Method for improving seed production yield of new early-maturing corn variety Xinyu 102

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for improving the seed production yield of a new early-maturing corn variety Xinyu 102, the combination of the Xinyu 102 is Xinyu 3194 * Xinyu 351, the Xinyu 3194 * Xinyu 3884 is used for improving a female parent, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, analyzing the character of the female parent Xinyu 3194 and determining an improvement target: performing comprehensive agronomic character evaluation on the female parent Xinyu 3194; yield limiting factors and key characters needing to be improved are defined. According to the method, the structural design is reasonable, the donor material Xinjiang 3884 with the target character and the female parent Xinjiang 3194 are hybridized by determining the yield limiting factor and the key character needing to be improved of the female parent Xinjiang 3194, and the yield of the female parent Xinjiang 3194 is obtained through backcross and multi-generation selfing in combination with the molecular marker-assisted selection technology. Seven inbred lines with phenotypic characters similar to those of the female parent Xinjiang 3194 and excellent performance are bred as female parents and are respectively hybridized with the male parent Xinjiang 351, so that excellent genes of the parents are integrated, and the high and stable yield of the corn is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of corn planting, and in particular to a method for improving the seed production yield of a new early-maturing corn variety, Xinyu No. 102. Background Art

[0002] Corn is an annual herbaceous plant of the genus Zea in the family Poaceae. Corn is an annual monoecious cross-pollinating plant with tall plants and strong stems. It is an important food crop and feed crop, and is also the crop with the highest total output in the world. Its planting area and total output are second only to rice and wheat. Corn has always been praised as a longevity food. It is rich in protein, fat, vitamins, trace elements, cellulose, etc., and has great potential for the development of high-nutrition and high-biological functional foods.

[0003] Xinyu 102 is a new early-maturing corn variety approved by the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Variety Approval Committee, with an approval number of Xinshenyu 2017 No. 26. This variety was jointly bred by the Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Institute of Grain Crops and Jiushenghe Seed Co., Ltd. Xinyu 102 is suitable for planting in the early-maturing areas of southern Xinjiang.

[0004] Corn yield is affected by many factors. In addition to soil conditions, climate conditions, and planting management, it is usually determined by variety characteristics. Genetic factors are basic factors. Excellent varieties have great high-yield potential. For example, some hybrid corn varieties have advantages in yield-related genes and can better achieve high-yield goals. Stress resistance includes disease resistance, insect resistance, drought resistance, and lodging resistance. Varieties such as those resistant to corn borers can reduce losses and ensure yields when pests occur. Therefore, having excellent genes and stress resistance can increase corn seed production yields. To this end, we proposed a method to increase the seed production yield of a new early-maturing corn variety, Xinyu 102. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the outstanding problem that the promotion speed of new varieties and the economic benefits of enterprises are affected by the low seed production yield of Xinyu No. 102 during the promotion process, and a method for improving the seed production yield of the early-maturing new corn variety Xinyu 102 is proposed. The method effectively integrates the excellent genes of both parents, ensures the high and stable yield of corn, and gives full play to the hybrid advantages in terms of yield, quality, stress resistance, etc., providing a practical technical solution for high-yield corn breeding.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A method for improving the seed production yield of an early-maturing new corn variety Xinyu 102, wherein the combination formula of Xinyu 102 is Xinzi 3194×Xinzi 351, and the female parent is improved by using Xinzi 3194×Xinzi 3884, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1. Analysis of the traits of the female parent Xinzi 3194 and determination of improvement targets: Conduct a comprehensive agronomic trait evaluation of the female parent Xinzi 3194, including plant height, ear position, ear traits, grain quality, stress resistance and growth period, and identify its yield limiting factors and key traits that need to be improved;

[0009] S2. Improvement of the female parent Xinzi 3194: hybridize the donor material Xinzi 3884 with the target trait with the female parent Xinzi 3194 to obtain the F1 generation, and make the F1 generation backcross the female parent Xinzi 3194, and then self-pollinate for 7 generations, and combine the molecular marker-assisted selection technology to quickly and accurately screen out the improved individuals containing the target gene and with a background highly similar to the female parent Xinzi 3194, fix the excellent traits, and select 7 inbred lines Xinzi 4401, Xinzi 4402, Xinzi 4403, Xinzi 4404, Xinzi 4405, Xinzi 4406, and Xinzi 4407 with similar phenotypic traits to the female parent Xinzi 3194 and excellent performance;

