at the top of the frame body, the base plate is arranged at the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder, the bottom of the guide pillar is connected to the lower portion of the frame body, and the guide pillar penetrates through the base plate. And a car coupler to be provided with a bush is in lap joint with the lower portion of the frame body, and the bush enters the interior of the car coupler through downward pressing of the base plate. The production efficiency is improved, and compared with manual press-fitting, the press-fitting time is saved by two thirds; compared with mechanical press-fitting, press-fitting time is saved by one third. One set of device can be used for press fitting of hook lug pin bushings and hook tail pin bushings of different hook bodies at the same time. Other bushings and pins within the height and width range of the frame body can be pressed by adjusting the number of the base plates.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of locomotive coupler bushing installation, and in particular to a door-type bushing press-fitting device and a press-fitting method for a hook body. Background Art

[0002] In order to improve the service life and safety factor of locomotive couplers, bushings are designed at the corresponding positions of the coupler tongue pin hole and the coupler tail pin hole. The bushings of two different models are installed as follows: Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the bushing and the hook casting are interference fit, and corresponding pressing means are required for pressing. There are two common ways to press the bushing: manual pressing and mechanical pressing. Among them, the manual pressing of the bushing, the operation process is as follows: 1. The hook body is placed horizontally, and the hook tail is padded with a wooden block, so that the hook tongue pin hole and the hook tail pin hole are perpendicular to the ground. 2. Apply a thin layer of white lead oil and engine oil mixture in the hole, and place the chamfered part of the lower end of the bushing into the pin hole to keep the bushing vertical. 3. Use a sledgehammer to hammer the bushing into the pin hole, and the two ends of the bushing must not exceed the plane of the casting. Manual pressing, that is, using a sledgehammer to hit, the bushing is easy to be knocked away, and the hook body is easy to tip over, which poses a safety hazard; it is also easy to cause the lower end of the bushing to collide with the casting, the upper end of the bushing to deform, the pressing failure, and the low efficiency. The mechanical pressing process is as follows: 1. Place the hook body on the special tooling of the press, so that the hook tongue pin hole and the hook tail pin hole are perpendicular to the table. 2. Apply a thin layer of white lead oil and engine oil mixture in the hole, and place the chamfered part of the lower end of the bushing into the pin hole, so that the bushing remains vertical and aligned with the pressure head. 3. Hammer the pressure head bushing into the pin hole, and the two ends of the bushing must not exceed the plane of the casting. Mechanical pressing requires a dedicated press, tooling that matches the press (different types of hooks need to make tooling separately), and the pressing station is not flexible. The lifting operation is cumbersome, and care must be taken to avoid collisions between the hook, tooling, and press. Summary of the invention

[0003] In response to the technical problems raised above, a gate-type bushing pressing device and pressing method for a hook body are provided. The present invention can effectively solve the problems of easy failure, low efficiency and danger of manual bushing pressing, and at the same time solve the problem that mechanical pressing requires special press equipment, multiple tooling and complex lifting operations.

[0004] The technical means adopted by the present invention are as follows:

[0005] A door-type bushing press-fitting device for a hook body comprises a frame body, a hydraulic cylinder, a pad and a guide column, wherein the hydraulic cylinder is arranged at the top of the frame body, a pad is arranged at the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder, the bottom of the guide column is connected to the lower part of the frame body, the guide column passes through the pad and is used to guide the pressing direction of the pad, the hook on which the bushing is to be installed is overlapped at the lower part of the frame body, and the bushing enters the interior of the hook through the downward pressing of the pad.

[0006] Furthermore, the frame body is a rectangular frame composed of two cross beams and two vertical poles, and the frame body is integrally forged, welded or riveted.

[0007] Furthermore, a lifting lug is provided on the top of the crossbeam on the frame.

[0008] Furthermore, the top of the hydraulic cylinder is detachably connected to the bottom of the crossbeam on the frame, and the corresponding hydraulic cylinder is selected according to the bushing press-fitting pressure.

[0009] Furthermore, the cross section of the guide column is rectangular, which can prevent the liner from rotating or flying out during press-fitting, and the bottom of the guide column is fixedly installed on the top of the lower crossbeam of the frame body.

[0010] Furthermore, the adjusting pad is made of different thicknesses according to the bushing height and the hydraulic cylinder stroke, or a plurality of adjusting pads are provided according to the required thickness, and a rectangular through hole is opened at one end of the adjusting pad.

[0011] Furthermore, chamfers are provided at both ends of the lining plate through hole, and chamfers are provided at the top end of the guide column, so as to facilitate the assembly of the two.

[0012] The present invention also discloses a press-fitting method of the above-mentioned door-type bushing press-fitting device for the hook body, comprising the following steps:

[0013] Step 1: Place the hook body horizontally, and place a wooden block on the hook tail, so that the hook tongue pin hole and the hook tail pin hole are basically vertical to the ground, and the bushing is placed in the pin hole without tipping over;

[0014] Step 2: Use a cantilever crane or manually lift the frame to the press-fitting area so that the lower crossbeam of the frame is directly below the hook ear pin hole or the hook tail pin hole;

[0015] Step 3: Place the adjustment pad according to the bushing height and hydraulic cylinder stroke. One end of the pad passes through the guide column and is stacked on the upper end of the bushing. The center of the pad should coincide with the center of the bushing as much as possible.

