A simulation device for a fuel cell stack

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of fuel cells, and in particular to a simulation device for a fuel cell stack, comprising a stack simulator, a BOP system, a simulated membrane electrode water permeability generation module, a simulated hydrogen reaction consumption module, a simulated stack anode resistance drop module, a hydrogen recycling module, a simulated product water vapor generation generation module, a simulated air reaction consumption module, a simulated stack cathode resistance drop module, a simulated stack cooling resistance module and a simulated stack control module. The fuel cell simulation stack is used to simulate the entire process of material reaction, the stack simulator is used as a simulated reaction site for the fuel cell, and the feed system of the BOP system is used to feed reactant hydrogen and air as well as coolant into the stack simulator. The simulated stack of the present invention is more reliable for reliability and life testing of a BOP system and its components, and the reliability and life testing of the BOP system will not be unable to be continued due to damage to a real stack.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of fuel cells, and in particular to a simulation device for a fuel cell stack. Background Art

[0002] A fuel cell stack is a device where electrochemical reactions occur. It is a place where they occur. It is composed of multiple bipolar plates, electrodes, and multiple sealing rings stacked in series. Each single fuel cell consists of bipolar plates, sealing rings, and electrodes to form a hydrogen anode chamber and a cathode air chamber for the reaction, and the heat dissipation chamber of the bipolar plate takes away the waste heat generated by the reaction. Hydrogen and air enter the anode chamber and cathode chamber of each section through their respective common channels, where they come into contact with the membrane electrode to undergo an electrochemical reaction, generating water and electricity at the same time. The waste heat is taken out by the coolant, thus completing the electrochemical process of the fuel cell stack. The fuel cell power generation system is composed of a fuel cell stack and key components such as a hydrogen pressure reducing valve assembly, an air compressor system assembly, a humidifier assembly, a heat dissipation system assembly, a controller, and a valve assembly for material supply, heat dissipation, and product discharge. The system composed of these components outside the stack is the support system of the stack, collectively referred to as the BOP system, which supplies the reactants hydrogen and air to the stack, humidifies the gas, and discharges the reactant water and waste heat, so that the stack can continuously and stably output electricity to the outside. The fuel cell power generation system can be regarded as a power generation system with the fuel cell stack as the core and the BOP system as the auxiliary, and the two are interdependent. When debugging a newly developed BOP system or formulating a new control strategy, the stack is needed to cooperate with the entire power generation system to complete the debugging. However, the fuel cell stack is relatively fragile, especially the membrane electrode in the stack, which has poor pressure and temperature resistance. A new BOP system or a new unstable control method is very likely to cause damage to the stack or reduce its life. On the other hand, when testing the BOP system components and their overall life, the stack may have problems before the BOP system components have problems or the stack has expired, resulting in test interruption. At the same time, during life testing, especially the testing of high-power fuel cell power generation systems, the consumption of hydrogen is very large, making the test cost very high. This faces a problem. The cost of testing the BOP system of a high-power engine is too high, which is not economically cost-effective. If it is not tested, the reliability and life of the system components cannot be determined, affecting the quality of the product. Similarly, similar systems-testing platform equipment for stack testing also have quality problems such as life and reliability that are difficult to test.

[0003] In the prior art, in order to debug the BOP system and test platform equipment, including the control method, in addition to directly using the battery stack, a tank is generally made with a partition in the middle to divide the tank into a hydrogen chamber and an air chamber. This tank is used as a simulated battery stack to debug the BOP system. There is also a method of omitting the battery stack and short-circuiting, that is, the air intake path is connected to the air exhaust system, and similarly, the hydrogen path and the cooling system are short-circuited in the same way, and then debugged. The reliability and life of the BOP are generally estimated based on the products provided by the supplier.

[0004] The above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art are: 1) The use of a simple tank to simulate the battery stack and the short-circuit method cannot simulate the materials consumed, the water vapor generated, and the pressure fluctuations caused by the chemical reaction when the battery stack outputs electricity to the outside, and cannot simulate the waste heat generated by the reaction, which leads to inaccuracy in the control strategy; 2) Since there is no water generated, it is impossible to determine the corrosion, sealing and other problems caused by water vapor on the circulation components of the BOP system, especially the long-term effects; 3) Since no heat is generated, the temperature control of the cooling system of the BOP system cannot be simulated, and the reliability and life of the cooling system cannot be verified; 4) Due to the large amount of hydrogen consumption and for economic reasons, the reliability of high-power BOP systems is rarely tested using battery stacks, and most of them are estimated based on the characteristics of components, so the reliability, life, etc. of the BOP system are not measured data. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies existing in the debugging and testing process of fuel cell power generation systems and similar test platform system equipment, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell simulation stack to replace the fuel cell stack, and provide a simulation stack simulating the real reaction process for BOP systems or similar test platform equipment, components, etc., for verification purposes such as debugging, control strategy optimization, and life testing.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: a simulation device for a fuel cell stack, including a stack simulator, a BOP system, a simulated membrane electrode water permeability generation module, a simulated hydrogen reaction consumption module, a simulated stack anode resistance drop module, a hydrogen recycling module, a simulated product water vapor generation module, a simulated air reaction consumption module, a simulated stack cathode resistance drop module, a simulated stack cooling resistance module and a simulated stack control module. The fuel cell simulation stack is used to simulate the entire process of material reaction, and the stack simulator is used as a simulated reaction site for the fuel cell. The BOP system includes a feeding system and a discharging system. The feeding system of the BOP system is used to feed the reactants hydrogen and air and coolant into the stack simulator. The simulated stack control module is used to control in real time the three-cavity resistance drops of the simulated stack anode resistance drop module, the simulated stack cathode resistance drop module and the simulated stack cooling resistance module to be consistent with the three-cavity resistance drops of the actual stack. The discharging system of the BOP system is used to receive the hydrogen, air and coolant flowing out of the stack simulator, and simulate the The stack control module includes a power supply and a simulated stack controller; the simulated stack control module is used to calculate the amount of water vapor permeating the membrane electrode, the hydrogen reaction consumption, the reaction consumption of oxygen in the air, the generated water vapor, the amount of water vapor to be increased or decreased, and the heat generation of the stack according to the given power output demand; the simulated membrane electrode water permeation generation module is used to inject the amount of water vapor permeating the membrane electrode into the stack simulator; the simulated hydrogen reaction consumption module is used to discharge the hydrogen reaction consumption into the hydrogen recycling module; the hydrogen recycling module is used to purify hydrogen and inject the purified hydrogen into the BOP system; the simulated air reaction consumption module is used to convert the reaction consumption of oxygen in the air into air for discharge; the simulated product water vapor generation generation module is used to inject the generated water vapor into the stack simulator; the stack simulator is provided with a simulated stack heat generation heating device, the simulated stack heat generation heating device is used to emit heat consistent with the actual stack heat generation, and the coolant entering the stack simulator takes away the heat emitted by the stack simulator and enters the BOP system;

[0007] The stack simulator includes a simulated stack anode hydrogen reaction chamber, a simulated stack cathode air reaction chamber and a simulated stack cooling chamber separated by a plurality of partitions. A mixer assembly is installed in the simulated stack anode hydrogen reaction chamber, and the mixer assembly is used to mix water vapor and hydrogen injected into the simulated stack anode hydrogen reaction chamber.

[0008] The simulated stack anode hydrogen reaction chamber includes two sub-cavities surrounded by a simulated stack reaction membrane wall, a simulated anode diffusion layer partition and a simulated anode plate partition on one side of the stack simulator. The two sub-cavities are respectively a simulated stack anode water permeable distribution chamber and a simulated stack hydrogen chamber. A hydrogen water vapor nozzle is installed on the simulated anode diffusion layer partition. The hydrogen water vapor nozzle is used to inject water vapor in the simulated stack anode water permeable distribution chamber into the simulated stack hydrogen chamber. The simulated stack hydrogen chamber is provided with a simulated stack hydrogen inlet, a simulated stack hydrogen outlet and a hydrogen consumption port.

[0009] The mixer assembly includes a shuttle-shaped rotary spray tank arranged in a simulated fuel cell hydrogen cavity, a plurality of overflow holes evenly distributed on the surface of the rotary spray tank, a plurality of blades fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotary spray tank, a lower turntable fixedly connected to one end of the rotary spray tank and an upper turntable fixedly connected to the other end of the rotary spray tank. The lower turntable and the upper turntable are both rotatably connected to the simulated fuel cell hydrogen cavity. The lower turntable is connected to the simulated fuel cell hydrogen inlet and the rotary spray tank. The simulated fuel cell hydrogen inlet is used to inject hydrogen into the rotary spray tank. The overflow hole is used to discharge the hydrogen in the rotary spray tank. The hydrogen water vapor nozzle is used to spray water vapor onto the blades and drive the rotary spray tank to rotate.

