Numerical control system added shaft and automatic accurate control method for added shaft

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of shaft increasing in numerical control, and particularly relates to a shaft increasing and automatic precise control method for a numerical control system, which comprises the following steps of: determining conditions of the numerical control system and existing shafts, determining types of common numerical control systems, knowing the number of shafts of the numerical control system, and determining a demand scene of shaft increasing; comprising the conditions that in the machining process, materials need to rotate by a certain angle for remachining or turn-over machining, a tool bit or a saw blade needs to switch the deflection angle for remachining, and other tool auxiliary shafts need to be accurately adjusted in position. By means of the technical scheme, rotation and turn-over machining of materials and deflection adjustment of the tool bit can be easily handled, for equipment with a cutting machine head such as a numerical control bridge cutting machine, a control method of the shaft is newly added, so that the cutting machine head can conduct precise cutting at different angles, various complex machining requirements are met, and the application range of the equipment is widened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of numerical control adding axes, in particular to a numerical control system adding axes and an automatic and precise control method for adding axes. Background Art

[0002] In the field of modern CNC machining, different types of CNC systems are widely used in various machining scenarios. Common CNC systems include three-axis, four-axis and five-axis CNC systems, and their coordinate systems contain different numbers of axes, such as the XYZ coordinate system of a three-axis CNC system, the XYZ and any one of the axes ABC of a four-axis CNC system, and the XYZ and any two of the axes ABC of a five-axis CNC system.

[0003] However, in the actual processing, we often encounter some special situations, and the number of existing CNC system axes may not be able to meet specific processing requirements. For example, during the processing, the material may need to be rotated a certain angle for processing or turned over. At this time, the traditional CNC system axis configuration is difficult to achieve efficient and accurate operation. For another example, the cutter head (or saw blade) needs to switch to a swing angle for processing, and the existing CNC system may have difficulty in handling this situation.

[0004] To this end, the present invention provides a method for adding an axis to a numerical control system and for automatically and accurately controlling the added axis. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art, at least one technical problem raised in the background technology is solved.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a method for adding an axis to a numerical control system and an automatic and precise control method for adding an axis, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:

[0007] S1. Determine the CNC system and existing axis conditions, clarify the common CNC system types, and understand the number of axes in the CNC system;

[0008] S2. Identify scenarios where additional axes are needed, including when the material needs to be rotated a certain angle for reprocessing or flipped during processing, when the cutter head or saw blade needs to switch the yaw angle for reprocessing, and other situations where the auxiliary axes of the tooling need to be precisely adjusted;

[0009] S3. Prepare M code instructions. M code instructions are standard code instructions for CNC systems and are used to control the on and off of IO ports. M instructions for different CNC systems correspond to different numbers. The IO port of a CNC system will correspond to two M instructions for opening and closing the IO port.

[0010] S4, cutting off the existing axis control signal, selecting one of the axis control signals to cut off, and considering the state change of the cutting head under the control of the axis;

[0011] S5, move the coordinates of the cut-off signal axis to the specified value, and change the coordinates of the cut-off signal axis to the specified coordinate value, and make it consistent with the current position coordinates of the increase axis. At this time, the machine does not have any movement changes;

[0012] S6, turn on the control signal of the additional axis, and execute the corresponding M instruction to turn on the control signal of the additional axis;

[0013] S7, execute the control of the newly added axis. The CNC system parses the coordinate instructions of the NC path file and executes them to achieve the purpose of accurately controlling the newly added axis and adjust the angle of the newly added axis according to the processing requirements of the cutting head;

[0014] S8, restore the original axis control. After completing the operation of adding the axis, disconnect the control signal of the new axis and restore the control signal of the original axis to ensure that the cutting head can perform subsequent processing normally after restoring the original axis control.

[0015] S9. Write and generate NC path files. The NC path files can be written manually according to needs, or the paths can be implanted with the help of auxiliary software, and M instructions can be implanted in the NC files in advance to realize control.

[0016] Preferably, the cutting head comprises: a frame, a rotating seat is arranged at the front end of the frame, a U-shaped bracket mounting plate is arranged at the bottom of the rotating seat, a spindle mounting plate is arranged inside the U-shaped bracket mounting plate, a spindle body is fixed at the bottom of the spindle mounting plate, and a saw blade body is arranged at the front end of the spindle body.

