High-precision control nickel-64 solid nuclear target electroplating preparation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-precision control nickel-64 solid nuclear target electroplating preparation method, which belongs to the technical field of solid nuclear target production, and comprises the following steps: step 1, calculating the mass of a simple substance nickel raw material: injecting protons into simple substance solid nickel, calculating an ionization energy loss curve and making an energy loss integral curve, calculating the mass of the elemental nickel raw material according to the density of the elemental nickel and the relative atomic mass of nickel-64; 2, a nickel plating solution is prepared; and step 3, electroplating to prepare the nickel-64 solid nuclear target. According to the method, the Monte Carlo simulation method based on the Newton's law of motion and the molecular dynamics equation is introduced in the process of calculating the mass of the elementary nickel raw material, and the motion trail and the energy loss of the protons injected into the elementary solid nickel are considered in the calculation process, so that the calculation precision of the mass of the elementary nickel raw material is remarkably improved; the prepared nickel-64 solid nuclear target can meet application requirements, raw material waste is reduced as much as possible, and the production cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of solid nuclear target production, and specifically relates to a nickel-64 solid nuclear target electroplating preparation method, and in particular to a high-precision controlled nickel-64 solid nuclear target electroplating preparation method. Background Art

[0002] Solid core target is also called solid target, which is formed by solidifying the target material on the target holder, such as nickel-64 (i.e. 64 Ni), zinc-68 (i.e. 68 Zn) are both commonly used solid nuclear target materials in the medical field. Electroplating of nickel-64 solid nuclear targets and zinc-68 solid nuclear targets is an important target making technology in the solid nuclear target preparation process used in the production of electron nuclides by accelerating proton bombardment targets in accelerators. High-purity single nickel is used as the raw material of nickel-64 solid nuclear target, which is extremely expensive. Precisely controlling the amount of single nickel raw material (usually powder) while ensuring the output of target materials can minimize the loss of raw materials in the process and maximize economic benefits.

[0003] The traditional electroplating preparation method of nickel-64 solid nuclear target has the following defects:

[0004] The calculation method of the traditional electroplating preparation method for the elemental nickel raw material is to directly reversely calculate the thickness and density of the target material in the solid nuclear target to be prepared. However, the main salt (i.e., the main reactant) cannot be replenished during the electroplating preparation process of the nickel-64 solid nuclear target. As the nickel-64 ions are continuously deposited on the target holder, the main salt concentration in the plating solution continues to decrease, and the gas precipitation continues to increase, resulting in an increase in internal defects in the target material of the solid nuclear target. There is a large difference between its actual density and the theoretical density. Therefore, the above method leads to inaccurate calculation of the amount of elemental nickel raw material and cannot be precisely controlled, which either leads to waste of raw materials or causes the nickel-64 solid nuclear target to fail to meet application requirements.

[0005] In addition, the nickel plating solution used in the traditional electroplating preparation method usually uses a Watt-type plating solution, an aminosulfonate plating solution or a full sulfate plating solution, and adopts a constant current output mode. During the entire preparation process, different currents are not used according to different reaction time periods, and the plating solution cycle frequency does not change accordingly. The preparation process control accuracy is not high, resulting in the prepared nickel-64 solid nuclear target having coarse bottom crystals, weak bonding between the coating and the substrate, low coating density, more surface pores and burrs, and an insufficiently smooth surface. This reduces the quality of the nuclear target and cannot meet the requirements for coating bonding, thickness, density, and flatness under nickel-64 nuclide production conditions. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-precision controlled nickel-64 solid nuclear target electroplating preparation method in order to solve the above problems.

[0007] The present invention achieves the above-mentioned purpose through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A method for preparing a nickel-64 solid nuclear target by electroplating with high precision control, comprising: step 1, calculating the mass of a single nickel raw material, step 2, preparing a nickel plating solution, and step 3, preparing a nickel-64 solid nuclear target by electroplating, wherein step 1 comprises the following steps:

[0009] Step 1.1, using an accelerator to inject accelerated protons vertically into single-substance solid nickel, or, the incident direction of the protons forms an angle ф with the incident side surface of the single-substance solid nickel, and the ionization energy loss curve of the protons in the single-substance solid nickel is calculated based on the density of the single-substance nickel and the relative atomic mass of nickel-64;

