An intelligent assessment system for subway construction safety risks

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of construction risk assessment, and specifically discloses a subway construction safety risk intelligent assessment system, which includes a field data acquisition module, an equipment data import module, a construction data analysis module, a construction risk assessment module, a risk sorting and display module, a database, and an early warning execution and feedback terminal. The present invention solves the current deficiencies in data collection scope and depth by setting up key areas, and performing real-time construction site data acquisition and importing the accumulated construction time and real-time equipment monitoring data of key areas. At the same time, risk assessment is performed through three key aspects of personnel, equipment and structure, forming an independent and complete risk indicator analysis system, and by constructing risk indication maps in each key area, it is convenient for construction management personnel to conduct comprehensive risk monitoring and management, and improves the effectiveness of risk control and feedback links.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of construction risk assessment, and in particular, relates to an intelligent assessment system for subway construction safety risks. Background Art

[0002] Subway construction usually faces complex geological conditions, numerous underground pipelines, and narrow construction environment. At the same time, subway construction often involves a large number of personnel, mechanical equipment, and complex construction processes. Once a safety accident occurs, it may cause serious casualties and property losses, which highlights the necessity and importance of risk assessment in subway construction.

[0003] Prior art, such as a subway construction safety monitoring system disclosed in the Chinese invention patent application with application number 202211461254.4, includes a data acquisition module, a monitoring center module, a cloud storage module, an iterative analysis module, a dynamic analysis module, an alarm module, and an evaluation and analysis module. The data acquisition module uses different acquisition methods to collect all construction data during the construction process of the subway, and stores the collected construction data in the cloud storage module. The iterative analysis module analyzes the construction data in the non-continuous acquisition process to obtain an iterative analysis result, and then the dynamic analysis module combines the non-continuous acquisition process and the continuous acquisition process to analyze the status of subway safety construction at different times to obtain a dynamic analysis result. The evaluation and analysis module evaluates the status analysis result, and the monitoring center module monitors the safety construction status in combination with the dynamic analysis result. The alarm module sends an alarm message to each construction unit, which greatly improves the timeliness of data monitoring during the subway construction process.

[0004] Another example of the prior art is the Internet of Things-based subway construction monitoring system disclosed in the Chinese invention patent application with application number 202111188352.0, which includes a data acquisition module, a data analysis module, a cloud storage module, a real-time analysis module, and an early warning module. The data analysis module includes a construction analysis module, an operation analysis module and a comprehensive analysis module. The data acquisition module uploads the collected security data information to the cloud storage module for classified storage. The construction analysis module uses a fusion algorithm that integrates grey prediction theory and BP neural network model to predict and analyze the construction data information to obtain construction prediction data. The dynamic item monitoring module analyzes data fluctuations to obtain an operation evaluation coefficient. The operation data analysis module combines the operation evaluation coefficient to predict according to the operation data information to obtain an operation prediction result. The comprehensive analysis module then performs a comprehensive analysis, thereby improving the accuracy of data analysis in the quality monitoring process of the subway, reducing prediction errors, and improving the accuracy of data analysis.

[0005] With regard to the above technical solutions, it is obvious that the current subway construction safety risk assessment still has the following deficiencies: 1. There are certain deficiencies in the scope and depth of data collection. Data such as the focus area and construction duration are not clearly defined, and the data collection is not targeted enough, resulting in a lack of some key auxiliary information in subsequent risk assessments.

[0006] 2. In terms of risk indicator analysis, only general analysis of the data is conducted, and an independent and complete risk indicator analysis system has not been formed, resulting in insufficient coverage of risk measurement.

[0007] 3. In terms of risk assessment triggering and feedback mechanisms, the risk assessment triggering and feedback mechanisms may not be sophisticated enough. There are no independent assessment items to trigger early warnings, and no risk indication map has been constructed in terms of feedback, resulting in reduced effectiveness in risk management and feedback links. Summary of the invention

[0008] In view of this, in order to solve the problems raised in the above background technology, a subway construction safety risk intelligent assessment system is proposed.

[0009] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a subway construction safety risk intelligent assessment system, including: a field data acquisition module, which is used to collect construction site data of each key area in real time to obtain collected real-time construction site data.

[0010] The equipment data import module is used to import the accumulated construction time of each key area and the real-time equipment monitoring data in each key area.

