Ecological road paving system based on red mud pervious concrete

Abstract

The invention relates to an ecological road paving system based on red mud pervious concrete, comprising: a sidewalk, the sidewalk comprising a first red mud pervious concrete layer and a first waterproof separation layer arranged up and down; the roadway comprises a second red mud pervious concrete layer, a graded broken stone layer and a second waterproof separation layer from top to bottom in sequence; the ecological ditch is arranged between the sidewalk and the roadway and comprises a ditch body with the top open, and a vegetation layer and a plurality of permeable wells arranged at certain intervals in the length direction of the ditch body are arranged in the ditch body. The permeable well is used for collecting water from the first red mud permeable concrete layer, the second red mud permeable concrete layer and the graded broken stone layer. A red mud vegetation concrete layer for purifying water is arranged at the upper part of the vegetation layer. The red mud permeable concrete material and the optimized road pavement layout are utilized, so that the effects of efficiently permeating water, reducing road surface runoff, controlling road surface runoff pollution and reducing road surface noise are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of road paving, and in particular to an ecological road paving system based on red mud permeable concrete. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization and the rapid growth of the number of motor vehicles, urban road runoff pollution and traffic noise pollution are becoming increasingly serious, posing a huge threat to the lives and health of residents and the ecological environment. Permeable concrete is a porous road construction material. Permeable pavement constructed with permeable concrete materials can effectively reduce rainwater runoff and promote rainwater infiltration. And permeable pavement can effectively intercept suspended particles and pollutants in rainwater, reducing the pollution of urban runoff to natural water bodies. In addition, its porous structure can also absorb road noise, which helps to reduce urban noise pollution. Red mud is a solid waste generated by the aluminum industry when producing alumina. At present, the main treatment method of red mud is still simple damming and storage, which not only occupies a lot of land resources, but also may cause potential ecological risks to the surrounding environment. However, the multiphase mineral composition of red mud and its high surface activity characteristics make it possible to utilize it as a resource. If red mud is used as an alternative material to partially replace cement binder materials, the alkaline components in its chemical composition show good application potential in removing toxic heavy metals, inorganic anions and other pollutants from water bodies. Therefore, how to develop a road paving system based on red mud permeable concrete and apply red mud solid waste to permeable concrete pavement to achieve the effect of purifying rainwater runoff water quality and treating waste with waste is an urgent problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the technical problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an ecological road paving system based on red mud permeable concrete, including sidewalks, ecological ditches and driveways. By using red mud permeable concrete materials and optimized road paving layout, rainwater infiltration can be efficiently promoted, road runoff can be effectively reduced, road runoff pollution can be controlled, and road noise can be reduced.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: An ecological road paving system based on red mud permeable concrete comprises: a sidewalk, the sidewalk comprising a first red mud permeable concrete layer and a first waterproof barrier layer arranged up and down; a carriageway, the carriageway comprising, from top to bottom, a second red mud permeable concrete layer, a graded crushed stone layer and a second waterproof barrier layer; an ecological ditch arranged between the sidewalk and the carriageway, the ecological ditch comprising a channel body with an open top, a vegetation layer and a plurality of permeable wells arranged at regular intervals along the length direction of the channel body, the permeable wells being used to collect water from the first red mud permeable concrete layer, the second red mud permeable concrete layer and the graded crushed stone layer.

[0005] Furthermore, a first water collecting pipe is provided at the lower part of the first red mud permeable concrete layer along its length direction, and the first water collecting pipe is connected to the permeable well through a plurality of first branch pipes.

[0006] Furthermore, an isolation layer is provided between the carriageway and the ecological ditch, and a plurality of overflow holes are provided on the upper portion of the isolation layer, and the overflow holes correspond to the upper surface of the second red mud permeable concrete layer.

[0007] Furthermore, a second water collecting pipe is arranged in the graded gravel layer along its length direction, and the second water collecting pipe is connected with the permeable well through a plurality of second branch pipes.

[0008] Furthermore, the permeable well includes a well body with an open top and a well cover detachably arranged on the top of the well body, and the well body extends upward from the bottom of the channel body to above the vegetation layer.

[0009] Furthermore, a plurality of first water inlets are circumferentially arranged at certain intervals on the side wall of the well body above the vegetation layer, and the side wall of this part of the well body is made of red mud permeable concrete material. The first water inlet is used to collect water overflowing from the first red mud permeable concrete layer and the second red mud permeable concrete layer, and a filter net made of red mud permeable concrete material is also arranged at the first water inlet.

[0010] Furthermore, the lower part of the well body is provided with a drainage hole, and the drainage hole is connected to the municipal rainwater pipe network through a pipeline.

