Conditioner for carya cathayensis root rot and prevention and control method

Abstract

The invention discloses a conditioner suitable for carya cathayensis root rot and a control method. The conditioner is prepared from 70 parts of fermented cow dung mixture, 20 parts of fermented hickory hull and 10 parts of zeolite, wherein 10 kg of calcium carbonate, 15 kg of compound fertilizer, 10 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and 10 kg of potassium humate are added per cubic meter, and the NPK ratio of the compound fertilizer is 16-6-12. The method comprises the steps that a conditioner is applied to the carya cathayensis trees in November to December, annular ditches are formed by taking trunks as centers and 60-80 cm away from the trunks, the ditches are 30 cm wide and 10-15 cm deep, and the conditioner is applied into the ditches and covered with soil. The soil pH can be adjusted, the birth amount of new branches and new leaves of carya cathayensis trees is increased by 8%-21%, the occurrence rate of root rot is reduced by 60%-80%, the yield of carya cathayensis is increased by about 7%-10%, the commodity rate is increased by 20%-30%, production benefits are improved, and sustainable production of carya cathayensis is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of pecan tree planting, and in particular to a conditioner suitable for pecan tree root rot and a root rot prevention and control method. Background Art

[0002] Pecan is an economic tree species in the southern mountainous areas of my country. Pecan trees are mainly planted in the red and yellow soil mountains of the mountains. Their fruits have high nutritional value and economic value. The forest structure of the pecan tree planting area is single, mainly artificial pure forests, and the vegetation it occupies is single. Because of the high economic value of its fruits and the high economic benefits of planting, the pecan tree planting area is intensively managed. In order to facilitate management, save costs and increase production, a large amount of chemical fertilizers and herbicides are used in production, resulting in a decrease in soil pH and organic matter content in the planting area, severe rainwater runoff in the planting mountain, and a decrease in the soil's ability to retain fertilizer and water. The soil in the pecan tree planting area is seriously acidified, the pecan tree root system grows poorly, the nutrient absorption capacity is poor, the growth potential is weakened, and the disease resistance is reduced. Due to the deterioration of the soil structure and physical and chemical properties of the planting area, pecan root rot, also known as dry rot and ulcer disease, has occurred on a large scale, causing the branches and leaves of pecan trees to die, and finally a large area of ​​pecan trees to die. It seriously affects the economic benefits and sustainable development of the pecan industry.

[0003] Therefore, it is urgent to develop a method for the prevention and treatment of pecan root rot. The traditional method of adjusting soil pH alone has a short-term effect, poor sustainability, and cannot improve the soil organic matter content and soil fertilizer and water retention capacity. It is necessary to develop a comprehensive control method for the prevention and treatment of pecan root rot to improve its disease resistance, increase yield and quality, and achieve sustainable development of the pecan industry. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a conditioner and a control method for pecan tree root rot, which can improve the soil physical and chemical properties and structure, increase the soil organic matter content, promote the growth of pecan trees, improve stress resistance, and achieve sustainable production and quality improvement of pecans by adjusting the soil acidity and alkalinity, increasing the application of organic and inorganic fertilizers.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a conditioning agent for preventing and controlling root rot of pecan trees, wherein the conditioning agent comprises the following components by volume:

[0006] 70 parts of fermented cow dung mixture, 20 parts of fermented hickory cattail husks, and 10 parts of zeolite; among them, calcium carbonate, compound fertilizer, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and potassium humate are added in an amount of 10, 15, 10 and 10 kilograms per cubic meter respectively, among which the NPK ratio of the compound fertilizer is 16-6-12.

[0007] Furthermore, the zeolite is 200 mesh.

[0008] Furthermore, the fermented cow dung mixture is prepared by the following method:

[0009] According to weight parts, 65 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 15 parts of actinomycetes, 15 parts of filamentous fungi, and 5 parts of yeast were mixed to obtain a mixed bacterial agent;

[0010] Cow dung is collected, and after dehydration, cow dung solid and cow dung liquid are obtained, and the cow dung solid is pre-fermented for 5-7 days under natural conditions; sheep dung and chicken dung of the same proportion are mixed with the separated cow dung liquid, and pre-fermented for 5-7 days under natural conditions to obtain a pre-fermented sheep dung and chicken dung mixture; 60 parts of pre-fermented cow dung solid, 40 parts of the pre-fermented sheep dung and chicken dung mixture, and 0.05 parts of a mixed bacterial agent are mixed according to weight, and the mixture is naturally fermented at room temperature for 20-30 days; during the period, the temperature of the mixed material pile is dynamically detected, and when the temperature reaches between 55 and 65 degrees, the pile is turned and ventilated; after 20 days of fermentation, the C / N ratio and the moisture content of the cow dung mixture are detected, and when the C / N ratio reaches 35-50 and the moisture content reaches between 40 and 60%, the fermentation is completed to obtain a fermented cow dung mixture.

