Device and method for simulating dynamic process of surface runoff and underground pipe flowing water

Abstract

The invention relates to a device and method for simulating the dynamic process of surface runoff and underground pipe flowing water. The device comprises a rainfall system simulation part, a road runoff simulation part, a drainage pipe network simulation part, a water outlet part and a detection system. The flow meter, the valve and the variable-frequency water pump are used for controlling the water depth and the flow speed of the step flow, a rainfall simulation system is supplemented, and flood disaster situations including sudden rainstorm, dam break flood invasion into cities and city flood invasion under the mixed working condition can be achieved; and the detection system is used for measuring the flow and the flow velocity in the earth surface and the pipeline so as to simulate and analyze the process from the drainage and overflow process of the urban earth surface and the underground pipe network to the fluid acting force during street flood discharge under multiple working conditions. The flood discharge capacity of the pipe network is controlled by adjusting the diameter of each stage of pipeline in the pipe network, the pipeline blocking degree is controlled by adjusting the opening degree of the gate, and the confluence of the underground pipe network with different flood discharge capacities and the hydrodynamic process of the interaction connection position of the ground surface and the underground pipe network are simulated and analyzed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of urban flooding, and more particularly to a multi-condition simulation technology for urban flood water circulation processes, and more particularly to a device and method for simulating surface runoff and underground pipe flow hydrodynamic processes. Background Art

[0002] Floods are generally caused by natural factors such as heavy rains, which lead to the entry of guest water, and urban areas are flooded due to insufficient drainage capacity. Safe and rapid drainage of floods in urban areas is one of the effective measures to reduce the losses caused by flood disasters. The underground pipe network is the main drainage route in the urban area, but the interaction between surface runoff and underground pipe network seriously affects its drainage capacity. Therefore, it is necessary to study the hydrodynamic process of the interaction between surface runoff and underground pipe network during floods, analyze the impact of different diameter pipes on the interaction process under a certain flood volume, and provide decision support for the formulation of timely flood drainage and emergency repair plans when the urban area is flooded. The size of the discharge capacity of the rainwater outlet in the urban drainage system is crucial for calculating the degree of water accumulation in the flooded area or the drainage efficiency of rainwater on the road surface. Heavy rain forms runoff on the urban surface, and a large part of it needs to be discharged into the underground rainwater pipe network through the rainwater outlet, and then enter rivers and lakes. As a key node connecting surface runoff and underground pipe flow, the discharge capacity of the rainwater outlet directly affects the drainage efficiency of rainwater in the study area. Once blocked, the discharge capacity of the municipal drainage system cannot be fully utilized.

[0003] In addition, the discharge capacity of the rainwater inlet is related to factors such as the size of the rainwater well structure, water depth and flow rate. It is necessary to determine the flow coefficient of the rainwater inlet weir flow and nozzle outflow based on the test data, and further use the dimensional analysis method to establish the functional relationship between the discharge capacity of the rainwater inlet and factors such as the size of the rain grate and the Froude number of the water flow in front of the grate, and quantitatively analyze the impact of the blockage of the rainwater inlet on its discharge capacity.

[0004] Currently, there is a lack of such research in the existing technology. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, a device for simulating the hydrodynamic process of surface runoff and underground pipe flow is provided.

[0006] The specific technical solutions are as follows:

[0007] The first aspect of the present invention is to provide a device for simulating the hydrodynamic process of surface runoff and underground pipe flow, comprising:

[0008] The rainfall system simulation unit is used to simulate rainfall processes with different rainfall intensities and amounts;

[0009] The road flow simulation section is used to simulate the water depth and flow velocity distribution and its flow process in different areas of the street under different flood volumes;

[0010] Drainage network simulation department, used to simulate the urban drainage network structure;

[0011] A water outlet, used to discharge the water from the road runoff simulation part and the drainage network simulation part and reuse it to the rainfall system simulation part; and

[0012] The detection system is used to measure the water flow rate and flow velocity in the surface and / or drainage network to simulate and analyze the process of fluid force during the discharge and overflow of the surface and / or underground pipeline network during flooding.

[0013] Specifically, the rainfall system simulation part includes a water reservoir, a pressure water pump, a water stop valve and a nozzle. The water inlet of the pressure water pump is connected to the water reservoir, and the water outlet of the pressure water pump is connected to the electric water stop valve and the nozzle in turn.

[0014] Specifically, the rainfall system simulation part also includes a filter, and the filter is installed on the connecting pipe between the pressure water pump and the water storage tank.