[0016] Step 4: Place the hydraulic cylinder so that one end of the hydraulic cylinder fits with the upper beam of the frame. When confirming that the lower beam of the frame, the pin hole, the bushing, the pad, the hydraulic cylinder, and the upper beam of the frame are basically in the same plane, start the hydraulic device, fit the hydraulic column with the upper pad, and start press fitting.

[0017] Step 5: After the bushing is completely inserted into the pin hole, make sure that both ends of the bushing do not exceed the plane of the casting, turn off the hydraulic device, remove the hydraulic cylinder, backing plate, and frame in turn to complete the press fitting.

[0018] Furthermore, before placing the adjustment pad in step 3, the following steps are also included:

[0019] Apply a thin layer of white lead oil and engine oil mixture to the hook ear pin hole or the hook tail pin hole, and place the chamfered part of the lower end of the bushing into the pin hole to keep the bushing vertical.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0021] 1. Reduce the difficulty of placing and hoisting the hook before pressing. When the device is operated with a cantilever crane, the hook does not need to be deliberately placed and equipped with tooling. After the lower beam of the frame falls into place, start the cantilever crane to hoist the hook level;

[0022] 2. Improve production efficiency. Compared with manual pressing, the pressing time is saved by two-thirds; compared with mechanical pressing, the pressing time is saved by one-third;

[0023] 3. Avoid dangerous sources. Compared with manual press-fitting, this device increases the contact area and stability of press-fitting, avoiding dangerous sources such as the bushing being knocked off and the hook body tipping over. The guide column can prevent the pad from scattering or flying out during press-fitting.

[0024] 4. This device has high adaptability and flexibility. It can be pressed at any position within the operating radius of the cantilever crane; one set of devices can be used for the press-fitting of the hook ear pin bushings and hook tail pin bushings of different hook bodies. The press-fitting of other bushings and pins within the height and width range of the frame can also be achieved by adjusting the number of pads.

[0025] 5. Reduce the investment in equipment and special tooling. Compared with mechanical pressing, it can avoid the investment in press equipment and tooling (different types of couplers require separate tooling) and simplify lifting operations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0027] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the bushing structure of the upper and lower hook ear holes of a certain type of coupler in the prior art.

[0028] Figure 2 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the structure of the upper and lower hook ear hole bushings and the hook tail pin bushing of a certain type of coupler in the prior art.

[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 The present invention is a schematic diagram of press-fitting a certain type of hook ear pin hole bushing using the present invention.

[0031] Figure 5 The present invention is a schematic diagram of press-fitting a certain type of hook tail pin hole bushing using the present invention.

[0032] In the figure: 1. frame; 2. hydraulic cylinder; 3. guide column; 4. adjustment pad; 5. lifting ear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0034] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0036] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of the parts and steps described in these embodiments, the numerical expressions and numerical values ​​do not limit the scope of the present invention. At the same time, it should be clear that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The technology, methods and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant field may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, methods and equipment should be regarded as part of the authorization specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar numbers and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention: the directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contours of each component itself.

[0038] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below their position devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0039] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. If not otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] like Figures 3 to 5 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a door-type bushing press-fitting device for a hook body, comprising a frame body 1, a hydraulic cylinder 2, a pad 4 and a guide column 3, wherein the hydraulic cylinder is arranged at the top of the frame body, a pad is arranged at the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder, the bottom of the guide column is connected to the lower part of the frame body, the guide column passes through the pad to guide the pressing direction of the pad, the hook to be installed with the bushing is overlapped at the lower part of the frame body, and the bushing enters into the hook through the downward pressing of the pad.

[0041] The frame body is a rectangular frame composed of two cross beams and two vertical poles, and the frame body is integrally forged, welded or riveted to ensure sufficient strength.

[0042] A lifting lug 5 is provided on the top of the cross beam on the frame. In this embodiment, the lifting lug is made of ordinary steel and is fixed to the frame by welding or riveting.

[0043] The top of the hydraulic cylinder is detachably connected to the bottom of the crossbeam on the frame, and a corresponding hydraulic cylinder is selected according to the bushing press-fitting pressure.

[0044] The cross section of the guide column is rectangular, which can prevent the liner from rotating or flying out during press installation, and the bottom of the guide column is fixedly installed on the top of the cross beam under the frame body.

[0045] The adjusting pad is made of different thicknesses according to the bushing height and the hydraulic cylinder stroke, or a plurality of adjusting pads are provided according to the required thickness, and a rectangular through hole is opened at one end of the adjusting pad.