[0011] Furthermore, the bottom of the channel body also has a graded gravel layer, and a drainage pipe is arranged in the graded gravel layer along the length direction of the channel body.

[0012] Furthermore, the red mud permeable concrete material is composed of aggregate, cement, red mud, water, and water reducing agent, wherein the aggregate is diabase aggregate with a particle size of 4.75-9.5 mm; the designed porosity of the first red mud permeable concrete layer is 20-25%, and the mass ratio of the cement to the red mud is (75-80): (20-25); the designed porosity of the second red mud permeable concrete layer is 15-20%, and the mass ratio of the cement to the red mud is (80-90): (10-20).

[0013] Furthermore, a red mud vegetation concrete layer for purifying water is also provided on the upper part of the vegetation layer; soil and grass can be laid on the red mud vegetation concrete layer. The red mud vegetation concrete material is composed of aggregate, cement, red mud, fly ash, water, and water reducing agent, wherein the aggregate particle size is 16-31.5 mm, the designed porosity is 20-30%, the mass ratio of the cement, the red mud and the fly ash is (65-75): (10-15): (15-20), the 28d compressive strength of the vegetation concrete is not less than 10MPa, and its pH value is 9-10.

[0014] The present invention has the following advantages: 1. An ecological road paving system based on red mud permeable concrete of the present invention has a good runoff reduction effect. The first red mud permeable concrete layer, the second red mud permeable concrete layer and the graded gravel layer are all constructed of porous materials and have a good permeable and water-storage effect. When the rainfall intensity is low, rainwater quickly infiltrates through the second red mud permeable concrete layer and the graded gravel layer of the carriageway, and is discharged into the permeable well through the second water collecting pipe of the graded gravel layer, while rainwater on the sidewalk first penetrates the first red mud permeable concrete layer, and then flows into the permeable well through the first water collecting pipe; when the rainfall intensity is high, the excess runoff on the surface of the carriageway can be discharged into the ecological ditch in time through the overflow hole, and the surface runoff of the sidewalk also overflows directly into the ecological ditch. Both the sidewalk and the carriageway adopt a red mud permeable concrete layer, which has good water permeability, can quickly absorb and disperse rainwater, effectively reduce urban waterlogging, and improve the drainage efficiency of the road.

[0015] 2. The ecological road paving system based on red mud permeable concrete of the present invention has a good runoff pollution control effect. The addition of red mud to the permeable concrete can effectively improve the purification capacity of the red mud permeable concrete layer for suspended matter and heavy metal ions. After the surface runoff is filtered through the red mud permeable concrete layer and the graded gravel layer, the water quality is purified. When the water in the ecological ditch is small, the accumulated water overflowing into the ecological ditch will be filtered through the graded gravel layer at the bottom of the channel body and then recycled from the drainage pipe. When the water level in the ecological ditch reaches the maximum designed water accumulation depth, rainwater overflows from the first water inlet at the top of the permeable well. At the same time, a red mud vegetation concrete layer is set on the upper part of the vegetation layer to purify the accumulated water overflowing into the ecological ditch. It has the performance characteristics of inhibiting soil erosion and can adapt to a variety of planting methods. Herbs, vines and shrubs can grow on it, effectively improving the ecological environment and landscape.

[0016] 3. The porous structure of the red mud permeable concrete layer and the graded crushed stone layer of the present invention has a good noise absorption effect. Indoor tests have proved that the red mud permeable concrete has the characteristics of a sound-absorbing material and can effectively reduce road noise. At the same time, the red mud permeable concrete layer uses diabase aggregate and a specific cement to red mud mass ratio, so that the red mud permeable concrete layer has excellent mechanical properties and durability, which can meet the requirements of road use.

[0017] 4. The pedestrian and roadway of the present invention respectively use red mud permeable concrete layers of different designs and are equipped with waterproof barrier layers to ensure the stability and durability of the road structure. At the same time, the layered design of ecological ditches and permeable wells, as well as the design of structures such as permeable wells and water collection pipes, enable the entire system to efficiently collect rainwater from different levels and connect it with the municipal rainwater pipe network through pipelines, thus achieving efficient collection, storage, discharge and reuse of rainwater.

[0018] 5. The ecological road paving system based on red mud permeable concrete of the present invention can effectively reduce environmental pollution and provide a new way for the resource utilization of red mud solid waste. By setting up ecological ditches to recycle the purified rainwater, the recycling of water resources is realized, the ecological governance technology of rainwater management and water pollution is integrated, the green environmental protection concept of low-impact development of sponge cities is implemented, and the harmonious development of people and nature in cities is promoted. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an ecological road paving system based on red mud permeable concrete of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional cutaway diagram of an ecological road paving system based on red mud permeable concrete according to the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the channel body of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the carriageway and the isolation layer of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the water permeable well of the present invention.

