Simulation method and system for mechanical parameter prediction of rock mass structural plane of base-covering interface

Abstract

The invention provides a simulation method and system for mechanical parameter prediction of a rock mass structural plane of a base-covering interface, and relates to the technical field of geological survey, and the simulation method specifically comprises the following steps: collecting environmental parameters and material parameters, and calculating a physical influence index, an environmental adaptability index and a fracture stability index; performing a dynamic load test on the rock mass to obtain dynamic response data of the rock mass, constructing a structural anti-seismic prediction model according to a physical influence index, an environmental adaptability index, a fracture stability index and a dynamic response index, and generating a weight in the model through an analytic hierarchy process, and utilizing the structure anti-seismic prediction model to generate a structure anti-seismic index of the base-covering interface rock mass structure. According to the scheme, the mechanical characteristics of the rock mass can be comprehensively reflected, and the influence of environmental change on the rock mass performance is effectively considered, so that the scientificity of anti-seismic performance prediction is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of geological survey, and in particular to a simulation method and system for predicting mechanical parameters of a rock mass structural surface at a base-cover interface. Background Art

[0002] In the field of geotechnical engineering, the mechanical parameters of the rock structure at the base-cover interface have an important influence on the stability and durability of the project. These parameters usually need to be obtained through field surveys and laboratory tests. Common methods include uniaxial compression tests, triaxial shear tests, etc. However, traditional testing methods are often limited to specific experimental conditions, focusing mainly on static mechanical properties, and failing to fully consider the actual performance of the rock mass under different environmental conditions. In addition, existing technologies usually do not conduct a comprehensive assessment of the dynamic response characteristics of the rock mass, resulting in limited accuracy of the prediction model under complex seismic loads. This lack of comprehensive consideration may cause errors in engineering design in practical applications, thereby increasing potential safety hazards.

[0003] In addition, existing technologies often rely on single experimental data when obtaining material parameters, lacking a systematic analysis of environmental factors and material properties. Although some studies have attempted to combine environmental factors, these methods often have problems such as insufficient data acquisition, complex processing, or simplified calculation models, resulting in the final mechanical parameters being unable to accurately reflect the actual application performance of the rock mass. At the same time, the existing models lack effective quantitative methods when considering important factors such as cracks and water absorption, making the assessment of rock stability not comprehensive enough and unable to meet the requirements of modern engineering for accuracy and reliability. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new method to comprehensively consider the multidimensional characteristics of the rock mass in order to achieve a more accurate prediction of the mechanical parameters of the rock mass structure at the base-cover interface.

[0004] The above information disclosed in this Background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the present disclosure and therefore it may contain information that does not constitute the prior art that is already known to one of ordinary skill in the art. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a simulation method and system for predicting mechanical parameters of rock mass structural surface at the base-cover interface, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A simulation method for predicting mechanical parameters of rock mass structural surface at a base-cover interface, the specific steps comprising: Step 1: Survey and analyze the rock structure at the base-cover interface, and collect environmental parameters and material parameters. The environmental parameters include environmental humidity and surface temperature, and the material parameters include rock density, elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, rock crack rate, and rock water absorption rate; Step 2: Calculate the physical impact index based on the dimensionless processed rock density, elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, and rock fracture ratio; calculate the environmental adaptability index based on the dimensionless processed surface temperature and rock water absorption rate; calculate the fracture stability index based on the dimensionless processed rock fracture ratio, environmental humidity, elastic modulus, and Poisson's ratio; Step 3: Perform a dynamic load test on the rock mass to obtain dynamic response data of the rock mass, wherein the dynamic response characteristics are the natural frequency of the rock mass and the damping ratio of the entire vibration system, and perform a correlation analysis on the natural frequency and the damping ratio to generate a dynamic response index; Step 4: Construct a structural seismic prediction model based on the physical impact index, environmental adaptability index, crack stability index, and dynamic response index, generate the weights in the model through the hierarchical analysis method, and use the structural seismic prediction model to generate the structural seismic index of the base-cover interface rock structure.