[0017] Preferably, a rotating shaft is arranged at the middle position inside the rotating seat, the bottom of the rotating shaft protrudes from the bottom of the rotating seat and is fixedly connected to the top of the U-shaped bracket mounting plate, a driven gear is fixed to the top of the rotating shaft, a motor body is installed on one side of the top of the rotating seat, a rotating shaft at the bottom of the motor body extends into the interior of the rotating seat and is fixed with a driving gear, the driving gear is located on one side of the driven gear and meshes with the driven gear.

[0018] Preferably, the motor body drives the rotating shaft to rotate through the driving gear and the driven gear, and the rotating shaft drives the U-shaped bracket mounting plate to rotate so that the saw blade body can rotate left and right in the horizontal direction around the vertical axis.

[0019] Preferably, a baffle is fixed to the front end of the U-shaped bracket mounting plate, the bottom of the baffle is in contact with the top of the spindle mounting plate, a connecting groove is opened on one side of the U-shaped bracket mounting plate, a connecting disk is arranged in the connecting groove, a servo motor is fixed to the end of the connecting disk, and the rotating shaft of the servo motor is fixedly connected to one side of the spindle mounting plate.

[0020] Preferably, a rotating groove is opened on the other side of the U-shaped bracket mounting plate, a support shaft is arranged in the rotating groove, the support shaft is fixed to the other side of the main shaft mounting plate, a bearing is arranged outside the support shaft, and the bearing is fixed in the rotating groove.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] 1. The method for automatically and accurately controlling the addition of axes to a numerical control system described in the present invention can add axes and perform accurate control at any time according to actual needs when facing workpieces of different shapes and different processing requirements. Whether it is the rotation and flipping of materials or the yaw adjustment of the cutter head, it can be easily dealt with. For equipment with a cutting head such as a numerically controlled bridge cutting machine, the control method of the newly added axis enables the cutting head to perform accurate cutting at different angles, meet various complex processing requirements, and broaden the application range of the equipment; secondly, the method is easy to operate, and the axis switching is achieved by controlling the on and off of the IO port through the M code instructions of the numerical control system as standard, without the need for complex hardware modification of the numerical control system, thereby reducing costs and technical difficulties; at the same time, the NC path file can be manually written or generated with the help of auxiliary software, providing operators with a variety of options and improving work efficiency.

[0023] 2. The method for adding an axis to a CNC system and automatically and accurately controlling the added axis described in the present invention ensures the accuracy and stability of the processing process by accurately controlling the movement distance of the added axis, reduces errors, and improves product quality. For some processing tasks with high precision requirements, such as cutting of precision parts, the precise control of the added axis can meet strict size and shape requirements; on the other hand, it enhances the adaptability of the equipment. Different processing scenarios may require different axis configurations, so that the CNC system can adapt to various special situations and complex processing requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Figure 1 The three-dimensional structure of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0026] Figure 2 The three-dimensional structure of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a partial structural diagram of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a local structure cutaway view of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a local structure section view of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0030] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional view of the U-shaped bracket mounting plate structure in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 It is a structural diagram of the spindle mounting plate and the spindle in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 It is a structural diagram of the U-shaped bracket mounting plate in the present invention;

[0033] In the figure: 1. frame; 2. rotating seat; 21. rotating shaft; 22. driven gear; 23. motor body; 24. driving gear; 3. U-shaped bracket mounting plate; 4. baffle; 5. main shaft body; 6. saw blade body; 7. servo motor; 71. connecting plate; 72. connecting groove; 73. supporting shaft; 74. bearing; 75. rotating groove; 8. main shaft mounting plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0035] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, a method for adding an axis to a numerical control system and an automatic and precise control method for adding an axis according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0036] S1. Determine the CNC system and the existing axis conditions, clarify the common CNC system types, such as three-axis, four-axis, and five-axis CNC systems, understand the number of axes in the CNC system, the machine has corresponding motors and mechanical axis components, and for the equipment with cutting heads, clarify the connection relationship between the cutting head and the existing axes;

[0037] S2. Clarify the scenarios where additional axes are needed, including situations where the material needs to be rotated a certain angle for reprocessing or flipped during processing, where the cutter head or saw blade needs to switch the yaw angle for reprocessing, and other tooling auxiliary axes that need to be precisely adjusted in position, especially considering the adjustment requirements of the cutting head for axes under different processing requirements;

[0038] S3. Prepare M code instructions. M code instructions are standard code instructions for CNC systems and are used to control the on and off of IO ports. M instructions for different CNC systems correspond to different numbers. The IO port of a CNC system will correspond to two M instructions for opening and closing the IO port.