[0011] The construction data analysis module is used to analyze real-time construction site data and real-time equipment monitoring data, and output personnel risk indicators, equipment risk indicators and structural risk indicators for each key area.

[0012] The construction risk assessment module is used to treat personnel, equipment and structure as risk items to determine whether to trigger the warning instruction. If triggered, it confirms the triggered key areas and triggered warning items.

[0013] The risk summary and display module is used to analyze the risk index of each risk item in each key area and construct a risk indication map for each key area.

[0014] The database is used to store the reference value range of each monitoring indicator corresponding to each device in each key area, and also store the appropriate value range of each environmental indicator in each key area.

[0015] The early warning execution and feedback terminal is used to start the corresponding early warning instructions based on the triggered early warning items, and to feed back the risk indication maps of each key area to the construction site management personnel.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) By setting up key areas, collecting real-time construction site data, and importing the accumulated construction time and real-time equipment monitoring data of key areas, the present invention solves the current deficiencies in the scope and depth of data collection, enhances the pertinence of data collection, and provides key auxiliary information for subsequent risk assessment.

[0017] (2) The present invention solves the problem of only general analysis of data in current risk indicator analysis by conducting risk assessment from three key aspects: personnel, equipment and structure. It comprehensively considers multiple factors to determine whether to trigger construction risk warning, and forms an independent and complete risk indicator analysis system, which improves the accuracy and coverage of risk measurement. It also reflects the real-time status of construction more comprehensively. By analyzing risk indicators in different dimensions, it can more specifically discover potential risk sources and provide specific directions for taking corresponding risk control measures. On another level, it can also more accurately identify potential risks, avoid the limitations of single factor evaluation, and improve the speed and efficiency of subsequent risk response.

[0018] (3) The present invention constructs a monitoring value change curve and extracts the slope to calculate the change matching monitoring ratio, which can effectively capture the change rate of the structural monitoring indicators, making the assessment of the structural stability more dynamic. It can not only reflect the current status of the structure, but also predict the future development trend of the structure. At the same time, the structural stability is statistically analyzed through two dimensions: the structural matching monitoring ratio and the change matching monitoring ratio, covering multiple monitoring indicators, reflecting the actual stability state of the structure more comprehensively and accurately, and realizing the quantitative assessment of the structural stability of the construction area.

[0019] (4) The present invention realizes a refined triggering assessment of subway construction risks by establishing independent risk items, and performing early warning instruction triggering judgment and confirmation of triggering key areas and triggering early warning items, thereby improving the pertinence of risk triggering, and also improving the timeliness, pertinence and efficiency of risk management and control.

[0020] (5) The present invention constructs a risk indication map for each key area by analyzing the risk index of each risk assessment item in each key area, presenting the risk status of each area in an intuitive manner, so that construction safety supervision personnel can quickly understand the overall risk distribution of the construction site, facilitate comprehensive risk monitoring and management, and improve the effectiveness of risk control and feedback links. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for describing the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the system modules of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall process of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the evaluation process of the construction risk assessment module of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the early warning instruction triggering judgment process of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a subway construction safety risk intelligent assessment system, which includes: a field data acquisition module, an equipment data import module, a construction data analysis module, a construction risk assessment module, a risk sorting and display module, a database and an early warning execution and feedback terminal.

[0028] The above-mentioned construction data analysis module is respectively connected to the field data acquisition module, the equipment data import module, the construction risk assessment module and the database, and the early warning execution and feedback terminal is respectively connected to the construction risk assessment module and the risk collation and display module.

[0029] The field data acquisition module is used to collect the construction field data of each key area in real time to obtain the collected real-time construction field data.

[0030] Specifically, the real-time construction site data includes real-time monitoring values ​​of various structural monitoring indicators, real-time construction site images, and real-time monitoring values ​​of various environmental indicators.

[0031] It should be added that the key areas need to cover construction personnel activity areas, equipment operation areas, important construction nodes and other areas for selection.

[0032] In a specific embodiment, the structural monitoring indicators include horizontal displacement, vertical displacement, rock and soil strain and structural component strain, among which the horizontal displacement can be obtained by installing a displacement sensor at a preset monitoring position to obtain the monitoring value, the vertical displacement can be obtained by installing a settlement sensor at a preset monitoring position to obtain the monitoring value, the rock and soil strain can be obtained by installing a strain sensor around the rock and soil, and the structural component strain can be obtained by obtaining the monitoring value through strain gauges attached to the surface of the structural component.