[0046] Chamfers are provided at both ends of the lining plate through hole and at the top of the guide column, so as to facilitate the assembly of the two.

[0047] The present invention also discloses a press-fitting method of the above-mentioned door-type bushing press-fitting device for the hook body, comprising the following steps:

[0048] Step 1: Place the hook body horizontally, and place a wooden block on the hook tail, so that the hook tongue pin hole and the hook tail pin hole are basically vertical to the ground, and the bushing is placed in the pin hole without tipping over;

[0049] Step 2: Use a cantilever crane or manually lift the frame to the press-fitting area so that the lower crossbeam of the frame is directly below the hook ear pin hole or the hook tail pin hole;

[0050] Step 3: Place the adjustment pad according to the bushing height and hydraulic cylinder stroke. One end of the pad passes through the guide column and is stacked on the upper end of the bushing. The center of the pad should coincide with the center of the bushing as much as possible. When using it for the first time, you also need to confirm the number of pads.

[0051] Step 4: Place the hydraulic cylinder so that one end of the hydraulic cylinder fits with the upper beam of the frame. When confirming that the lower beam of the frame, the pin hole, the bushing, the pad, the hydraulic cylinder, and the upper beam of the frame are basically in the same plane, start the hydraulic device, fit the hydraulic column with the upper pad, and start press fitting.

[0052] Step 5: After the bushing is completely inserted into the pin hole, make sure that both ends of the bushing do not exceed the plane of the casting, turn off the hydraulic device, remove the hydraulic cylinder, backing plate, and frame in turn to complete the press fitting.

[0053] Before placing the adjustment pad in step 3, the following steps are also included:

[0054] Apply a thin layer of white lead oil and engine oil mixture to the hook ear pin hole or the hook tail pin hole, and place the chamfered part of the lower end of the bushing into the pin hole to keep the bushing vertical.

[0055] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A door-type bushing press-fitting device for a hook body, characterized in that: It includes a frame body, a hydraulic cylinder, a pad and a guide column. The hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the top of the frame body, and a pad is arranged on the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder. The bottom of the guide column is connected to the lower part of the frame body. The guide column passes through the pad to guide the downward direction of the pad. The coupler on which the bushing is to be installed is overlapped at the lower part of the frame body, and the bushing enters into the coupler through the downward pressure of the pad.

2. The door-type bushing press-fitting device for hook body according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame body is a rectangular frame composed of two cross beams and two vertical poles, and the frame body is integrally forged, welded or riveted.

3. The door-type bushing press-fitting device for hook body according to claim 1, characterized in that: A lifting lug is arranged on the top of the cross beam on the frame.

4. The door-type bushing press-fitting device for hook body according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the hydraulic cylinder is detachably connected to the bottom of the crossbeam on the frame, and a corresponding hydraulic cylinder is selected according to the bushing press-fitting pressure.

5. The door-type bushing press-fitting device for hook body according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross section of the guide column is rectangular, which can prevent the liner from rotating or flying out during press installation, and the bottom of the guide column is fixedly installed on the top of the cross beam under the frame body.

6. The door-type bushing press-fitting device for hook body according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting pad is made of different thicknesses according to the bushing height and the hydraulic cylinder stroke, or a plurality of adjusting pads are provided according to the required thickness, and a rectangular through hole is opened at one end of the adjusting pad.

7. The door-type bushing press-fitting device for hook body according to claim 1, characterized in that: Chamfers are provided at both ends of the lining plate through hole and at the top of the guide column, so as to facilitate the assembly of the two.

8. A method for using the door-type bushing press-fitting device for a hook body according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Place the hook body horizontally, and place a wooden block on the hook tail, so that the hook tongue pin hole and the hook tail pin hole are basically vertical to the ground, and the bushing is placed in the pin hole without tipping over; Step 2: Use a cantilever crane or manually lift the frame to the press-fitting area so that the lower crossbeam of the frame is directly below the hook ear pin hole or the hook tail pin hole; Step 3: Place the adjustment pad according to the bushing height and hydraulic cylinder stroke. One end of the pad passes through the guide column and is stacked on the upper end of the bushing. The center of the pad should coincide with the center of the bushing as much as possible. Step 4: Place the hydraulic cylinder so that one end of the hydraulic cylinder fits with the upper beam of the frame. When confirming that the lower beam of the frame, the pin hole, the bushing, the pad, the hydraulic cylinder, and the upper beam of the frame are basically in the same plane, start the hydraulic device, fit the hydraulic column with the upper pad, and start press fitting. Step 5: After the bushing is completely inserted into the pin hole, make sure that both ends of the bushing do not exceed the plane of the casting, turn off the hydraulic device, remove the hydraulic cylinder, backing plate, and frame in turn to complete the press fitting.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that Before placing the adjustment pad in step 3, the following steps are also included: Apply a thin layer of white lead oil and engine oil mixture to the hook ear pin hole or the hook tail pin hole, and place the chamfered part of the lower end of the bushing into the pin hole to keep the bushing vertical.

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