[0010] Step 1.2: Integrate the ionization energy loss curve to obtain the energy loss integral curve and substitute it into 64 Ni(p,n) 64 The reaction threshold energy of Cu is obtained by querying the energy loss integral curve to obtain the vertical depth D of protons injected into the single solid nickel when the energy decays below the reaction threshold energy. Ni-64 , if the protons in step 1 are injected vertically into the elemental solid nickel, then D Ni-64 is the range R of the proton. If the incident direction of the proton in step 1 has an angle ф with the incident side surface of the single solid nickel, then D Ni-64 =R×sinф, directly obtained from the energy loss integral curve;

[0011] Step 1.3: Calculate the target surface density σ of the nickel-64 solid core target to be prepared by the following formula: Ni-64 :

[0012] σ Ni-64 =D Ni-64 ×ρ Ni-nat ,

[0013] Among them, ρ Ni-nat It represents the density of elemental nickel;

[0014] Step 1.4: Calculate the mass m of the elemental nickel raw material using the following formula:

[0015] m=σ Ni-64 ×s,

[0016] Wherein, s represents the target support plating area of ​​the nickel-64 solid nuclear target to be prepared.

[0017] Preferably, step 2 comprises the following steps:

[0018] Step 2.1, adding nickel-64 with an abundance greater than 98% to a 4-6 mol / L sulfuric acid solution, the molar ratio of nickel to sulfuric acid being 1:(15-20), and the reaction temperature being 220-250°C;

[0019] Step 2.2, after the reaction is completed, add ammonium sulfate, the molar ratio of nickel to ammonium sulfate is 1: (1-4), and the reaction temperature is 20-30°C;

[0020] Step 2.3, after ammonium sulfate is completely dissolved, add ammonia water, the molar ratio of nickel to ammonia water is 1: (60-80), and the reaction temperature is 20-30°C;

[0021] Step 2.4: After the solution turns dark blue, add pure water to make up the volume. The concentration of the solution after the volume is 0.1-0.2 mol / L and the pH is 7-10, thus obtaining a nickel plating solution.

[0022] Preferably, the method of step 3 is as follows: add the nickel plating solution into the electroplating tank, use the target holder as the cathode and platinum as the anode, place the cathode and the anode in the electroplating solution, connect the power supply, and divide the reaction period into the following three periods and use different current densities and plating solution circulation frequencies: in the initial stage of the reaction, that is, 1-2 hours after the start of the reaction, the current density is 1.2-1.4A / dm 2 The plating solution circulation frequency is 0-5 times / hour; in the middle stage of the reaction, that is, 8-12 hours after the initial reaction, the current density is 0.8-1.2A / dm 2 The plating solution circulation frequency is 5-10 times / hour; at the end of the reaction, that is, 8-12 hours after the middle of the reaction, the current density is 0.5-0.8A / dm 2 The plating solution circulation frequency is 10-15 times / hour; after the electroplating is completed, a nickel-64 solid nuclear target is obtained.

[0023] Preferably, in step 1.1, the formula used to calculate the ionization energy loss curve of protons in single-substance solid nickel is as follows:

[0024]

[0025] Among them, m is the rest mass of the electron 9.109 38215×10-31kg, μ is the rest energy of the electron 0.511006MeV, β is the relative speed of the proton, δ is the correction term for the density effect, Z is the atomic number of nickel, which is 28, and z 2 is the charge of the proton, which is 1, ρ is the density of the elemental nickel raw material, M A is the relative atomic mass of nickel-64, I is the average excitation energy of nickel atoms I=I0Z, I0=10eV, is the shell correction term, K1 is a constant, which is 0.1536 MeV·cm 2 ·mol -1, E is the incident proton energy, which is 10.5 MeV, MeV is the unit of electron volts, and R is the range of the proton;

[0026] Combining equation (1) and equation (2), we can obtain the ionization energy loss curve of protons in single solid nickel.

