Pre-cooling equipment for cooling fruits and vegetables by cold storage water

Abstract

The invention discloses pre-cooling equipment for cooling fruits and vegetables by cold storage water. Comprising a material area used for containing fruits and vegetables, a cold storage water tank arranged at the lower end of the material area, a cold storage device used for conducting cooling and cold storage on water in the cold storage water tank, and a cold storage cavity formed between the material area and the water surface in the cold storage water tank. The air cooling conveying device is used for conveying cold air in the cold storage cavity to the material area; and the air return device is used for conveying hot air in the material area to the cold storage cavity. According to the precooling equipment, cold air is adopted for cooling and precooling fruits and vegetables, the problem that field heat of part of fruits and vegetables cannot be removed in a water precooling mode is solved, the fruits and vegetables can be prevented from being rotten, an air cooling cooling circulation mode is adopted, the cold energy utilization efficiency is high, and the precooling effect is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fruit and vegetable precooling, and in particular to a cold water-storage air-cooling fruit and vegetable precooling device. Background Art

[0002] Precooling of fruits and vegetables can quickly eliminate the field heat after fruits and vegetables are picked in the field, alleviate the water loss rate, reduce respiratory heat, effectively reduce the consumption of nutrients, maintain the fresh quality and taste of fruits and vegetables, extend their storage period and shelf life, reduce post-harvest losses of fruits and vegetables, and reduce the refrigeration load of cold storage and transportation equipment.

[0003] The key to pre-cooling fruits and vegetables is rapid cooling. The quality of fruits and vegetables changes the most within a few hours after they are picked. If they go directly to the market without pre-cooling after picking, or if pre-cooling is delayed and they go directly to cold storage, the heat accumulation of fresh fruits and vegetables will be serious, the spoilage rate will increase significantly, the quality of fruits and vegetables will decline, and the shelf life will be shortened.

[0004] Existing devices for precooling fruits and vegetables usually use water precooling, which is performed by spraying cold water. After the water precooling treatment, there will be moisture left in the fruits and vegetables. If they are directly packaged, they will easily rot if they are not dried for a long time. In addition, the water precooling method is not suitable for all fruits and vegetables. Some fruits and vegetables (such as bananas, strawberries, grapes, potatoes, onions, etc.) cannot remove field heat through water precooling, and the fruits and vegetables will rot faster when they come into contact with water. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned problems and provide a precooling device for cold water-cooled fruits and vegetables. The precooling device uses cold air to cool and precool fruits and vegetables, which solves the problem that some fruits and vegetables cannot remove field heat through water precooling, can prevent fruits and vegetables from rotting, and adopts an air-cooling cooling cycle method, with high cold utilization efficiency and good precooling effect.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A precooling device for cold water-cooled fruits and vegetables comprises a material area for placing fruits and vegetables, a cold water tank arranged at the lower end of the material area, a cold storage device for cooling water in the cold water tank and storing cold, a cold storage cavity arranged between the material area and the water surface in the cold water tank, an air-cooled conveying device for conveying cold air in the cold storage cavity to the material area, and a return air device for conveying hot air from the material area to the cold storage cavity.

[0008] The working principle of the above-mentioned cold water air-cooled fruit and vegetable pre-cooling equipment is:

[0009] After the cold storage tank is filled with water, the cold storage device is started to store and cool the water in the cold storage tank. There is a cold storage cavity between the water surface in the cold storage tank and the material area. The water in the cold storage tank will cool the air in the cold storage cavity. After the cold storage is completed, the air temperature in the cold storage cavity is close to the cold water temperature. The air-cooling conveying device conveys the cold air in the cold storage cavity to the material area to cool down the fruits and vegetables in the material area. The return air device draws the hot air after the cold air and the fruits and vegetables have exchanged heat into the cold storage cavity to achieve cold exchange and realize air cooling cycle.