[0033] In another specific embodiment, the construction site image can be collected by a high-definition camera, and the environmental indicators include but are not limited to temperature, humidity, dust concentration and oxygen concentration, wherein the temperature is monitored by a temperature sensor, the humidity is monitored by a humidity sensor, the dust concentration is monitored by a dust concentration sensor, and the oxygen concentration is monitored by a gas sensor. The monitoring values ​​such as temperature, humidity, dust concentration and oxygen concentration are monitored by multiple sensor devices, and specifically, the average value can be selected, or the maximum value of temperature, humidity and dust concentration can be selected, and the minimum value of oxygen concentration can be selected.

[0034] The equipment data import module is used to import the accumulated construction time of each key area and the real-time equipment monitoring data in each key area.

[0035] Specifically, the real-time equipment monitoring data consists of the real-time monitoring values ​​of various monitoring indicators.

[0036] In a specific embodiment, the equipment involved in subway construction includes but is not limited to shield machines, ventilation equipment and cranes. For example, for shield machines, monitoring indicators may include cutter head speed, vibration frequency and oil pressure. For cranes, there may be lifting weight, lifting height, amplitude and working wind speed. For ventilation equipment, there are air volume, wind pressure, motor speed and temperature.

[0037] It should be added that each device collects the operating data of the device in real time through sensors and data acquisition systems. These sensors are installed in key parts of the equipment and can accurately measure the corresponding monitoring indicators. For example, a speed sensor is installed on the drive motor of the shield machine cutter head, and a pressure sensor is installed in the hydraulic system.

[0038] The embodiments of the present invention solve the current deficiencies in data collection scope and depth by setting key areas, collecting real-time construction site data, and importing the accumulated construction time and real-time equipment monitoring data of key areas, thereby enhancing the targeted nature of data collection and providing key auxiliary information for subsequent risk assessment.

[0039] The construction data analysis module is used to analyze real-time construction site data and real-time equipment monitoring data, and output personnel risk indicators, equipment risk indicators and structural risk indicators for each key area.

[0040] Specifically, the real-time construction site data and real-time equipment monitoring data are analyzed, including: S1. The real-time monitoring values ​​of each structural monitoring index are extracted from the real-time construction site data, and the structural stability of each key area is counted. , Indicates the key area number, , and as an indicator of structural risk.

[0041] S2. Based on the real-time equipment monitoring data, the equipment status consistency of each key area is counted and recorded as , taking the equipment status consistency as the equipment risk indicator.

[0042] S3. Extract real-time construction site images from real-time construction site data, construct image sequences of each key area, and perform time annotation.

[0043] S4. Use computer vision technology to monitor the image sequences of each key area, identify the construction workers therein, and mark them at the corresponding construction site image locations.

[0044] S5. For each construction worker in each key area, traverse all the construction site images of the worker in the image sequence of each key area to determine the accumulated construction time.

[0045] S6. Filter out the maximum value from the cumulative construction time of each construction worker and use it as the target cumulative construction time, recorded as , and set reference safe working hours for each key area , the target cumulative construction time and reference safe working time are used as personnel risk indicators.

[0046] The embodiment of the present invention solves the shortcomings of only general analysis of data in the current risk indicator analysis by conducting risk assessment from three key aspects: personnel, equipment and structure. It comprehensively considers multiple factors to determine whether to trigger construction risk warning, forms an independent and complete risk indicator analysis system, improves the accuracy and coverage of risk measurement, and also more comprehensively reflects the real-time status of construction. By analyzing risk indicators in different dimensions, potential risk sources can be more targeted, providing specific directions for taking corresponding risk control measures. On another level, it can also more accurately identify potential risks, avoid the limitations of single factor evaluation, and improve the speed and efficiency of subsequent risk response.

[0047] Furthermore, the specific statistical process of the structural stability of each key area in step S1 includes: S11, using time as the horizontal axis and the monitoring value as the vertical axis, constructing a monitoring value change curve of each structural monitoring indicator in each key area, and taking the slope of the monitoring value change curve, which is recorded as the change rate.