[0024] Among them, 1 is the sidewalk, 101 is the first red mud permeable concrete layer, 101a is the first water collection pipe, 101b is the first branch pipe, 102 is the first waterproof barrier layer, 103 is the soil base, 2 is the roadway, 201 is the second red mud permeable concrete layer, 202 is the graded gravel layer, 202a is the second water collection pipe, 202b is the second branch pipe, 203 is the second waterproof barrier layer, 204 is the soil base, and 3 is the ecological ditch , 301 is the channel body, 301a is the vegetation layer, 301b is the permeable well, 301b1 is the well cover, 301b2 is the first water inlet, 301b3 is the filter net, 301b4 is the well body, 301b5 is the second water inlet, 301b6 is the third water inlet, 301b7 is the drainage hole, 301c is the graded gravel layer, 301d is the drainage pipe, 4 is the isolation layer, 401 is the overflow hole, and 5 is the municipal rainwater pipe network. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following description is essentially only exemplary and is not intended to limit the present invention, its application or use. It will be further understood that the term "include" and / or "comprising" specifies the existence of the features, wholes, steps, operations, elements and / or parts described when used in this specification, but does not exclude the existence of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, elements, parts and / or its groups or add one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, elements, parts and / or its groups. As used in this article, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. It will be understood that when an element, component and / or part is referred to as "connected to another element, component and / or part", it can be directly connected to another element, component and / or part, or there can be an intermediate element. It will be understood that although the terms "first", "second" and the like can be used to describe various elements, components and / or parts in this article, these elements, components and / or parts should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish an element, component or part from another element, component or part. Therefore, the first element, component or part discussed below can be referred to as the second element, component or part without departing from the teaching of the present invention. Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical terms and scientific terms) used in this article have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the field to which the present invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as having meanings consistent with their meanings in the relevant field and / or the context of this specification, and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense, unless clearly defined in this article.

[0026] It should be understood that, in order to clearly show the contents therein, the drawings herein are not drawn to scale, and the same or similar reference numerals indicate the same or similar components or parts. In addition, it should be understood that any embodiments described in this application and the technical features included therein can be combined with each other.

[0027] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0028] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, an ecological road paving system based on red mud permeable concrete includes a sidewalk 1, an ecological ditch 3 and a carriageway 2, which together construct an ecological road system, wherein the sidewalk 1 includes a first red mud permeable concrete layer 101 and a first waterproof barrier layer 102 arranged in an upper and lower manner, and a soil base layer 103 is also configured at the bottom of the first waterproof barrier layer 102, and the first red mud permeable concrete layer 101 helps to quickly penetrate, collect and purify rainwater, while the first waterproof barrier layer 102 effectively prevents water from infiltrating into the soil base layer 103. The carriageway 2 is composed of a second red mud permeable concrete layer 201, a graded crushed stone layer 202 and a second waterproof barrier layer 203 from top to bottom, and the second waterproof barrier layer 203 is also configured with a soil base layer 204, wherein the second red mud permeable concrete layer 201 helps to quickly penetrate, collect and purify rainwater, and the graded crushed stone layer 202 enhances the bearing capacity and drainage efficiency of the road. The ecological ditch 3 is arranged between the sidewalk 1 and the roadway 2. The ecological ditch 3 includes a canal body 301 with an open top. The canal body 301 is a disc-shaped ditch with a U-shaped structure and is parallel to the length direction of the roadway 2 and the sidewalk 1. The canal body 301 is provided with a vegetation layer 301a and a plurality of permeable wells 301b arranged at a certain interval along the length direction of the canal body 301. The distance between two adjacent permeable wells 301b is 20-40m. The permeable wells 301b are used to collect water from the first red mud permeable concrete layer 101, the second red mud permeable concrete layer 201 and the graded gravel layer 202. Through the multi-level rainwater collection mechanism, the effective collection, safe storage, orderly discharge and efficient reuse of rainwater are achieved. Among them, the upper surface of the first red mud permeable concrete layer 101 is flush with the top of the canal body 301, and the upper surface of the second red mud permeable concrete layer 201 is higher than the top of the canal body 301, ensuring that rainwater can flow smoothly into the ecological ditch 3.

[0029] The waterproof barrier layer is generally a slurry seal layer or a synchronous crushed stone slurry composite seal layer or a fine-grained dense asphalt concrete. The graded crushed stone layer 202 / 301c is formed by mixing crushed stone particles of different particle sizes in a certain proportion to form a stable structural layer. At the same time, the gaps between the crushed stone particles can be used as drainage channels. The crushed stone is selected to be hard, wear-resistant, and has high compressive strength, such as limestone, basalt, etc.