[0011] The present invention also provides a method for preventing and controlling the root rot of pecan trees, specifically, adjusting the pH of the soil of the pecan trees by the above-mentioned conditioner to prevent and control the root rot of the pecan trees.

[0012] Furthermore, the above-mentioned prevention and control method includes:

[0013] For mature pecan trees, apply 100 liters of the above-mentioned conditioner to each tree, once every 2-3 years.

[0014] Furthermore, the above-mentioned conditioner is applied in November-December. With the trunk as the center, a circular ditch is opened 60-80 cm away from the trunk. The ditch is 30 cm wide and 10-15 cm deep. The conditioner is applied into the ditch and then covered with soil.

[0015] The conditioner provided by the invention can be applied in the field of pecan planting, including being used for adjusting the pH of pecan tree soil and being used for preventing and treating pecan tree root rot.

[0016] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0017] By applying the root rot prevention and control method provided by the present invention, the soil pH value of the pecan tree planting area can be increased from 4.0-5.0 to between 5.5-6.0, the soil organic matter content is increased, the water and fertilizer retention capacity is enhanced, and the microbial activity is promoted. At the same time, the root growth of the plant is improved, and the growth of new roots, stems, leaves and new branches can be promoted. The new leaves increase by 20%-30%, and the leaf color becomes darker. The disease resistance of pecan trees is improved, the occurrence of root rot of pecan trees is effectively prevented and controlled, the wilting of pecan branches and leaves is controlled, the pecan yield is increased by about 5-10%, the commercial rate is increased by 20-30%, and the economic value is greatly improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart for preparing the fermented cow dung mixture.

[0019] Figure 2 The present invention is a flow chart for preparing fermented walnut husk.

[0020] Figure 3 This is the growth rate of new branches and leaves after the hickory tree conditioner of the present invention is applied.

[0021] Figure 4 The present invention shows the yield and large fruit number improvement rate of the pecan tree conditioner after application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Note: The experimental methods in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and are performed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the field or according to the product instructions. The materials, reagents, etc. used in the following examples are all commercially available unless otherwise specified.

[0024] Example 1

[0025] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a conditioning agent for preventing and treating root rot of pecan trees, which is as follows:

[0026] 1. Preparation of bacterial agent: Select a mixed bacterial agent of Bacillus subtilis, actinomycetes, filamentous fungi, and yeast. Among them, according to weight, 65 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 15 parts of actinomycetes, 15 parts of filamentous fungi, and 5 parts of yeast are mixed to prepare a mixed bacterial agent for fermentation of cow dung mixture.

[0027] 2. Preparation of fermented cow dung mixture, preparation process reference Figure 1: Collect cow dung, and after dehydration, obtain cow dung solid and liquid. Put the cow dung solid into a fermentation tank and pre-ferment for 5-7 days under natural conditions; mix 50 parts of sheep dung and 50 parts of chicken dung with the separated cow dung liquid, put them into a fermentation tank, and pre-ferment them for 5-7 days under natural conditions to obtain a pre-fermented sheep dung and chicken dung mixture. 60 parts of pre-fermented cow dung solids and 40 parts of pre-fermented sheep dung and chicken dung mixture are mixed and laid in a fermentation tank, and then 0.05 parts of bacterial agent are added to the fermentation tank, mixed, and naturally fermented at room temperature for 20 to 30 days. During this period, the temperature of the cow dung mixture pile in the fermentation tank is dynamically detected. When the temperature reaches between 55 and 65 degrees, the pile is turned and ventilated. After 20 days of fermentation, the C / N ratio and moisture content of the cow dung mixture are detected. When the C / N ratio reaches 35-50 and the moisture content drops to between 40-60%, the fermentation is completed, and the fermented cow dung mixture is obtained. After stacking and aging, it is stored for standby.

[0028] 3. Preparation of fermented walnut husk, preparation process reference Figure 2 : After the pecans are harvested in autumn, the pecan husks are collected and piled up for leaching. The fermentation is carried out using the method of the invention patent "a vegetable seedling substrate material made of pecan husks and its preparation method, CN201310137342.3".

[0029] 4. Preparation of compound fertilizer ingredients: Use ammonium nitrate as the nitrogen source fertilizer, and mix it with potassium sulfate fertilizer and superphosphate fertilizer to form a compound fertilizer with an NPK content of 16:6:12.

[0030] 5. Conditioner preparation: by volume, 70 parts of fermented cow dung mixture, 20 parts of fermented hickory husk, 10 parts of zeolite (200 mesh). Add 10, 15, 10 and 10 kg of calcium carbonate, compound fertilizer (NPK content percentage, 16-6-12), calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and potassium humate per cubic meter respectively. The conditioner production adopts a modern matrix production line, and the standard conditioner product is produced by feeding, mixing, sieving and packaging according to the proportion, and the obtained product is solid.

