Park integrated energy scheduling method and system based on master-slave game model

Abstract

The invention discloses a park integrated energy scheduling method and system based on a master-slave game model, and relates to the technical field of energy scheduling, and the method comprises the steps: collecting basic operation parameter data in a park integrated energy system; constructing an upper-layer game model taking an operator as a dominant, setting constraints, and making an electric heating and cooling price strategy and a unit output plan by taking operator profit maximization as a target; constructing a lower-layer game model, and making a load energy consumption strategy by taking user energy consumption cost minimization as a target; and converting the upper-layer game model and the lower-layer game model into a mixed integer linear programming problem, and obtaining an electric heating cold price scheduling scheme and an output scheduling scheme of each unit by adopting an optimization solution algorithm. The building thermal inertia and demand response mechanism is introduced, the KKT condition, the linear relaxation technology and the strong dual theory are used for converting the complex problem into the MILP model easy to solve, optimization of operator and user benefits is achieved, and the calculation speed and the solving efficiency are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of energy scheduling, and in particular to a scheduling method and system for comprehensive energy of a park based on a master-slave game model. Background Art

[0002] Energy is an important driving force for the progress of human civilization and has a profound impact on people's production and life. It is vital to the development of the country and the progress of society. In terms of economy, environment and society, energy is indispensable and directly related to the security and stability of the national economy. In the 20th century, science and technology advanced by leaps and bounds, industry developed rapidly, and people's production and life demanded more and more fossil energy. In the process of development, human beings have continuously expanded the scope and scale of energy utilization and established a brilliant human civilization, but at the same time, the excessive use of various energy sources has also caused serious environmental and ecological problems. The large amount of energy consumption has increased the pressure on the global environment and has attracted widespread attention from countries around the world, especially in the context of accelerated social and economic development in the 21st century, the demand for energy has shown a trend of sustained growth. Especially in the process of industrialization, the large-scale consumption of mineral energy has not only caused conventional environmental pollution problems such as acid rain, haze, and air pollution, but also increased the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, causing climate change, and seriously damaged the global atmosphere and water cycle system on which human beings depend for survival. This may cause damage to the global atmosphere and water cycle on which human survival depends, and has a great impact on the environment and human health. Therefore, under the premise of meeting the needs of economic development, it is necessary to ensure sustainable energy supply, reduce energy consumption and reduce environmental pollution. Exploring clean and sustainable new energy and feasible solutions for global energy security have become important challenges faced by all countries in the world.

[0003] The integrated energy system developed earlier in developed countries such as the United States, Europe and Canada, and its multi-energy complementary technology is relatively mature and widely used. The European Union first proposed the concept of an integrated energy system in the fifth framework of the science and technology framework plan in 1998, and coordinated the comprehensive development of renewable energy with the clean transportation in the DGTREN (distributed generation transport and energy) project. The ENERGIE project aims to achieve the rational use and coordinated optimization of multiple energy sources (fossil energy and renewable energy).

[0004] China started late in the research and development of integrated energy systems, but due to our country's emphasis on and policy support for integrated energy systems, the integrated energy systems have developed rapidly. Currently, this field is in a period of rapid development, and both technology and industry have gradually matured, and also have broader application prospects.

[0005] At present, there have been many studies on integrated energy systems, and the main research contents can be divided into basic optimization scheduling models for integrated energy systems, optimization scheduling models considering energy flow differences, optimization scheduling models considering system flexibility, and optimization scheduling models considering system randomness. The basic optimization scheduling model includes general models and unified models. The general model is to model the original input energy system and output units in the system separately, and the unified model is to unify the expression and modeling of the integrated energy system through the energy hub (EH) and the unified energy path. Since the transmission speeds of the power system, natural gas system, and thermal system are different due to physical characteristics, if the energy flow differences of the three can be considered in the modeling, and the transmission delay level of the natural gas network and the thermal network and the dynamic characteristics of the gas network and the thermal network are not ignored, the model can be closer to reality and improve the utilization efficiency. Considering the flexibility factors in the system operation process can help improve the economy of the system and increase the absorption of renewable energy. The methods to improve the flexibility of the system mainly focus on the three aspects of source, grid and load. The first aspect is to directly add gas turbines, power-to-gas and other energy conversion equipment or energy storage equipment such as electricity storage, heat storage and gas storage to the system to improve the distribution of load in time and space. The second aspect is to use the pipe storage characteristics of the natural gas network and the heat network. The transmission of heat energy and natural gas is relatively slow and has a certain inertia. It can play the role of energy storage equipment and provide flexibility. The third aspect is to consider the thermal inertia of the building. The thermal inertia of the building is the characteristic of the building itself. The temperature will not change instantaneously. It can store heat for a certain period of time without additional investment. It can be used as a measure to improve flexibility.