[0010] S3. Selection and preparation of the male parent Xinzi 351: The male parent Xinzi 351 should have high combining ability and outstanding performance in yield components. At the same time, it should be able to provide excellent gene combinations for hybrid offspring in terms of stress resistance and enhance hybrid vigor;

[0011] S4. Optimization of hybrid combinations: The improved inbred lines Xinzi 4401, Xinzi 4402, Xinzi 4403, Xinzi 4404, Xinzi 4405, Xinzi 4406 and Xinzi 4407 were hybridized with the male parent Xinzi 351 to obtain Xinzi 4401×Xinzi 351, Xinzi 4402×Xinzi 351, Xinzi 4403×Xinzi 351, Xinzi 4404×Xinzi 351, Xinzi 4405×Xinzi 351, Xinzi 4406×Xinzi 351 and Xinzi 4407×Xinzi 351;

[0012] S5. Identification and screening: Xinzi 4401×Xinzi 351, Xinzi 4402×Xinzi 351, Xinzi 4403×Xinzi 351, Xinzi 4404×Xinzi 351, Xinzi 4405×Xinzi 351, Xinzi 4406×Xinzi 351, Xinzi 4407×Xinzi 351 and the original hybrid Xinzi 3194×Xinzi 351 were tested and identified at two locations simultaneously, with two replicates. During the test, the growth and development conditions were observed and recorded in detail, including the growth potential, plant height, dynamic changes in stem diameter at the seedling stage, and the performance at each stage of the growth period. The yield components were determined in particular, and the yield was calculated. Based on the test data, the hybrid combinations were comprehensively evaluated and selected, and replaced the mother parent Xinzi 3194.

[0013] Preferably, in S2, the donor material Xinzi 3884 and the mother material Xinzi 3194 are in the same hybrid advantage group.

[0014] Preferably, in said S2, during the 7th generation of self-pollination, when the corn grows to the 3rd leaf stage, leaves are sampled, and the SSR molecular marker-assisted selection technology is used to screen out improved individuals containing the target gene and having a background highly similar to that of the mother parent Xinzi 3194.

[0015] Preferably, in S3, the paternal Xinzi 351 is purified through multiple generations, so that the excellent genes of the paternal Xinzi 351 can be fully expressed and stably inherited.

[0016] Preferably, in S4, artificial emasculation and pollination operations are performed during the hybridization of the inbred lines Xinzi 4401, Xinzi 4402, Xinzi 4403, Xinzi 4404, Xinzi 4405, Xinzi 4406 and Xinzi 4407 with the male parent Xinzi 351.

[0017] Preferably, in S5, the yield components are mainly measured, such as ear length, ear diameter, bald tip length, number of rows, number of grains per row, and thousand-grain weight.

[0018] Preferably, in S5, new self 4406 or new self 4407 is selected to replace the parent new self 3194.