[0015] Specifically, the road runoff simulation part includes a test pool and a simulated road surface. The simulated road surface is installed in the test pool. The front pool of the test pool is connected to the water reservoir through a water pump, and the tail box of the test pool is connected to the water outlet part through an electric tailgate.

[0016] Specifically, the drainage network simulation part includes at least a drainage main pipe, a rainwater well and an inspection well. The drainage main pipe is formed by circular pipes of various specifications connected by detachable flanges. The rainwater well and the inspection well are installed on the simulated road surface. The rainwater well is connected to the inspection well through a branch pipe with a certain slope. The inspection well is connected to the drainage main pipe through a detachable flange. Water stop valves are installed on the water outlets of the rainwater well and the inspection well.

[0017] Specifically, the water outlet includes a variable frequency water pump and a shutoff check valve which are connected in sequence through a pipeline. The water inlet of the variable frequency water pump is connected to the tail box of the test pool through a pipeline, and the water outlet of the shutoff check valve is connected to the water reservoir through a pipeline.

[0018] Specifically, the detection system includes at least a flow meter, a flow meter, and a camera, and the flow meter and the flow meter are installed on the surface and / or in the drainage pipe respectively.

[0019] The second aspect of the present invention is to provide a method for using the above-mentioned device for simulating the hydrodynamic process of surface runoff and underground pipe flow, comprising the following steps:

[0020] The rainfall process curve of the rainfall system is preset using the urban rainstorm intensity formula to simulate the rainfall process under different rainstorm scenarios;

[0021] Adjust the flow rate and water depth of the water in the test pool to the preset values;

[0022] Considering the complete stormwater inlet structure including rain grates, stormwater wells and side branch pipes, several groups of stormwater inlet discharge capacity tests under different water depths and flow velocities were carried out. The flow coefficients of the stormwater inlet weir flow and nozzle outflow were determined based on the test data. The dimensional analysis method was further used to establish the functional relationship between the stormwater inlet discharge capacity and factors such as the stormwater well structure size, water depth and flow velocity, and the influence of the stormwater inlet blockage on its discharge capacity was quantitatively analyzed.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the above scheme are:

[0024] 1) The present invention uses flow meters, valves and variable frequency water pumps to control the water depth and flow rate of the step flow, and is supplemented by a rainfall simulation system to achieve different working conditions, including sudden heavy rains, dam breach floods invading cities, and flood disaster scenarios of urban floods invading cities under mixed working conditions. By setting up a detection system to measure the flow rate and flow rate in the surface and pipeline, the process from the urban surface and underground pipeline discharge and overflow process to the fluid force process during street flooding under multiple working conditions is simulated and analyzed.

[0025] 2) The present invention controls the flood discharge capacity of the pipeline network by adjusting the diameter of each level of the pipeline in the pipeline network, controls the degree of pipeline blockage by adjusting the gate opening, simulates and analyzes the confluence of underground pipelines with different flood discharge capacities and the hydrodynamic process at the interactive connection between the surface and the underground pipeline network, and can provide decision support for the formulation of underground pipeline network layout plans.

[0026] 3) The present invention is simple to operate and implement, and the results are clear and concise. It can be used for simulation display and risk analysis of urban flood disasters, enhance the public's intuitive understanding of the urban flood invasion process, and provide a professional simulation platform for relevant workers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 A side structural schematic diagram of a test device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the test device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a partial exploded structure of a maintenance well and a rainwater well system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 A side view of the structure of the inspection well and rainwater well system in an embodiment of the present invention

[0031] Figure 5 It is the principle diagram of the combined automatic control system in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rainwater well in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] In the attached figure: 1. water storage tank; 2. filter; 3. pressure water pump; 4. nozzle; 5. water pump; 6. front pool; 7. road surface; 8. water retaining side wall; 9. tail box; 10. circulating water pump; 11. return water pipe; 12. inspection well; 13. rainwater well; 14. detachable flange; 15. water stop valve; 16. variable diameter circular pipe; 17. steel structure support; 18. electric regulating gate valve; 19. electric shut-off check valve; 20. trash screen; 21. bottom hydraulic sensor; 22. drag electric Machine M1; 23, traction motor M2; 24, traction motor M3; 25, frequency converter 1#; 26, control signal conversion device 1#; 27, pressure gauge; 28, first flow meter; 29, nozzle group; 30, second flow meter; 31, second flow meter; 32, second flow meter; 33, second flow meter; 34, bottom hydraulic sensor; 35, control signal conversion device 2#; 36, frequency converter 2#; 37, high-speed camera; 38, PLC; 39, external display terminal. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0036] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but they are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0037] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the test device provided in the embodiment of the present invention includes: a rainfall system simulation part, which is used to simulate rainfall processes with different rain intensities and rainfall amounts; a road runoff simulation part, which is used to simulate the water depth and flow velocity distribution and its travel process in different areas of the street during different flood volumes; a drainage network simulation part, which is used to simulate the structure of the urban drainage network; a water outlet part, which is used to discharge the water flow of the road runoff simulation part and the drainage network simulation part and reuse it to the rainfall system simulation part; and a detection system, which is used to measure the water flow rate and flow velocity in the surface and / or drainage network, so as to simulate and analyze the process of fluid force during the discharge and overflow of the surface and / or underground network during flood.