[0010] Preferably, an anode water vapor interface is installed on the simulated fuel cell anode water permeable distribution cavity, and the anode water vapor interface is used to inject water vapor into the simulated fuel cell anode water permeable distribution cavity. The simulated fuel cell hydrogen inlet is connected to the feed system of the BOP system and is used to inject hydrogen into the simulated fuel cell hydrogen cavity. The simulated fuel cell hydrogen outlet and hydrogen consumption port are both connected to the discharge system of the BOP system and are used to discharge hydrogen and water vapor in the simulated fuel cell hydrogen cavity.

[0011] Preferably, the simulated fuel cell cathode air reaction chamber includes two sub-cavities surrounded by a simulated fuel cell reaction membrane wall, a simulated cathode diffusion layer partition and a simulated cathode plate partition on the other side of the fuel cell simulator, the two sub-cavities being a simulated fuel cell cathode water generation distribution chamber and a simulated fuel cell air chamber respectively, a cathode water vapor interface is installed on the simulated fuel cell cathode water generation distribution chamber, the cathode water vapor interface is used to inject water vapor into the simulated fuel cell cathode water generation distribution chamber, an air water vapor nozzle is installed on the simulated cathode diffusion layer partition, the air water vapor nozzle is used to inject water vapor in the simulated fuel cell cathode water generation distribution chamber into the simulated fuel cell air chamber, a simulated fuel cell air inlet, a simulated fuel cell air outlet and an air consumption port are provided on the simulated fuel cell air chamber, the simulated fuel cell air inlet is connected to the feed system of the BOP system, and is used to inject air into the simulated fuel cell air chamber, the simulated fuel cell air outlet and the air consumption port are both connected to the discharge system of the BOP system, and are used to discharge air and water vapor in the simulated fuel cell air chamber.

[0012] Preferably, the simulated fuel cell cooling chamber includes a cavity surrounded by a simulated anode plate partition and a simulated cathode plate partition, and a simulated fuel cell cooling inlet and a simulated fuel cell cooling outlet are provided on the simulated fuel cell cooling chamber, the simulated fuel cell cooling inlet is connected to the feed system of the BOP system, and is used to inject coolant into the simulated fuel cell cooling chamber, the simulated fuel cell cooling outlet is connected to the discharge system of the BOP system, and is used to discharge the coolant in the simulated fuel cell cooling chamber, and the simulated fuel cell heat generating heating device is attached to the simulated anode plate partition and the simulated cathode plate partition; the simulated fuel cell cooling resistance module includes a cooling inlet pressure sensor installed on the feed system of the BOP system, a cooling outlet pressure sensor installed on the feed and discharge system of the BOP system, and a cooling back pressure assembly, the cooling inlet pressure sensor is used to detect the coolant pressure flowing through the simulated fuel cell cooling inlet, the cooling outlet pressure sensor is used to detect the coolant pressure flowing through the simulated fuel cell cooling outlet, and the cooling back pressure assembly is used to adjust the coolant back pressure to be consistent with the actual fuel cell cooling resistance drop.

[0013] Preferably, the simulated membrane electrode water permeability generating module includes a No. 1 steam generator and a simulated anode water vapor content flow control component, wherein the No. 1 steam generator is used to generate water vapor, and the simulated anode water vapor content flow control component is used to inject water vapor consistent with the amount of water vapor permeating the membrane electrode of the actual fuel cell into the anode water vapor interface; the simulated product water vapor generation generating module includes a No. 2 steam generator and a simulated cathode water vapor generation flow control component, wherein the No. 2 steam generator is used to generate water vapor, and the simulated cathode water vapor generation flow control component is used to inject water vapor consistent with the amount of water vapor generated by the actual fuel cell and the amount of water vapor to be increased or decreased into the cathode water vapor interface.

[0014] Preferably, the simulated hydrogen reaction consumption module includes a simulated anode hydrogen reaction flow control component installed on the discharge system of the BOP system, and the simulated anode hydrogen reaction flow control component is used to control the simulated fuel cell hydrogen chamber to discharge hydrogen and water vapor consistent with the actual fuel cell hydrogen reaction consumption; the simulated fuel cell anode resistance drop module includes a hydrogen inlet pressure sensor installed on the feed system of the BOP system, a hydrogen outlet pressure sensor installed on the discharge system of the BOP system, and a hydrogen back pressure component, the hydrogen inlet pressure sensor is used to detect the hydrogen pressure flowing through the simulated fuel cell hydrogen inlet, the hydrogen outlet pressure sensor is used to detect the hydrogen pressure flowing through the simulated fuel cell hydrogen outlet, and the hydrogen back pressure component is used to adjust the hydrogen back pressure to be consistent with the actual fuel cell anode resistance drop; the hydrogen recycling module includes a purification device and a pressurizing device installed on the discharge system of the BOP system, the purification The purifying device is used for purifying the hydrogen discharged from the hydrogen cavity of the simulated fuel cell, and the boosting device is used for boosting the purified hydrogen; the simulated air reaction consumption module includes a simulated air oxygen reaction flow control component installed on the discharge system of the BOP system, and the simulated air oxygen reaction flow control component is used to control the simulated fuel cell air cavity to discharge air consistent with the reaction consumption of oxygen in the air of the actual fuel cell; the simulated fuel cell cathode resistance drop module includes an air inlet pressure sensor installed on the feed system of the BOP system, an air outlet pressure sensor installed on the discharge system of the BOP system, and an air back pressure component, the air inlet pressure sensor is used to detect the air pressure flowing through the air inlet of the simulated fuel cell, the air outlet pressure sensor is used to detect the air pressure flowing through the air outlet of the simulated fuel cell, and the air back pressure component is used to adjust the air back pressure to be consistent with the actual fuel cell cathode resistance drop.

[0015] Preferably, a plurality of paddles are fixedly connected to the rotary spray tank, and the paddles are used to disturb the water vapor accumulated in the hydrogen cavity of the simulated fuel cell stack.

[0016] Preferably, an auxiliary rotating assembly is installed on the simulated fuel cell anode hydrogen reaction chamber, and the auxiliary rotating assembly is used to drive the rotary spray tank to rotate. The auxiliary rotating assembly includes a speed sensor and a rotating motor installed on the simulated fuel cell anode hydrogen reaction chamber, and a driving gear fixedly connected to the output end of the rotating motor. An outer gear ring is fixedly installed on the lower turntable, and a magnetic sensing sheet is installed on the outer gear ring. The speed sensor is used to detect the rotation pulse signal of the magnetic sensing sheet and send it to the control unit of the rotating motor. The driving gear is meshingly connected with the outer gear ring, and the rotating motor is used to drive the driving gear to rotate.

[0017] Preferably, a bevel gear disk is fixedly connected to the outer gear ring, and an inflation assembly is installed on the simulated fuel cell anode hydrogen reaction chamber, the inflation assembly includes a rotating rod movably connected to the simulated fuel cell anode hydrogen reaction chamber, a bevel gear fixedly connected to one end of the rotating rod, a movable disk fixedly connected to the other end of the rotating rod, a push-pull frame movably connected to the eccentric side of the movable disk, and a piston head movably connected to the push-pull frame, the bevel gear is meshingly connected to the bevel gear disk, the bevel gear disk is used to drive the bevel gear to rotate, an auxiliary exhaust assembly is installed in the rotary spray tank, the movable disk is used to drive the piston head to reciprocate in the auxiliary exhaust assembly; the auxiliary exhaust assembly includes a piston cylinder arranged in the rotary spray tank, an air pipe fixedly connected to the piston cylinder and an air bag fixedly connected to the air pipe, the piston head reciprocates axially in the piston cylinder, when the piston head moves upward, the air bag inflates and expands and empties the hydrogen accumulated on the top of the rotary spray tank; when the piston head moves downward, the air bag deflates and shrinks and fits tightly against the top of the rotary spray tank.

[0018] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0019] 1. This technical solution can completely simulate the entire reaction process of the fuel cell stack, test and debug the fuel cell BOP system instead of the fuel cell stack, verify whether the control method of the BOP system is effective, and prevent damage to the fuel cell stack;

[0020] 2. This technical solution uses a battery stack simulator to verify whether the design of the BOP system is reasonable and whether its support for the performance and life of the battery stack is optimal;

[0021] 3. The simulated fuel cell stack of this technical solution is more reliable for reliability and life testing of BOP systems and their components than real fuel cells because it does not involve actual electrochemical reactions. The reliability and life testing of the BOP system will not be unable to continue due to damage to the real fuel cell stack.