[0019] Preferably, in S2, S4 and S5, conventional management is performed on the seeds during their growth, such as fertilizing, watering, and pest and disease control.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] By clarifying the yield limiting factors and key traits that need to be improved of the female parent Xinzi 3194, the donor material Xinzi 3884 with the target traits was hybridized with the female parent Xinzi 3194, and through backcrossing and multi-generation selfing, combined with molecular marker-assisted selection technology, the improved individuals containing the target gene and with a background highly similar to the female parent Xinzi 3194 were quickly and accurately screened out, the excellent traits were fixed, and 7 inbred lines with similar phenotypic traits to the female parent Xinzi 3194 and excellent performance were selected as the female parents for hybridization with the male parent Xinzi 351. This seed production method effectively integrates the excellent genes of the two parents, gives full play to the hybrid advantages in yield, quality, stress resistance, etc., ensures high and stable yield of corn, and provides a practical technical solution for high-yield corn breeding. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 The present invention provides a flow chart of a method for improving the seed yield of a new early-maturing corn variety, Xinyu 102. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0024] Reference Figure 1 , a method for improving the seed production yield of the early-maturing new corn variety Xinyu 102, wherein the combination of Xinyu 102 is Xinzi 3194×Xinzi 351, and the female parent is improved by Xinzi 3194×Xinzi 3884, wherein the donor material Xinzi 3884 and the female parent Xinzi 3194 are in the same heterosis group, and the corn heterosis group is a group artificially divided according to breeding needs, and has the characteristics of broad genetic basis, rich genetic variation, many favorable genes, high general combining ability, and excellent species. It can produce strong superior hybrids, improve breeding efficiency, reduce blindness, help to reasonably select parents for group synthesis and improvement, enrich the genetic diversity of germplasm resources, and provide a basis for the continuous selection of excellent inbred lines and hybrids.

[0025] The method for increasing the seed production yield of the early-maturing new corn variety Xinyu 102 comprises the following steps:

[0026] S1. Analysis of the traits of the female parent Xinzi 3194 and determination of improvement targets: Conduct a comprehensive agronomic trait evaluation of the female parent Xinzi 3194, including plant height, ear position, ear traits (such as length, thickness, number of rows, number of grains per row, bald tip), grain quality (bulk density, protein content, etc.), stress resistance (disease resistance, insect resistance, drought and waterlogging resistance, etc.) and growth period, and identify its yield limiting factors and key traits that need to be improved. For example, if the female parent Xinzi 3194 has thin ears and few grains per row, then increasing the ear thickness and the number of grains per row are important improvement targets;

[0027] S2. Improvement of the female parent Xinzi 3194: The donor material Xinzi 3884 with target traits (such as large cobs and multiple rows of kernels) was hybridized with the female parent Xinzi 3194 to obtain the F1 generation, and the F1 generation was backcrossed with the female parent Xinzi 3194. After 7 generations of self-pollination, the leaves were sampled when the corn grew to the 3-leaf stage. Combined with the SSR molecular marker-assisted selection technology, the improved individuals containing the target gene and with a background highly similar to the female parent Xinzi 3194 were quickly and accurately screened, and the excellent traits were fixed. During the seed growth period, routine management was performed on the seeds, such as fertilization, watering, and pest and disease control. Seven inbred lines Xinzi 4401, Xinzi 4402, Xinzi 4403, Xinzi 4404, Xinzi 4405, Xinzi 4406, and Xinzi 4407 were selected, which were similar to the female parent Xinzi 3194 in phenotypic traits and performed well.

[0028] S3. Selection and preparation of the male parent Xin Zi 351: The male parent Xin Zi 351 should have high combining ability and outstanding performance in yield components, such as large cobs, multiple rows, high thousand-grain weight, large amount of pollen and good powder dispersion. At the same time, in terms of stress resistance, such as disease resistance (strong resistance to major local corn diseases) and strong lodging resistance, it can provide an excellent gene combination for hybrid offspring, enhance hybrid vigor, and purify the male parent Xin Zi 351 to ensure its genetic purity and stability of excellent traits. Specifically, plants with typical excellent traits can be selected for reproduction through methods such as single plant selection and bagging self-pollination, and hybrid and inferior plants can be eliminated. After multiple generations of purification, the excellent genes of the male parent Xin Zi 351 can be fully expressed and stably inherited, providing high-quality male parent pollen for hybrid seed production;

