Method for germinating seeds of turtles in rubber forest and application

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for germinating tortoise seeds in a rubber forest and application of the tortoise seeds. The method comprises the following steps: preparing an auxin seed soaking solution by adopting 14-hydroxycymbopogon, red and indavid wettable powder; soaking the stephania erecta seeds in the auxin seed soaking solution, and drying in the shade; selecting a rubber forest as a test area, and ridging under the rubber forest; the stephania erecta seeds which are soaked and dried in the shade are sown on the ridge surfaces and covered with a water-retaining substrate for germination, and the substrate is kept wet. According to the scheme provided by the invention, the germination rate of the stephania erecta seeds can reach 90.00%, the operation is simple, the environment requirement is extensive, the cost is low, the stephania erecta seed germination method is extremely easy to popularize and apply in farmer households, the breeding speed of seedlings can be effectively increased, and the stephania erecta seed germination method has promotion significance on protection of wild germplasm resources and industrial development.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of mountain turtle planting, and in particular to a method and application of mountain turtle seed germination under rubber forests. Background Art

[0002] Mountain turtle is a perennial root vine plant of the genus Stephania of the family Menispermaceae. It is a general term for plant groups with pharmaceutical value and traditional commonly used medicinal materials. It is mainly distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of Asia and Africa, and a few are produced in Oceania. There are 39 species and 1 variant in my country, which are produced in the Yangtze River Basin and the provinces and regions to the south, with the most species in Yunnan and Guangxi. Plants of this genus are rich in alkaloids, among which L-tetrahydropalmatine, L-bicuculline, stephania and tetrandrine are all pharmaceutical raw materials. The tubers of some species such as stephania, golden thread hanging turtle and ground stagnation are traditional Chinese medicinal materials.

[0003] It is recorded in many ancient books such as "Haiyao Bencao" and "Zhenglei Bencao" that the root tubers of mountain turtles have the effects of clearing heat and disinfection, dispersing blood stasis and reducing swelling, and are used to treat gastric and duodenal ulcer pain, upper respiratory tract infection, acute gastroenteritis, toothache, bacillary dysentery, neuralgia, carbuncle swelling, bruises and pain, etc. The tetrahydrobamatin contained in the tubers is one of the main sources for the production of cranial pain medication. Compared with existing narcotic analgesics, it is not addictive. Moreover, in May 2022, my country's scientific research team discovered that cephalothin can prevent the proliferation and spread of the new coronavirus, and was granted a national invention patent for the new coronavirus treatment drug. Afterwards, American scholars also published a paper in "Science" to confirm that the test data of cephalothin among the 26 drugs they studied showed that the effect was obvious, and it was better than remdesivir and parovir, which have been approved for marketing.

[0004] Most traditional methods use the tubers of mountain tortoises for artificial cutting and cutting propagation, which is slow and extremely susceptible to disease. Using the tissues, organs or cells separated from mountain tortoises for tissue culture is also an effective propagation method, but the technical conditions of tissue culture are strict and cannot be achieved by ordinary growers. As far as the current situation is concerned, there are great limitations in the promotion and application. The mature seed embryos of mountain tortoises are fully differentiated, which is a prerequisite for a high germination rate, but the seed coat of mountain tortoises is hard, the seeds are difficult to germinate, there are certain physical dormancy characteristics, and the germination rate is low; in the related technology, mechanical scratching, friction treatment, sulfuric acid soaking and other methods can effectively release the dormancy of seeds, but the seed quantity is large and the seed particle size is small, and the efficiency of mechanical scratching and friction treatment is very low, which cannot meet the requirements of production and reproduction; sulfuric acid is a controlled hazardous chemical, and its use has certain risks, and it is generally not available to units and individuals, so it is difficult to promote and apply; in the related technology, mountain tortoise seeds are used for culture medium to obtain mountain tortoise seedlings, but the use of culture medium to obtain mountain tortoise seedlings is also strict for ordinary growers, and there are great limitations.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a kind of mountain turtle seed germination rate high and easy to operate, convenient for popularization and application among ordinary growers. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve or partially solve the problems existing in the related technology, the present application provides a method and application of germination of mountain turtle seeds in rubber forests. The method can make the germination rate of mountain turtle seeds as high as 90.00%, which is very easy to promote and apply among growers, and has promoting significance for the protection of wild germplasm resources and the development of the industry.