[0022] 4 This technical solution simulates the real materials and products of the battery stack to more accurately measure the impact of the control, sealing, corrosion and other aspects of the BOP system components;

[0023] 5. The simulated fuel stack of this technical solution can realize fuel recycling, making the economic efficiency better when verifying the life of the BOP system;

[0024] 6. A spindle-shaped hollow structure spin-spray tank is arranged at the hydrogen inlet, and the spindle-shaped part is densely covered with openings. The spin-spray tank is rotated by the impact and friction of the water vapor injection, so that the hydrogen in the spin-spray tank is rotated and ejected. The centrifugal force accelerates the multi-directional flow of hydrogen. At the same time, the hydrogen ejected in multiple directions can also be further fully mixed with the water vapor, so that the amount of hydrogen and water vapor passing through the purification device per unit time is stable. The purification device is designed accordingly according to the stable water vapor ratio in the mixed gas, which ensures that the water vapor in the mixed gas is effectively removed per unit time, without excessive setting and consumption of impurity removal materials in the purification device, thereby improving the economic benefits of the purification device;

[0025] 7. Through the design of the rotary spray tank, hydrogen and water vapor are fully mixed, and the amount of hydrogen passing through the purification device per unit time can be kept stable. After purification, a stable amount of hydrogen can be added to the BOP system in time, which is conducive to the stable recycling of hydrogen and will not cause large fluctuations in the hydrogen circulation volume per unit time;

[0026] 8. A paddle is set at the bottom of the rotary spray tank. When the rotary spray tank rotates, the paddle can disturb the water vapor deposited below the hydrogen cavity of the simulated fuel cell stack to float upward, further enhancing the full mixing and discharge of water vapor and hydrogen;

[0027] 9. Through the auxiliary rotation component, when the system detects that the rotation speed of the rotary spray tank is lower than a certain threshold, it can actively control the rotary spray tank to rotate to a preset speed to avoid the situation where the rotary spray tank rotation speed is insufficient and the water vapor and hydrogen are not fully mixed due to insufficient impact force of the water vapor injection or friction resistance of the rotary spray tank;

[0028] 10. The airbag set on the top of the rotary spray tank can generate a driving force for inflating and deflating the airbag by utilizing the rotation of the rotary spray tank. During the inflation and deflation process, the airbag can push the hydrogen accumulated on the top of the rotary spray tank to be discharged outwards, and the inflated airbag can fill the depression on the top of the rotary spray tank, thus preventing hydrogen from accumulating there and being unable to be discharged when the equipment is not in use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 Shown is a schematic diagram of the front cross-section structure of a fuel cell stack simulator, a simulation device for a fuel cell stack of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 Shown is a schematic diagram of the side cross-sectional structure of a fuel cell stack simulator, a simulation device for a fuel cell stack of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 The flowchart of the method for operating the simulation device of the fuel cell stack of the present invention is shown;

[0032] Figure 4Shown is a schematic diagram of the principle of simulating a fuel cell stack by a simulation device of the fuel cell stack of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 Shown is a schematic diagram of the external structure of a fuel cell stack simulator, a simulation device for a fuel cell stack of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 Shown is a front view schematic diagram of a mixer assembly of a simulation device of a fuel cell stack of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 Shown is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a mixer assembly of a simulation device for a fuel cell stack of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 Shown is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inflation assembly of the simulation device of the fuel cell stack of the present invention.

[0037] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1. Stack simulator; 2. Simulated anode hydrogen reaction flow control component; 3. Purification device; 4. Pressurization device; 501. Steam generator No. 1; 502. Steam generator No. 2; 6. Simulated anode water vapor content flow control component; 7. Simulated cathode water vapor generation flow control component; 8. Simulated oxygen reaction flow control component in the air; 9. Hydrogen inlet pressure sensor; 10. Hydrogen outlet pressure sensor; 11. Hydrogen back pressure component; 12. Cooling inlet pressure sensor; 13. Cooling outlet pressure sensor; 14. Cooling back pressure assembly; 15. Air inlet pressure sensor; 16. Air outlet pressure sensor; 17. Air back pressure assembly; 18. Power supply; 19. Simulated stack controller; 50. BOP system; 101. Simulated stack anode hydrogen reaction chamber; 102. Simulated stack cathode air reaction chamber; 103. Simulated stack cooling chamber; 104. Simulated stack anode water permeable distribution chamber; 105. Simulated stack cathode generated water distribution chamber; 106. Hydrogen water vapor nozzle; 107. Anode water vapor interface; 108. Simulated stack hydrogen inlet; 109. Hydrogen Gas consumption port; 110, simulated fuel cell hydrogen outlet; 111, air water vapor nozzle; 112, cathode water vapor interface; 113, simulated fuel cell air inlet; 114, air consumption port; 115, simulated fuel cell air outlet; 116, simulated fuel cell heat generation heating device; 117, simulated fuel cell cooling inlet; 118, simulated fuel cell cooling outlet; 119, power supply port; 120, simulated fuel cell reaction membrane wall; 121, simulated anode diffusion layer partition; 122, simulated anode plate partition; 123, simulated cathode plate partition; 124, simulated cathode diffusion Layer partition; 125, simulated fuel cell hydrogen cavity; 126, simulated fuel cell air cavity; 201, rotary spray tank; 202, overflow hole; 203, blade; 204, lower turntable; 205, upper turntable; 206, paddle; 301, speed sensor; 302, magnetic sensor; 303, rotating motor; 304, driving gear; 305, outer gear ring; 401, bevel gear disc; 402, bevel gear; 403, rotating rod; 404, movable disc; 405, push-pull frame; 406, piston head; 407, piston cylinder; 408, air pipe; 409, airbag. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0039] See also Figure 1-Figure 8The present invention provides an embodiment: a simulation device for a fuel cell stack, comprising a stack simulator 1, a BOP system 50, a simulated membrane electrode water permeability generation module, a simulated hydrogen reaction consumption module, a simulated stack anode resistance drop module, a hydrogen recycling module, a simulated product water vapor generation module, a simulated air reaction consumption module, a simulated stack cathode resistance drop module, a simulated stack cooling resistance module and a simulated stack control module. The fuel cell simulation stack is used to simulate the entire process of material reaction. The stack simulator 1 is used as a simulated reaction site for the fuel cell. The BOP system 50 includes a feed system and a discharge system. The feed system of the BOP system 50 is used to The reactants hydrogen and air as well as the coolant are fed into the fuel cell simulator 1, and the simulated fuel cell control module is used to control the three-chamber resistance drops of the simulated fuel cell anode resistance drop module, the simulated fuel cell cathode resistance drop module and the simulated fuel cell cooling resistance module in real time to be consistent with the three-chamber resistance drops of the actual fuel cell, and the discharge system of the BOP system 50 is used to receive the hydrogen, air and coolant flowing out of the fuel cell simulator 1, and the simulated fuel cell control module includes a power supply 18 and a simulated fuel cell controller 19; the simulated fuel cell control module is used to calculate the amount of water vapor passing through the membrane electrode, the hydrogen reaction consumption, the reaction consumption of oxygen in the air, the amount of water vapor generated and the amount of water vapor to be increased or decreased, and the heat generation of the fuel cell according to the given power output demand. The simulated membrane electrode water permeation generation module is used to inject the water vapor that permeates the membrane electrode into the stack simulator 1. The simulated hydrogen reaction consumption module is used to discharge the hydrogen reaction consumption into the hydrogen recycling module. The hydrogen recycling module is used to purify the hydrogen and inject the purified hydrogen into the BOP system 50. The simulated air reaction consumption module is used to convert the reaction consumption of oxygen in the air into air for discharge. The simulated product water vapor generation generation module is used to inject the generated water vapor into the stack simulator 1. The stack simulator 1 is provided with a simulated stack heat generation heating device 116. The simulated stack heat generation heating device 116 (including a heater, a temperature sensor and other equipment) is used to emit The heat generated by the actual fuel cell stack is consistent with the heat generated by the actual fuel cell stack. The coolant entering the fuel cell stack simulator 1 takes away the heat generated by the fuel cell stack simulator 1 and enters the BOP system 50. The fuel cell simulation fuel cell stack simulates the entire process of the material reaction: the feed system of the BOP system 50 sends the reactants hydrogen and air as well as the coolant into the fuel cell stack simulator 1. According to the previously known resistance drops of the three chambers of hydrogen, air and cooling of the actual fuel cell stack, the simulation fuel cell stack control module controls the real-time three-chamber resistance drops to be the same as the actual fuel cell stack through the simulation fuel cell stack anode resistance drop module, the simulation fuel cell stack cathode resistance drop module and the simulation fuel cell stack cooling resistance module. Then, the hydrogen, air and coolant flow out of the fuel cell stack simulator 1 and enter the discharge system of the BOP system 50.Then, according to the given power output demand, the simulation stack control module calculates the amount of water vapor permeating the membrane electrode, injects the water vapor into the stack simulator 1 through the simulation membrane electrode water permeability generation module, calculates the hydrogen reaction consumption, discharges the hydrogen reaction consumption through the simulation hydrogen reaction consumption module, and the discharged hydrogen enters the hydrogen recycling module, and then enters the BOP system 50 or other similar systems to be tested to achieve hydrogen recycling; similarly, the simulation stack control module calculates the reaction consumption of oxygen in the air, converts the reaction consumption of oxygen in the air into air volume through the simulation oxygen reaction consumption module and discharges it, and at the same time calculates the generated water vapor and the amount of water vapor that needs to be increased or decreased, and then injects the generated water vapor into the stack simulator 1 through the simulation product water vapor generation generation module. At the same time, the stack simulator 1 emits heat according to the heat generation of the stack calculated by the simulation stack control module, which is taken away by the coolant entering the stack simulator 1 and enters the cooling circuit of the BOP system 50;