[0030] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the lower part of the first red mud permeable concrete layer 101 is provided with a first water collecting pipe 101a along its length direction, and the first water collecting pipe 101a is connected to the permeable well 301b through a plurality of first branch pipes 101b. The channel body 301 is provided with a plurality of pipe penetration openings on the side close to the sidewalk 1, and the pipe penetration openings correspond to the first red mud permeable concrete layer 101. Among them, the first water collecting pipe 101a is a porous water pipe with a diameter of 100mm, and the first branch pipe 101b is a water pipe with a diameter of 100mm. Specifically, the first water collecting pipe 101a is provided with a plurality of connection holes at certain intervals along its length direction, one end of the first branch pipe 101b is fixed to the connection hole, and the other end of the first branch pipe 101b extends downwardly through the pipe penetration opening and is fixed on the side wall of the permeable well 301b, and the distance between two adjacent first branch pipes 101b is 20-40m. The number of first branch pipes 101b can be configured according to the length of the road to ensure the maximization of drainage efficiency. The first water collecting pipe 101a is arranged near the channel body 301. Such a layout can maximize the effective discharge of rainwater in the layer and effectively prevent the occurrence of water accumulation. When the rainfall intensity is low, the rainwater accumulated on the sidewalk 1 will first penetrate into the first red mud permeable concrete layer 101, and then flow smoothly into the permeable well 301b along the first branch pipe 101b after being collected by the first water collecting pipe 101a. When the rainfall intensity is high, the runoff on the surface of the first red mud permeable concrete layer 101 that does not have time to penetrate will directly overflow from the surface of the channel body 301 to the vegetation layer 301a.

[0031] In an embodiment not shown, a plurality of high-pressure nozzles (not shown in the figure) are arranged on both sides of the top of the channel body 301, and the high-pressure nozzles are used to clean impurities on the surface of the first red mud permeable concrete layer 101 and the second red mud permeable concrete layer 201, ensuring that they can continuously and efficiently perform their functions of water permeability and water purification. Among them, the high-pressure nozzles are arranged at a certain interval along the length direction of the channel body 301, and the spraying ends of the high-pressure nozzles are respectively directed toward the first red mud permeable concrete layer 101 and the second red mud permeable concrete layer 201, and a high-pressure water pipe is arranged inside the channel body 301, and the outlet end of the high-pressure water pipe is connected to the input end of the high-pressure nozzle, and the inlet end of the high-pressure water pipe is equipped with a high-pressure water pump. The water flow pressurized by the high-pressure water pump is transmitted to the high-pressure nozzle through the high-pressure water pipe and sprayed out in a high-speed and high-pressure form, effectively cleaning the impurities on the surface of the red mud permeable concrete layer 101 / 201, ensuring that the water permeability and purification effect is continuous and efficient.

[0032] like Figure 1 , 2As shown in Figure 4, a second water collecting pipe 202a is provided in the graded gravel layer 202 along the length direction of the roadway 2. The second water collecting pipe 202a is located near the channel body 301. The second water collecting pipe 202a is connected to the water permeable well 301b through a plurality of second branch pipes 202b, wherein the second water collecting pipe 202a is a porous water pipe with a pipe diameter of 100mm, and the second branch pipe 202b is a water pipe with a pipe diameter of 100mm. The channel body 301 is also provided with a plurality of pipe penetration openings on the side close to the roadway 2, and the pipe penetration openings correspond to the graded gravel layer 202. Specifically, the second water collecting pipe 202a is provided with a plurality of connection holes at certain intervals along its length direction, one end of the second branch pipe 202b is fixed to the connection hole, and the other end of the second branch pipe 202b extends downward through the pipe penetration opening and is fixed to the side wall of the water permeable well 301b, and the distance between two adjacent second branch pipes 202b is 20-40m. When the rainfall intensity is low, rainwater rapidly infiltrates through the second red mud permeable concrete layer 201 and the graded gravel layer 202 in sequence, and is collected by the second water collecting pipe 202a of the graded gravel layer 202 and then smoothly discharged into the permeable well 301b along the second branch pipe 202b.

[0033] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, an isolation layer 4 is arranged between the roadway 2 and the ecological ditch 3. The isolation layer 4 is used to prevent rainwater in the graded gravel layer 202 of the roadway 2 from being randomly diffused to other areas without being guided by the second water collecting pipe 202a, thereby resulting in low rainwater collection efficiency. The top of the isolation layer 4 is higher than the upper surface of the second red mud permeable concrete layer 201. The protruding part serves as the curb of the roadway 2. The upper part of the isolation layer 4 has a plurality of overflow holes 401. The plurality of overflow holes 401 are arranged at a certain interval along the length direction of the roadway 2. The number of overflow holes 401 can be configured according to the length of the road. The overflow holes 401 correspond to the upper surface of the second red mud permeable concrete layer 201. Even if rainwater accumulates on the upper surface of the second red mud permeable concrete layer 201, it can be smoothly discharged into the vegetation layer 301a through these overflow holes 401.