[0006] Driven by the energy marketization reform, the integrated energy system has developed rapidly. The traditional integrated energy system can improve the efficiency of energy utilization through energy complementation and mutual assistance, thereby achieving the goal of energy conservation and emission reduction. However, it generally only realizes the optimal scheduling of the system from the perspective of operators, ignoring the interests of the user side. The existing modeling technology has a relatively complex solution process, and practical applications require a modeling foundation. It has high requirements for operation and maintenance personnel, low feasibility and operability, and fails to provide specific upper-level optimal price strategies and lower-level optimal load curves and day-ahead scheduling arrangements. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is proposed.

[0008] Therefore, the present invention provides a method and system for scheduling comprehensive energy in a park based on a master-slave game model, which can solve the problems mentioned in the background technology.

[0009] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a scheduling method for comprehensive energy in a park based on a master-slave game model, comprising: collecting basic operating parameter data in the comprehensive energy system of the park; constructing an upper-level game model with the operator as the leader, setting upper-level price constraints, main network interactive power constraints and power balance constraints, and formulating electric heating and cooling price strategies and unit output plans with the goal of maximizing operator profits; constructing a lower-level game model with users as followers, and formulating load energy consumption strategies with the goal of minimizing user energy consumption costs; converting the upper and lower-level game models into mixed integer linear programming problems, and using an optimization solution algorithm to obtain electric heating and cooling price scheduling plans and output scheduling plans for each unit.

[0010] As a preferred scheme of the scheduling method of comprehensive energy in a park based on the master-slave game model described in the present invention, the basic operating parameter data includes basic operating data, demand for purchased electricity and natural gas, dispatchable load parameters, hot water load demand characteristics, and building thermal inertia parameters.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the park comprehensive energy dispatching method based on the master-slave game model described in the present invention, wherein: the collection of basic operation parameter data in the park comprehensive energy system includes the following steps: collecting basic operation data in the park comprehensive energy system; the basic operation data includes real-time load demand of electricity, heat energy and cold energy, as well as the output capacity of each device and the current electricity, heat and cold price; recording the demand for purchased electricity, natural gas demand and corresponding time-sharing electricity price and natural gas price from the upper power grid and natural gas network; collecting the user's dispatchable load parameters to clarify the adjustment range of the load within the dispatching cycle; the dispatchable load parameters include basic load, shiftable load and response capacity; collecting the park building thermal inertia parameters, and describing the adjustment potential of cold and hot loads through the park building thermal inertia parameters; the park building thermal inertia parameters include building thermal resistance, thermal capacity and time characteristics of thermal load hysteresis response; recording the user's hot water load demand characteristics; the user's hot water load demand characteristics include hot water demand fluctuation and comfortable temperature range. Summarize and verify the collected basic operation parameter data.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the scheduling method of the park comprehensive energy based on the master-slave game model described in the present invention, wherein: an upper-level game model with the operator as the leader is constructed, upper-level price constraints, main network interactive power constraints and power balance constraints are set, and the electric heating and cooling price strategy and unit output plan are formulated with the operator's profit maximization as the goal, including the following steps: according to the basic operating parameter data, the electric heating and cooling energy demand is determined, and the lower and upper limits of the electric heating and cooling price are set; the power upper limit interacting with the main network is recorded, and the power balance constraint condition is set to balance the electric heating and cooling power during system operation; with the operator's profit maximization as the goal, the operator's objective function is defined, including energy sales revenue, external energy cost and equipment energy cost; if the profit value after deducting the external energy cost and equipment energy cost from the energy sales revenue is less than zero, the price strategy or output plan is adjusted to increase the profit; using the objective function and constraint conditions, the electric heating and cooling price strategy and each unit output plan are formulated, and these strategies are sent to the user.