[0010] A preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein the precooling equipment further includes a controller, a wind field detection device and a fruit and vegetable temperature prediction model; wherein the controller is used to control the operation of the cold storage device, the air-cooled conveying device, the return air device, the wind field detection device and the fruit and vegetable temperature prediction model; the wind field detection device is used to detect the change of the wind in the material area in real time; the fruit and vegetable temperature prediction model is used to obtain the appropriate cooling point for fruits and vegetables. With the above structure, the wind field detection device detects the change of the wind in the material area in real time, and the controller adjusts the wind speed and wind direction of the air-cooled conveying device according to the detection result of the wind field detection device to achieve the optimal air cooling effect of the precooling equipment; the fruit and vegetable temperature prediction model can accurately predict the precooling temperature of fruits and vegetables, and the air-cooled cooling cycle has high cold capacity utilization efficiency, which reduces the insufficient precooling and overcooling of fruits and vegetables caused by inaccurate prediction of fruit and vegetable temperature, improves the precooling effect of fruits and vegetables, and prolongs the shelf life of fruits and vegetables.

[0011] Preferably, the precooling equipment further comprises a negative ion oxygenating device arranged on the air-cooling conveying device. The cold air conveyed by the air-cooling conveying device passes through the negative ion oxygenating device, and the ozone radical ions generated by the negative ion oxygenating device are in the cold air, and the cold air is blown to the fruits and vegetables in the material area through the air-cooling conveying device, and the ozone radical ions react on the fruits and vegetables, thereby achieving the effect of sterilizing and disinfecting the fruits and vegetables in a low-temperature environment.

[0012] Preferably, the cold storage device includes a condensing coil, a compressor and a condensing fan; the condensing coil is arranged in the water of the cold storage water tank, one end of the condensing coil is connected to one end of the compressor, the other end of the compressor is connected to one end of the condensing fan, and the other end of the condensing fan is connected to the other end of the condensing coil. When you click to start cold storage, the compressor and the condensing fan are started, the temperature of the condensing coil is reduced, and the water in the cold storage water tank is cooled and stored.

[0013] Preferably, the air-cooled conveying device includes multiple groups of air-cooled conveying mechanisms, each group of air-cooled conveying mechanisms includes multiple air outlets arranged on the material area, a conveying fan arranged at the upper end of the cold storage cavity, and an insulated air duct arranged between the air outlet and the conveying fan; the conveying fan is connected to the upper end of the cold storage cavity; the negative ion oxygen device is arranged on one of the insulated air ducts. In the above structure, after the cold storage device has completed the water storage in the cold storage water tank, click to start air cooling, the conveying fan starts, and the conveying fan pumps the cold air in the cold storage cavity to the air outlet through the insulated air duct, and blows it onto the fruits and vegetables in the material area through the air outlet.

[0014] Furthermore, the air outlet is an adjustable air outlet. The air outlet adopts a round hole type adjustable design, and the air outlet position can be flexibly adjusted.

[0015] Preferably, the return air device includes a plurality of return air fans arranged between the material area and the cold storage cavity, one end of the return air fan is connected to the material area, and the other end of the return air fan is connected to the cold storage cavity. By arranging the return air fan, cold air is blown from the air outlet to the fruits and vegetables in the material area. After the cold air and the fruits and vegetables undergo heat exchange, the hot air in the material area passes through the return air fan and returns to the cold storage cavity. The cold storage cavity cools the hot air again to form cold air, thereby achieving air circulation and cold and heat exchange.

[0016] Preferably, a filter layer is provided between the material area and the cold storage cavity. In the above structure, by providing the filter layer, the air in the material area passes through the filter layer and is transported to the cold storage cavity through the return air fan, thereby filtering the air.

[0017] Preferably, the wind field detection device includes two wind field sensors arranged in the material area, and the wind field sensors detect the changes in the wind in the material area in real time during air cooling to obtain wind field parameters; and then compare them with the optimal parameters of the optimal wind field simulation model. If the real-time wind field parameter range is not within the optimal wind field simulation model, the controller controls and adjusts the conveying fan to adjust the wind speed and direction of each air outlet.

[0018] Preferably, the processing method of the fruit and vegetable temperature prediction model is:

[0019] By recording the temperature changes of fruits and vegetables during the air cooling process, the data is optimized using a neural network model and converted into time changes to obtain the temperature changes of fruits and vegetables during cooling, so as to predict the appropriate cooling point for fruits and vegetables. This reduces the phenomenon of insufficient pre-cooling and over-cooling of fruits and vegetables caused by inaccurate temperature prediction of fruits and vegetables, improves the pre-cooling effect of fruits and vegetables, and extends the shelf life of fruits and vegetables.