[0048] It should be added that before constructing the monitoring value change curve of each structure monitoring index in each key area with the acquisition time, the original monitoring data needs to be smoothed. There may be certain noise or fluctuations in the construction site data, and these interference factors may affect the accuracy of the slope calculation. Moving average method, low-pass filtering and other methods can be used for data smoothing. For example, for the moving average method, a suitable window size can be selected, such as 5 acquisition time points, and the average value of the monitoring value in the window at each time point is calculated, and this is used as the smoothed data point to draw the curve, and the slope is the slope of the regression line corresponding to the corresponding curve.

[0049] In a specific embodiment, the monitoring value change curve of each structural monitoring indicator is used to represent the monitoring value change trend of each structural monitoring indicator. The larger the slope, the greater the monitoring value is. For the subway structure, the monitoring value should be in a stable state, so the slope should tend to 0, which is closest to the ideal state.

[0050] S12. Mark the structural monitoring index whose change rate is less than or equal to the set reference change rate as a change matching index, and count the number of change matching indicators in each key area.

[0051] It should be added that the reference change rate may be specifically set to a value of 0.1.

[0052] S13. Mark the structural monitoring index whose monitoring value is less than or equal to the corresponding set reference value as a matching index, and count the number of real-time matching indicators in each key area.

[0053] It should be added that the reference values ​​corresponding to the structural monitoring indicators are set according to the design requirements, relevant specifications and previous engineering experience of subway construction. Corresponding structural stability assessment standards are established for each structural monitoring indicator, and used as reference values ​​for the corresponding structural monitoring indicators. For example, for vertical displacement, it may be stipulated that the settlement rate does not exceed a certain value at a certain construction stage, such as no more than 5 mm per day. 5 mm per day is used as the benchmark value, and the unit of cumulative construction time is defaulted to hours, and then As a reference value for vertical displacement in the corresponding key area.

[0054] S14. Filter out the minimum value from the number of real-time matching indicators and divide it by the number of structural monitoring indicators, and record the ratio as the structural matching monitoring ratio. At the same time, divide the number of change matching indicators by the number of structural monitoring indicators, and record the ratio as the change matching monitoring ratio.

[0055] S15. With time as the horizontal axis and the change matching monitoring ratio as the vertical axis, a curve of the change in the number of matching indicators in each key area is constructed, and its slope is extracted.

[0056] In a specific embodiment, the curve of the change of the number of matching indicators in each key area is used to represent the change trend of the number of matching indicators in each key area. The larger the slope, the more the number of matching indicators is increasing and the more stable the structure is. The smaller the slope, the less the number of matching indicators is decreasing and the worse the structural stability is.

[0057] S16. If the slope of the curve of the change of the number of matching indicators in a key area is less than or equal to the set reference slope, 0 is taken as the structural stability in the key area. Otherwise, the weight coefficients of the structural matching monitoring ratio and the change matching monitoring ratio are set, and the weighted average calculation of the structural matching monitoring ratio and the change matching monitoring ratio in the key area is performed. The calculation result is taken as the structural stability in the key area, and the structural stability of each key area is counted in turn.

[0058] It should be added that the reference slope of the matching index number change curve can also be set to a value of 0.1.

[0059] It should be added that the structural conformity monitoring ratio is obtained by comparing the monitoring value and reference value of each structural monitoring indicator at the same time point. It directly reflects the degree of conformity of each monitoring indicator of the structure with the design or specification requirements at the current moment, and is an intuitive measure of whether the structure is currently in a safe state. For example, in subway construction, when considering the stability of the main structure of the station, it is crucial whether the displacement, stress, strain and other indicators of the structure are within the allowable range at a certain moment. If the displacement monitoring value exceeds the maximum value allowed by the design, it may directly mean that there is a major problem with the structure. Therefore, giving this ratio a relatively high weight can highlight the importance of the current actual state of the structure to the overall stability assessment. By way of example, the weight coefficient of the structural conformity monitoring ratio can be taken as 0.6.

[0060] It should also be added that the change match monitoring ratio is calculated based on the slope of the monitoring value change curve, which reflects the change trend of the structural monitoring indicators. The stability of the structure depends not only on the current state, but also on its change trend. Even if the current structural monitoring indicators are within the allowable range, if the rate of change is too large, it may indicate that the structure is about to have problems. For example, in the construction of a subway tunnel, although the tunnel wall displacement at a certain moment is within the allowable range, if the displacement change rate continues to increase, it indicates that the tunnel structure may be in an unstable development process. Therefore, the change match monitoring ratio can provide early warning of potential unstable factors in the structure, and a certain weight needs to be given to reflect the importance of this trend to stability. For example, the weight coefficient of the change match monitoring ratio can be taken as 0.4.