[0040] The stack simulator 1 includes a simulated stack anode hydrogen reaction chamber 101, a simulated stack cathode air reaction chamber 102 and a simulated stack cooling chamber 103 separated by a plurality of partitions. A mixer assembly is installed in the simulated stack anode hydrogen reaction chamber 101. The mixer assembly is used to mix water vapor and hydrogen injected into the simulated stack anode hydrogen reaction chamber 101. The fuel cell stack is a power generation device formed by connecting a plurality of single cells in series, and the stack simulator 1 is a device in which a plurality of hydrogen chambers, air chambers and cooling chambers are respectively merged into a respective large chamber, which is equivalent to integrating the various chambers together to form a large single cell, that is, a device in which a simulated reaction place including a simulated stack anode hydrogen reaction chamber 101, a simulated stack cathode air reaction chamber 102 and a simulated stack cooling chamber 103 is separated by a plurality of partitions. In the simulated stack anode hydrogen reaction chamber 101 of the device, a simulated membrane electrode water permeability generating module outputs water vapor, and drives the mixer assembly to rotate by means of the impact force of the water vapor injection, forcing the water vapor and hydrogen flowing through the mixer assembly to be fully mixed;

[0041] The simulated stack anode hydrogen reaction chamber 101 includes two sub-cavities surrounded by a simulated stack reaction membrane wall 120, a simulated anode diffusion layer partition 121 and a simulated anode plate partition 122 on one side of the stack simulator 1. The two sub-cavities are respectively a simulated stack anode water permeable distribution chamber 104 and a simulated stack hydrogen chamber 125. A hydrogen water vapor nozzle 106 is installed on the simulated anode diffusion layer partition 121. The hydrogen water vapor nozzle 106 is used to inject water vapor in the simulated stack anode water permeable distribution chamber 104 into the simulated stack hydrogen chamber 125. The simulated stack hydrogen chamber 125 is provided with a simulated stack hydrogen inlet 108, a simulated stack hydrogen outlet 110 and a hydrogen consumption port 109.

[0042] The mixer assembly includes a shuttle-shaped rotary spray tank 201 arranged in a simulated fuel cell hydrogen cavity 125, a plurality of overflow holes 202 evenly distributed on the surface of the rotary spray tank 201, a plurality of blades 203 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotary spray tank 201, a lower turntable 204 fixedly connected to one end of the rotary spray tank 201, and an upper turntable 205 fixedly connected to the other end of the rotary spray tank 201. The lower turntable 204 and the upper turntable 205 are both rotatably connected to the simulated fuel cell hydrogen cavity 125. The lower turntable 204 is connected to the simulated fuel cell hydrogen inlet 108 and the rotary spray tank 201. The simulated fuel cell hydrogen inlet 108 is used to inject hydrogen into the rotary spray tank 201. The overflow hole 202 is used to discharge the hydrogen in the rotary spray tank 201. The hydrogen water vapor nozzle 106 is used to spray water vapor to the blades 203 and drive the rotary spray tank 201 to rotate.

[0043] See also Figure 1-Figure 5 In this embodiment, an anode water vapor interface 107 is installed on the simulated stack anode water permeable distribution cavity 104, and the anode water vapor interface 107 is used to inject water vapor into the simulated stack anode water permeable distribution cavity 104. The simulated stack hydrogen inlet 108 is connected to the feed system of the BOP system 50, and is used to inject hydrogen into the simulated stack hydrogen cavity 125. The simulated stack hydrogen outlet 110 and the hydrogen consumption port 109 are both connected to the discharge system of the BOP system 50, and are used to discharge the hydrogen and water vapor in the simulated stack hydrogen cavity 125. The simulated stack reaction membrane wall 120 here is equivalent to the proton exchange membrane coated with a catalyst on the actual stack, that is, CCM, and the simulated The anode diffusion layer separator 121 is equivalent to a diffusion layer composed of carbon paper. They and the cavity they enclose: the simulated stack anode water permeable distribution cavity 104 can be regarded as the membrane electrode on the anode side, and the cavity enclosed by the simulated anode diffusion layer separator 121 and the simulated anode plate separator 122: the simulated stack hydrogen cavity 125 can be regarded as a hydrogen flow space composed of the anode membrane electrode and the anode of the bipolar plate. The water generated by the reaction is equivalent to passing through the membrane from the anode into the anode diffusion layer, and then entering the hydrogen flow space from the diffusion layer, mixing with hydrogen, and then simulated consumption to complete the simulation of this process. The simulated stack anode hydrogen reaction cavity 101 is made according to the total volume of the stack anode to be simulated.

[0044] See also Figure 1-Figure 5In this embodiment, the simulated stack cathode air reaction chamber 102 includes two sub-cavities surrounded by a simulated stack reaction membrane wall 120, a simulated cathode diffusion layer partition 124 and a simulated cathode plate partition 123 on the other side of the stack simulator 1. The two sub-cavities are respectively a simulated stack cathode generated water distribution chamber 105 and a simulated stack air chamber 126. A cathode water vapor interface 112 is installed on the simulated stack cathode generated water distribution chamber 105. The cathode water vapor interface 112 is used to inject water vapor into the simulated stack cathode generated water distribution chamber 105. An air water vapor nozzle 111 is installed on the simulated cathode diffusion layer partition 124. The air water vapor nozzle 111 is used to inject water vapor in the simulated stack cathode generated water distribution chamber 105 into the simulated stack air chamber 126. The simulated stack air chamber 126 is provided with a simulated stack air inlet 113 and a simulated stack air inlet 114. The air outlet 115 and the air consumption port 114, the simulated fuel cell air inlet 113 are connected to the feeding system of the BOP system 50, and are used to inject air into the simulated fuel cell air cavity 126. The simulated fuel cell air outlet 115 and the air consumption port 114 are both connected to the discharging system of the BOP system 50, and are used to discharge the air and water vapor in the simulated fuel cell air cavity 126. The simulated fuel cell cathode air reaction chamber 102 is a place for simulating air circulation reaction. Except that water is the product of the cathode (not from membrane permeability), the rest is consistent with the principle of the simulated fuel cell anode hydrogen reaction chamber 101. The water generated by the reaction is equivalent to the water generated in the cathode diffusion layer, and then enters the air circulation space from the diffusion layer, mixes with the air, and then simulates the consumption to complete the simulation of this process. The simulated fuel cell cathode air reaction chamber 102 is made according to the total volume of the fuel cell cathode to be simulated.

[0045] See also Figure 1-Figure 5In this embodiment, the simulated stack cooling chamber 103 includes a cavity surrounded by a simulated anode plate partition 122 and a simulated cathode plate partition 123. The simulated stack cooling chamber 103 is provided with a simulated stack cooling inlet 117 and a simulated stack cooling outlet 118. The simulated stack cooling inlet 117 is connected to the feeding system of the BOP system 50 and is used to inject coolant into the simulated stack cooling chamber 103. The simulated stack cooling outlet 118 is connected to the discharging system of the BOP system 50 and is used to discharge the coolant in the simulated stack cooling chamber 103. The simulated stack heat generating heating device 116 is attached to the simulated anode plate partition 122 and the simulated cathode plate partition 123; the simulated stack cooling resistance module includes a cooling inlet pressure sensor 12 installed on the feeding system of the BOP system 50, a cooling outlet pressure sensor 13 installed on the feeding and discharging system of the BOP system 50, and a cooling back pressure assembly 14. The cooling inlet pressure sensor The sensor 12 is used to detect the coolant pressure flowing through the simulated battery stack cooling inlet 117, the cooling outlet pressure sensor 13 is used to detect the coolant pressure flowing through the simulated battery stack cooling outlet 118, the cooling back pressure assembly 14 is used to adjust the coolant back pressure to be consistent with the actual battery stack cooling resistance drop, the simulated battery stack cooling cavity 103 is a place for the simulated battery stack coolant to circulate and dissipate heat, the simulated anode plate partition 122 and the simulated cathode plate partition 123 and the cavity surrounded by them can be regarded as a simulated bipolar plate with a cooling cavity, the heat generated by the actual battery stack is replaced by heating with the simulated battery stack heat generating heating device 116 attached to the simulated bipolar plate, the heat is transferred to the simulated battery stack cooling cavity 103 by the bipolar plate, and the heat generation simulation is completed. According to the pressure difference between the simulated battery stack cooling inlet 117 and the simulated battery stack cooling outlet 118, the cooling back pressure assembly 14 adjusts the cooling back pressure to be consistent with the battery stack cooling resistance drop at the pre-input flow rate to simulate the real cooling resistance.