[0034] like Figure 1 , 2As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the permeable well 301b includes a well body 301b4 with an open top and a well cover 301b1 detachably arranged on the top of the well body 301b4. The well body 301b1 extends upward from the bottom of the channel body 301 to above the vegetation layer 301a, that is, penetrates the vegetation layer 301a and is exposed above the ground surface. A plurality of first water inlets 301b2 are circumferentially arranged at certain intervals on the side wall of the well body 301b4 located above the vegetation layer 301a, and the side wall of this part of the well body 301b4 is made of red mud permeable concrete material. The first water inlet 301b2 is located above the vegetation layer 301a, and is used to collect water overflowing from the first red mud permeable concrete layer 101 and the second red mud permeable concrete layer 201, that is, to collect rainwater overflowing from the upper surface of the vegetation layer 301a due to excessive rainfall. The first water inlet 301b2 is also configured with a filter net 301b3 made of red mud permeable concrete material, which can not only effectively block impurities from entering the well and prevent blockage, but also utilize the unique properties of red mud permeable concrete to further purify rainwater, thereby improving the quality of rainwater. When the water level of the ecological ditch 3 reaches the maximum designed water accumulation depth, rainwater overflows from the first water inlet 301b2 at the top of the well body 301b4, and is purified after being filtered by the filter 301b3. The well body 301b4 near the water inlet 301b3 is made of red mud permeable concrete material, and a part of the overflowing rainwater directly penetrates into the well body 301b4 from this part, so that the rainwater is purified. The lower part of the well body 301b4 has a drainage hole 301b7, which is connected to the municipal rainwater pipe network 5 through a pipeline. The drainage hole 301b7 is located above the water inlet of the municipal rainwater pipe network 5. The pipeline connected by them is set obliquely. The pipeline is a water pipe with a diameter of 200mm, and the distance between two adjacent pipelines is 20-40m. Among them, the side of the well body 301b4 has a second water inlet 301b5 and a third water inlet 301b6, and the second water inlet 301b5 and the third water inlet 301b6 are respectively arranged on two opposite side walls of the well body 301b4, and the second water inlet 301b5 is located below the third water inlet 301b6, wherein the connecting hole on the first water collecting pipe 101a is located above the third water inlet 301b6, so that the first branch pipe 101b extends downward from the connecting hole and is fixedly connected to the third water inlet 301b6, so that the rainwater in the first water collecting pipe 101a can flow smoothly into the permeable well 301b. Similarly, the connection hole on the second water collecting pipe 202a is located above the second water inlet 301b5, so that the second branch pipe 202b extends downward from the connection hole and is fixedly connected to the second water inlet 301b5, so that rainwater in the second water collecting pipe 202a can flow smoothly into the permeable well 301b.

[0035] like Figure 1 and 2As shown, the bottom of the channel body 301 also has a graded gravel layer 301c, and a drainage pipe 301d is arranged in the graded gravel layer 301c along its length. The drainage pipe 301d is a porous water pipe with a diameter of 100 mm. The drainage pipe 301d is provided with multiple water collection holes at certain intervals along its length to collect water from the graded gravel layer 301c. When the ecological ditch 3 has less water accumulation, it will be filtered through the graded gravel layer 301c at the bottom of the channel body 301 and then recycled from the drainage pipe 301d.

[0036] In an embodiment not shown, the upper part of the vegetation layer 301a also has a red mud vegetation concrete layer, which is located on the upper part of the vegetation layer 301a, and soil and grass can be laid on the red mud vegetation concrete layer. When the water from the sidewalk 1 and the roadway 2 overflows into the ecological ditch 3, it first passes through the red mud vegetation concrete layer, and then infiltrates into the channel body 301 after preliminary purification. The vegetation concrete layer ensures that the plant roots can be embedded and nourished in the concrete matrix, which not only provides a growth basis for vegetation, but also effectively promotes the penetration of rainwater and the absorption of plant nutrients through its internal microporous structure. When rainwater penetrates into the vegetation layer 301a, they will first be initially filtered and purified by the vegetation concrete layer. The tiny pores in this layer of concrete can intercept and remove suspended matter and some soluble pollutants in the rainwater, thereby further improving the quality of rainwater. When rainwater overflows the upper part of the vegetation layer 301a, it is firstly purified by the red mud vegetation concrete layer, and then is purified for the second time by the filter screen 301b3 of the first water inlet 301b2 and the red mud permeable concrete well body 301b4 near the first water inlet 301b2.