[0061] Understandably, the structural conformity monitoring ratio and the change conformity monitoring ratio together constitute an assessment of the structural stability. The sum of their weight coefficients is set to 1 to ensure that the calculation result of the structural stability is between 0 and 1, which is convenient for quantifying and comparing the structural stability. Such quantitative results can intuitively indicate the level of structural stability. For example, a stability of 0.8 indicates that the structure is relatively stable, while a stability of 0.3 indicates that the structure may have a large instability factor.

[0062] The embodiment of the present invention constructs a monitoring value change curve and extracts the slope to calculate the change match monitoring ratio, which can effectively capture the change rate of the structural monitoring indicators, making the evaluation of the structural stability more dynamic. It can not only reflect the current status of the structure, but also predict the future development trend of the structure. At the same time, the structural stability is statistically analyzed through two dimensions of structural match monitoring ratio and change match monitoring ratio, covering multiple monitoring indicators, reflecting the actual stability state of the structure more comprehensively and accurately, and realizing the quantitative evaluation of the structural stability of the construction area.

[0063] Furthermore, regarding the statistics of the equipment status consistency of each key area in step S2, it includes: S21, extracting the reference value range of each monitoring indicator corresponding to each monitoring device in each key area from the database.

[0064] S22. Extract the real-time monitoring value of each monitoring indicator from the real-time equipment monitoring data. For each monitoring device in each key area, count the number of monitoring indicators whose monitoring values ​​are within the reference value interval, and divide it by the total number of monitoring indicators to obtain the real-time matching monitoring indicator ratio of each monitoring device in each key area, and screen out the minimum matching monitoring indicator ratio.

[0065] S23, record the monitoring equipment whose minimum matching monitoring index ratio is greater than or equal to the set monitoring index threshold as the matching equipment, count the number of matching equipment in each key area, and divide it by the number of monitoring equipment to obtain the matching ratio of monitoring equipment in each key area, which is recorded as .

[0066] S24. Record the monitoring devices whose monitoring values ​​are less than the set device monitoring threshold as deviation devices, and count the differences between the minimum matching monitoring index ratio corresponding to each deviation device in each key area and the set matching monitoring ratio threshold.

[0067] S25. If the difference between the minimum matching monitoring index ratio corresponding to a deviation device in a key area and the set matching monitoring ratio threshold is greater than or equal to 0, 0 is taken as the matching monitoring index ratio difference of the deviation device in the key area. Otherwise, the absolute value of the difference is taken as the matching monitoring index ratio difference of the deviation device in the key area, and the maximum matching monitoring index difference of the deviation device in each key area is extracted, which is recorded as , set the equipment matching correction factor for each key area, denoted as .

[0068] S26. Count the equipment status consistency of each key area , , To set the reference monitoring index ratio.

[0069] In a specific embodiment, the reference value interval of the monitoring index described in the above step S21 mainly comes from the following aspects: First, the design parameters of the equipment, which are the values ​​that each index should meet under normal operation of the equipment. For example, the design cutter head speed range and maximum propulsion speed of the shield machine. Second, the operating specifications provided by the equipment manufacturer, which stipulate the reasonable parameter range of the equipment under different working conditions. Third, industry standards and specifications, which are formulated based on a lot of practical experience and theoretical research, and have clear requirements for the safe operation parameters of the equipment. Based on these sources, a corresponding reference value interval is determined for each monitoring indicator.

[0070] The equipment matching correction factor of each key area is set in the above step S25, including: J1. Based on the reference value range of each monitoring indicator corresponding to the monitoring equipment, the target reference value of each monitoring indicator corresponding to each deviation equipment is set.

[0071] J2. Count the monitoring value differences of each deviation device corresponding to each monitoring indicator in each key area, take the absolute value of the monitoring value difference, and divide it by the corresponding target reference value, and record the ratio as the monitoring deviation degree.

[0072] J3. Filter out the maximum monitoring deviation from the monitoring deviations of each monitoring indicator corresponding to each deviation device in each key area, and record it as .

[0073] J4. Set the equipment matching correction factor for each key area , , is a natural constant.