[0046] See also Figure 1-Figure 5In this embodiment, the simulated membrane electrode water permeability generation module includes a No. 1 steam generator 501 and a simulated anode water vapor content flow control component 6 (including equipment such as an opening regulating valve and a flow meter), the No. 1 steam generator 501 is used to generate water vapor, and the simulated anode water vapor content flow control component 6 is used to inject water vapor consistent with the amount of water vapor permeating the membrane electrode of the actual fuel cell into the anode water vapor interface 107; the simulated product water vapor generation generation module includes a No. 2 steam generator 502 and a simulated cathode water vapor generation flow control component 7 (including equipment such as an opening regulating valve and a flow meter), the No. 2 steam generator 502 is used to generate water vapor, and the simulated cathode water vapor generation flow control component 7 is used to inject water vapor consistent with the amount of water vapor generated by the actual fuel cell and the amount of water vapor to be increased or decreased into the cathode water vapor interface 112, the No. 1 steam generator After the generator 501 is running and generating water vapor, the simulated anode water vapor content flow control component 6 controls the corresponding amount of water vapor to enter the simulated stack anode water permeability distribution cavity 104 through the anode water vapor interface 107 according to the actual amount of water vapor permeating the membrane electrode of the stack, and then sprays the water vapor to the simulated stack hydrogen cavity 125 through the hydrogen water vapor nozzle 106 to mix with the hydrogen supplied by the BOP system 50. After the No. 2 steam generator 502 is running and generating water vapor, the simulated cathode water vapor generation flow control component 7 controls the corresponding amount of water vapor to enter the simulated stack cathode water generation distribution cavity 105 through the cathode water vapor interface 112 according to the actual amount of water vapor generated by the stack and the amount of water vapor to be increased or decreased, and then sprays the water vapor to the simulated stack air cavity 126 through the air water vapor nozzle 111 to mix with the air supplied by the BOP system 50.

[0047] See also Figure 1-Figure 5In this embodiment, the simulated hydrogen reaction consumption module includes a simulated anode hydrogen reaction flow control component 2 (including equipment such as an opening regulating valve and a flow meter) installed on the discharge system of the BOP system 50, and the simulated anode hydrogen reaction flow control component 2 is used to control the simulated fuel cell hydrogen chamber 125 to discharge hydrogen and water vapor consistent with the actual fuel cell hydrogen reaction consumption; the simulated fuel cell anode resistance drop module includes a hydrogen inlet pressure sensor 9 installed on the feed system of the BOP system 50, a hydrogen outlet pressure sensor 10 installed on the discharge system of the BOP system 50, and a hydrogen back pressure component 11, the hydrogen inlet pressure sensor 9 is used to detect the hydrogen pressure flowing through the simulated fuel cell hydrogen inlet 108, and the hydrogen outlet pressure sensor 10 is used to detect the hydrogen pressure flowing through the simulated fuel cell hydrogen outlet 110 The hydrogen pressure of the simulated fuel cell stack is adjusted by the hydrogen back pressure component 11, and the hydrogen back pressure component 11 is used to adjust the hydrogen back pressure to be consistent with the actual fuel cell stack anode resistance drop; the hydrogen recycling module includes a purification device 3 (including other equipment such as a steam-water separator) and a booster device 4 (including equipment such as a pressure gauge and a booster pump) installed on the discharge system of the BOP system 50, the purification device 3 is used to purify the hydrogen discharged from the simulated fuel cell stack hydrogen cavity 125, and the booster device 4 is used to boost the purified hydrogen; the simulated air reaction consumption module includes a simulated air oxygen reaction flow control component 8 (including equipment such as an opening regulating valve and a flow meter) installed on the discharge system of the BOP system 50, and the simulated air oxygen reaction flow control component 8 is used to control the simulated fuel cell stack air cavity 126 to discharge air consistent with the reaction consumption of oxygen in the air of the actual fuel cell stack;The simulated stack cathode resistance drop module includes an air inlet pressure sensor 15 installed on the feeding system of the BOP system 50, an air outlet pressure sensor 16 installed on the discharging system of the BOP system 50, and an air back pressure assembly 17. The air inlet pressure sensor 15 is used to detect the air pressure flowing through the simulated stack air inlet 113, the air outlet pressure sensor 16 is used to detect the air pressure flowing through the simulated stack air outlet 115, and the air back pressure assembly 17 is used to adjust the air back pressure to be consistent with the actual stack cathode resistance drop. According to the power output demand of the fuel cell power generation system, the simulated anode hydrogen reaction flow control assembly 2 calculates the actual stack hydrogen reaction consumption according to the simulated stack controller 19. , control the corresponding amount of hydrogen consumed by the reaction to pass through the hydrogen consumption port 109 of the stack simulator 1 and be discharged from the simulated stack hydrogen cavity 125. The discharged hydrogen is first purified by the purification device 3, and then pressurized and recovered by the hydrogen booster device 4, and enters the hydrogen system of the BOP system 50, and then enters the stack simulator 1 again to form hydrogen recycling. On the other hand, according to the power output demand of the fuel cell power generation system, the oxygen reaction flow control component 8 in the simulated air controls the oxygen consumed by the reaction to be converted into air through the air consumption port 114 of the stack simulator 1, and is discharged from the simulated stack air cavity 126, completing the simulation of air consumption. ;

[0048] See also Figure 1-Figure 4 , Figure 6-Figure 7 In this embodiment, a plurality of paddles 206 are fixedly connected to the rotary spray tank 201, and the paddles 206 are used to disturb the water vapor accumulated in the hydrogen cavity 125 of the simulated fuel cell. The water vapor spraying direction of the hydrogen water vapor nozzle 106 is the tangential direction of the surface of the rotary spray tank 201. The impact force of the water vapor spraying acts on the blades 203 to generate a driving force, driving the rotary spray tank 201 to rotate with its own central axis as the rotation axis. The lower turntable 204 and the upper turntable 205 are both provided with ball structures (which can be regarded as ball bearings as a whole) to reduce the friction resistance during rotation. The hydrogen passes through the simulated fuel cell. The stack hydrogen inlet 108 first enters the rotary spray tank 201, and the centrifugal effect generated by the rotation of the rotary spray tank 201 causes the hydrogen to evenly overflow from the overflow hole 202. At the same time, the water vapor is also driven to flow in the simulated fuel cell hydrogen cavity 125 due to the contact with the rotary spray tank 201, and is fully mixed with the scattered hydrogen. In the initial state of water vapor injection, a part of the water vapor will accumulate at the bottom of the simulated fuel cell hydrogen cavity 125 because of its greater weight than hydrogen. This part of the water vapor is rotated and disturbed by the paddle 206 on the rotary spray tank 201, and floats upward to a certain extent.

[0049] See also Figure 1-Figure 2 , Figure 6-Figure 7In this embodiment, an auxiliary rotating assembly is installed on the simulated fuel cell anode hydrogen reaction chamber 101, and the auxiliary rotating assembly is used to drive the rotary spray tank 201 to rotate. The auxiliary rotating assembly includes a speed sensor 301 and a rotating motor 303 installed on the simulated fuel cell anode hydrogen reaction chamber 101, and a driving gear 304 fixedly connected to the output end of the rotating motor 303. An outer gear ring 305 is fixedly installed on the lower turntable 204, and a magnetic sensing piece 302 is installed on the outer gear ring 305. The speed sensor 301 is used to detect the rotation pulse signal of the magnetic sensing piece 302 and send it to the control unit of the rotating motor 303. The driving gear 304 is meshed and connected with the outer gear ring 305. The rotating motor 303 is used to drive the driving gear 304 to rotate. Because the water vapor injection speed of the hydrogen water vapor nozzle 106 fluctuates, for The impact force generated by the blades 203 is unstable, and there is resistance when the lower turntable 204 and the upper turntable 205 rotate. Therefore, the rotation speed of the rotary spray tank 201 sometimes fails to achieve the effect of fully mixing the hydrogen and water vapor (the required rotation speed of the rotary spray tank 201 for fully mixing the hydrogen and water vapor is determined based on preliminary tests). The rotation speed sensor 301 identifies the rotation speed by detecting the pulse signal of the magnetic sensing piece 302, and outputs a signal to the control unit of the rotating motor 303. When the detected rotation speed is lower than the pre-determined threshold value, the rotating motor 303 starts, and through the transmission action of the active gear 304 and the outer gear ring 305, the rotary spray tank 201 is driven to actively rotate at a pre-determined rotation speed, ensuring that the hydrogen and water vapor in the simulated fuel cell hydrogen cavity 125 can be fully mixed under any circumstances.