[0027] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0028] The present invention introduces a Monte Carlo simulation method based on Newton's laws of motion and molecular dynamics equations in the process of calculating the mass of elemental nickel raw materials, takes the motion trajectory and energy loss of protons injected into elemental solid nickel into consideration in the calculation process, significantly improves the calculation accuracy of the mass of elemental nickel raw materials, not only enables the prepared nickel-64 solid nuclear target to meet application requirements, but also reduces the waste of raw materials as much as possible and reduces the production cost; nickel sulfate is used as the main salt, ammonium sulfate is used as the conductive salt, ammonia water is used to adjust the reaction pH, and pure water is used to adjust the volume to prepare a nickel plating solution that meets the requirements of device-produced nuclides, and the nickel plating solution has the advantages of high raw material utilization rate, simple and stable process, stable electroplating reaction, few internal defects of the plating layer and low environmental pollution; different current densities and plating solution circulation frequencies are set in different reaction periods during electroplating rate, a larger current density and plating solution circulation frequency are used in the initial stage of the reaction to refine the crystals, increase the density of the coating, and increase the bonding force between the coating and the substrate; a suitable current density and plating solution circulation frequency are used in the middle stage of the reaction to allow the coating to grow stably and continuously; a smaller current density and plating solution circulation frequency are used in the final stage of the reaction to reduce pores and burrs, and reduce the risk of target burning; the present invention ultimately achieves the optimal effects of saving raw material costs, fine bottom crystals, greater bonding force between the coating and the substrate, higher coating density, fewer surface pores and burrs, and a smooth surface by accurately calculating the quality of raw materials, using nickel plating solutions with high raw material utilization, and controlling electroplating parameters with high precision, thereby significantly improving the quality of nuclear targets and being able to well meet the requirements of coating bonding force, thickness, density, and flatness under nickel-64 nuclide production conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the energy loss curve described in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the integral curve described in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 is a target surface morphology image of a nickel-64 solid nuclear target prepared according to the method of the present invention in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a target surface morphology diagram of a nickel-64 solid core target prepared according to a constant current density and plating solution cycle frequency in a specific embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0034] The method for preparing a nickel-64 solid nuclear target by electroplating with high precision control of the present invention comprises: step 1, calculating the mass of a single nickel raw material, step 2, preparing a nickel plating solution, and step 3, preparing a nickel-64 solid nuclear target by electroplating, wherein step 1 comprises the following steps:

[0035] Step 1.1, using an accelerator to inject accelerated protons vertically into single-substance solid nickel, or, the incident direction of the protons forms an angle ф with the incident side surface of the single-substance solid nickel, and the ionization energy loss curve of the protons in the single-substance solid nickel is calculated based on the density of the single-substance nickel and the relative atomic mass of nickel-64;

[0036] Step 1.2: Integrate the ionization energy loss curve to obtain the energy loss integral curve and substitute it into 64 Ni(p,n) 64 The reaction threshold energy of Cu is obtained by querying the energy loss integral curve to obtain the vertical depth D of protons injected into the single solid nickel when the energy decays below the reaction threshold energy. Ni-64 , if the protons in step 1 are injected vertically into the elemental solid nickel, then D Ni-64 is the range R of the proton. If the incident direction of the proton in step 1 has an angle ф with the incident side surface of the single solid nickel, then D Ni-64 =R×sinф, directly obtained from the energy loss integral curve;

[0037] Step 1.3: Calculate the target surface density σ of the nickel-64 solid core target to be prepared by the following formula: Ni-64 :

[0038] σ Ni-64 =D Ni-64 ×ρ Ni-nat ,

[0039] Among them, ρ Ni-nat It represents the density of elemental nickel;

[0040] Step 1.4: Calculate the mass m of the elemental nickel raw material using the following formula:

[0041] m=σ Ni-64 ×s,

[0042] Wherein, s represents the target support plating area of ​​the nickel-64 solid nuclear target to be prepared.

[0043] Preferably, step 2 comprises the following steps:

[0044] Step 2.1, adding nickel-64 with an abundance greater than 98% to a 4-6 mol / L sulfuric acid solution, the molar ratio of nickel to sulfuric acid being 1:(15-20), and the reaction temperature being 220-250°C;

[0045] Step 2.2, after the reaction is completed, add ammonium sulfate, the molar ratio of nickel to ammonium sulfate is 1: (1-4), and the reaction temperature is 20-30°C;

[0046] Step 2.3, after ammonium sulfate is completely dissolved, add ammonia water, the molar ratio of nickel to ammonia water is 1: (60-80), and the reaction temperature is 20-30°C;

[0047] Step 2.4: After the solution turns dark blue, add pure water to make up the volume. The concentration of the solution after the volume is 0.1-0.2 mol / L and the pH is 7-10, thus obtaining a nickel plating solution.