[0013] As a preferred scheme of the scheduling method of comprehensive energy in a park based on the master-slave game model described in the present invention, if the price of heating, cooling and electricity is lower than the set lower limit, the price is adjusted to the lower limit; if the price of heating, cooling and electricity is higher than the set upper limit, the price is adjusted to the upper limit; if the power purchased from the upper-level power grid exceeds the set upper limit, the purchased power is adjusted to the upper limit; if the heating, cooling and electricity power is unbalanced during system operation, the output of each device is adjusted to achieve balance.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the scheduling method of the integrated energy of the park based on the master-slave game model described in the present invention, wherein: the lower-level game model with users as followers is constructed, and the load energy consumption strategy is formulated with the goal of minimizing the user's energy consumption cost, including the following steps: according to the electric heating and cooling price strategy formulated by the operator, the user formulates an electric load demand response strategy according to its own needs and price signals, and transfers the shiftable load to other time periods; if the electricity price in the current time period is higher than that in other time periods, part of the shiftable load is transferred to the time period with lower electricity price; if the electricity price in the current time period is lower than that in other time periods, the original load is kept unchanged or the load is appropriately increased; using the thermal inertia of the building, the user adjusts the cold and hot load within a comfortable temperature range; if the cold and hot load price in the current time period is high, the cold and hot load is reduced, and the indoor temperature is maintained by using the thermal inertia of the building; if the cold and hot load price in the current time period is low, the cold and hot load is increased, and the building is pre-cooled or pre-heated in advance; the electric load demand response strategy and the cold and hot load adjustment strategy are integrated to form the user's final energy consumption plan, and the plan is fed back to the operator.

[0015] As a preferred solution of the scheduling method of the integrated energy of the park based on the master-slave game model described in the present invention, the upper and lower game models are converted into mixed integer linear programming problems, and the optimization solution algorithm is used to obtain the electricity, heating and cooling price scheduling plan and the output scheduling plan of each unit, including the following steps: using the KKT condition to convert the lower user problem into the constraint condition of the upper model; linearizing the obtained KKT condition through the linear relaxation technology, and converting the nonlinear term into a linear term; using the strong duality theory to transform the nonlinear term in the objective function, and finally converting the double-layer nonlinear scheduling model into a mixed integer linear programming problem, and using the Yalmip language in the Matlab platform for modeling, and using the Cplex solver to solve the optimal solution of the problem.

[0016] If the objective function contains nonlinear terms, they are converted into linear terms through strong duality theory, and finally form a MILP problem. The Yalmip language in the Matlab platform is used for modeling, and the Cplex solver is used to solve the optimal solution of the problem.

[0017] To further solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a dispatching system for integrated energy in a park based on a master-slave game model, comprising: a collection module, used to collect basic operating parameter data in the integrated energy system of the park; a first model construction module, used to construct an upper-level game model with the operator as the leader, set upper-level price constraints, main network interactive power constraints and power balance constraints, and formulate electric heating and cooling price strategies and unit output plans with the goal of maximizing operator profits; a second model construction module, used to construct a lower-level game model with users as followers, and formulate load energy consumption strategies with the goal of minimizing user energy consumption costs; a dispatching module, used to convert the upper and lower game models into mixed integer linear programming problems, and use an optimization solution algorithm to obtain electric heating and cooling price dispatching plans and output dispatching plans for each unit.

[0018] A computer device includes a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and is characterized in that when the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the scheduling method for integrated energy in a park based on a master-slave game model as described above are implemented.

[0019] A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method for scheduling integrated energy in a park based on a master-slave game model as described above are implemented.

[0020] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention establishes a master-slave game coordinated optimization scheduling model for a park integrated energy system that takes into account the thermal inertia of buildings and demand response. First, the relevant theoretical knowledge of game theory is introduced in detail, and the benefit functions and constraints of operators and users in the park integrated energy system are analyzed from a game perspective. The thermal inertia and demand response of the system in the park are considered in the user model, and a double-layer Stackelberg game framework for operators and users is constructed. The existence and uniqueness of the equilibrium solution of the proposed model are proved by using relevant theoretical knowledge, and then the lower-level user problem is used as the upper-level constraint condition by using mathematical means such as KKT conditions, linear relaxation technology, and strong duality theory to obtain the MILP problem. Finally, the effectiveness and rationality of the model are verified by simulation examples, and the advantages are as follows:

[0021] (1) The established two-layer coordinated optimization scheduling model based on the master-slave game can take into account the benefits of operators and users at the same time, so that they can obtain their respective optimal strategies. Operators can formulate the optimal energy price policy, and users can formulate the optimal load curve according to their own needs and the upper-level price strategy, thus achieving a win-win situation for operators and users.