[0007] The present application provides a method for germinating seeds of a rubber forest turtle, comprising the following steps:

[0008] 1) Soak the seeds of the mountain tortoise in an auxin soaking solution and then dry them in the shade for 12-16 hours;

[0009] The total active ingredient content of 14-hydroxyindole, erythrorhizium, indole, and ethyl wettable powder in the auxin seed soaking solution is 0.136%; the mass percentage of the auxin seed soaking solution is 1:5000 times liquid;

[0010] 2) Select a rubber forest as the test area and build ridges under the rubber forest; sow the soaked and shade-dried mountain tortoise seeds on the ridges, cover them with a water-retaining matrix for germination, and keep the matrix moist.

[0011] Optionally, in step 2), the rubber forest has a slope of 0-15 degrees, loose soil, and is placed under a shade net with a shading degree of 40%-85% or under a forest with scattered light, avoiding direct sunlight exposure.

[0012] Optionally, in step 2), the ridges are 80-200 cm wide and 5-20 cm high.

[0013] Optionally, in step 2), the sowing distance is 5 cm.

[0014] Optionally, the water-retaining substrate in step 2) is humus or sawdust.

[0015] Optionally, in step 2), the matrix includes soil and water-retaining matrix in rubber forest land.

[0016] Optionally, in step 2), the substrate humidity is 40%-50%.

[0017] This application requires that the substrate humidity be maintained at 40%-50% before the mountain tortoise seeds germinate. If the humidity is too high and the seeds are soaked for a long time, the seeds will become necrotic, and if the humidity is too low, there will be insufficient moisture.

[0018] Optionally, in step 1), the seeds of the Chinese tortoise shell are submerged seeds.

[0019] The present application sows the seeds of the mountain tortoise under the rubber forest, making full use of the acidic soil (pH 4-5) of the rubber forest to soften the seed coat of the mountain tortoise seeds, accelerate the absorption of water and nutrients, and promote germination.

[0020] Beneficial Effects

[0021] 1) The present application prepares an auxin seed soaking solution by using 14-hydroxyindole-1-butylene wettable powder with a total active ingredient content of 0.136%, and the mass percentage of the auxin seed soaking solution is 1:5000 times. The mountain turtle seeds are soaked in the auxin seed soaking solution for 12 hours, and after drying in the shade, the mountain turtle seeds are sown on the ridge surface of the rubber forest, so that the germination rate of the mountain turtle seeds is as high as 90.00%.

[0022] 2) The method of the present application not only improves the land utilization rate of rubber forests and increases the economic output benefits per unit area, but also has simple operation, extensive environmental requirements, and low cost. It is very easy to promote and apply among growers, and can effectively accelerate the reproduction speed of seedlings. It has a promoting significance for the protection of wild germplasm resources and the development of the industry.

[0023] It should be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present application will become more apparent through a more detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals generally represent the same components in the exemplary embodiments of the present application.

[0025] Figure 1 This application shows a schematic diagram of the growth of mountain tortoise seeds sown on the ridge surface of a rubber forest. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although the embodiments of the present application are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present application can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to make the present application more thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of the present application to those skilled in the art.

[0027] For the sake of clarity, the following is a detailed description through the following Example 1 and Comparative Examples. Unless otherwise specified, the test materials and reagents used in the following Example 1 and Comparative Examples are purchased from the market.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] A method for germinating seeds of rubber forest turtles, comprising the following steps:

[0030] 1) In April-May and August-October, harvest mature seeds with red peels at the mother seed base of Yunnan Tropical Crops Science Research Institute; scrub the peels clean, then spread the seeds in a permeable sieve, place in a ventilated and cool place to filter the water, avoid direct sunlight; after the seeds are dried in the shade, put them in a breathable storage bag or net basket, store them in a cool and ventilated place, avoid direct sunlight;

[0031] The seeds of the entire growth cycle are harvested, processed and stored according to the above method, and then sown in a centralized manner;

[0032] 2) using 14-hydroxyindole, erythrorhizine, indole, ethyl finished wettable powder with a total active ingredient content of 0.136% to prepare an auxin seed soaking solution; the mass percentage of the auxin seed soaking solution is 1:5000 times liquid;

[0033] 3) In March, when the temperature (average temperature is above 22 degrees) rises, soak the mountain tortoise seeds in step 1) in an auxin soaking solution for soaking. The seeds are required to be full and free of mechanical damage. The soaking time is 12 hours. Remove the floating seeds and place the submerged seeds in a cool and ventilated place to dry in the shade.