[0048] Preferably, the method of step 3 is as follows: add the nickel plating solution into the electroplating tank, use the target holder as the cathode and platinum as the anode, place the cathode and the anode in the electroplating solution, connect the power supply, and divide the reaction period into the following three periods and use different current densities and plating solution circulation frequencies: in the initial stage of the reaction, that is, 1-2 hours after the start of the reaction, the current density is 1.2-1.4A / dm 2 The plating solution circulation frequency is 0-5 times / hour; in the middle stage of the reaction, that is, 8-12 hours after the initial reaction, the current density is 0.8-1.2A / dm 2 The plating solution circulation frequency is 5-10 times / hour; at the end of the reaction, that is, 8-12 hours after the middle of the reaction, the current density is 0.5-0.8A / dm 2 The plating solution circulation frequency is 10-15 times / hour; after the electroplating is completed, a nickel-64 solid nuclear target is obtained.

[0049] Preferably, in step 1.1, the formula used to calculate the ionization energy loss curve of protons in single-substance solid nickel is as follows:

[0050]

[0051] Among them, m is the rest mass of the electron 9.109 38215×10-31kg, μ is the rest energy of the electron 0.511006MeV, β is the relative speed of the proton, δ is the correction term for the density effect, Z is the atomic number of nickel, which is 28, and z 2 is the charge of the proton, which is 1, ρ is the density of the elemental nickel raw material, M A is the relative atomic mass of nickel-64, I is the average excitation energy of nickel atoms I=I0Z, I0=10eV, is the shell correction term, K1 is a constant, which is 0.1536 MeV·cm 2 ·mol -1, E is the incident proton energy, which is 10.5 MeV, MeV is the unit of electron volts, and R is the range of the proton;

[0052] Combining equation (1) and equation (2), we can obtain the ionization energy loss curve of protons in single solid nickel.

[0053] The present invention is described in more detail below with the best embodiment: Specific embodiment:

[0055] The nickel-64 solid nuclear target was prepared by the following steps:

[0056] Step 1: Calculate the mass of elemental nickel-64 raw material: including the following steps:

[0057] Step 1.1: Use an accelerator to accelerate 10.5 MeV (MeV is the unit of electron volts, which is often used in energy and represents the kinetic energy gained by an electron after being accelerated by a potential difference of 1 volt) protons and inject them into the single-substance solid nickel at a high speed. The incident direction of the protons has an angle of 20° with the incident side surface of the single-substance solid nickel. The density of the single-substance nickel is 8.9 g / cm 3 The relative atomic mass of nickel-64 is 63.93, and the ionization energy loss curve of protons in single solid nickel is calculated, as shown in Figure 1 As shown; the specific calculation adopts the following formula:

[0058]

[0059] Among them, m is the rest mass of the electron 9.109 38215×10-31kg, μ is the rest energy of the electron 0.511006MeV, β is the relative speed of the proton, δ is the correction term for the density effect, Z is the atomic number of nickel, which is 28, and z 2 is the charge of the proton, which is 1, ρ is the density of the elemental nickel raw material, M A is the relative atomic mass of nickel-64, I is the average excitation energy of nickel atoms I=I0Z, I0=10eV, is the shell correction term, K1 is a constant, which is 0.1536 MeV·cm 2 ·mol -1 , E is the incident proton energy, which is 10.5 MeV, MeV is the unit of electron volts, and R is the range of the proton;

[0060] Combining equation (1) and equation (2), we get Figure 1 The ionization energy loss curve of a proton in elemental solid nickel is shown;

[0061] Step 1.2: Integrate the ionization energy loss curve to obtain the energy loss integral curve, such as Figure 2 As shown, and substitute 64Ni(p,n) 64 The reaction threshold energy of Cu is 3MeV. The vertical depth D of protons injected into the single-element solid nickel when the energy decays below the reaction threshold energy, i.e., 10.5MeV, is obtained by querying the energy loss integral curve. Ni-64 =R×sin20°=80μm, R is the range of the proton, which can be directly obtained from the energy loss integral curve;

[0062] Step 1.3: Calculate the target surface density σ of the nickel-64 solid core target to be prepared by the following formula: Ni-64 :