[0037] The red mud vegetation concrete material is composed of aggregate, cement, red mud, fly ash, water and water reducing agent, wherein the aggregate particle size is 16-31.5 mm, the designed porosity is 20-30%, the mass ratio of cement, the red mud and fly ash is (65-75): (10-15): (15-20), the 28d compressive strength of the red mud vegetation concrete is not less than 10 MPa, and its pH value is 9-10.

[0038] The red mud permeable concrete material is composed of aggregate, cement, red mud, water, and water reducing agent. The aggregate is diabase aggregate with a particle size of 4.75-9.5 mm, the red mud is Bayer red mud with a particle size less than 100 mesh, and the cement is 52.5 grade general Portland cement. The designed porosity of the first red mud permeable concrete layer 101 is 20-25%, and the mass ratio of cement to red mud is (75-80): (20-25); the designed porosity of the second red mud permeable concrete layer 201 is 15-20%, and the mass ratio of cement to red mud is (80-90): (10-20).

[0039] Example 1 The raw materials of the red mud permeable concrete material used to prepare the red mud permeable concrete layer are as follows: Red mud: Red mud produced by the Bayer process in Pingguo, Guangxi; Cement: PII52.5 Portland cement; Water: Municipal tap water; Aggregate: diabase aggregate with a particle size of 4.75 to 9.5 mm; Water reducer: high-efficiency polycarboxylic acid type water reducer; The mass ratio of aggregate, cement, red mud, water and water reducing agent of red mud permeable concrete (RMPC1) of sidewalk 1 is 1673:335:67:84:1, the designed porosity is 20%, and the mass ratio of cement to red mud is 80:20; the mass ratio of aggregate, cement, red mud, water and water reducing agent of red mud permeable concrete (RMPC2) of carriageway 2 is 1328:333:50:83:1, the designed porosity is 15%, and the mass ratio of cement to red mud is 85:15. Red mud permeable concrete was prepared according to the Technical Specification for Permeable Cement Concrete Pavement (CJJ / T 135-2009).

[0040] The red mud permeable concrete specimens cured for 28 days were subjected to mechanical property tests, water permeability tests, purification performance tests, and noise reduction performance tests.

[0041] The mechanical properties of permeable concrete specimens were tested in accordance with the "Test Code for Cement and Cement Concrete for Highway Engineering" (JTG 3420-2020). The 28d compressive strength and flexural strength of the red mud permeable concrete (RMPC1) of sidewalk 1 were measured to be 22.3MPa and 3.57MPa, respectively, meeting the C20 concrete strength requirements; the 28d compressive strength and flexural strength of the red mud permeable concrete (RMPC2) of carriageway 2 were measured to be 32.9MPa and 5.13MPa, respectively, meeting the C30 concrete strength requirements.

[0042] The permeability of permeable concrete specimens was tested in accordance with the Technical Specifications for Permeable Cement Concrete Pavement (CJJ / T135-2009). The permeability coefficients of red mud permeable concrete for sidewalk 1 (RMPC1) and red mud permeable concrete for carriageway 2 (RMPC2) were measured to be 6.1 mm / s and 4.88 mm / s respectively, which are much greater than the requirement of the specification that the permeability coefficient of permeable concrete must be greater than 0.5 mm / s.

[0043] The purification performance test is as follows: prepare a runoff pollutant solution, pass the prepared runoff pollutant solution through the red mud permeable concrete specimen, and collect the filtrate after filtration. The difference in pollutant concentration before and after purification is divided by the initial concentration of each pollutant to calculate the purification rate of red mud permeable concrete for each pollutant. The pollutant configuration and detection method used are as follows.

[0044] The test results show that the red mud permeable concrete of sidewalk 1 (RMPC1) has a great influence on suspended solids, Cu 2+ , Pb 2+ 、Cd 2+ The purification rates of red mud permeable concrete (RMPC2) on carriageway 2 were 74.25%, 65.36%, 83.77% and 86.82% respectively. 2+ , Pb 2+ 、Cd 2+ The purification rates of red mud and suspended solids in the permeable concrete were 67.33%, 61.66%, 88.11% and 75.27% respectively. 2+ , Pb 2+ 、Cd 2+ The purification rates were 40.70%, 46.35%, 53.06% and 47.09% respectively. This shows that adding red mud to permeable concrete can effectively improve its purification capacity for suspended matter and heavy metal ions.

[0045] The noise reduction performance test used the standing wave ratio method and tested the red mud permeable concrete specimens in accordance with the national standard "Measurement of sound absorption coefficient and acoustic impedance in acoustic impedance tubes" (GB / T 18696.2-2002). The test results are as follows.