[0034] 4) Select a rubber forest with a slope of 10-15 degrees as the test area. The rubber forest requires loose soil, irrigation conditions, and a shade degree of 40%-85%; build ridges under the rubber forest with a width of 120 cm and a height of 5 cm; sow the soaked and shade-dried mountain tortoise seeds on the ridge surface with a sowing spacing of 5 cm; cover with sawdust water-retaining substrate with a thickness of 2 cm, and cover again with rubber tree fallen leaves; lay two sprinkler pipes on the ridge surface, spray once every 2 days to keep the substrate moist, and keep the substrate humidity at 40%-50%.

[0035] 5) Unearth the seeds after about one month of germination, observe the germination and calculate the germination rate.

[0036] Example 2

[0037] A method for germinating seeds of rubber forest turtles, comprising the following steps:

[0038] 1) Harvest mature seeds, i.e. seeds with red peels; scrub the peels clean, then spread the seeds in a water-permeable sieve, place in a ventilated and cool place to drain the water, avoid direct sunlight; after the seeds are dried in the shade, put them in a breathable storage bag or mesh basket, store them in a cool and ventilated place, avoid direct sunlight;

[0039] The seeds of the entire growth cycle are harvested, processed and stored according to the above method, and then sown in a centralized manner;

[0040] 2) using 14-hydroxyindole, erythrorhizine, indole, ethyl finished wettable powder with a total active ingredient content of 0.136% to prepare an auxin seed soaking solution; the mass percentage of the auxin seed soaking solution is 1:5000 times liquid;

[0041] 3) When the temperature rises in March, soak the mountain tortoise seeds in step 1) in an auxin soaking solution for soaking. The seeds are required to be full and free of mechanical damage. The soaking time is 16 hours. Remove the floating seeds and place the submerged seeds in a cool and ventilated place to dry in the shade.

[0042] 4) Select a rubber forest with a slope of 10-15 degrees as the test area. The rubber forest requires loose soil, irrigation conditions, and a shade degree of 40%-85%; build ridges under the rubber forest with a width of 120 cm and a height of 5 cm; sow the soaked and shade-dried mountain tortoise seeds on the ridge surface with a sowing spacing of 5 cm; cover with sawdust water-retaining substrate with a thickness of 2 cm, and cover again with rubber tree fallen leaves; lay two sprinkler pipes on the ridge surface, spray once every 2 days to keep the substrate moist, and keep the substrate humidity at 40%-50%.

[0043] 5) Unearth the seeds after about one month of germination, observe the germination and calculate the germination rate.

[0044] Example 3

[0045] A method for germinating seeds of rubber forest turtles, comprising the following steps:

[0046] 1) In April-May and August-October, harvest mature seeds with red peels at the mother seed base of Yunnan Tropical Crops Science Research Institute; scrub the peels clean, then spread the seeds in a permeable sieve, place in a ventilated and cool place to filter the water, avoid direct sunlight; after the seeds are dried in the shade, put them in a breathable storage bag or net basket, store them in a cool and ventilated place, avoid direct sunlight;

[0047] The seeds of the entire growth cycle are harvested, processed and stored according to the above method, and then sown in a centralized manner;

[0048] 2) using 14-hydroxyindole, erythrorhizine, indole, ethyl finished wettable powder with a total active ingredient content of 0.136% to prepare an auxin seed soaking solution; the mass percentage of the auxin seed soaking solution is 1:5000 times liquid;

[0049] 3) When the temperature rises in March, soak the mountain tortoise seeds in step 1) in an auxin soaking solution for soaking. The seeds are required to be full and free of mechanical damage. The soaking time is 12 hours. Remove the floating seeds and place the submerged seeds in a cool and ventilated place to dry in the shade.