[0039] S4, cut off the existing axis control signal, select one of the axis control signals to cut off, such as executing the corresponding M command, such as M10 to cut off the fourth axis control signal, considering the state change of the cutting head under the control of this axis;

[0040] S5, move the coordinates of the cut-off signal axis to the specified value, and change the coordinates of the cut-off signal axis to the specified coordinate value, and make it consistent with the current position coordinates of the added axis. At this time, the machine does not have any movement changes. For example, execute "G00 C0.00" to move the coordinates to the same position of the fifth axis. At this time, the machine does not move. For the cutting head, ensure that it is in a safe state during the coordinate movement process;

[0041] S6, turn on the control signal of the additional axis, execute the corresponding M command to turn on the control signal of the additional axis, such as "M21" to turn on the control signal of the fifth axis;

[0042] S7, execute the control of the newly added axis. The CNC system parses the coordinate instructions of the NC path file and executes them to achieve the purpose of accurately controlling the newly added axis. For example, "G00 C45.00" controls the fifth axis to deflect by 45 degrees, and adjusts the angle of the newly added axis according to the processing requirements of the cutting head.

[0043] S8, restore the original axis control. After completing the operation of adding the axis, disconnect the control signal of the newly added axis and restore the original axis control signal. For example, execute "M20 disconnect the fifth axis control signal", "G00 C100 coordinates are restored to the previous position of the fourth axis, and the machine does not move at this time", and "M11 connect the fourth axis control signal" to ensure that the cutting head can perform subsequent processing normally after restoring the original axis control;

[0044] S9. Write and generate NC path files. NC path files can be written manually according to needs, or the path can be implanted with the help of auxiliary software. M instructions can be implanted in the NC file in advance to realize control. The CNC system will automatically parse and execute various axis signal switching, with changing actions such as coordinate movement, fully considering the movement requirements of the cutting head in different processing stages.

[0045] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention is a method for automatically and precisely controlling an axis added to a numerical control system, the cutting head comprising: a frame 1, a rotating seat 2 is arranged at the front end of the frame 1, a U-shaped bracket mounting plate 3 is arranged at the bottom of the rotating seat 2, a spindle mounting plate 8 is arranged inside the U-shaped bracket mounting plate 3, a spindle body 5 is fixed to the bottom of the spindle mounting plate 8, and a saw blade body 6 is arranged at the front end of the spindle body 5.

[0046] A rotating shaft 21 is arranged at the middle position inside the rotating seat 2, the bottom of the rotating shaft 21 protrudes from the bottom of the rotating seat 2 and is fixedly connected to the top of the U-shaped bracket mounting plate 3, a driven gear 22 is fixed to the top of the rotating shaft 21, a motor body 23 is installed on one side of the top of the rotating seat 2, the rotating shaft at the bottom of the motor body 23 extends into the interior of the rotating seat 2 and is fixed with a driving gear 24, the driving gear 24 is located on one side of the driven gear 22 and is meshed with the driven gear 22, the motor body 23 drives the rotating shaft 21 to rotate through the driving gear 24 and the driven gear 22, the rotating shaft 21 drives the U-shaped bracket mounting plate 3 to rotate so that the saw blade body 6 can rotate left and right in the horizontal direction around the vertical axis.

[0047] A baffle 4 is fixed to the front end of the U-shaped bracket mounting plate 3, and the bottom of the baffle 4 is in contact with the top of the spindle mounting plate 8. A connecting groove 72 is provided on one side of the U-shaped bracket mounting plate 3, and a connecting disk 71 is arranged in the connecting groove 72. A servo motor 7 is fixed to the end of the connecting disk 71, and the rotating shaft of the servo motor 7 is fixedly connected to one side of the spindle mounting plate 8. A rotating groove 75 is provided on the other side of the U-shaped bracket mounting plate 3, and a support shaft 73 is arranged in the rotating groove 75. The support shaft 73 is fixed to the other side of the spindle mounting plate 8, and a bearing 74 is arranged on the outside of the support shaft 73, and the bearing 74 is fixed in the rotating groove 75.