[0038] In the present invention, different working conditions are simulated by a rainfall system simulation part model and / or a road flow simulation part, including flood disaster scenarios caused by sudden heavy rain, dam breach floods invading the city, and street floods invading under mixed working conditions. Then, a detection system is set up to measure the flow rate and flow velocity in the pipes in the surface and drainage network simulation part, so as to simulate and analyze the process of urban surface and underground pipe network discharge and overflow to fluid force when street flooding under multiple working conditions.

[0039] As a specific example, Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the rainfall system simulation part of the present invention at least includes a water reservoir 1, a pressure water pump 3 and a nozzle 4, the water inlet of the pressure water pump 3 is connected to the water reservoir 1, and the water outlet of the pressure water pump 3 is connected to each nozzle 4 in the nozzle group 29; under the above structure, water is pumped into the nozzle 4 installed above the road flow simulation part through the pressure water pump 3, so as to simulate the water depth and flow velocity distribution and its travel process in different areas of the street at different flood volumes through the nozzle 4. It should be pointed out that in order to simulate the above process more reasonably, a gate valve can be installed on the water inlet end of each nozzle 4 to control the precipitation of a certain area or corresponding to one or several nozzles 4 through the gate valve opening.

[0040] In order to avoid clogging of the precipitation pipeline, a filter 2 may be further installed on the connecting pipeline between the pressure water pump 3 and the water reservoir 1 .

[0041] At the same time, in order to detect and adjust the rainfall, the present invention can install a first flow meter 28 in the precipitation inlet pipe between the nozzle group 29 and the pressure water pump 3, or install a flow meter corresponding to each nozzle 4 to accurately detect and adjust the rainfall in the corresponding area.

[0042] As a specific example, Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the road flow simulation part of the present invention includes a test pool and a simulated road surface 7, the simulated road surface 7 is installed in the test pool, the front pool 6 of the test pool is connected with the water reservoir 1 through a water pump 5, and the tail box 9 of the test pool is connected with the water outlet; under the above structure, water enters the front pool 6 through the water pump 5 and floods the simulated road surface 7, so that the flood disaster scenario of dam break flood invading the city and street flood invading under mixed working conditions can be simulated by adjusting the power of the water pump 5.

[0043] As a specific example, Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3As shown, the drainage network simulation part in the present invention at least includes a drainage main pipe, a rainwater well 13 and a maintenance well 12. The drainage main pipe is formed by connecting round pipes 16 of various specifications through a detachable flange 14. The rainwater well 13 and the maintenance well 12 are installed on the simulated road surface 7 (both are slightly lower than the ground surface to better simulate road drainage). The rainwater well 13 is connected to the maintenance well 12 through a branch pipe 17 with a certain slope. The maintenance well 12 is connected to the drainage main pipe through a detachable flange 14. Water stop valves 15 are installed on the water outlets of the rainwater well 13 and the maintenance well 12. Under the above structure, the opening can be adjusted by the water stop valve 15 to simulate the degree of blockage of a certain area or a section of the drainage main pipe.

[0044] Furthermore, in the present invention, the circular pipe 16 in a certain section or area can be quickly replaced by the detachable flange 14, so as to change the discharge capacity of the drainage network by replacing the circular pipe 16 with different inner diameters, so as to further simulate the actual use of the road drainage network.

[0045] As a specific example, Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the water outlet of the present invention includes a variable frequency water pump 10 and a shut-off check valve 19 which are connected in sequence through pipelines. The water inlet of the variable frequency water pump 10 is connected to the tail box 9 of the test pool through a pipeline, and the water outlet of the shut-off check valve 19 is connected to the water reservoir 1 through a pipeline. Under the above structure, when the road flow simulation part discharges water, the water flow is pumped back to the water reservoir 1 through the variable frequency water pump 10 and the shut-off check valve 19 in sequence to save test water.