[0029] S4. Optimization of hybrid combinations: The improved inbred lines Xinzi 4401, Xinzi 4402, Xinzi 4403, Xinzi 4404, Xinzi 4405, Xinzi 4406, and Xinzi 4407 were used as female parents for hybridization with the male parent Xinzi 351 respectively. When the improved inbred lines Xinzi 4401, Xinzi 4402, Xinzi 4403, Xinzi 4404, Xinzi 4405, Xinzi 4406, and Xinzi 4407 and the male parent Xinzi 351 reached the appropriate pollination period, healthy and pest-free plants were selected for artificial emasculation and pollination. Artificial emasculation was performed before the male spike of the improved inbred line was pulled out but before the pollen was shed to ensure thorough emasculation and prevent self-pollination. Pollination was performed before the male parent Xinzi During the peak period of pollen shedding of male ears of Zi351, the pollen of the male parent was evenly fertilized on the female parent ears by artificial bagging pollination. Each female parent ear was pollinated 2-3 times to improve the success rate of pollination and fruit setting. After pollination, the seeds were promptly bagged and marked. During the growth period of seeds, routine management was performed, such as fertilization, watering, and pest control. After the ears matured, the hybrid ears were harvested separately, and the hybrid seeds were preserved after threshing and drying, thereby obtaining Xin Zi 4401×Xin Zi 351, Xin Zi 4402×Xin Zi 351, Xin Zi 4403×Xin Zi 351, Xin Zi 4404×Xin Zi 351, Xin Zi 4405×Xin Zi 351, Xin Zi 4406×Xin Zi 351, and Xin Zi 4407×Xin Zi 351.

[0030] S5. Identification and screening: Xinzi 4401×Xinzi 351, Xinzi 4402×Xinzi 351, Xinzi 4403×Xinzi 351, Xinzi 4404×Xinzi 351, Xinzi 4405×Xinzi 351, Xinzi 4406×Xinzi 351, Xinzi 4407×Xinzi 351 and the original hybrid Xinzi 3194×Xinzi 3884 were tested and identified at two locations simultaneously with two replicates. Routine management was performed on the seeds during their growth period, such as fertilization, watering, and pest and disease control. During the test, the growth and development were observed and recorded in detail, including the growth potential, plant height, and dynamic changes in stem diameter during the seedling stage, as well as the performance at key stages such as tasseling, silking, and maturity. The focus was on determining the yield components, such as ear length, ear diameter, tip length, number of rows, number of kernels per row, 1000-kernel weight, etc., and calculating the yield. Based on the test data, a comprehensive evaluation was conducted on the hybrid combinations to analyze their hybrid vigor in yield, quality, and stress resistance. The hybrid combinations with significantly higher maternal yield than the original maternal yield, excellent quality, and strong stress resistance were selected as superior combinations. Finally, it was found that Xinzi 4406×Xinzi 351 and Xinzi 4407×Xinzi 351 had better yield performance, and the hybrids performed consistently with the original Xinyu 102 (Xinzi 3194×Xinzi 351). Therefore, the maternal Xinzi 3194 was replaced by Xinzi 4406 or Xinzi 4407 to increase corn seed yield.

[0031] The following is a further explanation of the method for increasing the seed yield of the early-maturing new corn variety Xinyu 102 through specific test data:

[0032]

[0033] The above data show that the seven new combinations of Xinzi 4401×Xinzi 351, Xinzi 4402×Xinzi 351, Xinzi 4403×Xinzi 351, Xinzi 4404×Xinzi 351, Xinzi 4405×Xinzi 351, Xinzi 4406×Xinzi 351 and Xinzi 4407×Xinzi 351 have relatively uniform plant growth, with an average plant height of 254 cm, ear height of 106 cm, 19 leaves, a growth period of 102 days, compact plant shape, thick stems, dark green leaves and high photosynthesis efficiency, which lay a good foundation for high yield.

[0034] The average ear length is 18.5cm, the ear diameter is 5.2cm, the bald tip is 0.6cm, there are 16 rows of ears, 34 grains per row, and the 100-grain weight is 29g. Compared with the original hybrid, the ear and grain traits are significantly optimized, the ears are larger and fuller, the number and weight of grains are significantly increased, and the commercial quality and yield potential are greatly improved;

[0035] The average yield per plant reached 170g, the plot yield (66.7㎡) reached 79kg, and the theoretical yield per mu was as high as 790kg, which was 0.26-3.85% higher than the original hybrid. In particular, the new combinations Xinzi 4406×Xinzi 351 and Xinzi 4407×Xinzi 351 increased the yield by 2.82% and 3.85% respectively.