[0007] Furthermore, the specific logic for collecting the rock mass elastic modulus is as follows: a certain volume of original rock mass is collected from the site, prepared into a standard specimen, the specimen is placed in a uniaxial compression testing machine, axial load is gradually applied, stress and strain are measured, and a stress-strain curve is plotted, and the elastic modulus of the rock mass is obtained from the linear part of the stress-strain curve, i.e., the initial slope. ; A certain volume of original rock mass is collected from the site and prepared into a standard specimen. The specimen is placed in a uniaxial compression testing machine. During the compression process, the axial deformation and lateral deformation are measured, and the Poisson's ratio of the rock mass is calculated according to the following formula: ; in, is the Poisson's ratio of the rock mass, is the lateral strain, is the axial strain; Axial strain It is the ratio of the deformation along the load direction to the original length, and the calculation formula is: ; in, is the axial strain, is the axial deformation, i.e. the deformed length minus the original length; is the original length along the load direction; Transverse strain is the ratio of the deformation perpendicular to the load direction to the original length, and the calculation formula is: ; in, is the lateral strain, is the lateral deformation, i.e. the deformed length minus the original length; is the original length perpendicular to the load direction; The specific logic for obtaining the water absorption rate of rocks is as follows: collect a certain volume of rock from the site as a sample, put the sample into water, record its weight change over a certain period of time to calculate the water absorption rate of the rock, and use the sample water absorption rate as the water absorption rate of the rock: ; in, is the water absorption rate of rock, is the wet weight of the sample, is the sample dry weight; The specific logic for obtaining the rock fracture ratio is as follows: a certain volume of rock is collected from the site as a sample, cut into thin slices with a thickness of 30 microns, and the sample is observed using an optical microscope. The digital image processing software is used to obtain the fracture area of ​​the sample and the total area of ​​the rock sample to calculate the rock fracture ratio, and the sample fracture ratio is used as the rock fracture ratio: ; in, is the rock fracture ratio, is the fracture area, which represents the total area of ​​all visible fractures in the rock sample, is the total area of ​​the rock sample, which represents the entire surface area of ​​the rock sample; Using the water immersion method, the density of the rock mass on site is obtained and recorded as ; Use the humidity sensor to obtain the ambient humidity, denoted as ; Use the temperature sensor to obtain the surface temperature, denoted as .

[0008] Furthermore, the formula for calculating the physical impact index is as follows: ; in, is the physical impact index, is the rock density, is the elastic modulus, is Poisson's ratio, is the ambient humidity, The ambient humidity under ideal conditions is is the rock fracture ratio, is the crack influence coefficient, and ; The formula for calculating the environmental adaptability index is as follows: ; in, is the environmental adaptability index, is the surface temperature, is the water absorption rate of rock, is the friction angle measured by experiment, the angle range is [25°, 60°], and the specific angle depends on the type of rock; The calculation formula of the fracture stability index is as follows: ; in, is the crack stability index, is the rock fracture ratio, is the ambient humidity, The ambient humidity under ideal conditions is is the Poisson's ratio of the rock mass, is the elastic modulus of the rock mass.

[0009] Furthermore, the specific logic for obtaining the natural frequency of the rock mass is as follows: Install the accelerometer on the rock mass to ensure good contact between the accelerometer and the rock mass. Use vibration equipment to apply continuous dynamic load to the rock mass and record the time domain signal output by the accelerometer in real time. Use fast Fourier transform to extract the frequency characteristics from the time domain signal and find the frequency with the largest amplitude, which is the natural frequency of the rock mass. ; The vibration system refers to a complete structural system including the rock mass and its surrounding soil. The damping ratio of the entire vibration system is collected based on the following specific logic: an impact load is applied to the rock mass, and then its free vibration response is recorded. The vibration signal is recorded using an accelerometer, and the vibration signal is analyzed to observe the attenuation of the vibration amplitude over time. For each group of two adjacent peaks, the damping ratio is calculated by calculating the amplitude ratio of the adjacent peaks: ; in, is the damping ratio, and is the amplitude of two adjacent peaks, is the index of the peak, and , The total number of recorded peak values ​​is the average value of the damping ratios obtained for all groups, which is taken as the damping ratio of the entire vibration system and recorded as ; The formula for generating the dynamic response index is as follows: ; in, is the dynamic response index, is the natural frequency of the rock mass, The preset scale factor is is the damping ratio, is its preset proportionality factor, and .

[0010] Furthermore, a structural seismic prediction model is constructed based on the physical impact index, environmental adaptability index, crack stability index, and dynamic response index. The model expression is as follows: ; in, is the structural seismic resistance index, is the physical impact index, is the environmental adaptability index, is the crack stability index, is the dynamic response index, , , and is the proportionality coefficient.

[0011] Furthermore, the specific logic of generating weights in the structural seismic prediction model through the hierarchical analysis method is as follows: The four indicators of physical impact index, environmental adaptability index, crack stability index and dynamic response index are marked, and the relative importance values ​​between them are determined by the nine-scale method to construct a judgment matrix, in which the index of the physical impact index is marked as 1, the index of the environmental adaptability index is marked as 2, the index of the crack stability index is marked as 3, and the index of the dynamic response index is marked as 4. The constructed judgment matrix is: ; in, , denotes the index of the index, and , , Indicates that the index is The index relative to the index is The index importance of , the importance is scaled from 1 to 9, and The larger the value, the higher the index. The index is compared to the index The greater the importance of the index, , ; Each element value in the judgment matrix is ​​divided by the sum of its columns to obtain the normalized judgment matrix. The mean of the element values ​​in each row of the normalized judgment matrix is ​​calculated, and the mean of the element values ​​in the first row is used as the weight of the physical impact index, the mean of the element values ​​in the second row is used as the weight of the environmental adaptability index, the mean of the element values ​​in the third row is used as the weight of the crack stability index, and the mean of the element values ​​in the fourth row is used as the weight of the dynamic response index. With the constraint that the sum of the scaled values ​​is equal to 1, the four weights are scaled in equal proportions, and the scaled weights are used as the proportional coefficients of the corresponding indexes.