[0031] Application Examples

[0032] This application example provides a specific application of a conditioning agent in the prevention and treatment of pecan root rot

[0033] The conditioner prepared in Example 1 was used. According to the conditioner of adult pecan trees (trunk diameter 15-20 cm), 100 liters of the conditioner was applied to each tree. The conditioner was applied once every 2-3 years. The conditioner was applied in November-December. A circular ditch was opened at 60-80 cm from the trunk with a width of 30 cm and a depth of 10-15 cm, with the trunk as the center. The conditioner was applied into the ditch and then covered with soil.

[0034] After the implementation of the present invention, pecan trees with similar site conditions were selected, and the conditioner treatment was applied and the control without the conditioner was measured and compared in the second year. The pH value was measured at 5 points (5 pecan trees), and the pH of the control group did not change much, while the pH value of the soil in the pecan tree field of the treatment group increased from 4.2 to 6.0, as shown in Table 1. At the same time, it was determined that the organic matter content in the soil was increased after the conditioner treatment, the water and fertilizer retention capacity was enhanced, and the root growth of the plant was also improved.

[0035] Comparison was made between the treatment with conditioner and the control without conditioner. Five pecan trees were selected, and four branches were selected from each tree (fixed plant and branch). The growth of new branches and leaves of pecan trees in the treatment group increased by 8%-21%. The statistical results are shown in Figure 3 As shown. At the same time, the leaves of the pecan trees in the treatment group turned darker, and the pecan trees grew stronger. According to statistics, the incidence of pecan root rot decreased by 60%-80%, the pecan yield increased by about 7%-10%, and the commercial large fruit rate increased by 20-30%. For details, see Figure 4 .

[0036] Table 1 Soil pH values ​​of conditioner application treatment and control

[0037]

[0038] In summary, the present invention provides a conditioner for pecan soil pH and root rot, which has application value in the field of pecan tree planting and disease prevention and control, and can be particularly used to adjust the pecan soil pH, and effectively prevent and control pecan root rot, thereby increasing pecan yield and commercial rate, and has significant practical value.

[0039] Although the content of the present invention has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, it should be appreciated that the above description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention. After reading the above content, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and substitutions of the present invention will occur. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be limited by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A conditioning agent for preventing and treating root rot of hickory trees, characterized in that: The conditioning agent comprises the following components by volume: 70 parts of fermented cow dung mixture, 20 parts of fermented hickory cattail husks, and 10 parts of zeolite; wherein, calcium carbonate, compound fertilizer, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and potassium humate are added in an amount of 10, 15, 10 and 10 kilograms per cubic meter respectively, wherein the NPK ratio of the compound fertilizer is 16-6-12.

2. The conditioning agent according to claim 1, characterized in that The zeolite is 200 meshes.

3. The conditioning agent according to claim 1, characterized in that The fermented cow dung mixture is prepared by the following method: According to weight parts, 65 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 15 parts of actinomycetes, 15 parts of filamentous fungi, and 5 parts of yeast were mixed to obtain a mixed bacterial agent; Cow dung is collected, and after dehydration, cow dung solid and cow dung liquid are obtained, and the cow dung solid is pre-fermented for 5-7 days under natural conditions; sheep dung and chicken dung of the same proportion are mixed with the separated cow dung liquid, and pre-fermented for 5-7 days under natural conditions to obtain a pre-fermented sheep dung and chicken dung mixture; 60 parts of pre-fermented cow dung solid, 40 parts of the pre-fermented sheep dung and chicken dung mixture, and 0.05 parts of a mixed bacterial agent are mixed according to weight, and the mixture is naturally fermented at room temperature for 20-30 days; during the period, the temperature of the mixed material pile is dynamically detected, and when the temperature reaches between 55 and 65 degrees, the pile is turned and ventilated; after 20 days of fermentation, the C / N ratio and the moisture content of the cow dung mixture are detected, and when the C / N ratio reaches 35-50 and the moisture content reaches between 40 and 60%, the fermentation is completed to obtain a fermented cow dung mixture.

4. A method for preventing and controlling root rot of pecan trees, characterized in that: The pH of the pecan tree soil is adjusted by the conditioner as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3 to prevent and control the root rot of the pecan tree.

5. The control method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The prevention and control method comprises: For each adult pecan tree, 100 liters of the conditioner as described in any one of claims 1 to 3 is applied once every 2 to 3 years.

6. The control method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The conditioner is applied in November-December. With the trunk as the center, a circular ditch is opened 60-80 cm away from the trunk. The ditch is 30 cm wide and 10-15 cm deep. The conditioner is applied into the ditch and then covered with soil.

7. Use of the conditioning agent as described in any one of claims 1 to 3 in the field of pecan planting.

8. The use according to claim 7, characterized in that: The application involves adjusting the pH of the pecan tree soil.

9. The use according to claim 7, characterized in that: The application includes the prevention and treatment of pecan tree root rot.

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