[0046] As a specific example, Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the detection system in the present invention includes at least a plurality of second flow meters 30-33, a flow meter, and a camera 37. The second flow meters 30, 31, 32, 33, the flow meter and the camera 37 are correspondingly installed at the connection between the rainwater well 13 and the drainage main pipe, so that the hydrodynamic process of the interaction between the surface and the pipe network system can be intuitively observed, and used to analyze the impact of subsequent changes in the interaction process on the surface runoff process and the degree of risk.

[0047] It should be noted that if Figure 5As shown, the automatic control system in the present invention is mainly divided into two parts of joint control: rainfall and runoff. The rainfall system is based on the signal of the pressure meter 27 and the first flow meter 28 to indirectly feedback the real-time rainfall intensity, and at the same time combines the output signal of the water volume information in the reservoir 1 provided by the bottom hydraulic sensor 21. After the signal reaches the PLC host 38, the host sends a control signal according to the required rainfall intensity. The control signal reaches the frequency converter 1#25 through the control signal conversion device 1#26. The frequency converter converts the electrical signal into a mechanical signal to change the frequency of the motors 22 and 23, and the frequency converter converts the electrical signal into a mechanical signal to change the frequency of the motors 22 and 23. When the frequency amplitude reaches the limit but cannot meet the requirement, the opening of the solenoid valve is adjusted to achieve automatic control of rainfall intensity; the runoff control system controls the free outflow and pressurized discharge flow according to the incoming water flow rate / volume and the flow rate signal based on the second flow meter 29-33, and then combines the pressure signal of the hydraulic sensor 34 at the bottom of the box. After the signal reaches the PLC host 38, the control signal is fed back according to the required flow and outflow conditions. After the signal reaches the conversion device 2#35, it is transmitted to the corresponding frequency converter 2#36 to adjust the frequency of each motor to achieve automatic control of the flow and outflow conditions.

[0048] Based on the above test device, the present invention also provides a method, comprising the following steps:

[0049] Step 1: Use the urban rainstorm intensity formula to preset the rainfall process curve of the rainfall system, and simulate the rainfall process under different rainstorm scenarios by controlling the opening of the water stop valve 15 and the monitoring data of the flow meter;

[0050] Step 2: The water from the underground reservoir is pumped to the water storage tank 1. The water flow rate entering the front tank is adjusted by controlling the opening of the water stop valve 15, and the flow rate is determined by the electromagnetic flowmeter installed on the water inlet pipe. The water flow is continuously supplied to the test tank at a certain water depth and flow rate by controlling the valve and the electric tailgate. After the water depth and flow rate values ​​are stable, the flow rate and water depth in the water tank are adjusted to the preset values ​​according to the feedback information of the sensor in the water tank and the valve opening-flow rate-water depth relationship curve.

[0051] Step 3: The water flows smoothly into the upper water tank through the fore pool, and part of it is discharged through the rainwater outlet. The discharge flow is measured by an electromagnetic flowmeter, and the discharge flow value is calibrated by the triangular weir flow measuring device at the lower level; the water not collected by the rainwater outlet flows to the tail gate, and finally merges with the outflow of the triangular weir into the outlet pool, and circulates into the underground reservoir;

[0052] Step 4: Control the total flow rate of the upstream inlet to change within a certain range, and record the reading on the electromagnetic flowmeter under each flow condition; adjust the water depth of the upper water tank by controlling the opening and closing degree of the electric tailgate under each flow condition, and after the water flow stabilizes, use an automatic water level tracker, a suspended paddle flowmeter, and an ultrasonic Doppler flowmeter (ADV) to measure the water depth and flow rate 1m upstream of the rainwater outlet, and use a triangular weir to measure the discharge flow of the rainwater outlet (the probe position is 0.7m in front of the triangular weir plate);

[0053] Step 5. Considering the complete gully structure including rain grates, rainwater wells and side branch pipes, carry out multiple groups of gully discharge capacity tests at different water depths and flow rates. Determine the flow coefficient of the gully weir flow and nozzle outflow based on the test data, and further use the dimensional analysis method to quantitatively analyze the impact of gully blockage on its discharge capacity.

[0054] It is understandable that the present invention may also consider using dimensional analysis to establish a functional relationship between the discharge capacity of the stormwater inlet and factors such as the stormwater well structure size, water depth and flow rate.