[0012] The present invention further provides a simulation system for predicting mechanical parameters of a rock mass structural surface at a base-cover interface, wherein the simulation system for predicting mechanical parameters of a rock mass structural surface at a base-cover interface is used to execute the simulation method for predicting mechanical parameters of a rock mass structural surface at a base-cover interface, and comprises: A parameter acquisition module is used to survey and analyze the rock structure at the base-cover interface, and to collect environmental parameters and material parameters. The environmental parameters include environmental humidity and surface temperature, and the material parameters include rock density, elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, rock crack rate, and rock water absorption rate. Data processing module, based on dimensionless processed rock density, elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, rock crack ratio, calculates physical impact index; based on dimensionless processed surface temperature and rock water absorption rate, calculates environmental adaptability index; based on dimensionless processed rock crack ratio, environmental humidity, elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio, calculates crack stability index; The dynamic response module is used to perform a dynamic load test on the rock mass to obtain dynamic response data of the rock mass. The dynamic response characteristics are the natural frequency of the rock mass and the damping ratio of the entire vibration system. The natural frequency and the damping ratio are subjected to correlation analysis to generate a dynamic response index. The seismic index prediction module is used to construct a structural seismic prediction model based on the physical impact index, environmental adaptability index, crack stability index, and dynamic response index, generate weights within the model through the hierarchical analysis method, and use the structural seismic prediction model to generate the structural seismic index of the base-cover interface rock structure.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention constructs a structural seismic prediction model based on physical impact index, environmental adaptability index, crack stability index and dynamic response index by integrating multiple environmental and material parameters. Compared with traditional methods, it has higher accuracy and reliability. This method can not only fully reflect the mechanical properties of the rock mass, but also effectively consider the impact of environmental changes on the performance of the rock mass, thereby improving the scientific nature of the prediction of seismic performance. In addition, the weight evaluation of each indicator is carried out through the hierarchical analysis method, making the construction of the model more reasonable, providing accurate decision support for geotechnical engineering, reducing the risk in engineering implementation, and ensuring the safety and stability of the project. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall method flow of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the system module of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0016] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present invention should be understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs. The words "first", "second" and similar words used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. "Include" or "comprise" and similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. "Connect" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0017] Example: See also Figure 1 , the present invention provides a technical solution: A simulation method for predicting mechanical parameters of rock mass structural surface at a base-cover interface, the specific steps comprising: Step 1: Survey and analyze the rock structure at the base-cover interface, and collect environmental parameters and material parameters. The environmental parameters include environmental humidity and surface temperature, and the material parameters include rock density, elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, rock crack rate, and rock water absorption rate; In this embodiment, the specific logic for collecting the rock mass elastic modulus is as follows: a certain volume of original rock mass is collected from the site, prepared into a standard specimen, the specimen is placed in a uniaxial compression testing machine, axial load is gradually applied, stress and strain are measured, and a stress-strain curve is plotted. The elastic modulus of the rock mass is obtained from the linear part of the stress-strain curve, i.e., the initial slope. ; A certain volume of original rock mass is collected from the site and prepared into a standard specimen. The specimen is placed in a uniaxial compression testing machine. During the compression process, the axial deformation and lateral deformation are measured, and the Poisson's ratio of the rock mass is calculated according to the following formula: ; in, is the Poisson's ratio of the rock mass, is the lateral strain, is the axial strain; Axial strain It is the ratio of the deformation along the load direction to the original length, and the calculation formula is: ; in, is the axial strain, is the axial deformation, i.e. the deformed length minus the original length; is the original length along the load direction; Transverse strain is the ratio of the deformation perpendicular to the load direction to the original length, and the calculation formula is: ; in, is the lateral strain, is the lateral deformation, i.e. the deformed length minus the original length; is the original length perpendicular to the load direction; The specific logic for obtaining the rock water absorption rate is as follows: collect a certain volume of rock from the site as a sample, put the sample into water, record its weight change within one day, ensure that it is fully saturated with water, calculate the rock water absorption rate, and use the sample water absorption rate as the rock water absorption: ; in, is the water absorption rate of rock, is the wet weight of the sample, is the sample dry weight; The specific logic for obtaining the rock fracture ratio is as follows: a certain volume of rock is collected from the site as a sample, cut into thin slices with a thickness of 30 microns, and the sample is observed using an optical microscope. The digital image processing software is used to obtain the fracture area of ​​the sample and the total area of ​​the rock sample to calculate the rock fracture ratio, and the sample fracture ratio is used as the rock fracture ratio: ; in, is the rock fracture ratio, is the fracture area, which represents the total area of ​​all visible fractures in the rock sample, is the total area of ​​the rock sample, which represents the entire surface area of ​​the rock sample; Using the water immersion method, the density of the rock mass on site is obtained and recorded as ; Use the humidity sensor to obtain the ambient humidity, denoted as ; Use the temperature sensor to obtain the surface temperature, denoted as .