[0050] 4) Select a rubber forest with a slope of 10-15 degrees as the test area. The rubber forest requires loose soil, irrigation conditions, and a shade degree of 40%-85%; build ridges under the rubber forest with a width of 80 cm and a height of 20 cm; sow the mountain tortoise seeds that have been soaked and dried in the shade on the ridge surface with a sowing spacing of 5 cm; cover with a humus water-retaining substrate with a thickness of 2 cm, and cover it again with fallen leaves of rubber trees; lay two sprinkler pipes on the ridge surface, spray once every 2 days to keep the substrate moist, and keep the substrate humidity at 40%-50%.

[0051] 5) Unearth the seeds after about one month of germination, observe the germination and calculate the germination rate.

[0052] Example 4

[0053] A method for germinating seeds of rubber forest turtles, comprising the following steps:

[0054] 1) In April-May and August-October, harvest mature seeds with red peels at the mother seed base of Yunnan Tropical Crops Science Research Institute; scrub the peels clean, then spread the seeds in a permeable sieve, place in a ventilated and cool place to filter the water, avoid direct sunlight; after the seeds are dried in the shade, put them in a breathable storage bag or net basket, store them in a cool and ventilated place, avoid direct sunlight;

[0055] The seeds of the entire growth cycle are harvested, processed and stored according to the above method, and then sown in a centralized manner;

[0056] 2) using 14-hydroxyindole, erythrorhizine, indole, ethyl finished wettable powder with a total active ingredient content of 0.136% to prepare an auxin seed soaking solution; the mass percentage of the auxin seed soaking solution is 1:5000 times liquid;

[0057] 3) When the temperature rises in March, soak the mountain tortoise seeds in step 1) in an auxin soaking solution for soaking. The seeds are required to be full and free of mechanical damage. The soaking time is 12 hours. Remove the floating seeds and place the submerged seeds in a cool and ventilated place to dry in the shade.

[0058] 4) Select a rubber forest with a slope of 10-15 degrees as the test area. The rubber forest requires loose soil, irrigation conditions, and a shade degree of 40%-85%; build ridges under the rubber forest with a width of 200 cm and a height of 20 cm; sow the soaked and shade-dried mountain tortoise seeds on the ridge surface with a sowing spacing of 5 cm; cover with humus water-retaining substrate with a thickness of 2 cm, and cover again with fallen leaves of rubber trees; lay two sprinkler pipes on the ridge surface, spray once every 2 days to keep the substrate moist, and keep the substrate humidity at 40%-50%.

[0059] 5) Unearth the seeds after about one month of germination, observe the germination and calculate the germination rate.

[0060] Comparative Example 1

[0061] The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 is that the soaking time in step 3) is 8 hours.

[0062] Comparative Example 2

[0063] The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 1 is:

[0064] In step 2), the mass percentage of the auxin solution for soaking seeds is 1:2500, and the soaking time is 8h, 12h or 16h respectively.

[0065] Comparative Example 3

[0066] The difference between Comparative Example 3 and Example 1 is that:

[0067] In step 2), the mass percentage of the auxin solution for soaking seeds is 1:7500, and the soaking time is 8h, 12h or 16h respectively.

[0068] Comparative Example 4

[0069] The difference between Comparative Example 4 and Example 1 is that: in step 4), the test area is a test greenhouse, which is required to be rainproof, ventilated, and light-transmitting, with a shading degree of 50%, and the substrate is river sand; the sand bed in the greenhouse is 1.2m wide and the sand is 20cm thick; the sowing depth in the test greenhouse is 5cm.

[0070] In Comparative Example 4, the soaking time was 8 h, 12 h or 16 h.

[0071] Comparative Example 5

[0072] The difference between Comparative Example 5 and Example 1 is that in step 2), the finished wettable powder of 14-hydroxybrassinolide is not used to prepare the auxin seed soaking solution, but a single 14-hydroxybrassinolide sterol is used to prepare the auxin seed soaking solution, and the content of 14-hydroxybrassinolide sterol is 0.136%.