[0046] The noise reduction coefficient (NRC) reflects the average sound absorption performance at four specific frequencies: 250Hz, 500Hz, 1000Hz, and 2000Hz. When the NRC value is greater than or equal to 20%, the material is classified as a sound-absorbing material, indicating that it can effectively absorb sound waves and reduce noise. The test results show that the noise reduction coefficients (NRC) of the red mud permeable concrete (RMPC1) of the sidewalk 1 and the red mud permeable concrete (RMPC2) of the carriageway 2 are 33.9% and 26.3%, respectively. It can be seen that the red mud permeable concrete designed in the present invention is a sound-absorbing material.

[0047] SWMM (Storm Water Management Model) is a software tool developed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) that is widely used in urban stormwater management and drainage system planning, design and analysis. The model can simulate urban surface runoff processes, calculate surface runoff volume and pollution load, and provide support for the planning, analysis, and design of urban drainage systems.

[0048] In SWMM, construct Figure 1For the ecological road system shown in the figure, the rainfall design adopts the 2-hour rainfall in the "Guangzhou City Heavy Rain Intensity Formula Compilation and Design Heavy Rain Type Research Technical Report". Among them, the thickness of the red mud permeable concrete layer 101 / 201 is set to 12cm. The rainfall runoff simulation time is controlled to 2h, the pollutant purification simulation time is controlled to 5h, and the overall simulation calculation error is controlled within 2%. At the end of the 120-minute rainfall, the simulation result data is statistically analyzed.

[0049] The numerical simulation results show that the runoff reduction effect of the ecological road paving system is significant. Under the conditions of rainfall return periods of 2 years, 10 years, 50 years, and 100 years, the total runoff reduction rate of the ecological road paving system is 73.81%, 66.25%, 47.84%, and 43.66%, respectively, the runoff peak reduction rate is 92.13%, 74.35%, 46.80%, and 43.60%, respectively, and the runoff coefficient is 0.252, 0.330, 0.512, and 0.554, respectively.

[0050] The numerical simulation results show that the ecological road paving system has a good pollution control effect. The ecological road paving system has the highest reduction rate of pollutants when the rainfall return period is 2 years, and the total suspended solids TSS, Cu 2+ , Pb 2+ The reduction rates were 93.34%, 91.5% and 98.65% respectively; when the rainfall return period was 100 years, the total suspended solids TSS, Cu 2+ , Pb 2+ The reduction rates reached 75.44%, 69.53% and 83.20% respectively.

[0051] In general, the ecological road paving system based on red mud permeable concrete of the present invention has a good runoff reduction effect. The first red mud permeable concrete layer, the second red mud permeable concrete layer and the graded gravel layer are all constructed of porous materials and have a good permeable and water storage effect. When the rainfall intensity is low, the rainwater quickly infiltrates through the second red mud permeable concrete layer and the graded gravel layer of the carriageway, and is collected by the second water collecting pipe of the graded gravel layer and discharged into the permeable well along the second branch pipe, while the rainwater on the sidewalk first penetrates the first red mud permeable concrete layer, and then is collected by the first water collecting pipe and flows into the permeable well along the first branch pipe; when the rainfall intensity is high, the excess runoff on the surface of the carriageway can be discharged into the ecological ditch in time through the overflow hole, and the surface runoff of the sidewalk also overflows directly into the ecological ditch. Both the sidewalk and the carriageway adopt a red mud permeable concrete layer, which has good water permeability, can quickly absorb and disperse rainwater, effectively reduce urban waterlogging, and improve the drainage efficiency of the road.

[0052] An ecological road paving system based on red mud permeable concrete of the present invention has a good runoff pollution control effect. The addition of red mud into the permeable concrete can effectively improve the purification capacity of the red mud permeable concrete layer for suspended matter and heavy metal ions. After the surface runoff is filtered through the red mud permeable concrete layer and the graded gravel layer, the water quality is purified. When the water in the ecological ditch is small, the accumulated water overflowing into the ecological ditch will be filtered through the graded gravel layer at the bottom of the channel body and then recycled from the drainage pipe. When the water level in the ecological ditch reaches the maximum designed water accumulation depth, rainwater overflows from the first water inlet at the top of the permeable well. At the same time, a red mud vegetation concrete layer is set on the upper part of the vegetation layer to purify the accumulated water overflowing into the ecological ditch. It has the performance characteristics of inhibiting soil erosion and can adapt to a variety of planting methods. Herbs, vines and shrubs can grow on it, effectively improving the ecological environment and landscape.

[0053] The porous structure of the red mud permeable concrete layer and the graded crushed stone layer of the present invention has a good noise absorption effect. Indoor tests have proved that the red mud permeable concrete has the characteristics of a sound-absorbing material and can effectively reduce road noise. At the same time, the red mud permeable concrete layer uses diabase aggregate and a specific cement to red mud mass ratio, so that the red mud permeable concrete layer has excellent mechanical properties and durability, and can meet the requirements of road use.