[0022] (2) Since the strategies of operators and users are nested with each other, which makes it difficult to solve the problem directly, the present invention first uses the KKT condition to transform the user model into constraint conditions, then uses the complementary relaxation theory to linearize the obtained KKT conditions, and then uses the strong duality theory to transform the nonlinear terms in the objective function. Finally, a mixed integer linear programming model is successfully obtained, and the Yalmip and Cplex solvers are directly used in Matlab to solve it, which improves the speed and efficiency of model solving. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall process of the method for dispatching comprehensive energy in a park based on the master-slave game model proposed by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the Stackelberg master-slave game interaction framework in the park comprehensive energy scheduling method based on the master-slave game model proposed in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings of the specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary persons in the art without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0028] Example 1, reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 , which is an embodiment of the present invention, provides a method for scheduling comprehensive energy in a park based on a master-slave game model.

[0029] The present invention establishes a coordinated optimization scheduling model for supply and demand of a park comprehensive energy system based on master-slave game. Based on the master-slave Stackelberg game idea, a collaborative optimization scheduling model framework for a park comprehensive energy system with operators and users as game objects is established. Operators, as the upper layer, formulate the price of electric, heating and cooling energy and make output scheduling plans for each unit. Users, as the lower layer, make energy arrangements based on the upper price policy. The existence and uniqueness of the equilibrium solution of the model are proved by using relevant theoretical knowledge, and then the single-layer mixed integer linear programming problem is obtained by using mathematical methods such as KKT conditions, linear relaxation technology, and strong duality theory.

[0030] The present application provides an effective solution to the above-mentioned problems. Next, a plurality of embodiments will be combined to elaborate on how to implement the scheduling method of the integrated energy of the park based on the master-slave game model.

[0031] Figure 1 The overall flow chart of the present invention includes:

[0032] S1: Collect basic operating parameter data in the park’s integrated energy system.

[0033] Specifically, the basic operating parameter data include basic operating data, demand for purchased electricity and natural gas, dispatchable load parameters, hot water load demand characteristics, and building thermal inertia parameters.

[0034] S101: Collect the real-time load demand of electricity, heat and cooling energy in the park’s integrated energy system, as well as the output capacity of each device and the current electricity, heating and cooling prices as basic operating data.

[0035] It should be noted that the intelligent metering equipment and sensor network in the park collects real-time data on the load demand of electricity, heat and cooling, as well as the output capacity of each energy conversion and storage device and the current price of electricity, heat and cooling. These data reflect the real-time operating status of the park's comprehensive energy system and are an important basis for formulating scheduling strategies.

[0036] S102: Record the demand for purchased electricity and natural gas from the upper-level power grid and natural gas network and the corresponding time-of-use electricity price and natural gas price.

[0037] It should be noted that the park records the demand for electricity and natural gas purchased from outside, as well as the corresponding time-of-use electricity and natural gas prices, through the interface with the upper-level power grid and natural gas network. This part of the data is crucial for understanding the price fluctuations in the external energy market and its impact on the internal scheduling of the park.

[0038] S103: Collect the user's dispatchable load parameters, including basic load, shiftable load and its response capability, and clarify the adjustment range of the load within the dispatch cycle.

[0039] It should be noted that collecting users' dispatchable load parameters through user questionnaires, historical electricity consumption data and smart meters, and clarifying the adjustment range of these loads within the dispatch cycle will help operators formulate effective load management strategies and achieve efficient use of electricity.

[0040] S104: Collect the thermal inertia parameters of the campus buildings, including the building thermal resistance, thermal capacity and time characteristics of the delayed response of the heat load, to describe the regulation potential of the cold and heat loads.

[0041] It should be noted that the building energy consumption monitoring system is used to collect the time characteristics of the thermal resistance, thermal capacity and heat load hysteresis response of the buildings in the park. These parameters describe the response speed of the internal temperature of the building to changes in the external environment, which is of great significance for the reasonable adjustment of cooling and heating loads and the optimization of energy utilization.

[0042] S105: Record the user's hot water load demand characteristics, including hot water demand fluctuations and a comfortable temperature range (eg, 65° C. to 75° C.).

[0043] It should be noted that recording the demand characteristics of users' hot water load through user feedback and historical water use data will help operators to reasonably arrange hot water supply and reduce energy waste while ensuring user comfort.

[0044] S106: Summarize and verify the collected basic operating parameter data to ensure data integrity and accuracy, and provide support for the construction of subsequent game models.