[0018] The advantage of step 1 is that it systematically collects environmental parameters and material parameters through comprehensive survey and analysis, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the model input data. This method is different from traditional technology that only relies on simple or single tests. It can take into account the impact of dynamic changes such as environmental humidity and surface temperature on rock mass performance, providing a solid data foundation for the calculation of subsequent indexes, thereby improving the comprehensiveness and scientificity of the model.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the implementation of step 1 can effectively reduce the errors caused by missing or inaccurate data, thereby improving the credibility of the overall prediction model. Through systematic parameter collection, the subsequent calculations of the physical impact index, environmental adaptability index, and fracture stability index are more accurate, which enhances the adaptability and practicality of the model and can better reflect the mechanical behavior of the rock mass under actual engineering conditions. In this application scheme, the results of step 1 are used to promote the overall scheme. It not only provides the necessary parameter support for subsequent dynamic load tests and correlation analysis, but also enables the constructed seismic prediction model to be optimized and adjusted based on real engineering data. This data-driven approach can improve the scientificity and reliability of the prediction, and help achieve higher safety and stability in actual engineering applications.

[0020] Step 2: Calculate the physical impact index based on the dimensionless processed rock density, elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, and rock fracture ratio; calculate the environmental adaptability index based on the dimensionless processed surface temperature and rock water absorption rate; calculate the fracture stability index based on the dimensionless processed rock fracture ratio, environmental humidity, elastic modulus, and Poisson's ratio; In this embodiment, the formula for calculating the physical impact index is as follows: ; in, is the physical impact index, is the rock density, is the elastic modulus, is Poisson's ratio, is the ambient humidity, The ambient humidity under ideal conditions is is the rock fracture ratio, is the crack influence coefficient, and ; Higher rock density usually means higher mineral content and stronger physical structure, which will increase the compressive strength and overall stiffness of the rock, making the rock mass more stable when bearing loads and actively supporting seismic performance. When increasing, The smaller the Poisson's ratio, the smaller the lateral strain of the rock mass when it is subjected to stress, and the larger the longitudinal strain, which means that it is more inclined to maintain its shape when subjected to stress and is not easy to deform. When decreasing, Increase; when When it increases, it means that the deviation between the ambient humidity and the ideal ambient humidity increases. The rock may have microcracks or other physical changes due to the absorption or release of moisture, thus affecting its earthquake resistance. will decrease; when the rock fracture rate When the rock is enlarged, it means that the continuity and overall strength of the rock are weakened, thus affecting its mechanical properties and causing Decrease; that is, , and There is a positive correlation, , , and There is a negative correlation.

[0021] The formula for calculating the environmental adaptability index is as follows: ; in, is the environmental adaptability index, is the surface temperature, is the water absorption rate of rock, is the friction angle measured by experiment, the angle range is [25°, 60°], and the specific angle depends on the type of rock; Represents the surface temperature The deviation from the ideal temperature of 20°C affects the environmental adaptability index The impact of When it increases, it indicates that the deviation between the current surface temperature and the ideal temperature increases, which is not conducive to the stability and adaptability of the rock. At this time, the environmental adaptability index will decrease; higher rock water absorption rate may make the rock less adaptable in a humid environment and reduce its stability. Therefore, when S increases, will decrease; that is, , Environmental adaptability index There is a negative correlation.

[0022] The calculation formula of the fracture stability index is as follows: ; in, is the crack stability index, is the rock fracture ratio, is the ambient humidity, The ambient humidity under ideal conditions is is the Poisson's ratio of the rock mass, is the elastic modulus of the rock mass.

[0023] Higher rock fracture rate usually means that the continuity of the rock is degraded, resulting in decreased stability of the fractures. When increasing, will increase; when When it increases, it means that the humidity deviation increases, which may lead to instability of cracks in actual engineering. will decrease; the smaller the Poisson's ratio is, the smaller the lateral strain of the rock mass is when it is subjected to stress, and the correspondingly larger the longitudinal strain is, which means that it is more inclined to maintain its shape when subjected to stress and is not easy to deform. When increasing, Increase; The elastic modulus reflects the stiffness of the material. A higher elastic modulus indicates that the rock mass has a lower deformation capacity under load, which may enhance the stability of the crack. The increase in may mean better fracture stability, leading to The value decreases; that is, , , and There is a positive correlation, and There is a negative correlation.