[0050] See also Figure 1-Figure 2 , Figure 6-Figure 8In this embodiment, a bevel gear disc 401 is fixedly connected to the outer gear ring 305, and an inflation assembly is installed on the simulated fuel cell anode hydrogen reaction chamber 101. The inflation assembly includes a rotating rod 403 movably connected to the simulated fuel cell anode hydrogen reaction chamber 101, a bevel gear 402 fixedly connected to one end of the rotating rod 403, a movable disk 404 fixedly connected to the other end of the rotating rod 403, a push-pull frame 405 movably connected to the eccentric side of the movable disk 404, and a piston head 406 movably connected to the push-pull frame 405. The bevel gear 402 and the bevel gear 402 are connected to the piston head 406. The disc 401 is meshed and connected, and the bevel gear disc 401 is used to drive the bevel gear 402 to rotate. An auxiliary exhaust component is installed in the rotary spray tank 201, and the movable disc 404 is used to drive the piston head 406 to reciprocate in the auxiliary exhaust component; the auxiliary exhaust component includes a piston cylinder 407 arranged in the rotary spray tank 201, an air pipe 408 fixedly connected to the piston cylinder 407, and an air bag 409 fixedly connected to the air pipe 408. The piston head 406 reciprocates axially in the piston cylinder 407. When the piston head 406 moves upward, the air bag 409 is inflated. When the piston head 406 moves downward, the airbag 409 deflates and shrinks and clings to the top of the rotary spray tank 201. In order to fully reduce the gas resistance during rotation, the rotary spray tank 201 is designed as a shuttle-shaped structure, and there is a concave cavity structure of a certain volume on the top. The hydrogen is light in weight. After being input into the rotary spray tank 201, part of the hydrogen is easily accumulated on the top of the rotary spray tank 201 and cannot be discharged. When the fuel cell simulation device is not running, this part of the hydrogen is also difficult to empty. Therefore, in the rotary spray tank 201 An air bag 409 is arranged on the top, and the driving force generated by the rotation of the rotary spray tank 201 is utilized, in cooperation with the transmission effect of the bevel gear plate 401 and the bevel gear 402, to synchronously drive the piston head 406 to move back and forth in the piston cylinder 407, so as to realize the cyclic inflation and deflation of the air bag 409, and utilize the volume change caused by the inflation and deflation of the air bag 409 to push the accumulated hydrogen to be discharged (in actual application, a structure similar to the paddle 206 can also be provided on the air pipe 408, so that the effect of being paddled and dispersed can be further increased when the hydrogen circulates in the rotary spray tank 201).

[0051] Working principle of the fuel cell stack simulation device:

[0052] First, the power supply 18 is powered on, and all components of the fuel cell simulation stack are ready; then, the fuel cell power generation system issues a power output demand, and the BOP system 50 for testing starts to supply hydrogen, air and coolant to the simulated stack anode hydrogen reaction chamber 101, the simulated stack cathode air reaction chamber 102, and the simulated stack cooling chamber 103 of the stack simulator 1 through the feed system, the simulated stack hydrogen inlet 108, the simulated stack air inlet 113, and the simulated cooling inlet respectively;

[0053] (Wherein, hydrogen flows through the hydrogen inlet pressure sensor 9, the mixer assembly, the simulated stack hydrogen chamber 125 in the simulated stack anode hydrogen reaction chamber 101, the hydrogen outlet pressure sensor 10 and the hydrogen back pressure assembly 11, and adjusts the hydrogen back pressure according to the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet to be consistent with the stack anode resistance drop at the flow rate input in advance, and then enters the hydrogen outlet system of the BOP system 50 through the simulated stack hydrogen outlet 110; at the same time, air flows through the air inlet pressure sensor 15, the simulated stack cathode air reaction chamber 102, the air outlet pressure sensor 16 and the air back pressure assembly Component 17, according to the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet, adjusts the air back pressure to be consistent with the previously input stack cathode resistance drop at the flow rate, and then enters the air outlet system of the BOP system 50 through the simulated stack air outlet 115; in addition, the coolant flows through the cooling inlet pressure sensor 12, the simulated stack cooling chamber 103, the cooling outlet pressure sensor 13 and the cooling back pressure component 14, and according to the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet, adjusts the cooling back pressure to be consistent with the previously input stack cooling resistance drop at the flow rate, and then enters the cooling circulation system of the BOP system 50 through the simulated stack cooling outlet 118);

[0054] Synchronously, according to the power output demand of the fuel cell power generation system, the simulated stack controller 19 calculates the membrane electrode water permeability, and the No. 1 steam generator 501 generates steam. Under the control of the simulated anode water vapor content flow control component 6, the steam is input into the simulated stack anode water permeability distribution cavity 104 of the simulated stack anode hydrogen reaction cavity 101 through the anode water vapor interface 107, and then sprayed into the simulated stack hydrogen cavity 125 by the hydrogen water vapor nozzle 106. The water vapor of the hydrogen water vapor nozzle 106 acts on the blade 203 to generate a driving force, driving the rotary spray tank As the rotary spray tank 201 rotates, the water vapor flowing through the surface of the rotary spray tank 201 is driven to rotate and flow in the simulated fuel cell hydrogen chamber 125 due to the movement of the blades 203 and the friction of the gas. At the same time, the hydrogen entering the rotary spray tank 201 is caused to evenly overflow from the overflow hole 202 due to the centrifugal effect generated by the rotation of the rotary spray tank 201. The paddle 206 on the rotary spray tank 201 rotates to disturb the water vapor that may be accumulated at the bottom of the simulated fuel cell hydrogen chamber 125, so that the water vapor and the hydrogen supplied by the BOP system 50 are fully mixed and flowed (rotation speed sensor When the sensor 301 detects that the rotation speed of the rotary spray tank 201 is lower than a certain threshold, the rotating motor 303 autonomously controls the rotary spray tank 201 to return to a safe rotation speed value that allows the hydrogen and water vapor to fully mix and flow). During the rotation of the rotary spray tank 201, the airbag 409 cyclically performs the process of inflation and deflation to discharge the hydrogen accumulated on the top of the rotary spray tank 201; synchronously, according to the power output demand of the fuel cell power generation system, the simulated stack controller 19 calculates the hydrogen reaction consumption, and the simulated anode hydrogen reaction flow control component 2 controls the reaction consumption The consumed hydrogen is discharged from the simulated stack hydrogen cavity 125 of the simulated stack anode hydrogen reaction cavity 101 through the hydrogen consumption port 109 of the stack simulator 1, completing the simulation of hydrogen consumption. The discharged hydrogen contains water vapor. After the above-mentioned mixing treatment, the water vapor content in the mixed gas discharged per unit time is roughly the same. After purification by the purification device 3, the water vapor is removed, and the remaining hydrogen enters the hydrogen boosting device 4 for boosting and recovery, and enters the hydrogen system of the BOP system 50 again, waiting to enter the stack simulator 1 to form hydrogen recycling;

[0055] Synchronously, according to the power output demand of the fuel cell power generation system, the simulated stack controller 19 calculates the amount of water vapor generated at the cathode and the amount of water vapor that needs to be increased or decreased to be compensated. The steam generated by the No. 2 steam generator 502 is controlled by the simulated cathode water vapor content flow control component, and is input into the simulated stack cathode generated water distribution cavity 105 of the simulated stack cathode hydrogen reaction cavity through the cathode water vapor interface 112, and then sprayed into the simulated stack air cavity 126 by the air water vapor nozzle 111, and mixed with the air supplied by the BOP system 50; synchronously, according to the power output demand of the fuel cell power generation system, the simulated stack controller 19 calculates the oxygen reaction consumption, and the simulated air oxygen reaction flow control component 8 controls the oxygen consumed in the reaction to be converted into air through the air consumption port 114 of the stack simulator 1, and discharged from the simulated stack air cavity 126 of the simulated stack cathode air reaction cavity 102, thereby completing the simulation of air consumption;

[0056] Simultaneously, according to the power output demand of the fuel cell power generation system, the simulated stack controller 19 calculates the heat released by the hydrogen-oxygen reaction in the stack, supplies power through the power supply port 119 of the stack simulator 1, heats the simulated stack heat generating heating device 116 in the simulated stack cooling chamber 103, and the coolant then brings the heat into the circulating heat dissipation system of the BOP system 50 from the simulated stack cooling outlet 118 to complete the heat dissipation.