[0020] Preferably, the precooling equipment further includes an equipment area, and the compressor, condensing fan, conveying fan and insulation air duct are all arranged in the equipment area.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. The precooling equipment of the present invention has a very low air temperature in the cold storage cavity after the water in the cold storage water tank is completely cooled. The cold storage cavity is connected to the material area through an air-cooling conveying device, and cold air is used to cool and precool the fruits and vegetables, thereby solving the problem that some fruits and vegetables cannot remove field heat through water precooling, preventing the fruits and vegetables from rotting, and well controlling the precooling temperature. Most of the water on the surface of the fruits and vegetables after water cooling can also be removed, making full use of the energy of the cold storage water tank after cold storage; in addition, an air-cooling temperature reduction cycle is realized through the material area, the cold storage cavity, the air-cooling conveying device and the return air device, with high cold utilization efficiency and good precooling effect.

[0023] 2. The pre-cooling equipment in the present invention cools the air in the cold storage cavity through the water in the cold storage water tank. Due to the high thermal conductivity of water, it can quickly take away heat to maintain the ambient temperature of the cold storage water tank well, saving energy, and the cold utilization efficiency is high and can be precisely controlled. Compared with the cold storage device that directly cools the air, the thermal conductivity of air is much lower than that of water, which will reduce the utilization efficiency, the cold air circulation efficiency is low, the energy consumption is high and it is difficult to control.

[0024] 3. The preferred embodiment of the present invention adjusts the wind speed and direction of the air-cooled conveying device through the detection results of the wind field detection device to achieve the optimal air cooling effect of the pre-cooling equipment; the pre-cooling temperature of fruits and vegetables can be accurately predicted through the fruit and vegetable temperature prediction model, and the cold capacity utilization efficiency of the air-cooling cooling cycle is high.

[0025] 4. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the negative ion active oxygen device generates ozone radical ions which are mixed in the cold air, which can not only ensure the low temperature environment for pre-cooling fruits and vegetables, but also achieve disinfection through a series of reactions, and can also remove harmful bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and Helicobacter pylori on the surface of fruits and vegetables.

[0026] 5. The preferred embodiment of the present invention uses a neural network algorithm to accurately predict the pre-cooling temperature of fruits and vegetables, and automatically controls the operation and stop of the compressor and the conveying fan through temperature change prediction, thereby improving the intelligence of the device, greatly enhancing the stability and accuracy of pre-cooling and heat removal of fruits and vegetables, improving the effect of pre-cooling fruits and vegetables, improving the quality of fruits and vegetables, and extending the shelf life of fruits and vegetables.

[0027] 6. The wind field detection device detects the intensity and uniformity of the cold air in the material area, and obtains the optimal wind field simulation model by simulating the optimal parameters of the wind field under different wind field modes. When the real-time wind field parameters are not within the parameter range of the optimal wind field simulation model, the controller controls the conveying fan and the air outlet angle to adjust the cold air intensity and the air outlet angle to achieve the optimal air cooling effect of the pre-cooling equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a precooling device for cold water storage and air cooling of fruits and vegetables in the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 It is a top view of a pre-cooling device for cold water storage and air cooling of fruits and vegetables in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0031] See also Figure 1-Figure 2 The present embodiment discloses a precooling device for cold water air cooling fruits and vegetables, comprising a material area 18 for placing fruits and vegetables, a cold water tank 13 arranged at the lower end of the material area 18, a cold storage device for cooling and storing water in the cold water tank 13, a cold storage cavity 14 arranged between the material area 18 and the water surface in the cold water tank 13, a cold air conveying device for conveying cold air in the cold storage cavity 14 to the material area 18, a return air device for conveying hot air in the material area 18 (referring to air that has undergone heat exchange with cold air in the material area 18) to the cold storage cavity 14, a negative ion oxygenating device 5 arranged on the cold air conveying device, a controller, a wind field detection device, and a fruit and vegetable temperature prediction model; wherein the controller is used to control the operation of the cold storage device, the cold air conveying device, the return air device, the wind field detection device, the negative ion oxygenating device 5, and the fruit and vegetable temperature prediction model; the wind field detection device is used to detect the change of wind in the material area 18 in real time; and the fruit and vegetable temperature prediction model is used to obtain a suitable cooling point for fruits and vegetables. After water is injected into the cold storage water tank 13, cold storage is started. The water in the cold storage water tank 13 is cooled by the cold storage device, and the air temperature in the cold storage cavity 14 is reduced to become cold air. After the cold storage is completed, the air-cooled conveying device is started, and the temperature of the cold air remains unchanged after passing through the negative ion oxygenator 5, and ozone radical ions are generated in the cold air. The cold air is blown to the fruits and vegetables in the material area 18 through the air-cooled conveying device, and the ozone radical ions react on the fruits and vegetables to achieve the effect of sterilizing and disinfecting the fruits and vegetables in a low-temperature environment. The air in the material area 18 re-enters the cold storage cavity 14 through the return air device to achieve air circulation.