[0045] In summary, step S1 comprehensively grasps the operation status and user needs of the park's integrated energy system through multi-channel and multi-dimensional data collection, providing a solid data foundation for the subsequent supply and demand collaborative optimization scheduling model. This process requires not only advanced data collection technology and equipment, but also scientific data processing methods to ensure the authenticity and reliability of the data, thus laying the foundation for the efficient, economical and environmentally friendly operation of the park's integrated energy system.

[0046] S2: Construct an upper-level game model with operators as the leaders, set upper-level price constraints, main grid interactive power constraints and power balance constraints, and formulate electric heating and cooling price strategies and unit output plans with the goal of maximizing operator profits.

[0047] Specifically, Figure 2 As shown in the figure, it is a schematic diagram of the Stackelberg game framework between operators and users. The interaction between the participants of the park integrated energy system starts with the operator's strategy, sending the price strategy to the user. Rational users will respond to the price of electric heating and cooling, and the user's load demand can change within the specified range to formulate the best strategy for their own energy use. Then, the strategy is conveyed to the operator, and the operator updates its price strategy and output unit scheduling arrangement based on the load demand response obtained from the user, and sends the modified price strategy to the user. This interactive process is continuously iterated until a balance is reached. Since there is a sequence between the actions of the operator and the user, the operator takes action first, and the user responds to the operator's energy price strategy to adjust its own energy consumption curve. Therefore, for the operator and the user, the interaction process between the two can be regarded as a typical game process, and it is suitable to use the master-slave Stackelberg game model to describe the interactive relationship between the two. During the Stackelberg master-slave game interaction, the park integrated energy system operator is the leader who determines the pricing plan, and the user is the follower. In order to determine the operator's scheduling plan and the user's load demand, a decision strategy for day-ahead IES scheduling covering a 24-hour cycle is proposed. The Stackelberg master-slave game interaction framework proposed in this embodiment is shown in the figure.

[0048] S201: Determine the demand for electric, heating and cooling energy based on the basic operating parameter data of the park's integrated energy system, and set the lower and upper limits of the electric, heating and cooling prices.

[0049] If the price of electric heating and cooling is lower than the set lower limit, the price will be adjusted to the lower limit;

[0050] If the price of electric heating and cooling is higher than the set upper limit, the price will be adjusted to the upper limit.

[0051] S202: Record the power upper limit of the interaction with the main grid, set power balance constraints, and ensure the balance of electric, heating and cooling power during system operation.

[0052] If the power purchased from the upper-level power grid exceeds the set upper limit, the purchased power will be adjusted to the upper limit.

[0053] If the electric heating and cooling power is unbalanced during system operation, adjust the output of each device to achieve balance.

[0054] S203: With the goal of maximizing operator profits, define the operator's objective function, including energy sales revenue, external energy cost, and equipment energy cost.

[0055] If the profit value after deducting the cost of purchased energy and equipment energy cost from the energy sales revenue is less than zero, the pricing strategy or output plan should be adjusted to increase profits.

[0056] S204: Utilizing the objective function and constraint conditions, formulate electricity, heating and cooling price strategies and output plans for each unit, and send these strategies to users.

[0057] If the load demand reported by users exceeds expectations, the pricing strategy or output plan will be adjusted to adapt to the new demand.

[0058] It should be noted that in the prior art, operators usually formulate energy prices based on empirical values ​​or simple market rules, lacking scientific optimization methods, resulting in inflexible price strategies and inability to effectively guide users to adjust loads. In addition, in the prior art, operators often ignore the economy and stability of system operation when formulating scheduling plans, resulting in energy waste and unstable system operation. In addition, there is less interaction between operators and users in the prior art, and changes in user needs cannot be reflected in the scheduling plan in a timely manner, resulting in low user satisfaction. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Scientific optimization of price strategy: By constructing an upper-level game model, operators can scientifically formulate electric heating and cooling price strategies based on basic operating parameter data and user needs, making prices more reasonable and flexible, effectively guiding users to adjust loads, and improving the overall economy of the system. 2. Economy and stability of system operation: By setting price constraints, interactive power constraints with the main network, and power balance constraints, it is ensured that the system finds the best balance between economy and stability, reducing energy waste and improving the reliability of system operation. 3. Timely response to user needs: By engaging in a master-slave game with users, operators can obtain users' load demand responses in a timely manner, adjust pricing strategies and output plans, improve user satisfaction, and achieve a win-win situation for both supply and demand sides.