[0073] Comparative Example 6

[0074] The difference between Comparative Example 6 and Example 1 is that in step 2), the finished wettable powder of 14-hydroxyindole-3-nitropropene is not used to prepare the auxin seed soaking solution, but a single gibberellin is used to prepare the auxin seed soaking solution, and the gibberellin content is 0.136%.

[0075] Comparative Example 7

[0076] The difference between Comparative Example 7 and Example 1 is that in step 2), the finished wettable powder of 14-hydroxyindoleacetic acid is not used to prepare the auxin seed soaking solution, but a single indoleacetic acid is used to prepare the auxin seed soaking solution, and the indoleacetic acid content is 0.136%.

[0077] The test results of Example 1, Example 2 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 are shown in Table 1.

[0078] Table 1 Comparison of germination rate at different soaking concentrations and soaking times

[0079]

[0080]

[0081] The test results of Example 1, Example 2, Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 8 are shown in Table 2.

[0082] Table 2 Comparison of germination rate with different seedling medium under the same soaking concentration and soaking time

[0083]

[0084] The test results of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 5 to 7 are shown in Table 3.

[0085] Table 3 Comparison of germination rate of seeds soaked with different growth hormones

[0086] Seed soaking solution concentration (%) Seed soaking time (h) Average number of germination (grains) Average germination rate (%) 14-Hydroxyindole, erythrin, indole, ethyl finished wettable powder 12 26 86.67 14-Hydroxybrassinosteroid 12 21 70.00 Gibberellins 12 22 73.33 Indoleacetic acid 12 20 66.67

[0087] The experimental results show that among the three concentration gradient auxin solutions in rubber forests (Table 1), the germination rate was the highest in the solution concentration gradient of 1:5000 times by mass, with a germination rate of 90.00% after soaking for 12 hours and 83.33% after soaking for 16 hours; secondly, in the solution concentration gradient of 1:7500 times by mass, the germination rate was 53.33% after soaking for 12 hours, and in the solution concentration gradient of 1:2500 times by mass, the germination rate was 50.00% after soaking for 12 hours; among the three concentration gradients, the germination rate of soaking for 8 hours was the lowest.

[0088] In the comparison test with the same seed soaking concentration and soaking time and different seedling substrates (Table 2), the germination rate of seeds soaked for 8 hours in rubber forest was lower than that in river sand, but the germination rate of river sand was only 46.67%. The germination rate of river sand after soaking for 12 hours and 16 hours was lower than that in rubber forest, which were 76.67% and 66.67% respectively.

[0089] As shown in Table 3, the average germination rate of the finished wettable powder auxin solution of 14-hydroxybrassinosteroid, gibberellin and indoleacetic acid in Example 1 was 86.67%, while the average germination rates of other auxin solutions, 14-hydroxybrassinosteroid, gibberellin and indoleacetic acid, were only 70.00%, 73.33% and 66.67%, respectively. It can be seen that the germination rate of mountain turtle seeds using other auxin solutions is low.

[0090] The embodiments of the present application have been described above, and the above description is exemplary, not exhaustive, and is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and changes will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The selection of terms used herein is intended to best explain the principles of the embodiments, practical applications, or improvements to the technology in the market, or to enable other persons of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for germinating seeds of turtles in rubber forests, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: 1) Soak the seeds of the mountain tortoise in an auxin soaking solution and then dry them in the shade. The soaking time is 12-16 hours; The total active ingredient content of 14-hydroxyindole, erythrorhizium, indole, and ethyl wettable powder in the auxin seed soaking solution is 0.136%; the mass percentage of the auxin seed soaking solution is 1:5000 times liquid; 2) Select a rubber forest as the test area and build ridges under the rubber forest; sow the soaked and shade-dried mountain tortoise seeds on the ridges, cover them with a water-retaining matrix for germination, and keep the matrix moist.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In the step 2), the slope of the rubber forest is 0-15 degrees, the soil is loose, and the shading degree is 40%-85%.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In the step 2), the ridges are 80-200 cm wide and 5-20 cm high.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 2), the sowing distance is 5 cm.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In the step 2), the water-retaining substrate is humus or sawdust.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In the step 2), the matrix includes soil and water-retaining matrix in the rubber forest.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that In the step 2), the substrate humidity is 40%-50%.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In the step 1), the seeds of the Chinese tortoise shell are submerged seeds.

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