[0024] The advantage of step 2 is that the physical impact index, environmental adaptability index and fracture stability index can be effectively calculated by dimensionless processing of various rock and environmental parameters. This method not only improves the comparability of data, but also eliminates the interference of different units on the calculation results, making the correlation between various indexes clearer, enhancing the scientificity and accuracy of the model, and having a higher comprehensiveness than the single or local parameter analysis provided by traditional methods.

[0025] Compared with the existing technology, step 2 can provide a more comprehensive and in-depth analysis of soil and rock properties by systematically calculating multiple key indicators. Traditional methods often only focus on a single mechanical parameter and fail to fully consider the interaction of multiple environmental and material factors. The implementation of this step ensures that the comprehensive performance of the rock mass can be objectively reflected in a complex engineering environment, thereby improving the reliability of the seismic prediction model. In this application scheme, the use of step 2 will promote further optimization of the overall scheme. By converting a number of important parameters into quantifiable indexes, this lays a solid data foundation for subsequent dynamic response testing and the construction of structural seismic prediction models. At the same time, this process will enable the model to flexibly adapt to changes in different environmental conditions, improve the safety and effectiveness of the overall engineering design, and thus achieve more efficient risk assessment and management.

[0026] Step 3: Perform a dynamic load test on the rock mass to obtain dynamic response data of the rock mass, wherein the dynamic response characteristics are the natural frequency of the rock mass and the damping ratio of the entire vibration system, and perform a correlation analysis on the natural frequency and the damping ratio to generate a dynamic response index; In this embodiment, the specific logic for obtaining the natural frequency of the rock mass is as follows: Install the accelerometer on the rock mass to ensure good contact between the accelerometer and the rock mass. Use vibration equipment to apply continuous dynamic load to the rock mass and record the time domain signal output by the accelerometer in real time. Use fast Fourier transform to extract the frequency characteristics from the time domain signal and find the frequency with the largest amplitude, which is the natural frequency of the rock mass. ; The vibration system refers to a complete structural system including the rock mass and its surrounding soil. The damping ratio of the entire vibration system is collected based on the following specific logic: an impact load is applied to the rock mass, and then its free vibration response is recorded. The vibration signal is recorded using an accelerometer, and the vibration signal is analyzed to observe the attenuation of the vibration amplitude over time. For each group of two adjacent peaks, the damping ratio is calculated by calculating the amplitude ratio of the adjacent peaks: ; in, is the damping ratio, and is the amplitude of two adjacent peaks, is the index of the peak, and , The total number of recorded peak values ​​is the average value of the damping ratios obtained for all groups, which is taken as the damping ratio of the entire vibration system and recorded as ; The formula for generating the dynamic response index is as follows: ; in, is the dynamic response index, is the natural frequency of the rock mass, The preset scale factor is is the damping ratio, is its preset proportionality factor, and This is because the natural frequency directly reflects the stiffness characteristics of the system, while the damping ratio mainly affects the characteristics of the dynamic response and energy dissipation. Comprehensive consideration of these two parameters can more comprehensively evaluate the dynamic performance of the rock mass, but in terms of the direct impact of stiffness, the natural frequency is more critical; when When it increases, it indicates that the structure has stronger stiffness, which is beneficial to the bearing capacity and seismic performance. Increase; when When the damping ratio increases, the system's response to dynamic loads decays faster. A high damping ratio can reduce the duration of vibration and reduce potential damage to the structure. Therefore, the dynamic response index Increase; that is, , Dynamic Response Index There is a positive correlation.

[0027] The advantage of step 3 is that the dynamic response data of the rock mass is obtained through dynamic load tests, which enables a comprehensive evaluation of the mechanical behavior of the rock mass under actual engineering conditions. This test method can not only obtain the natural frequency and damping ratio of the rock mass, but also reflect the true performance of the rock mass under dynamic loads. Compared with the traditional method that only relies on static test data, step 3 provides more accurate and reliable dynamic performance data, which helps to deeply understand the response characteristics of the rock mass under different loads.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the implementation of step 3 makes the generation of the dynamic response index more scientifically based and can better reflect the stability of the rock mass under complex seismic loads and other dynamic effects. This method of combining dynamic testing and analysis improves the predictive ability and accuracy of the model, especially when facing extreme environments or load changes, it can effectively reduce potential engineering risks. In this application scheme, the adoption of step 3 will greatly promote the optimization and implementation of the overall scheme. By obtaining dynamic response data, key parameters are provided for subsequent structural seismic prediction models, thereby achieving a comprehensive assessment of rock mass behavior. This process not only enhances the adaptability and stability of the model, but also provides a scientific basis for engineering design, helps to achieve a higher level of safety and reliability, and thus improves the implementation effect of the overall project.