[0063] σ Ni-64 =D Ni-64 ×ρ Ni-nat =73.97mg / cm 2 ,

[0064] Among them, ρ Ni-nat It represents the density of elemental nickel;

[0065] Step 1.4: Calculate the mass m of the elemental nickel raw material using the following formula:

[0066] m=σ Ni-64 ×s=110mg,

[0067] Where s represents the target support plating area of ​​the nickel-64 solid nuclear target to be prepared, which is 1.5 cm in this example. 2 ;

[0068] Step 2, preparing a nickel plating solution: comprising the following steps:

[0069] Step 2.1, add a 19# ground mouth, 200mm long serpentine condensation reflux tube to a 100ml, 19# ground mouth round bottom flask, fully condense and reflux the water vapor evaporated during the heating process, add 4.5ml of pure water and 2.5ml of concentrated sulfuric acid to the round bottom flask in sequence, mix well, and then add 110.1mg of nickel-64 with an abundance greater than 98%; use a heating jacket to heat the whole round bottom flask, and set the temperature to 220°C;

[0070] Step 2.2, when the black nickel-64 in the bottle is completely dissolved, the reaction is over, stop heating and fully cool to 20-30°C, add 275 mg of ammonium sulfate, and shake to dissolve;

[0071] Step 2.3, after the ammonium sulfate is completely dissolved, use a pipette to slowly drip ammonia water along the wall of the flask to neutralize the sulfuric acid, keep the temperature at 20-30°C, stop adding ammonia water when the edge of the liquid in the bottle turns blue, shake the flask to allow the ammonia water and sulfuric acid in the edge area to fully react, and continue to add ammonia water and continue shaking when the blue turns light yellow again;

[0072] Step 2.4, when the solution turns dark blue, stop adding ammonia water, at this time the amount of ammonia water added is about 1500 mg, then transfer the dark blue mixed solution in the flask to a centrifuge tube, add 2 ml of pure water to clean the flask wall, and transfer the obtained washing solution to the centrifuge tube, and repeat the washing operation twice; then add a small amount of pure water to the centrifuge tube to make up the volume until a total volume of 26 ml of solution is obtained, that is, a nickel plating solution;

[0073] Step 3, electroplating to prepare a nickel-64 solid nuclear target, the specific method is: add the prepared nickel plating solution into the electroplating tank, connect the plating solution circulation pipeline, use the target holder with a mass of 11.5069g after cleaning and drying as the cathode, platinum as the anode, connect the cathode and the anode to the electroplating solution, and connect the power supply; divide the reaction period into the following three periods and use different current densities and plating solution (i.e., nickel plating solution) circulation frequencies: in the initial stage of the reaction, the current output is 20mA, so that the current density is 1.2-1.4A / dm 2 The plating solution circulation frequency is 0-5 times / hour, and the duration is 1.5h; in the middle of the reaction, the current output is 10mA, making the current density 0.8-1.2A / dm 2 The plating solution circulation frequency is 8 times / hour for 10 hours; at the end of the reaction, the current output is 8mA, making the current density between 0.5-0.8A / dm 2 The plating solution circulation frequency is 12 times / hour, and the duration is 10 hours. After the electroplating is completed, the nickel-64 solid nuclear target is obtained after deionized water washing and drying. The surface of the target material is as follows Figure 3 As shown, the whole is smooth and flat with a small amount of pinhole defects, but the bonding strength is good and there is no slag falling. The nickel-64 solid nuclear target weighs 11.6110g, of which the mass of the nickel-64 target material is 104.1mg. The raw material utilization efficiency of nickel is calculated to be 94.1%, which is much higher than the raw material utilization efficiency of the traditional method.

[0074] like Figure 4 As shown, the nickel-64 solid nuclear target prepared by the traditional method of constant 20mA current output and constant 20min / time plating solution circulation frequency has many burrs on the surface of the target material with insufficient bonding force, and black debris is easily dropped, so it cannot be used for proton bombardment of nickel-64 solid nuclear target to produce the nuclide nickel-64.