[0032] See also Figure 1The controller is an embedded system, which controls the operation of each device in the precooling equipment through a display screen, and detects the wind changes in the material area 18 in real time through a wind field detection device. The controller adjusts the wind speed and wind direction of the air-cooled conveying device according to the detection results of the wind field detection device to achieve the optimal air cooling effect of the precooling equipment; the fruit and vegetable temperature prediction model can accurately predict the precooling temperature of fruits and vegetables, and the cold capacity utilization efficiency of the air cooling cycle is high, which reduces the insufficient precooling and overcooling of fruits and vegetables caused by inaccurate fruit and vegetable temperature prediction, improves the precooling effect of fruits and vegetables, and extends the shelf life of fruits and vegetables.

[0033] See also Figure 1-Figure 2 , the cold storage device includes a condensing coil 12, a compressor 9 and a condensing fan 6; the condensing coil 12 is arranged in the water of the cold storage water tank 13, one end of the condensing coil 12 is connected to one end of the compressor 9, the other end of the compressor 9 is connected to one end of the condensing fan 6, and the other end of the condensing fan 6 is connected to the other end of the condensing coil 12. When clicking to start cold storage, the compressor 9 and the condensing fan 6 are started, the temperature of the condensing coil 12 is reduced, and the water in the cold storage water tank 13 is cooled and stored, and the water around the condensing coil 12 will cool down and freeze. The operation of the compressor 9 and the condensing fan 6 cools the condensing coil 12, and the water in the cold storage water tank 13 is cooled from room temperature to within 10° within half an hour, which is suitable for most pre-cooling temperature requirements of fruits and vegetables.

[0034] See also Figure 1 The condensing coil 12, the compressor 9 and the condensing fan are connected through a water cooling pipe 10.

[0035] See also Figure 1 The air-cooling conveying device includes a plurality of air-cooling conveying mechanisms, each of which includes a plurality of air outlets 2 arranged on the material area 18, a conveying fan 8 arranged at the upper end of the cold storage cavity 14, and an insulation air duct 1 arranged between the air outlet 2 and the conveying fan 8, one end of the insulation air duct 1 is connected with the air outlet 2, and the other end is connected with the conveying fan 8; the conveying fan 8 is connected with the upper end of the cold storage cavity 14; the negative ion oxygen device 5 is arranged on one of the insulation air ducts 1. In the above structure, after the cold storage device has finished storing water in the cold storage water tank 13, click to start air cooling, the conveying fan 8 is started, and the conveying fan 8 draws the cold air from the cold storage cavity 14 to the air outlet 2 through the insulation air duct 1, and blows it to the fruits and vegetables in the material area 18 through the air outlet 2.

[0036] See also Figure 1 , the conveying fan 8 is an axial flow fan.

[0037] See also Figure 1The air outlet 2 is an adjustable air outlet. The air outlet 2 adopts a round hole type adjustable design, and the air outlet position can be flexibly adjusted. The precooling equipment of this embodiment can also remove water from washed fruits and vegetables. The air outlet 2 is equipped with a 180° piston port, and the wind direction can be flexibly adjusted to achieve the best air cooling effect.

[0038] See also Figure 1 The negative ion oxygenator 5 is a negative ion oxygenator connected to the top of the conveying fan 8. The air-cooling conveying device can be automatically started after precooling, and the air-cooling time can be set, and the air-cooling temperature can be controlled to make full use of the cold storage cavity 14 resources to achieve water circulation and air circulation. The air-cooling temperature can also be adjusted to achieve a better precooling effect for fruits and vegetables.