[0048] Working principle: In the default state, the saw blade body 6 and the Z axis have an angle of 0 degrees. At this time, the saw blade body 6 is vertically downward, and the top of the spindle mounting plate 8 is tightly pressed against the bottom of the baffle 4. The baffle 4 blocks the spindle mounting plate 8. When the inclination angle of the saw blade body 6 is adjusted, the servo motor 7 is started, and the servo motor 7 drives the spindle mounting plate 8 to rotate in the U-shaped bracket mounting plate 3. The rotation direction of the spindle mounting plate 8 is as follows: Figure 6 The main shaft mounting plate 8 drives the main shaft body 5 and the saw blade body 6 fixed at the bottom thereof to tilt, and the tilt angle of the saw blade body 6 gradually increases;

[0049] On the contrary, the servo motor 7 drives the spindle mounting plate 8 to reverse in the U-shaped bracket mounting plate 3, and the rotation direction of the spindle mounting plate 8 is as follows: Figure 6 The spindle mounting plate 8 tilts in the opposite direction as indicated by the middle arrow, and the spindle body 5 and the saw blade body 6 fixed at the bottom thereof are driven to tilt, and the tilt angle of the saw blade body 6 is gradually reduced. When the top of the spindle mounting plate 8 is pressed against the bottom of the baffle 4, the saw blade body 6 is in the vertical downward position in the default state;

[0050] Repeat the above operation to complete the deflection of the saw blade body 6, so that it forms any angle of 0-90 degrees with the Z axis;

[0051] The motor body 23 is started, and the driving gear 24 is driven by the motor body 23 to rotate forward or reversely, and the driving gear 24 drives the meshing driven gear 22 to rotate reversely or forward, and the driven gear 22 drives the rotating shaft 21 to rotate reversely or forward, and the rotating shaft 21 drives the bottom U-shaped bracket mounting plate 3 to rotate around the Z axis, so that the cutting direction of the saw blade body 6 can be adjusted;

[0052] Take the four-axis system and machine as an example:

[0053] 1. The machine is a four-axis CNC bridge cutting machine, and the cutter head processed is the saw blade body 6;

[0054] 2. The machine is equipped with Ruikong four-axis CNC system;

[0055] 3. The fourth axis is defined as the C axis;

[0056] 4. The main spindle body 5 is installed and connected to the C axis, and the saw blade body 6 is vertically upward and in the same direction as the Z axis;

[0057] 5. The C axis drives the spindle body 5 to rotate around the Z axis, not the saw blade, and follows the right-hand rule of the coordinate system;

[0058] 6. Control signal output: X, Y, Z, C four-way control signal;

[0059] 7. Add an axis, the fifth axis, to the C axis of the four-axis CNC bridge cutting machine, which is driven by a CNC motor and transmission parts such as gears;

[0060] 8. The purpose of the fifth axis is to allow the saw blade body 6 to deflect and form an arbitrary angle of 0-90 degrees with the Z axis;

[0061] 9. Current CNC system M code definition and corresponding ports:

[0062] M10 disconnects the fourth axis control signal, M11 connects the fourth axis control signal, M20 disconnects the fifth axis control signal, and M21 connects the fifth axis control signal;

[0063] 10. Implant M instructions in the NC file in advance to achieve control;

[0064] 11. NC files can be written and saved manually, or they can be automatically generated with the help of auxiliary software;

[0065] 12. The CNC system will automatically analyze and execute various axis signal switching to change actions such as coordinate movement;

[0066] 13. Below is the code demonstration and action explanation:

[0067] N000 G00 X350.00 Y150.00 Z30.00 C100.00 (current machine coordinate position);

[0068] N001 M10 (disconnect the fourth axis control signal);

[0069] N002 G04 P500 (pause 500ms to ensure the circuit fully responds);

[0070] N003 G00 C0.00 (the coordinate moves to the same position of the fifth axis, and the machine does not move at this time);

[0071] N004 M21 (turn on the fifth axis control signal);

[0072] N005 G04 P500 (pause 500ms to ensure the circuit fully responds);

[0073] N006 G00 C45.00 (control the fifth axis to deflect by 45 degrees);

[0074] N007 M20 (disconnect the fifth axis control signal);

[0075] N008 G04 P500 (pause 500ms to ensure the circuit fully responds);

[0076] N009 G00 C100 (the coordinates are restored to the previous position of the fourth axis, and the machine does not move at this time);

[0077] N010 M11 (turn on the fourth axis control signal);

[0078] N011 G04 P500 (pause 500ms to ensure the circuit fully responds);

[0079] N012 G01 X350.00 Y 150.00Z-10.00C100.00 (Z axis down);

[0080] N013 G01 X350.00 Y500.00 Z-10.00C100.00 (normal cutting process);

[0081] N013 G01 X350.00 Y500.00 Z30.00 C100.00 (processing completed, Z axis raised to a safe height);

[0082] N014.......(Continue normal processing or repeat the above logic, switch the axis and control).