[0074] It should be added that , Indicates The matching correction factor corresponding to the maximum monitoring deviation in the key area is: Indicates The matching correction factor of the maximum matching monitoring index difference of the corresponding monitoring equipment in the key area is calculated, where the matching correction factor of the monitoring deviation and the matching correction factor of the monitoring equipment matching ratio are both in the range of [0,1], and the average of the two is taken as the equipment matching correction factor.

[0075] It should be added that, when setting the target reference value of each monitoring indicator corresponding to each deviation device, the median of the reference value interval of the monitoring indicator corresponding to the corresponding deviation device can be selected as the target reference value.

[0076] It should also be added that the specific statistical example process of counting the monitoring value differences of each deviation device corresponding to each monitoring indicator in each key area is as follows: if the monitoring value of a certain deviation device corresponding to a certain monitoring indicator in a key area is within the reference value range of the monitoring indicator corresponding to the deviation device in the key area, 0 is used as the monitoring value difference of the deviation device corresponding to the monitoring indicator in the key area.

[0077] If the monitoring value of a certain monitoring indicator corresponding to a certain deviation device in a certain key area exceeds the upper limit value of the reference numerical value interval of the deviation device corresponding to the monitoring indicator in the key area, the difference between the monitoring value of the deviation device corresponding to the monitoring indicator in the key area and the upper limit value of the reference numerical value interval of the deviation device corresponding to the monitoring indicator in the key area shall be taken as the monitoring value difference of the deviation device corresponding to the monitoring indicator in the key area.

[0078] If the monitoring value of a certain monitoring indicator corresponding to a certain deviation device in a key area is lower than the lower limit value of the reference numerical value interval of the deviation device corresponding to the monitoring indicator in the key area, the difference between the monitoring value of the deviation device corresponding to the monitoring indicator in the key area and the lower limit value of the reference numerical value interval of the deviation device corresponding to the monitoring indicator in the key area shall be taken as the monitoring value difference of the deviation device corresponding to the monitoring indicator in the key area.

[0079] Furthermore, the use of computer vision technology to perform target monitoring on the image sequences of each key area as described in S4 is a relatively common existing technology. Specifically, a target monitoring algorithm based on deep learning can be used, such as the YOLO series, FasterR-CNN, etc. Since target monitoring is a relatively common existing technology, the specific monitoring process is omitted here and will not be described.

[0080] It should be added that, by marking the corresponding construction site image positions, a unique identifier, such as a number or name abbreviation, can be assigned to each construction worker, and the identifier can be marked to facilitate subsequent tracking and analysis of their activities in different images.

[0081] Furthermore, it should be added about step S5 that in the process of confirming the cumulative construction time, it should be noted that: at the construction site, the construction workers may be blocked by other objects or people, resulting in the inability to accurately judge their posture and construction status in some images. For this situation, a multi-view image fusion method can be used. If the construction workers are blocked in an image from a certain perspective, but their status can be clearly seen in images from other perspectives, this information can be used to accurately judge their construction status. Or make reasonable inferences based on their status before and after the occlusion and the length of the occlusion time. If the occlusion time is short, and the construction workers are in the construction state before and after the occlusion, then it can be approximately considered that they are also in the construction state during the occlusion period. If the occlusion time is long, it is necessary to analyze its subsequent status more carefully to determine whether the construction has been interrupted.

[0082] Another thing to note about step S5 during the confirmation of the accumulated construction time is that due to the complex construction site environment, the collected images may have quality problems such as blur and insufficient light, which may affect the accurate identification and status judgment of construction personnel. For cases with poor image quality, image enhancement techniques such as histogram equalization and denoising filtering can be used to improve the clarity and recognizability of the image. At the same time, combined with the situation of adjacent images, the activity status of other construction personnel in the area, etc., can be used to assist in judging the status of construction personnel in the affected images, so as to calculate their accumulated construction time as accurately as possible.

[0083] In a specific embodiment, the cumulative construction time is calculated as follows: if a construction worker appears in image 1, the collection time point is t1; if a construction worker also appears in image 2, the collection time point is t2, that is, the interval between t2 and t1 is the cumulative construction time.

[0084] Furthermore, regarding setting the reference safe working time for each key area in step S6, it includes: S61, extracting the real-time monitoring value of each environmental indicator from the real-time construction site data, confirming the duration of the deviation of each environmental indicator in each key area, and comparing it with the target cumulative construction time of the construction personnel in its construction area to obtain the environmental interference ratio.