[0039] See also Figure 1 The return air device includes a plurality of return air fans 15 disposed between the material area 18 and the cold storage cavity 14. One end of the return air fan 15 is connected to the material area 18, and the other end of the return air fan 15 is connected to the cold storage cavity 14. By providing the return air fan 15, cold air is blown from the air outlet 2 to the fruits and vegetables in the material area 18. After the cold air and the fruits and vegetables are heat-exchanged, the hot air in the material area 18 is returned to the cold storage cavity 14 through the return air fan 15. The cold storage cavity 14 cools the hot air again to form cold air, thereby achieving air circulation and cold and heat exchange.

[0040] See also Figure 1 A filter layer 16 is provided between the material area 18 and the cold storage cavity 14. In the above structure, by providing the filter layer 16, the air in the material area 18 passes through the filter layer 16 and is transported to the cold storage cavity 14 through the return air fan 15, thereby filtering the air.

[0041] See also Figure 1 The filter layer 16 includes two horizontally arranged perforated plates and a filter sponge arranged between the two layers of perforated plates. The perforated plates are provided with through holes connected to the cold storage box. The perforated plates can well support fruits and vegetables, and the material area 18 is connected to the cold storage cavity 14 through the through holes, and the filter sponge filters the air.

[0042] See also Figure 1 After water is injected into the cold storage water tank 13, since the water in the cold storage water tank 13 does not reach the highest point of the cold storage water tank 13, a cavity portion is formed between the top of the cold storage water tank 13 and the water surface. The cavity portion constitutes the cold storage cavity 14. When storing cold, the air temperature of the cavity portion decreases.

[0043] See also Figure 1The wind field detection device includes two wind field sensors 17 arranged in the material area 18. The wind field sensors 17 detect the changes in the wind in the material area 18 in real time during air cooling to obtain wind field parameters; and then compare them with the optimal parameters of the optimal wind field simulation model. If the real-time wind field parameter range is not within the optimal wind field simulation model (prediction model), the controller controls and adjusts the conveying fan 8 to adjust the wind speed and wind direction of each air outlet 2.

[0044] See also Figure 1 The wind field detection device detects the intensity and uniformity of the cold air in the material area 18, and obtains the optimal wind field simulation model by simulating the optimal parameters of the wind field under different wind field modes. When the real-time wind field parameters are not within the parameter range of the optimal wind field simulation model, the controller controls the conveying fan 8 and the angle of the air outlet 2 to adjust the cold air intensity and the angle of the air outlet 2 to achieve the optimal air cooling effect of the pre-cooling equipment.

[0045] See also Figure 1 , the processing method of the fruit and vegetable temperature prediction model is:

[0046] By recording the temperature changes of fruits and vegetables during the air cooling process, the data is optimized using a neural network model and converted into time changes to obtain the temperature changes of fruits and vegetables during cooling, so as to predict the appropriate cooling point for fruits and vegetables. This reduces the phenomenon of insufficient pre-cooling and over-cooling of fruits and vegetables caused by inaccurate temperature prediction of fruits and vegetables, improves the pre-cooling effect of fruits and vegetables, and extends the shelf life of fruits and vegetables.

[0047] The algorithm of the neural network model (i.e., the neural network model algorithm) predicts that the precooling temperature of fruits and vegetables is determined by the air temperature before air cooling, the weight of fruits and vegetables in the material area 18, the air temperature after air cooling, the precooling time, and the wind speed. The algorithm of the neural network model can predict the temperature of fruits and vegetables in the material area 18 based on the parameters returned in real time to decide whether to continue precooling the fruits and vegetables. When the predicted value is lower than the set value, the precooling is terminated.

[0048] See also Figure 1 The pre-cooling equipment also includes an equipment area, in which the compressor 9, condensing fan 6, conveying fan 8 and insulation air duct 1 are all arranged. The equipment area is also equipped with hardware such as an electric control box 7 and a display screen; a partition is provided between the equipment area and the material area 18.

[0049] See also Figure 1 The precooling equipment also includes a box body, the lower half of the box body is the cold water storage tank 13, the equipment area and the material area are located in the upper half of the box body, and the box body is provided with an insulation layer 3, the purpose of which is to better maintain the temperature in the cold water storage tank 13 and increase the precooling efficiency.