[0083] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for adding an axis to a numerical control system and an automatic and precise control method for adding an axis, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1. Determine the CNC system and existing axis conditions, clarify the common CNC system types, and understand the number of axes in the CNC system; S2. Identify scenarios where additional axes are needed, including when the material needs to be rotated a certain angle for reprocessing or flipped during processing, when the cutter head or saw blade needs to switch the yaw angle for reprocessing, and other situations where the auxiliary axes of the tooling need to be precisely adjusted; S3. Prepare M code instructions. M code instructions are standard code instructions for CNC systems and are used to control the on and off of IO ports. M instructions for different CNC systems correspond to different numbers. The IO port of a CNC system will correspond to two M instructions for opening and closing the IO port. S4, cutting off the existing axis control signal, selecting one of the axis control signals to cut off, and considering the state change of the cutting head under the control of the axis; S5, move the coordinates of the cut-off signal axis to the specified value, and change the coordinates of the cut-off signal axis to the specified coordinate value, and make it consistent with the current position coordinates of the increase axis. At this time, the machine does not have any movement changes; S6, turn on the control signal of the additional axis, and execute the corresponding M instruction to turn on the control signal of the additional axis; S7, execute the control of the newly added axis. The CNC system parses the coordinate instructions of the NC path file and executes them to achieve the purpose of accurately controlling the newly added axis and adjust the angle of the newly added axis according to the processing requirements of the cutting head; S8, restore the original axis control. After completing the operation of adding the axis, disconnect the control signal of the new axis and restore the control signal of the original axis to ensure that the cutting head can perform subsequent processing normally after restoring the original axis control. S9. Write and generate NC path files. The NC path files can be written manually according to needs, or the paths can be implanted with the help of auxiliary software, and M instructions can be implanted in the NC files in advance to realize control.

2. A method for adding axes to a numerical control system and automatic and precise control of the added axes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting machine head comprises: a frame (1), a rotating seat (2) is arranged at the front end of the frame (1), a U-shaped bracket mounting plate (3) is arranged at the bottom of the rotating seat (2), a spindle mounting plate (8) is arranged inside the U-shaped bracket mounting plate (3), a spindle body (5) is fixed at the bottom of the spindle mounting plate (8), and a saw blade body (6) is arranged at the front end of the spindle body (5).

3. A method for adding axes to a numerical control system and automatic and precise control of the added axes according to claim 2, characterized in that: A rotating shaft (21) is arranged at a middle position inside the rotating seat (2), the bottom of the rotating shaft (21) protrudes from the bottom of the rotating seat (2) and is fixedly connected to the top of the U-shaped bracket mounting plate (3), a driven gear (22) is fixed to the top of the rotating shaft (21), a motor body (23) is installed on one side of the top of the rotating seat (2), a rotating shaft at the bottom of the motor body (23) extends into the interior of the rotating seat (2) and is fixed with a driving gear (24), and the driving gear (24) is located on one side of the driven gear (22) and meshes with the driven gear (22).

4. A method for adding axes to a numerical control system and automatic and precise control of the added axes according to claim 3, characterized in that: The motor body (23) drives the rotating shaft (21) to rotate through the driving gear (24) and the driven gear (22), and the rotating shaft (21) drives the U-shaped bracket mounting plate (3) to rotate so that the saw blade body (6) can rotate left and right in the horizontal direction around the vertical axis.

5. A method for adding axes to a numerical control system and automatic and precise control of the added axes according to claim 4, characterized in that: A baffle (4) is fixed to the front end of the U-shaped bracket mounting plate (3), the bottom of the baffle (4) abuts against the top of the spindle mounting plate (8), a connecting groove (72) is provided on one side of the U-shaped bracket mounting plate (3), a connecting plate (71) is arranged in the connecting groove (72), a servo motor (7) is fixed to the end of the connecting plate (71), and a rotating shaft of the servo motor (7) is fixedly connected to one side of the spindle mounting plate (8).

6. A method for adding axes to a numerical control system and automatic and precise control of the added axes according to claim 5, characterized in that: A rotation groove (75) is provided on the other side of the U-shaped bracket mounting plate (3), a support shaft (73) is arranged in the rotation groove (75), the support shaft (73) is fixed to the other side of the spindle mounting plate (8), a bearing (74) is arranged outside the support shaft (73), and the bearing (74) is fixed in the rotation groove (75).

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