[0057] Simulation experiment 1:

[0058] Stack operating conditions: current 50A, hydrogen flow 15.66SLPM, air flow 49.8SLPM, cooling water flow 0.84LPM, anode back pressure 0.9bar, cathode back pressure 1bar, cooling water back pressure 0.7bar;

[0059] The operating conditions of the simulated battery stack system are as follows: current 50A, average voltage 0.86V, water injection volume 8.56ml / min, heating heat 0.591kw, △P air 0.2BARG, △P hydrogen 0.02BARG, △P cooling water 0.1BARG;

[0060] Test results: Cathode consumption port humidity 100 RH%, anode consumption port humidity 100 RH%, cathode tail outlet humidity 100 RH%, anode tail outlet humidity 100 RH%, heat dissipation power 0.58kw, △P air 0.2BARG, △P hydrogen 0.02BARG, △P cooling water 0.11BARG, hydrogen consumption 11SLPM, air consumption 25SLPM, cooling water flow 1LPM;

[0061] Actual stack test data: cathode consumption port humidity 100 RH%, anode consumption port humidity 100 RH%, cathode tail outlet humidity 100 RH%, anode tail outlet humidity 100 RH%, heat dissipation power 0.591kw, air resistance 0.2BARG, hydrogen resistance 0.02BARG, cooling water resistance 0.1BARG, hydrogen flow 10.44SLPM, air flow 24.9SLPM, cooling water flow 0.84LPM;

[0062] Simulation experiment 2:

[0063] Stack operating conditions: current 200A, hydrogen flow 62.64SLPM, air flow 199.2SLPM, cooling water flow 4.49LPM, anode back pressure 0.9bar, cathode back pressure 1bar, cooling water back pressure 0.7bar;

[0064] The operating conditions of the simulated battery stack system are as follows: current 200A, average voltage 0.73V, water injection volume 34.24ml / min, heating heat 3.1441kw, △P air 0.45BARG, △P hydrogen 0.07BARG, △P cooling water 0.38BARG;

[0065] Test results: Cathode consumption port humidity 99 RH%, anode consumption port humidity 99 RH%, cathode tail outlet humidity 100RH%, anode tail outlet humidity 100 RH%, heat dissipation power 3.1kw, △P air 0.46BARG, △P hydrogen 0.07BARG, △P cooling water 0.4BARG, hydrogen consumption 41SLPM, air consumption 98SLPM, cooling water flow 4.6LPM;

[0066] Actual stack test data: cathode consumption port humidity 100 RH%, anode consumption port humidity 100 RH%, cathode tail outlet humidity 100 RH%, anode tail outlet humidity 100 RH%, heat dissipation power 3.144kw, air resistance 0.45BARG, hydrogen resistance 0.07BARG, cooling water resistance 0.38BARG, hydrogen flow 41.76SLPM, air flow 99.6SLPM, cooling water flow 4.49LPM;

[0067] Data analysis: The maximum error of RH% humidity at the cathode consumption port is 2%, which meets the requirements; the maximum error of RH% humidity at the anode consumption port is 1%, which meets the requirements; there is no error in RH% humidity at the cathode tail outlet, which meets the requirements; there is no error in RH% humidity at the anode tail outlet, which meets the requirements; the maximum error of heating power and heat dissipation power is 3.14%, which meets the requirements; the maximum error of cathode resistance drop is 3.57%, which meets the requirements; the maximum error of anode resistance drop is 10%, which meets the requirements; the maximum error of cooling water resistance drop is 6.9%, which meets the requirements; the deviation of hydrogen consumption is 1.8%, which does not exceed 5%, which meets the requirements; the deviation of air consumption is 1.2%, which does not exceed 5%, which meets the requirements; the deviation of water flow is 3.8%, which does not exceed 5%, which meets the requirements.

[0068] Experimental conclusion: The control is stable, and the key error of the simulated stack device is very small. It can be produced as a product to test the stack test bench and fuel cell BOP system.

[0069] Since the outlet gas contains only water and hydrogen, it can be purified by drying it with a silica gel dryer and then entering the booster system for boosting, and then entering the test bench or BOP system for reuse.

Claims

1. A fuel cell stack simulation device, comprising a stack simulator (1) and a BOP system (50), characterized in that: It also includes a simulated membrane electrode water permeability generation module, a simulated hydrogen reaction consumption module, a simulated stack anode resistance drop module, a hydrogen recycling module, a simulated product water vapor generation module, a simulated air reaction consumption module, a simulated stack cathode resistance drop module, a simulated stack cooling resistance module and a simulated stack control module. The fuel cell simulated stack is used to simulate the entire process of material reaction. The stack simulator (1) is used as a simulated reaction site for the fuel cell. The BOP system (50) includes a feed system and a discharge system. The feed system of the BOP system (50) is used to feed reactants hydrogen and air as well as coolant into the stack simulator (1). The simulated stack control module is used to control the three-cavity resistance drops of the simulated stack anode resistance drop module, the simulated stack cathode resistance drop module and the simulated stack cooling resistance module in real time to be consistent with the three-cavity resistance drops of the actual stack. The discharge system of the BOP system (50) is used to receive hydrogen, air and coolant flowing out of the stack simulator (1). The simulated stack control module includes a power supply (18) and a simulated stack controller (19). The simulated stack control module is used to calculate the amount of water vapor permeating the membrane electrode, the amount of hydrogen reaction consumption, the amount of oxygen reaction consumption in the air, the amount of water vapor generated, the amount of water vapor to be increased or decreased, and the amount of heat generated by the stack according to a given power output demand. The simulated membrane electrode water permeation generation module is used to inject the amount of water vapor permeating the membrane electrode into the stack simulator (1). The simulated hydrogen reaction consumption module is used to discharge the hydrogen reaction consumption into the hydrogen recycling module. The hydrogen recycling module is used to purify hydrogen and inject the purified hydrogen into the BOP system (50). The simulated air reaction consumption module is used to convert the amount of oxygen reaction consumption in the air into air for discharge. The simulated product water vapor generation generation module is used to inject the generated water vapor into the stack simulator (1). The stack simulator (1) is provided with a simulated stack heat generation heating device (116). The simulated stack heat generation heating device (116) is used to emit heat consistent with the actual stack heat generation. The coolant entering the stack simulator (1) takes away the heat emitted by the stack simulator (1) and enters the BOP system (50). The stack simulator (1) comprises a simulated stack anode hydrogen reaction chamber (101), a simulated stack cathode air reaction chamber (102) and a simulated stack cooling chamber (103) separated by a plurality of partitions; a mixer assembly is installed in the simulated stack anode hydrogen reaction chamber (101); the mixer assembly is used to mix water vapor and hydrogen injected into the simulated stack anode hydrogen reaction chamber (101); The simulated stack anode hydrogen reaction chamber (101) comprises two sub-chambers surrounded by a simulated stack reaction membrane wall (120), a simulated anode diffusion layer partition (121) and a simulated anode plate partition (122) located on one side of the stack simulator (1), the two sub-chambers being respectively a simulated stack anode water permeable distribution chamber (104) and a simulated stack hydrogen chamber (125); a hydrogen water vapor nozzle (106) is installed on the simulated anode diffusion layer partition (121); the hydrogen water vapor nozzle (106) is used to inject water vapor in the simulated stack anode water permeable distribution chamber (104) into the simulated stack hydrogen chamber (125); and the simulated stack hydrogen chamber (125) is provided with a simulated stack hydrogen inlet (108), a simulated stack hydrogen outlet (110) and a hydrogen consumption port (109); The mixer assembly comprises a spindle-shaped spin spray tank (201) arranged in a simulated fuel cell hydrogen chamber (125), a plurality of overflow holes (202) evenly distributed on the surface of the spin spray tank (201), a plurality of blades (203) fixedly connected to the outer wall of the spin spray tank (201), a lower turntable (204) fixedly connected to one end of the spin spray tank (201) and an upper turntable (205) fixedly connected to the other end of the spin spray tank (201), wherein the lower turntable (204) and the upper turntable (205) are rotatably connected to the simulated fuel cell hydrogen cavity (125), the lower turntable (204) is connected to the simulated fuel cell hydrogen inlet (108) and the rotary spray tank (201), the simulated fuel cell hydrogen inlet (108) is used to inject hydrogen into the rotary spray tank (201), the overflow hole (202) is used to discharge the hydrogen in the rotary spray tank (201), and the hydrogen water vapor nozzle (106) is used to spray water vapor onto the blades (203) and drive the rotary spray tank (201) to rotate.