[0036] In terms of disease and pest resistance, the new combinations of Xinzi 4406×Xinzi 351 and Xinzi 4407×Xinzi 351 have level 3 resistance to corn borer, level 1 resistance to large leaf spot, and level 1 resistance to small leaf spot. The comprehensive resistance is significantly better than the original hybrids. Under natural disease conditions in the field, the incidence of diseases and pests in the plants is significantly reduced, the disease index is alleviated, the adverse effects of diseases and pests on corn growth and yield are reduced, and high and stable corn yields are ensured.

[0037] Therefore, the new combinations Xinzi 4401×Xinzi 351, Xinzi 4402×Xinzi 351, Xinzi 4403×Xinzi 351, Xinzi 4404×Xinzi 351, Xinzi 4405×Xinzi 351, Xinzi 4406×Xinzi 351 and Xinzi 4407×Xinzi 351, which were obtained by improving the female parent with Xinzi 3194×Xinzi 3884 and hybridizing with the male parent Xinzi 351, showed significant advantages in yield and resistance, especially Xinzi 4406×Xinzi 351 and Xinzi 4407×Xinzi 351, which had good yield performance and could be used to replace the female parent Xinzi 3194. This seed production method effectively integrated the excellent genes of the parents, gave full play to the hybrid advantage, and provided a practical technical solution for high-yield corn breeding.

[0038]

[0039]

[0040] Comparing the improved mother parent with the original mother parent, the thousand-grain weight of the improved mother parent is significantly higher than that of the original mother parent, and the yield per mu is increased by 110-159 kg, an increase of 36-53%. In particular, when the original mother parent is replaced by Xinzi 4406 and Xinzi 4407, the seed production output can reach more than 450 kg, which is more than 50% higher than the seed production output of the original mother parent, significantly improving the efficiency of seed production enterprises and reducing production costs.

[0041] Therefore, it was finally decided to use Xinzi 4406 or Xinzi 4407 instead of the original female parent Xinzi 3194 for the production of Xinyu 102 hybrid corn seeds.

[0042] The specific cultivation and management process of replacing the female parent Xinzi 3194 with Xinzi 4406 or Xinzi 4407 to increase the yield of corn seed production is as follows:

[0043] Site selection and land preparation: Select plots with fertile soil, flat terrain, convenient irrigation and drainage, and deep soil as seed production bases. Perform fine land preparation before sowing, plow 25-30 cm deep, break the bottom layer of the plow, make the soil loose and breathable, and allow the corn roots to extend into the lower layer to absorb more water and nutrients; combine land preparation with sufficient base fertilizer, apply 2000-3000 kg of high-quality decomposed farmyard manure and 30-40 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer per mu to provide sufficient nutrients and a good soil environment for corn growth;

[0044] Reasonable close planting: Determine the appropriate planting density based on the plant type characteristics and growth habits of the hybrid combination, plant 6,000-7,000 plants per mu, ensure good field ventilation and light transmission, coordinate the development of individual plants and groups, make full use of land resources and light conditions, and improve photosynthetic efficiency and yield;

[0045] Precision fertilization: During the growth of corn, precision fertilization should be carried out according to different growth stages. Lightly apply fertilizer for seedling promotion in the seedling stage, 5-10 kg of urea per mu, to promote the strong growth of seedlings; heavily apply fertilizer for stalk and ear attack from the jointing stage to the large trumpet stage, 15-20 kg of urea and 10-15 kg of potassium chloride per mu to meet the large demand for nutrients for the rapid growth of corn stems and leaves and the differentiation of female and male ears; apply granular fertilizer in the filling stage, 5-8 kg of urea per mu to prevent premature senescence of leaves, improve the efficiency of transporting photosynthetic products to grains, and increase grain weight. At the same time, according to the growth of corn and soil fertility, timely foliar topdressing should be carried out to supplement trace elements, such as boron and zinc, to improve the fruit setting rate and quality of corn;