[0054] The pedestrian and vehicle roads of the present invention respectively use red mud permeable concrete layers of different designs and are equipped with waterproof barrier layers to ensure the stability and durability of the road structure. At the same time, the layered design of ecological ditches and permeable wells, as well as the design of structures such as permeable wells and water collection pipes, enable the entire system to efficiently collect rainwater from different levels and connect it with the municipal rainwater pipe network through pipelines, thereby achieving efficient collection, storage, discharge and reuse of rainwater.

[0055] The ecological road paving system based on red mud permeable concrete of the present invention can effectively reduce environmental pollution and provide a new way for the resource utilization of red mud solid waste. By setting up ecological ditches to recycle the purified rainwater, the recycling of water resources is realized, the ecological governance technology of rainwater management and water pollution is integrated, the green environmental protection concept of low-impact development of sponge cities is implemented, and the harmonious development of people and nature in cities is promoted.

[0056] The above embodiments are preferred implementation modes of the present invention, but the implementation modes of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments. Any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not deviate from the spirit and principles of the present invention should be equivalent replacement methods and are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ecological road paving system based on red mud permeable concrete, characterized in that: include: A sidewalk, comprising a first red mud permeable concrete layer and a first waterproof barrier layer arranged up and down; A roadway, wherein the roadway comprises, from top to bottom, a second red mud permeable concrete layer, a graded crushed stone layer, and a second waterproof barrier layer; An ecological ditch is arranged between the sidewalk and the carriageway, and the ecological ditch includes a channel body with an open top, a vegetation layer and a plurality of permeable wells arranged at certain intervals along the length direction of the channel body, and the permeable wells are used to collect water from the first red mud permeable concrete layer, the second red mud permeable concrete layer and the graded gravel layer.

2. The ecological road paving system based on red mud permeable concrete according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A first water collecting pipe is arranged at the lower part of the first red mud permeable concrete layer along its length direction, and the first water collecting pipe is connected with the permeable well through a plurality of first branch pipes.

3. The ecological road paving system based on red mud permeable concrete according to claim 1 is characterized in that: An isolation layer is arranged between the carriageway and the ecological ditch, and a plurality of overflow holes are provided on the upper portion of the isolation layer, and the overflow holes correspond to the upper surface of the second red mud permeable concrete layer.

4. The ecological road paving system based on red mud permeable concrete according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A second water collecting pipe is arranged in the graded gravel layer along its length direction, and the second water collecting pipe is connected with the permeable well through a plurality of second branch pipes.

5. The ecological road paving system based on red mud permeable concrete according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The permeable well comprises a well body with an open top and a well cover detachably arranged on the top of the well body, and the well body extends upward from the bottom of the channel body to above the vegetation layer.

6. The ecological road paving system based on red mud permeable concrete according to claim 5, characterized in that: A plurality of first water inlets are circumferentially arranged at certain intervals on the side wall of the well body above the vegetation layer, and the side wall of this part of the well body is made of red mud permeable concrete material. The first water inlet is used to collect water overflowing from the first red mud permeable concrete layer and the second red mud permeable concrete layer. A filter net made of red mud permeable concrete material is also arranged at the first water inlet.

7. The ecological road paving system based on red mud permeable concrete according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lower part of the well body is provided with a drainage hole, and the drainage hole is connected with the municipal rainwater pipe network through a pipeline.

8. The ecological road paving system based on red mud permeable concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the channel body is also provided with a graded gravel layer, and a drainage pipe is arranged in the graded gravel layer along the length direction of the channel body.

9. An ecological road paving system based on red mud permeable concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The red mud permeable concrete material is composed of aggregate, cement, red mud, water, and water reducing agent, wherein the aggregate is diabase aggregate with a particle size of 4.75-9.5 mm; the designed porosity of the first red mud permeable concrete layer is 20-25%, and the mass ratio of the cement to the red mud is (75-80): (20-25); the designed porosity of the second red mud permeable concrete layer is 15-20%, and the mass ratio of the cement to the red mud is (80-90): (10-20).

10. The ecological road paving system based on red mud permeable concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: A red mud vegetation concrete layer for purifying water bodies is also provided on the upper part of the vegetation layer; the red mud vegetation concrete material is composed of aggregate, cement, red mud, fly ash, water, and water reducer, wherein the aggregate particle size is 16-31.5 mm, the designed porosity is 20-30%, the mass ratio of the cement, the red mud and the fly ash is (65-75): (10-15): (15-20), the 28d compressive strength of the vegetation concrete is not less than 10MPa, and its pH value is 9-10.

Images