2. A fuel cell stack simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An anode water vapor interface (107) is installed on the simulated fuel cell anode water permeable distribution cavity (104), and the anode water vapor interface (107) is used to inject water vapor into the simulated fuel cell anode water permeable distribution cavity (104). The simulated fuel cell hydrogen inlet (108) is connected to the feed system of the BOP system (50) and is used to inject hydrogen into the simulated fuel cell hydrogen cavity (125). The simulated fuel cell hydrogen outlet (110) and the hydrogen consumption port (109) are both connected to the discharge system of the BOP system (50) and are used to discharge hydrogen and water vapor in the simulated fuel cell hydrogen cavity (125).

3. A fuel cell stack simulation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The simulated stack cathode air reaction chamber (102) includes two sub-chambers surrounded by a simulated stack reaction membrane wall (120), a simulated cathode diffusion layer partition (124) and a simulated cathode plate partition (123) on the other side of the stack simulator (1), the two sub-chambers being a simulated stack cathode generated water distribution chamber (105) and a simulated stack air chamber (126), respectively. The simulated stack cathode generated water distribution chamber (105) is provided with a cathode water vapor interface (112), and the cathode water vapor interface (112) is used to inject water vapor into the simulated stack cathode generated water distribution chamber (105). The simulated cathode diffusion layer partition (124) is provided with an air water vapor nozzle (111), and the air water vapor nozzle (112) is used to inject water vapor into the simulated stack cathode generated water distribution chamber (105). The steam nozzle (111) is used to inject water vapor in the simulated battery stack cathode generated water distribution cavity (105) into the simulated battery stack air cavity (126). The simulated battery stack air cavity (126) is provided with a simulated battery stack air inlet (113), a simulated battery stack air outlet (115) and an air consumption port (114). The simulated battery stack air inlet (113) is connected to the feed system of the BOP system (50) and is used to inject air into the simulated battery stack air cavity (126). The simulated battery stack air outlet (115) and the air consumption port (114) are both connected to the discharge system of the BOP system (50) and are used to discharge air and water vapor in the simulated battery stack air cavity (126).

4. A fuel cell stack simulation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The simulated stack cooling cavity (103) comprises a cavity surrounded by a simulated anode plate partition (122) and a simulated cathode plate partition (123); a simulated stack cooling inlet (117) and a simulated stack cooling outlet (118) are provided on the simulated stack cooling cavity (103); the simulated stack cooling inlet (117) is connected to the feed system of the BOP system (50) and is used to inject coolant into the simulated stack cooling cavity (103); the simulated stack cooling outlet (118) is connected to the discharge system of the BOP system (50) and is used to discharge coolant in the simulated stack cooling cavity (103); and the simulated stack heat generation heating device (116) is attached to the simulated anode plate partition (122) and the simulated cathode plate partition (123); The simulated stack cooling resistance module comprises a cooling inlet pressure sensor (12) installed on the feed system of the BOP system (50), a cooling outlet pressure sensor (13) installed on the outlet feed system of the BOP system (50), and a cooling back pressure assembly (14); the cooling inlet pressure sensor (12) is used to detect the pressure of the coolant flowing through the simulated stack cooling inlet (117); the cooling outlet pressure sensor (13) is used to detect the pressure of the coolant flowing through the simulated stack cooling outlet (118); and the cooling back pressure assembly (14) is used to adjust the coolant back pressure to be consistent with the actual stack cooling resistance drop.

5. A fuel cell stack simulation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The simulated membrane electrode water permeability generation module comprises a No. 1 steam generator (501) and a simulated anode water vapor content flow control component (6), wherein the No. 1 steam generator (501) is used to generate water vapor, and the simulated anode water vapor content flow control component (6) is used to inject water vapor consistent with the amount of water vapor permeating the membrane electrode of the actual fuel cell stack into the anode water vapor interface (107); The simulated product water vapor generation module comprises a No. 2 steam generator (502) and a simulated cathode water vapor generation flow control component (7), wherein the No. 2 steam generator (502) is used to generate water vapor, and the simulated cathode water vapor generation flow control component (7) is used to inject water vapor consistent with the amount of water vapor generated by the actual fuel cell stack and the amount of water vapor to be increased or decreased into the cathode water vapor interface (112).

6. A fuel cell stack simulation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The simulated hydrogen reaction consumption module comprises a simulated anode hydrogen reaction flow control component (2) installed on a discharge system of a BOP system (50), wherein the simulated anode hydrogen reaction flow control component (2) is used to control a simulated fuel cell hydrogen chamber (125) to discharge hydrogen and water vapor consistent with an actual fuel cell hydrogen reaction consumption; The simulated stack anode resistance drop module comprises a hydrogen inlet pressure sensor (9) installed on a feed system of a BOP system (50), a hydrogen outlet pressure sensor (10) installed on a discharge system of the BOP system (50), and a hydrogen back pressure assembly (11), wherein the hydrogen inlet pressure sensor (9) is used to detect the pressure of hydrogen flowing through a simulated stack hydrogen inlet (108), the hydrogen outlet pressure sensor (10) is used to detect the pressure of hydrogen flowing through a simulated stack hydrogen outlet (110), and the hydrogen back pressure assembly (11) is used to adjust the hydrogen back pressure to be consistent with the actual stack anode resistance drop; The hydrogen recycling module comprises a purification device (3) and a pressurizing device (4) installed on the discharge system of the BOP system (50), the purification device (3) being used to purify the hydrogen discharged from the simulated fuel cell hydrogen chamber (125), and the pressurizing device (4) being used to pressurize the purified hydrogen; The simulated air reaction consumption module comprises a simulated air oxygen reaction flow control component (8) installed on the discharge system of the BOP system (50), and the simulated air oxygen reaction flow control component (8) is used to control the simulated fuel cell air chamber (126) to discharge air consistent with the reaction consumption of the air oxygen of the actual fuel cell; The simulated stack cathode resistance drop module comprises an air inlet pressure sensor (15) installed on the feed system of the BOP system (50), an air outlet pressure sensor (16) installed on the discharge system of the BOP system (50), and an air back pressure assembly (17), wherein the air inlet pressure sensor (15) is used to detect the air pressure flowing through the simulated stack air inlet (113), the air outlet pressure sensor (16) is used to detect the air pressure flowing through the simulated stack air outlet (115), and the air back pressure assembly (17) is used to adjust the air back pressure to be consistent with the actual stack cathode resistance drop.

7. A fuel cell stack simulation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A plurality of paddles (206) are fixedly connected to the rotary spray tank (201), and the paddles (206) are used to disturb the water vapor accumulated in the simulated fuel cell hydrogen cavity (125).

8. A fuel cell stack simulation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: An auxiliary rotating assembly is installed on the simulated stack anode hydrogen reaction chamber (101), and the auxiliary rotating assembly is used to drive the rotary spray tank (201) to rotate. The auxiliary rotating assembly comprises a rotation speed sensor (301) and a rotating motor (303) installed on the simulated stack anode hydrogen reaction chamber (101), and a driving gear (304) fixedly connected to the output end of the rotating motor (303). An outer gear ring (305) is fixedly installed on the lower turntable (204), and a magnetic sensing sheet (302) is installed on the outer gear ring (305). The rotation speed sensor (301) is used to detect the rotation pulse signal of the magnetic sensing sheet (302) and send it to the control unit of the rotating motor (303). The driving gear (304) is meshedly connected with the outer gear ring (305), and the rotating motor (303) is used to drive the driving gear (304) to rotate.

9. A fuel cell stack simulation device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A bevel gear disc (401) is fixedly connected to the outer gear ring (305); an inflation assembly is installed on the simulated fuel cell anode hydrogen reaction chamber (101); the inflation assembly comprises a rotating rod (403) movably connected to the simulated fuel cell anode hydrogen reaction chamber (101); a bevel gear (402) fixedly connected to one end of the rotating rod (403); a movable disc (404) fixedly connected to the other end of the rotating rod (403); a push-pull frame (405) movably connected to an eccentric side of the movable disc (404); and a piston head (406) movably connected to the push-pull frame (405); the bevel gear (402) is meshingly connected to the bevel gear disc (401); the bevel gear disc (401) is used to drive the bevel gear (402) to rotate; an auxiliary exhaust assembly is installed in the rotary spray tank (201); the movable disc (404) is used to drive the piston head (406) to reciprocate in the auxiliary exhaust assembly; The auxiliary exhaust assembly comprises a piston cylinder (407) disposed in the rotary spray tank (201), an air pipe (408) fixedly connected to the piston cylinder (407), and an air bag (409) fixedly connected to the air pipe (408). The piston head (406) reciprocates axially in the piston cylinder (407). When the piston head (406) moves upward, the air bag (409) is inflated and expanded to exhaust the hydrogen accumulated on the top of the rotary spray tank (201); when the piston head (406) moves downward, the air bag (409) is deflated and contracted and closely adheres to the top of the rotary spray tank (201).

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