[0029] Step 4: Construct a structural seismic prediction model based on the physical impact index, environmental adaptability index, crack stability index, and dynamic response index, generate the weights in the model through the hierarchical analysis method, and use the structural seismic prediction model to generate the structural seismic index of the rock structure at the base-cover interface; In this embodiment, a structural seismic prediction model is constructed based on the physical impact index, environmental adaptability index, crack stability index, and dynamic response index. The model expression is as follows: ; in, is the structural seismic resistance index, is the physical impact index, is the environmental adaptability index, is the crack stability index, is the dynamic response index, , , and is the proportionality coefficient.

[0030] when When it increases, it means that the structural material has better performance in earthquake resistance, so Increase; high environmental adaptability means that the structural material has good adaptability to changes in the external environment, thereby improving the seismic performance. When increasing, will increase accordingly; a higher fracture stability index usually indicates that the stability of the rock mass or structure is poor, which may lead to the structure being easily damaged under earthquake action; a higher dynamic response index usually indicates that the structure has a stronger response ability under dynamic load and can better adapt to earthquakes; that is, , , and There is a positive correlation, and There is a negative correlation.

[0031] The specific logic of generating weights in the structural seismic prediction model through the analytic hierarchy process is: The four indicators of physical impact index, environmental adaptability index, crack stability index and dynamic response index are marked, and the relative importance values ​​between them are determined by the nine-scale method to construct a judgment matrix, in which the index of the physical impact index is marked as 1, the index of the environmental adaptability index is marked as 2, the index of the crack stability index is marked as 3, and the index of the dynamic response index is marked as 4. The constructed judgment matrix is: ; in, , denotes the index of the index, and , , Indicates that the index is The index relative to the index is The index importance of , the importance is scaled from 1 to 9, and The larger the value, the higher the index. The index is compared to the index The greater the importance of the index, , ; Each element value in the judgment matrix is ​​divided by the sum of its columns to obtain the normalized judgment matrix. The mean of the element values ​​in each row of the normalized judgment matrix is ​​calculated, and the mean of the element values ​​in the first row is used as the weight of the physical impact index, the mean of the element values ​​in the second row is used as the weight of the environmental adaptability index, the mean of the element values ​​in the third row is used as the weight of the crack stability index, and the mean of the element values ​​in the fourth row is used as the weight of the dynamic response index. With the constraint that the sum of the scaled values ​​is equal to 1, the four weights are scaled in equal proportions, and the scaled weights are used as the proportional coefficients of the corresponding indexes.

[0032] The advantage of step 4 is that it can comprehensively evaluate the seismic capacity of the rock mass at the base-cover interface by building a structural seismic prediction model through the calculation of comprehensive different indexes. This step integrates the physical impact index, environmental adaptability index, crack stability index and dynamic response index, so that the model can reflect the comprehensive impact of multiple factors on the rock mass structure, thereby improving the scientificity and reliability of the prediction.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, step 4 generates weights through the hierarchical analysis method, so that each parameter can have different degrees of influence on the seismic prediction model according to its relative importance. This is different from the traditional method that usually relies on a single parameter or an overly simple weighting method. The implementation of step 4 ensures the dynamics and adaptability of the model, and can more accurately reflect the complexity in actual engineering. In the present application scheme, the use of step 4 will promote the systematization and scientificization of the overall scheme. By constructing a structural seismic prediction model, this step not only provides a basis for subsequent engineering design and decision-making, but also can achieve higher safety and stability in practical applications. At the same time, this process can provide data support for the optimal design of rock structures, thereby improving the seismic resistance and disaster prevention and mitigation effects of the overall project.

[0034] See also Figure 2 , a simulation system for predicting mechanical parameters of rock mass structural surface at the base-cover interface, including: A parameter acquisition module is used to survey and analyze the rock structure at the base-cover interface, and to collect environmental parameters and material parameters. The environmental parameters include environmental humidity and surface temperature, and the material parameters include rock density, elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, rock crack rate, and rock water absorption rate. Data processing module, based on dimensionless processed rock density, elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, rock crack ratio, calculates physical impact index; based on dimensionless processed surface temperature and rock water absorption rate, calculates environmental adaptability index; based on dimensionless processed rock crack ratio, environmental humidity, elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio, calculates crack stability index; The dynamic response module is used to perform a dynamic load test on the rock mass to obtain dynamic response data of the rock mass. The dynamic response characteristics are the natural frequency of the rock mass and the damping ratio of the entire vibration system. The natural frequency and the damping ratio are subjected to correlation analysis to generate a dynamic response index. The seismic index prediction module is used to construct a structural seismic prediction model based on the physical impact index, environmental adaptability index, crack stability index, and dynamic response index, generate weights within the model through the hierarchical analysis method, and use the structural seismic prediction model to generate the structural seismic index of the base-cover interface rock structure.