[0075] The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not limitations of the technical solutions of the present invention. Any technical solution that can be implemented on the basis of the above embodiments without creative work should be deemed to fall within the scope of protection of the patent of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-precision controlled nickel-64 solid nuclear target electroplating preparation method, comprising: Step 1, calculating the mass of the elemental nickel raw material, step 2, preparing a nickel plating solution, step 3, preparing a nickel-64 solid nuclear target by electroplating, characterized in that: step 1 includes the following steps: Step 1.1, using an accelerator to inject accelerated protons vertically into single-substance solid nickel, or, the incident direction of the protons forms an angle ф with the incident side surface of the single-substance solid nickel, and the ionization energy loss curve of the protons in the single-substance solid nickel is calculated based on the density of the single-substance nickel and the relative atomic mass of nickel-64; Step 1.2: Integrate the ionization energy loss curve to obtain the energy loss integral curve and substitute it into 64 Ni(p,n) 64 The reaction threshold energy of Cu is obtained by querying the energy loss integral curve to obtain the vertical depth D of protons injected into the single solid nickel when the energy decays below the reaction threshold energy. Ni-64 , if the protons in step 1 are injected vertically into the elemental solid nickel, then D Ni-64 is the range R of the proton. If the incident direction of the proton in step 1 has an angle ф with the incident side surface of the single solid nickel, then D Ni-64 =R×sinф, directly obtained from the energy loss integral curve; Step 1.3: Calculate the target surface density σ of the nickel-64 solid core target to be prepared by the following formula: Ni-64 : s Ni-64 =D Ni-64 ×r Ni-nat , Among them, ρ Ni-nat It represents the density of elemental nickel; Step 1.4: Calculate the mass m of the elemental nickel raw material using the following formula: m=σ Ni-64 ×s, Wherein, s represents the target support plating area of ​​the nickel-64 solid nuclear target to be prepared.

2. The method for preparing a nickel-64 solid nuclear target by electroplating with high precision control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step 2 comprises the following steps: Step 2.1, adding nickel-64 with an abundance greater than 98% to a 4-6 mol / L sulfuric acid solution, the molar ratio of nickel to sulfuric acid being 1:(15-20), and the reaction temperature being 220-250°C; Step 2.2, after the reaction is completed, add ammonium sulfate, the molar ratio of nickel to ammonium sulfate is 1: (1-4), and the reaction temperature is 20-30°C; Step 2.3, after ammonium sulfate is completely dissolved, add ammonia water, the molar ratio of nickel to ammonia water is 1: (60-80), and the reaction temperature is 20-30°C; Step 2.4: After the solution turns dark blue, add pure water to make up the volume. The concentration of the solution after the volume is 0.1-0.2 mol / L and the pH is 7-10, thus obtaining a nickel plating solution.

3. The method for preparing a nickel-64 solid nuclear target by electroplating with high precision control according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method of step 3 is as follows: add the nickel plating solution into the electroplating tank, use the target holder as the cathode and platinum as the anode, place the cathode and the anode in the electroplating solution, connect the power supply, and divide the reaction period into the following three periods and use different current densities and plating solution circulation frequencies: in the initial stage of the reaction, that is, 1-2 hours after the reaction starts, the current density is 1.2-1.4A / dm 2 The plating solution circulation frequency is 0-5 times / hour; in the middle stage of the reaction, that is, 8-12 hours after the initial reaction, the current density is 0.8-1.2A / dm 2 The plating solution circulation frequency is 5-10 times / hour; at the end of the reaction, that is, 8-12 hours after the middle of the reaction, the current density is 0.5-0.8A / dm 2 The plating solution circulation frequency is 10-15 times / hour; after the electroplating is completed, a nickel-64 solid nuclear target is obtained.

4. The method for preparing a nickel-64 solid nuclear target by electroplating with high precision control according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: In step 1.1, the formula used to calculate the ionization energy loss curve of protons in single-substance solid nickel is as follows: Among them, m is the rest mass of the electron 9.109 38215×10-31kg, μ is the rest energy of the electron 0.511006MeV, β is the relative speed of the proton, δ is the correction term for the density effect, Z is the atomic number of nickel, which is 28, and z 2 is the charge of the proton, which is 1, ρ is the density of the elemental nickel raw material, M A is the relative atomic mass of nickel-64, I is the average excitation energy of nickel atoms I=I0Z, I0=10eV, is the shell correction term, K1 is a constant, which is 0.1536 MeV·cm 2 ·mol -1 , E is the incident proton energy, which is 10.5 MeV, MeV is the unit of electron volts, and R is the range of the proton; Combining equation (1) and equation (2), we can obtain the ionization energy loss curve of protons in single solid nickel.

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