[0050] See also Figure 1During the precooling process, the fruit and vegetable temperature prediction model in the electric control box 7 can automatically control the start and stop of the compressor 9 and the conveying fan 8 to ensure the best precooling effect of fruits and vegetables. When the precooling temperature is not enough, the compressor 9 will be started to refrigerate and precool at the same time. If the temperature predicted by the model is reached during the air cooling process, the conveying fan 8 will be controlled to be turned off and the precooling will be stopped.

[0051] See also Figure 1 After the cold storage water tank 13 is filled with water, there is a cold storage cavity 14 between the water surface and the filter layer 16 and the equipment area. After the cold storage is completed, the air temperature of the cold storage cavity 14 is close to the cold water temperature. The material area 18 is a closable cavity. Eight holes are opened on the partition between the material area 18 and the equipment area, four holes on the upper and lower parts, and the holes are air outlets 2. There are three groups of air-cooled conveying mechanisms. The first group of air-cooled conveying mechanisms has four air outlets 2, which are located on the upper part of the partition. The second group of air-cooled conveying mechanisms and the third group of air-cooled conveying mechanisms each have two air outlets 2, which are located on the left and right sides of the lower part of the partition, respectively. The negative ion oxygen generator is located on the insulation air duct 1 of the second group of air-cooled conveying mechanisms. A hole is opened between the equipment area and the cold storage water tank 13, and the material area 18 and the cold storage cavity 14 are connected through the heat-insulating air duct 1. The conveying fan 8 is started to pump the cold wind (cold air) of the cold storage cavity 14 to the material area 18 to cool the fruits and vegetables. There are two return air fans 15 directly below the material area 18. The two return air fans 15 pump the hot air that has been heat exchanged with the fruits and vegetables in the material area 18 into the cold storage cavity 14 to achieve cold exchange and realize air cooling cycle.

[0052] See also Figure 1 The controller is a single chip microcomputer, and controls the pre-cooling equipment through an intelligent serial port screen (display screen). The temperature sensor 4 detects the cold wind (cold air) temperature of the material area 18. When the cold wind temperature is higher than the set temperature, the compressor 9 is automatically started to store cold to maintain the cold wind temperature.

[0053] See also Figure 1 The cold storage water tank 13 is also provided with a drain port 11 for easy drainage.

[0054] See also Figure 1 The material area 18 is provided with a temperature sensor 4 for real-time detection of the cold air temperature (cold air temperature) in the material area 18. Figure 1 The shear head in the figure indicates the flow direction of air.

[0055] See also Figure 1 The working principle of the above-mentioned cold water air-cooled fruit and vegetable pre-cooling equipment is:

[0056] After the cold storage water tank 13 is filled with water, click to start cold storage, the compressor 9 starts working, and the water in the cold storage water tank 13 is stored and cooled, and the water in the cold storage water tank 13 is cooled to 2°C. At this time, the air temperature in the cold storage cavity 14 also decreases, and the cold storage is completed; put fruits and vegetables in the material area 18, click to start purification, and the three conveying fans 8 are started at the same time to air-cool the fruits and vegetables in the material area 18. The new ozone produced by the reaction of the negative ion oxygen generator can sterilize and disinfect the fruits and vegetables in the material area 18, and can also better maintain the freshness of the fruits and vegetables under low temperature conditions to increase the preservation effect. The conveying fan 8 conveys the cold air in the cold storage cavity 14 through the insulation air duct 1 to the air outlet 2, and enters the material area 18 from the air outlet 2. The trajectory and wind direction of the air outlet 2 can be adjusted to achieve the best air cooling effect. The two return air fans 15 at the bottom of the filter layer 16 can suck the hot air after heat exchange in the material area 18 into the cold storage cavity 14 for cooling, and then draw it out through the conveying fan 8 into the material area 18 to reach The cooling capacity is exchanged and circulated; the temperature change of fruits and vegetables cooled by air cooling is predicted through the fruit and vegetable temperature prediction model, and the air cooling time required for the fruits and vegetables to be cooled to the appropriate preservation temperature under the air cooling conveying device is predicted, so as to achieve a better pre-cooling effect of fruits and vegetables and extend the shelf life of fruits and vegetables. The temperature sensor 4 in the material area 18 detects the cold air temperature in the material area 18 in real time. When the air cooling temperature rises and is not enough to maintain a good pre-cooling effect, the compressor 9 will be automatically controlled to start and perform pre-cooling while storing cold, thereby improving the pre-cooling efficiency; the wind field sensor 17 can sense the flow of the wind field in the entire material area 18, calculate the wind direction flow and uniformity of the wind field through the wind field simulation model, and extract the optimal model and parameters. When the actual material area 18 is inconsistent with the optimal model and parameter range, the controller controls the conveying fan 8 at different positions to adjust, adjusts the wind speed of the conveying fan 8 and adjusts the angle of the air outlet 2 for air cooling, maintains an efficient air cooling effect, improves the preservation effect of fruits and vegetables, and extends the shelf life of fruits and vegetables.