[0046] Scientific irrigation: Develop a scientific irrigation plan based on the water demand of corn and local precipitation conditions. During the sowing period, if the soil moisture is insufficient, water should be applied in time to ensure that the seeds germinate smoothly; during the seedling stage, water should be properly controlled to promote rooting and enhance the drought resistance of the plant; from the jointing stage to the tasseling stage, corn grows rapidly and requires a large amount of water. The soil should be kept moist, and the soil moisture content should be maintained at 70%-80% of the field water holding capacity. Irrigation should be carried out in time when there is a shortage of water; from the tasseling stage to the filling stage is the critical period for corn to require water. It is sensitive to water, and sufficient water supply should be ensured to avoid drought-induced yield reductions, and water accumulation in the field should be avoided; in the late filling stage, the amount of irrigation should be appropriately reduced to prevent greed for green, late maturity, and lodging. In terms of irrigation methods, water-saving irrigation technologies such as drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation can not only meet the water demand for corn growth, but also save water and improve the efficiency of water resource utilization.

[0047] Pest and disease control: follow the plant protection policy of "prevention first, integrated prevention and control" and strengthen the monitoring and early warning of field pests and diseases. Before sowing, coat the seeds and use seed dressing agents containing fungicides and insecticides to prevent underground pests and seedling diseases; during the growth period of corn, regularly inspect the fields to promptly detect signs of pests and diseases. For pests such as corn borers and aphids, biological control methods can be used, such as releasing natural enemy insects such as trichogrammatids and predatory mites, or using sex attractants to trap adult insects to reduce the number of pest populations; chemical control can also be combined. In the early stage of pest occurrence, high-efficiency, low-toxic, and low-residue pesticides can be used for spray control, such as Bacillus thuringiensis and imidacloprid. For diseases such as corn leaf spot, small leaf spot, and rust, it is necessary to strengthen cultivation management, reasonably densely plant, increase the application of organic fertilizers, and drain water in time to enhance the disease resistance of plants; in the early stage of the disease, fungicides such as carbendazim, mancozeb, and tebuconazole should be sprayed in time to control the spread of the disease. At the same time, attention should be paid to the rotation use and safe interval period of pesticides to ensure the quality and safety of agricultural products.

[0048] Flowering period control: By observing the growth and development process of the female parent Xinzi 4406, Xinzi 4407 and the male parent Xinzi 351, combined with indicators such as accumulated temperature and leaf age index, the flowering period of the parents can be accurately predicted. Starting from the seedling stage, the leaf growth of the parents, the differentiation process of the growth cone, etc. are regularly recorded to establish a growth and development model, and the time of the tasseling period and the silking period is estimated, so as to timely discover the problem of flowering period failure;

[0049] If it is predicted that the flowering period of the female parent Xin Zi 4406, Xin Zi 4407 and the male parent Xin Zi 351 will not meet, corresponding adjustment measures should be taken. If the male parent Xin Zi 351 blooms late, measures such as increasing phosphorus and potassium fertilizers and spraying plant growth regulators (such as gibberellins) can be taken for the male parent to promote its growth and development and advance the flowering period; at the same time, the fertilizer and water of the female parent Xin Zi 4406 and Xin Zi 4407 can be properly controlled to inhibit their growth rate and delay the flowering period. On the contrary, if the female parent Xin Zi 4406 and Xin Zi 4407 bloom late, promotion measures should be taken for the female parent and control measures should be taken for the male parent. In the critical period when the flowering period meets, such as the female parent's silking period and the male parent's tasseling period, close attention should be paid to weather changes. In case of adverse weather such as high temperature, drought, and strong winds, artificial assisted pollination measures should be taken in time to increase the fruiting rate and ensure seed production.