[0085] S62. Filter out the maximum value from the environmental interference ratio of each environmental indicator in each key area as its target environmental interference ratio, denoted as .

[0086] S63, counting the number of environmental indicators in each key area whose environmental interference ratio is greater than the set reference environmental interference ratio, and dividing it by the number of environmental indicators, to obtain the interference environmental indicator coverage ratio of each key area, recorded as .

[0087] S64. Set reference safe working hours for each key area , , and They are the reference environmental interference ratio and interference environment index coverage ratio. and are the weights corresponding to the set target environment interference ratio and interference environment index coverage ratio, .

[0088] The step S61 of confirming the duration of the deviation of each environmental indicator in each key area includes: extracting the appropriate value range of each environmental indicator in each key area from the database.

[0089] If the monitoring value of a certain environmental indicator in a key area at a certain time point exceeds its appropriate value range, the time point is recorded as a deviation time point, and the deviation time point is marked on the time axis to obtain each marked point.

[0090] If the interval between two marked points exceeds the reference interval, the two marked points are divided into segments, the interval between the two marked points is recorded as the non-deviation duration, and the non-deviation durations corresponding to each segment are summed to obtain the total non-deviation duration.

[0091] The interval between the first marked point and the last marked point is counted on the time axis, and subtracted from the total non-deviation duration. The difference is used as the deviation duration, so as to obtain the deviation duration of each environmental indicator in each key area.

[0092] It should be added that the target environmental interference ratio focuses on the degree of interference of the most prominent environmental factors in each key area on the continuous construction time of construction personnel. It is the maximum value screened out from the environmental interference ratios of various environmental indicators, representing the aspect of the current environment that has the strongest interference with construction. For example, in the key area of ​​subway construction, if the indicator with the largest environmental interference ratio is the humidity of the underground space, and its excessively high humidity affects the normal operation of construction personnel and the normal operation of construction equipment for a long time, then this maximum value highlights the most critical interference factor. At the same time, when construction personnel are disturbed by a major environmental factor for a long time, the efficiency of construction will drop significantly, and it may affect the construction quality. For example, high humidity may cause electrical equipment to become damp and short-circuit, and affect the coagulation of concrete. By giving the target environmental interference ratio a higher weight, the negative effects of the environment on the construction process can be measured more accurately, so a relatively high weight should be given. For example, The value can be 0.6.

[0093] It should also be added that the interference environment indicator coverage ratio focuses on the overall coverage of interference environment indicators in each key area, that is, the degree to which multiple environmental indicators interfere with construction. Although it does not focus on the most prominent single factor like the target environment interference ratio, the interference of multiple environmental factors at the same time should not be underestimated. For example, in a key area, there may be interference from multiple environmental indicators such as noise, dust, and temperature at the same time. Even if the interference ratio of a single indicator is not the largest, the combination will put construction workers in a relatively harsh overall environment. For example, The value can be 0.4.

[0094] Understandably, relying solely on the target environmental interference ratio may ignore the combined effects of multiple other environmental factors, while the inclusion of the interference environmental indicator coverage ratio can make risk assessment more comprehensive. Combined with the weight of the target environmental interference ratio, it can more fully measure the impact of the environment on the continuous work of construction personnel and the safety and quality of the entire construction from two dimensions: single key interference factors and comprehensive environmental interference factors, providing a more comprehensive basis for subsequent construction adjustments, risk prevention and control and other decisions.

[0095] See also Figure 3 As shown, the construction risk assessment module is used to take personnel, equipment and structure as risk items to determine whether to trigger an early warning instruction. If triggered, confirm the triggered key area and triggered early warning item.

[0096] The embodiment of the present invention achieves refined triggering assessment of subway construction risks by establishing independent risk items, and performing early warning instruction triggering judgment and confirmation of triggering key areas and triggering early warning items, thereby improving the pertinence of risk triggering, and also improving the timeliness, pertinence and efficiency of risk management and control.

[0097] Specifically, see Figure 4 As shown, judging whether to trigger the early warning instruction includes: extracting the target cumulative construction time of each key area, referring to the safe working time, equipment status consistency and structural stability.

[0098] The target cumulative construction time in the critical area being greater than the reference safe working time is defined as a personnel risk trigger condition.