[0055] Further, such as Figure 6 As shown, in the present invention, the above method is applied to a rainwater well with a size of 500mm*300mm*425mm and the blockage degree of the water inlet grate on the rainwater well is 25%, 50% and 75% respectively. It is found that when the water depth in front of the grate is shallow, the water flow falls from the edge of the water inlet grate grid and flows into the rainwater outlet in the form of weir flow, and the downstream flow increases rapidly with the increase of water depth; when the water depth in front of the grate is large, it is limited by the outflow of the connecting pipe, the rainwater well is filled, the surface water flow submerges the entire water inlet grate, and the water flows out in the form of nozzle outflow, and the downstream flow increases slowly with the increase of water depth, and the increase rate decreases significantly.

[0056] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods and protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should be aware that all solutions obtained by equivalent substitutions and obvious changes made using the description and illustrations of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for simulating the hydrodynamic process of surface runoff and underground pipe flow, characterized in that: include: The rainfall system simulation unit is used to simulate rainfall processes with different rainfall intensities and amounts; The road flow simulation section is used to simulate the water depth and flow velocity distribution and its flow process in different areas of the street under different flood volumes; Drainage network simulation department, used to simulate the urban drainage network structure; A water outlet part, used to discharge the water flow of the road runoff simulation part and the drainage network simulation part and reuse it to the rainfall system simulation part; as well as The detection system is used to measure the water flow rate and flow velocity in the surface and / or drainage network to simulate and analyze the process of fluid force during the discharge and overflow of the surface and / or underground pipeline network during flooding.

2. The device for simulating the hydrodynamic process of surface runoff and underground pipe flow according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rainfall system simulation part includes a water reservoir, a pressure water pump, a water stop valve and a nozzle. The water inlet of the pressure water pump is connected to the water reservoir, and the water outlet of the pressure water pump is connected to the water stop valve and the nozzle in sequence.

3. The device for simulating the hydrodynamic process of surface runoff and underground pipe flow according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rainfall system simulation part also includes a filter, and the filter is installed on the connecting pipe between the pressure water pump and the water storage tank.

4. The device for simulating the hydrodynamic process of surface runoff and underground pipe flow according to claim 2, characterized in that: The road flow simulation part includes a test pool and a simulated road surface, the simulated road surface is installed in the test pool, the front pool of the test pool is connected to the water reservoir through a water pump, and the tail box of the test pool is connected to the water outlet part through an electric tailgate.

5. The device for simulating the hydrodynamic process of surface runoff and underground pipe flow according to claim 4, characterized in that: The drainage network simulation part at least includes a drainage main pipe, a rainwater well and an inspection well. The drainage main pipe is formed by circular pipes of various specifications connected by detachable flanges. The rainwater well and the inspection well are installed on the simulated road surface. The rainwater well is connected to the inspection well through a branch pipe with a certain slope. The inspection well is connected to the drainage main pipe through a detachable flange. Water stop valves are installed on the water outlets of the rainwater well and the inspection well.

6. The device for simulating the hydrodynamic process of surface runoff and underground pipe flow according to claim 4, characterized in that: The water outlet comprises a variable frequency water pump and a shut-off check valve which are connected in sequence through a pipeline. The water inlet of the variable frequency water pump is connected to the tail box of the test pool through a pipeline, and the water outlet of the shut-off check valve is connected to the water reservoir through a pipeline.

7. The device for simulating the hydrodynamic process of surface runoff and underground pipe flow according to claim 4, characterized in that: The detection system at least includes a flow meter, a flow meter, and a camera. The flow meter and the flow meter are installed on the ground surface and / or in the drainage pipe respectively.

8. A method using the device for simulating the hydrodynamic process of surface runoff and underground pipe flow according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that: The steps include: The rainfall process curve of the rainfall system is preset using the urban rainstorm intensity formula to simulate the rainfall process under different rainstorm scenarios; Adjust the flow rate and water depth of the water in the test pool to the preset values; Considering the complete stormwater inlet structure including rain grates, stormwater wells and side branch pipes, several groups of stormwater inlet discharge capacity tests under different water depths and flow velocities were carried out. The flow coefficients of the stormwater inlet weir flow and nozzle outflow were determined based on the test data. The dimensional analysis method was further used to establish the functional relationship between the stormwater inlet discharge capacity and factors such as the stormwater well structure size, water depth and flow velocity, and the influence of the stormwater inlet blockage on its discharge capacity was quantitatively analyzed.

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