[0059] S3: Construct a lower-level game model with users as followers, set constraints such as user load demand response, building thermal inertia and hot water load, and formulate a load energy strategy with the goal of minimizing user energy costs.

[0060] S301: Based on the electricity heating and cooling price strategy formulated by the operator, users formulate electricity load demand response strategies based on their own needs and price signals, and transfer the shiftable load to other time periods.

[0061] If the electricity price in the current period is higher than that in other periods, part of the shiftable load will be transferred to the period with lower electricity price.

[0062] If the electricity price in the current period is lower than that in other periods, the original load will remain unchanged or will be increased appropriately.

[0063] S302: By utilizing the thermal inertia of the building, users can adjust the cooling and heating loads within a comfortable temperature range to reduce energy costs.

[0064] If the cooling and heating load prices are high during the current period, the cooling and heating loads should be appropriately reduced, and the thermal inertia of the building should be used to maintain the indoor temperature.

[0065] If the cooling and heating load prices are lower during the current period, the cooling and heating loads should be increased appropriately to pre-cool or pre-heat the building in advance.

[0066] S303: Integrate the electric load demand response strategy and the cooling and heating load adjustment strategy to form the user's final energy consumption plan, and feed the plan back to the operator.

[0067] If the user's final energy consumption plan meets the operator's scheduling requirements, the plan will be fed back to the operator.

[0068] If the user's final energy consumption plan does not meet the operator's dispatch requirements, the energy consumption plan will be adjusted until it meets the requirements.

[0069] Preferably, compared with the existing technology, step S3 solves the problems of insufficient flexibility in user demand response, improper use of building thermal inertia, and insufficient interaction between users and operators by constructing a lower-level game model with users as followers. Specifically, users can flexibly adjust their electricity load demand according to the operator's pricing strategy, and transfer the shiftable load to the time period with lower electricity prices, effectively reducing energy costs; at the same time, users adjust the cold and hot loads within a comfortable temperature range, and use the building's thermal inertia to maintain the indoor temperature, reducing energy waste and improving user comfort; through the master-slave game framework, an effective interaction mechanism is formed between users and operators, and changes in user demand can be reflected in the operator's scheduling plan in a timely manner, improving the adaptability of the scheduling plan and user satisfaction. The realization of these functions not only improves the user's energy experience, but also provides strong support for the efficient operation of the park's integrated energy system.

[0070] S4: The upper and lower game models are transformed into mixed integer linear programming problems, and the optimization solution algorithm is used to obtain the price scheduling scheme for heating and cooling and the output scheduling scheme for each unit.

[0071] S401: Use KKT conditions to transform the lower-level user problems into constraints of the upper-level model.

[0072] If the KKT condition of the lower-level user problem is satisfied, it will be used as the constraint condition of the upper-level model.

[0073] S402: Linearize the obtained KKT conditions through linear relaxation technology to convert nonlinear terms into linear terms.

[0074] If the KKT conditions contain nonlinear terms, they are converted into linear terms through linear relaxation techniques.

[0075] S403: Use strong duality theory to transform the nonlinear terms in the objective function, and finally transform the two-level nonlinear scheduling model into a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) problem. Use the Yalmip language in the Matlab platform to model it, and use the Cplex solver to find the optimal solution to the problem.

[0076] If the objective function contains nonlinear terms, they are transformed into linear terms through strong duality theory, eventually forming a MILP problem.

[0077] The Yalmip language in Matlab platform is used for modeling, and the Cplex solver is used to find the optimal solution to the problem.

[0078] In summary, the present invention establishes a master-slave game coordinated optimization scheduling model for the park integrated energy system taking into account the thermal inertia of buildings and demand response. First, the relevant theoretical knowledge of game theory is introduced in detail, and the benefit functions and constraints of operators and users in the park integrated energy system are analyzed from a game perspective. The thermal inertia and demand response of the system in the park are considered in the user model, and a double-layer Stackelberg game framework for operators and users is constructed. The existence and uniqueness of the equilibrium solution of the proposed model are proved by using relevant theoretical knowledge, and then the lower-level user problem is used as the upper-level constraint condition by using mathematical means such as KKT conditions, linear relaxation technology, and strong duality theory to obtain the MILP problem. Finally, the effectiveness and rationality of the model are verified by simulation examples, and the advantages are as follows:

[0079] (1) The established two-layer coordinated optimization scheduling model based on the master-slave game can take into account the benefits of operators and users at the same time, so that they can obtain their respective optimal strategies. Operators can formulate the optimal energy price policy, and users can formulate the optimal load curve according to their own needs and the upper-level price strategy, thus achieving a win-win situation for operators and users.