[0050] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for increasing the seed yield of a new early-maturing corn variety, Xinyu 102, characterized in that: The combination of Xinyu No. 102 is Xinzi 3194×Xinzi 351, and the mother parent is improved by using Xinzi 3194×Xinzi 3884, which includes the following steps: S1. Analysis of the traits of the female parent Xinzi 3194 and determination of improvement targets: Conduct a comprehensive agronomic trait evaluation of the female parent Xinzi 3194, including plant height, ear position, ear traits, grain quality, stress resistance and growth period, and identify its yield limiting factors and key traits that need to be improved; S2. Improvement of the female parent Xinzi 3194: hybridize the donor material Xinzi 3884 with the target trait with the female parent Xinzi 3194 to obtain the F1 generation, and make the F1 generation backcross the female parent Xinzi 3194, and then self-pollinate for 7 generations, and combine the molecular marker-assisted selection technology to quickly and accurately screen out the improved individuals containing the target gene and with a background highly similar to the female parent Xinzi 3194, fix the excellent traits, and select 7 inbred lines Xinzi 4401, Xinzi 4402, Xinzi 4403, Xinzi 4404, Xinzi 4405, Xinzi 4406, and Xinzi 4407 with similar phenotypic traits to the female parent Xinzi 3194 and excellent performance; S3. Selection and preparation of the male parent Xinzi 351: The male parent Xinzi 351 should have high combining ability and outstanding performance in yield components. At the same time, it should be able to provide excellent gene combinations for hybrid offspring in terms of stress resistance and enhance hybrid vigor; S4. Optimization of hybrid combinations: The improved inbred lines Xinzi 4401, Xinzi 4402, Xinzi 4403, Xinzi 4404, Xinzi 4405, Xinzi 4406 and Xinzi 4407 were hybridized with the male parent Xinzi 351 to obtain Xinzi 4401×Xinzi 351, Xinzi 4402×Xinzi 351, Xinzi 4403×Xinzi 351, Xinzi 4404×Xinzi 351, Xinzi 4405×Xinzi 351, Xinzi 4406×Xinzi 351 and Xinzi 4407×Xinzi 351; S5. Identification and screening: Xinzi 4401×Xinzi 351, Xinzi 4402×Xinzi 351, Xinzi 4403×Xinzi 351, Xinzi 4404×Xinzi 351, Xinzi 4405×Xinzi 351, Xinzi 4406×Xinzi 351, Xinzi 4407×Xinzi 351 and the original hybrid Xinzi 3194×Xinzi 3884 were tested and identified at two locations simultaneously, with two replicates. During the test, the growth and development conditions were observed and recorded in detail, including the growth potential, plant height, dynamic changes in stem diameter at the seedling stage, and the performance at each stage of the growth period. The yield components were determined in particular, and the yield was calculated. Based on the test data, the hybrid combinations were comprehensively evaluated and selected, and replaced the mother parent Xinzi 3194.

2. A method for increasing the seed yield of the early-maturing new corn variety Xinyu 102 according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the S2, the donor material Xinzi 3884 and the mother material Xinzi 3194 are in the same hybrid advantage group.

3. The method for increasing the seed yield of the early-maturing new corn variety Xinyu 102 according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, during the 7th generation of self-pollination, when the corn grew to the 3rd leaf stage, leaves were sampled, and improved individuals containing the target gene and having a background highly similar to the mother parent Xinzi 3194 were screened out by combining SSR molecular marker-assisted selection technology.

4. The method for increasing the seed yield of the early-maturing new corn variety Xinyu 102 according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the S3, the paternal parent Xinzi 351 has been purified for multiple generations, so that the excellent genes of the paternal parent Xinzi 351 can be fully expressed and stably inherited.

5. The method for increasing the seed yield of the early-maturing new corn variety Xinyu 102 according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S4, artificial emasculation and pollination were performed during the hybridization of the inbred lines Xinzi 4401, Xinzi 4402, Xinzi 4403, Xinzi 4404, Xinzi 4405, Xinzi 4406 and Xinzi 4407 with the male parent Xinzi 351.

6. The method for increasing the seed yield of the early-maturing new corn variety Xinyu 102 according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S5, the key factors for determining yield components are ear length, ear diameter, tip length, number of rows, number of grains per row, and thousand-grain weight.

7. The method for increasing the seed yield of the early-maturing new corn variety Xinyu 102 according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S5, new self 4406 or new self 4407 is selected to replace the parent new self 3194.

8. The method for increasing the seed yield of the early-maturing new corn variety Xinyu 102 according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, S4 and S5, conventional management is performed on the seeds during their growth, such as fertilizing, watering, and pest and disease control.

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