[0035] The above formulas are all dimensionless and numerical calculations. The formula is a formula for the most recent real situation obtained by collecting a large amount of data and performing software simulation. The preset parameters in the formula are set by technicians in this field according to actual conditions.

[0036] The above embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any other combination thereof. When implemented by software, the above embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. Those skilled in the art may appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented by electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed by hardware or software methods depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution.

[0037] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, and may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0038] The above description is only a specific implementation manner of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A simulation method for predicting mechanical parameters of rock mass structural surface at the base-cover interface, characterized in that: The specific steps include: Step 1: Survey and analyze the rock structure at the base-cover interface, and collect environmental parameters and material parameters. The environmental parameters include environmental humidity and surface temperature, and the material parameters include rock density, elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, rock crack rate, and rock water absorption rate; Step 2: Calculate the physical impact index based on the dimensionless processed rock density, elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, and rock fracture ratio; calculate the environmental adaptability index based on the dimensionless processed surface temperature and rock water absorption rate; calculate the fracture stability index based on the dimensionless processed rock fracture ratio, environmental humidity, elastic modulus, and Poisson's ratio; Step 3: Perform a dynamic load test on the rock mass to obtain dynamic response data of the rock mass, wherein the dynamic response characteristics are the natural frequency of the rock mass and the damping ratio of the entire vibration system, and perform a correlation analysis on the natural frequency and the damping ratio to generate a dynamic response index; Step 4: Construct a structural seismic prediction model based on the physical impact index, environmental adaptability index, crack stability index, and dynamic response index, generate the weights in the model through the hierarchical analysis method, and use the structural seismic prediction model to generate the structural seismic index of the base-cover interface rock structure.

2. The simulation method for predicting mechanical parameters of rock mass structural surface at the base-cover interface according to claim 1 is characterized by: The specific logic of collecting the rock mass elastic modulus is as follows: a certain volume of original rock mass is collected from the site, prepared into a standard specimen, the specimen is placed in a uniaxial compression testing machine, axial load is gradually applied, stress and strain are measured, and a stress-strain curve is plotted. The elastic modulus of the rock mass is obtained from the linear part of the stress-strain curve, i.e., the initial slope. ; A certain volume of original rock mass is collected from the site and prepared into a standard specimen. The specimen is placed in a uniaxial compression testing machine. During the compression process, the axial deformation and lateral deformation are measured, and the Poisson's ratio of the rock mass is calculated according to the following formula: ； in, is the Poisson's ratio of the rock mass, is the lateral strain, is the axial strain; Axial strain It is the ratio of the deformation along the load direction to the original length, and the calculation formula is: ； in, is the axial strain, is the axial deformation, i.e. the deformed length minus the original length; is the original length along the load direction; Transverse strain is the ratio of the deformation perpendicular to the load direction to the original length, and the calculation formula is: ； in, is the lateral strain, is the lateral deformation, i.e. the deformed length minus the original length; is the original length perpendicular to the load direction; The specific logic for obtaining the water absorption rate of rocks is as follows: collect a certain volume of rock from the site as a sample, put the sample into water, record its weight change over a certain period of time to calculate the water absorption rate of the rock, and use the sample water absorption rate as the water absorption rate of the rock: ； in, is the water absorption rate of rock, is the wet weight of the sample, is the sample dry weight; The specific logic for obtaining the rock fracture ratio is as follows: a certain volume of rock is collected from the site as a sample, cut into thin slices with a thickness of 30 microns, and the sample is observed using an optical microscope. The digital image processing software is used to obtain the fracture area of ​​the sample and the total area of ​​the rock sample to calculate the rock fracture ratio, and the sample fracture ratio is used as the rock fracture ratio: ； in, is the rock fracture ratio, is the fracture area, which represents the total area of ​​all visible fractures in the rock sample, is the total area of ​​the rock sample, which represents the entire surface area of ​​the rock sample; Using the water immersion method, the density of the rock mass on site is obtained and recorded as ; Use the humidity sensor to obtain the ambient humidity, denoted as ; Use the temperature sensor to obtain the surface temperature, denoted as .

3. The simulation method for predicting mechanical parameters of rock mass structural surface at the base-cover interface according to claim 2 is characterized by: The formula for calculating the physical impact index is as follows: ； in, is the physical impact index, is the rock density, is the elastic modulus, is Poisson's ratio, is the ambient humidity, The ambient humidity under ideal conditions is is the rock fracture ratio, is the crack influence coefficient, and ; The formula for calculating the environmental adaptability index is as follows: ； in, is the environmental adaptability index, is the surface temperature, is the water absorption rate of rock, is the friction angle measured by experiment, the angle range is [25°, 60°], and the specific angle depends on the type of rock; The calculation formula of the fracture stability index is as follows: ； in, is the crack stability index, is the rock fracture ratio, is the ambient humidity, The ambient humidity under ideal conditions is is the Poisson's ratio of the rock mass, is the elastic modulus of the rock mass.