[0080] (2) Since the strategies of operators and users are nested with each other, which makes it difficult to solve the problem directly, the present invention first uses the KKT condition to transform the user model into constraint conditions, then uses the complementary relaxation theory to linearize the obtained KKT conditions, and then uses the strong duality theory to transform the nonlinear terms in the objective function. Finally, a mixed integer linear programming model is successfully obtained, and the Yalmip and Cplex solvers are directly used in Matlab to solve it, which improves the speed and efficiency of model solving.

[0081] Embodiment 2 is an embodiment of the present invention, which provides a dispatching system for integrated energy in a park based on a master-slave game model, including: a collection module, used to collect basic operating parameter data in the integrated energy system of the park; a first model construction module, used to construct an upper-level game model with the operator as the leader, set upper-level price constraints, main network interactive power constraints and power balance constraints, and formulate electric heating and cooling price strategies and unit output plans with the goal of maximizing operator profits; a second model construction module, used to construct a lower-level game model with users as followers, and formulate load energy consumption strategies with the goal of minimizing user energy consumption costs; a dispatching module, used to convert the upper and lower game models into mixed integer linear programming problems, and use an optimization solution algorithm to obtain electric heating and cooling price dispatching plans and output dispatching plans for each unit.

[0082] Embodiment 3 is an embodiment of the present invention, which is different from the previous embodiment in that: if the function is implemented in the form of a software function unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes.

[0083] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as an ordered list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus (such as a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other system that can fetch instructions from an instruction execution system, device or apparatus and execute instructions), or in conjunction with such instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses. For the purposes of this specification, "computer-readable medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate or transmit a program for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus, or in conjunction with such instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses.

[0084] More specific examples of computer-readable media (a non-exhaustive list) include the following: an electrical connection with one or more wires (electronic device), a portable computer disk case (magnetic device), a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable and programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber device, and a portable compact disk read-only memory (CDROM). In addition, the computer-readable medium may even be a paper or other suitable medium on which the program is printed, since the program may be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium, followed by editing, deciphering or, if necessary, processing in another suitable manner, and then stored in a computer memory.

[0085] It should be understood that the various parts of the present invention can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. In the above-mentioned embodiments, a plurality of steps or methods can be implemented by software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented by hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented by any one of the following technologies known in the art or their combination: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function for a data signal, a dedicated integrated circuit having a suitable combination of logic gate circuits, a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

[0086] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for dispatching comprehensive energy in a park based on a master-slave game model, characterized in that: include: Collect basic operating parameter data in the park's integrated energy system; Construct an upper-level game model with operators as the leaders, set upper-level price constraints, main grid interactive power constraints and power balance constraints, and formulate electric heating and cooling price strategies and unit output plans with the goal of maximizing operator profits; Construct a lower-level game model with users as followers, and formulate load energy use strategies with the goal of minimizing user energy costs; The upper and lower game models are transformed into mixed integer linear programming problems, and the optimization solution algorithm is used to obtain the electricity, heating and cooling price scheduling plan and the output scheduling plan of each unit.

2. The method for dispatching comprehensive energy in a park based on a master-slave game model as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The basic operating parameter data include basic operating data, demand for purchased electricity and natural gas, dispatchable load parameters, hot water load demand characteristics, and building thermal inertia parameters.

3. The method for dispatching comprehensive energy in a park based on a master-slave game model as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The collecting of basic operating parameter data in the park integrated energy system comprises the following steps: Collect basic operating data in the park's integrated energy system; the basic operating data includes real-time load demand for electricity, heat and cooling, as well as the output capacity of each device and the current electricity, heat and cooling prices; Record the demand for purchased electricity and natural gas from the upper power grid and natural gas network and the corresponding time-of-use electricity and natural gas prices; Collect the user's dispatchable load parameters and clarify the load adjustment range within the dispatch cycle; the dispatchable load parameters include basic load, shiftable load and response capacity; Collecting thermal inertia parameters of campus buildings, and describing the regulation potential of cold and heat loads through the thermal inertia parameters of campus buildings; The thermal inertia parameters of the park buildings include the time characteristics of the building thermal resistance, thermal capacity and heat load hysteresis response; Recording the user's hot water load demand characteristics; the user's hot water load demand characteristics include hot water demand fluctuations and comfortable temperature range; Summarize and verify the collected basic operating parameter data.