[0057] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the above content. Any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention should be equivalent replacement methods and are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A precooling device for fruits and vegetables with cold water and air cooling, characterized in that: It includes a material area for placing fruits and vegetables, a cold storage water tank arranged at the lower end of the material area, a cold storage device for cooling and storing water in the cold storage water tank, a cold storage cavity arranged between the material area and the water surface in the cold storage water tank, an air-cooling conveying device for conveying cold air in the cold storage cavity to the material area, and a return air device for conveying hot air from the material area to the cold storage cavity.

2. The cold water air-cooled fruit and vegetable pre-cooling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pre-cooling equipment also includes a controller, a wind field detection device and a fruit and vegetable temperature prediction model; wherein the controller is used to control the operation of the cold storage device, the air-cooled conveying device, the return air device, the wind field detection device and the fruit and vegetable temperature prediction model; the wind field detection device is used to detect the changes in the wind in the material area in real time; the fruit and vegetable temperature prediction model is used to obtain a suitable cooling point for fruits and vegetables.

3. The cold water air-cooled fruit and vegetable pre-cooling device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The precooling equipment also includes a negative ion oxygenating device arranged on the air-cooling conveying device.

4. The cold water air-cooled fruit and vegetable pre-cooling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cold storage device includes a condensing coil, a compressor and a condensing fan; the condensing coil is arranged in the water of the cold storage water tank, one end of the condensing coil is connected to one end of the compressor, the other end of the compressor is connected to one end of the condensing fan, and the other end of the condensing fan is connected to the other end of the condensing coil.

5. The cold water air-cooled fruit and vegetable pre-cooling device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The air-cooled conveying device includes multiple groups of air-cooled conveying mechanisms, each group of air-cooled conveying mechanisms includes multiple air outlets arranged on the material area, a conveying fan arranged at the upper end of the cold storage cavity, and an insulating air duct arranged between the air outlet and the conveying fan; the conveying fan is connected to the upper end of the cold storage cavity; the negative ion oxygen device is arranged on one of the insulating air ducts.

6. The cold water air-cooled fruit and vegetable pre-cooling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The return air device includes a plurality of return air fans arranged between the material area and the cold storage cavity, one end of the return air fan is connected to the material area, and the other end of the return air fan is connected to the cold storage cavity.

7. The cold water air-cooled fruit and vegetable pre-cooling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A filter layer is provided between the material area and the cold storage cavity.

8. The cold water air-cooled fruit and vegetable pre-cooling device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The wind field detection device includes two wind field sensors arranged in the material area. The wind field sensors detect the changes in the wind in the material area in real time during air cooling to obtain wind field parameters; and then compare them with the optimal parameters of the optimal wind field simulation model. If the real-time wind field parameter range is not within the optimal wind field simulation model, the controller controls and adjusts the conveying fan to adjust the wind speed and wind direction of each air outlet.

9. The cold water air-cooled fruit and vegetable pre-cooling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The processing method of the fruit and vegetable temperature prediction model is: By recording the temperature changes of fruits and vegetables during the air cooling process, the data is optimized using a neural network model and converted into time changes to obtain the temperature changes of fruits and vegetables when they are cooled, so as to predict the appropriate cooling point for fruits and vegetables.

10. The cold water air-cooled fruit and vegetable pre-cooling device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pre-cooling equipment also includes an equipment area, and the compressor, condensing fan, conveying fan and insulation air duct are all arranged in the equipment area.

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