4. The simulation method for predicting mechanical parameters of rock mass structural surface at the base-cover interface according to claim 1 is characterized by: The specific logic for obtaining the natural frequency of the rock mass is as follows: Install the accelerometer on the rock mass to ensure good contact between the accelerometer and the rock mass. Use vibration equipment to apply continuous dynamic load to the rock mass and record the time domain signal output by the accelerometer in real time. Apply fast Fourier transform to extract the frequency characteristics from the time domain signal and find the frequency with the largest amplitude, which is the natural frequency of the rock mass. ; The vibration system refers to a complete structural system including the rock mass and its surrounding soil. The damping ratio of the entire vibration system is collected based on the following specific logic: an impact load is applied to the rock mass, and then its free vibration response is recorded. The vibration signal is recorded using an accelerometer, and the vibration signal is analyzed to observe the attenuation of the vibration amplitude over time. For each group of two adjacent peaks, the damping ratio is calculated by calculating the amplitude ratio of the adjacent peaks: ； in, is the damping ratio, and is the amplitude of two adjacent peaks, is the index of the peak, and , K is the total number of recorded peak values, and the damping ratios obtained from all groups are averaged as the damping ratio of the entire vibration system, denoted as ; The formula for generating the dynamic response index is as follows: ； in, is the dynamic response index, is the natural frequency of the rock mass, The preset scale factor is is the damping ratio, is its preset proportionality factor, and .

5. The simulation method for predicting mechanical parameters of rock mass structural surface at the base-cover interface according to claim 1 is characterized by: The structural seismic prediction model is constructed based on the physical impact index, environmental adaptability index, crack stability index, and dynamic response index. The model expression is as follows: ； in, is the structural seismic resistance index, is the physical impact index, is the environmental adaptability index, is the crack stability index, is the dynamic response index, , , and is the proportionality coefficient.

6. The simulation method for predicting mechanical parameters of rock mass structural surface at the base-cover interface according to claim 5 is characterized by: The specific logic of generating weights in the structural seismic prediction model through the analytic hierarchy process is: The four indicators of physical impact index, environmental adaptability index, crack stability index and dynamic response index are marked, and the relative importance values ​​between them are determined by the nine-scale method to construct a judgment matrix, in which the index of the physical impact index is marked as 1, the index of the environmental adaptability index is marked as 2, the index of the crack stability index is marked as 3, and the index of the dynamic response index is marked as 4. The constructed judgment matrix is: ； in, , denotes the index of the index, and , , Indicates that the index is The index relative to the index is The index importance of , the importance is scaled from 1 to 9, and The larger the value, the higher the index. The index is compared to the index The greater the importance of the index, , ; Each element value in the judgment matrix is ​​divided by the sum of its columns to obtain the normalized judgment matrix. The mean of the element values ​​in each row of the normalized judgment matrix is ​​calculated, and the mean of the element values ​​in the first row is used as the weight of the physical impact index, the mean of the element values ​​in the second row is used as the weight of the environmental adaptability index, the mean of the element values ​​in the third row is used as the weight of the crack stability index, and the mean of the element values ​​in the fourth row is used as the weight of the dynamic response index. With the constraint that the sum of the scaled values ​​is equal to 1, the four weights are scaled in equal proportions, and the scaled weights are used as the proportional coefficients of the corresponding indexes.

7. A simulation system for predicting mechanical parameters of rock mass structural surfaces at the base-cover interface, characterized in that: The simulation system for predicting mechanical parameters of a rock mass structural surface at a base-cover interface is used to execute the simulation method for predicting mechanical parameters of a rock mass structural surface at a base-cover interface as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising: A parameter acquisition module is used to survey and analyze the rock structure at the base-cover interface, and to collect environmental parameters and material parameters. The environmental parameters include environmental humidity and surface temperature, and the material parameters include rock density, elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, rock crack rate, and rock water absorption rate. Data processing module, based on dimensionless processed rock density, elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, rock crack ratio, calculates physical impact index; based on dimensionless processed surface temperature and rock water absorption rate, calculates environmental adaptability index; based on dimensionless processed rock crack ratio, environmental humidity, elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio, calculates crack stability index; The dynamic response module is used to perform a dynamic load test on the rock mass to obtain dynamic response data of the rock mass. The dynamic response characteristics are the natural frequency of the rock mass and the damping ratio of the entire vibration system. The natural frequency and the damping ratio are subjected to correlation analysis to generate a dynamic response index. The seismic index prediction module is used to construct a structural seismic prediction model based on the physical impact index, environmental adaptability index, crack stability index, and dynamic response index, generate weights within the model through the hierarchical analysis method, and use the structural seismic prediction model to generate the structural seismic index of the base-cover interface rock structure.

Images