4. The method for dispatching integrated energy in a park based on a master-slave game model as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: Construct an upper-level game model with operators as the leaders, set upper-level price constraints, main grid interactive power constraints and power balance constraints, and formulate electric heating and cooling price strategies and unit output plans with the goal of maximizing operator profits, including the following steps: Determine the electric heating and cooling energy demand based on the basic operating parameter data, and set the lower and upper limits of the electric heating and cooling prices; Record the power upper limit of interaction with the main grid and set power balance constraints to achieve a balance between electric, heating and cooling power during system operation; With the goal of maximizing operator profits, define the operator's objective function, including energy sales revenue, external energy costs, and equipment energy costs; If the profit value after deducting the cost of purchased energy and equipment energy cost from the energy sales revenue is less than zero, adjust the price strategy or output plan to increase profits; Using the objective function and constraints, electricity, heating and cooling price strategies and output plans for each unit are formulated, and these strategies are sent to users.

5. The method for dispatching integrated energy in a park based on a master-slave game model as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: If the electric heating and cooling price is lower than the set lower limit, the price is adjusted to the lower limit; if the electric heating and cooling price is higher than the set upper limit, the price is adjusted to the upper limit; If the power purchased from the upper power grid exceeds the set upper limit, the purchased power will be adjusted to the upper limit; If the electric heating and cooling power is unbalanced during system operation, adjust the output of each device to achieve balance.

6. The method for dispatching integrated energy in a park based on a master-slave game model as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The construction of the lower-level game model with users as followers and the formulation of load energy use strategies with the goal of minimizing the user's energy use cost include the following steps: According to the electric heating and cooling price strategy formulated by the operator, users formulate electric load demand response strategies based on their own needs and price signals, and transfer the shiftable load to other time periods; If the electricity price in the current period is higher than that in other periods, part of the load that can be shifted will be transferred to the period with lower electricity price; If the electricity price in the current period is lower than that in other periods, the original load will remain unchanged or be increased appropriately; Using the building's thermal inertia, users can adjust the cooling and heating loads within a comfortable temperature range; If the cooling and heating load prices are high during the current period, reduce the cooling and heating loads and use the building's thermal inertia to maintain the indoor temperature; If the price of cooling and heating loads is low during the current period, then increase the cooling and heating loads to pre-cool or pre-heat the building in advance; Integrate the electricity load demand response strategy and the cooling and heating load adjustment strategy to form the user's final energy consumption plan, and feed the plan back to the operator.

7. The method for dispatching integrated energy in a park based on a master-slave game model as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The upper and lower game models are transformed into mixed integer linear programming problems, and the optimization solution algorithm is used to obtain the electricity, heating and cooling price scheduling plan and the output scheduling plan of each unit, including the following steps: Use KKT conditions to transform lower-level user problems into constraints for the upper-level model; The obtained KKT conditions are linearized by linear relaxation techniques to convert nonlinear terms into linear terms; The strong duality theory is used to transform the nonlinear terms in the objective function, and finally the two-level nonlinear scheduling model is transformed into a mixed integer linear programming problem. The Yalmip language in the Matlab platform is used to model the problem, and the Cplex solver is used to find the optimal solution to the problem. If the objective function contains nonlinear terms, they are transformed into linear terms through strong duality theory, and finally form a MILP problem. The Yalmip language in Matlab platform is used for modeling, and the Cplex solver is used to find the optimal solution to the problem.

8. A system using the method for dispatching integrated energy in a park based on a master-slave game model as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include: The acquisition module is used to collect basic operating parameter data in the park's integrated energy system; The first model building module is used to build an upper-level game model with operators as the leaders, set upper-level price constraints, main grid interactive power constraints and power balance constraints, and formulate electric heating and cooling price strategies and unit output plans with the goal of maximizing operator profits; The second model building module is used to build a lower-level game model with users as followers and formulate a load energy use strategy with the goal of minimizing the user's energy cost; The scheduling module is used to transform the upper and lower game models into mixed integer linear programming problems, and use the optimization solution algorithm to obtain the price scheduling plan for electricity, heating and cooling and the output scheduling plan for each unit.

9. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, wherein: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method for scheduling integrated energy in a park based on a master-slave game model described in any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method for scheduling integrated energy in a park based on a master-slave game model described in any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

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