[0099] The equipment status consistency degree less than 0 in the critical area is defined as the equipment risk triggering condition.

[0100] The structural stability in the critical area that is less than the set reference is defined as a structural risk trigger condition.

[0101] Determine whether there are key areas that meet the above risk trigger conditions. If so, it will be triggered as the judgment result. If not, it will not be triggered as the judgment result.

[0102] Further, confirming the triggering key area and the triggering warning item includes: recording the key area that meets any one of the three personnel risk triggering conditions, equipment risk triggering conditions and structural risk triggering conditions as the triggering key area.

[0103] If a key triggering area meets the personnel risk triggering conditions, the personnel risk will be used as a trigger warning item.

[0104] If a key triggering area meets the equipment risk triggering conditions, the equipment risk will be used as a trigger warning item.

[0105] If a certain triggering key area meets the structural analysis triggering conditions, the structural risk will be used as a trigger warning item.

[0106] The risk sorting and display module is used to analyze the risk index of each risk item in each key area and construct a risk indication map for each key area.

[0107] Specifically, the risk index of each risk item in each key area is analyzed, including: when the risk item is personnel, the risk index of personnel in each key area is counted , , To set the deviation construction time for reference.

[0108] When the risk item is equipment, calculate the risk index of each key area equipment , .

[0109] When the risk item is structure, calculate the risk index of each key area equipment , , To set the structural stability of the reference.

[0110] In a specific embodiment, The specific value range may be 10 minutes to 1 hour. For example, The specific value can be 30 minutes. The specific value can be 0.5.

[0111] It should be added that the risk indication chart can be in various indication forms such as radar chart, bar chart, pie chart, etc., which can be selected according to actual needs and are not limited here. The risk indication chart can be constructed through graphic processing tools.

[0112] The embodiment of the present invention constructs a risk indication map for each key area by analyzing the risk index of each risk assessment item in each key area, presenting the risk status of each area in an intuitive manner, so that construction safety supervision personnel can quickly understand the overall risk distribution of the construction site, facilitate comprehensive risk monitoring and management, and improve the effectiveness of risk control and feedback links.

[0113] The database is used to store reference value intervals of each monitoring indicator corresponding to each device in each key area, and also stores appropriate value intervals of each environmental indicator in each key area.

[0114] The warning execution and feedback terminal is used to start the corresponding warning instruction based on the triggered risk warning item, and feed back the risk indication map of each key area to the construction site management personnel.

[0115] The above contents are merely examples and explanations of the concept of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in a similar manner. As long as they do not deviate from the concept of the invention or exceed the scope defined by the present invention, they shall all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A subway construction safety risk intelligent assessment system, characterized in that: include: On-site data collection module, collects real-time construction site data of key areas; Equipment data import module, importing the accumulated construction time of each key area and the real-time equipment monitoring data in each key area; Construction data analysis module analyzes real-time construction site data and real-time equipment monitoring data, and outputs personnel risk indicators, equipment risk indicators, and structural risk indicators for each key area; The construction risk assessment module considers personnel, equipment and structure as risk items to determine whether to trigger the warning instruction. If triggered, it confirms the triggering key area and triggering warning items; The risk summary and display module analyzes the risk index of each risk item in each key area and constructs a risk indication map for each key area; A database storing reference value ranges of each monitoring indicator corresponding to each device in each key area and appropriate value ranges of each environmental indicator in each key area; The early warning execution and feedback terminal is used to start the corresponding early warning instructions based on the triggered early warning items, and to feed back the risk indication diagrams of each key area to the construction site management personnel; Analyze real-time construction site data and real-time equipment monitoring data, including: Based on the real-time monitoring values ​​of each structural monitoring indicator, the structural stability of each key area is calculated , Indicates the key area number, , and as an indicator of structural risk; Based on real-time equipment monitoring data, statistics on the equipment status consistency of each key area , and as an indicator of equipment risk; Based on real-time construction site images, image sequences of key areas are constructed and time-labeled; Use computer vision technology to monitor the image sequences of each key area, identify the construction workers, and mark the corresponding construction site image locations; Traverse the image sequences of each key area, count the cumulative construction time of each construction worker, and take the maximum value as the target cumulative construction time, recorded as , set the reference safe working hours for each key area ,Will and as a personnel risk indicator; The statistical process is: The slope of the monitoring value change curve of each structural monitoring indicator in each key area is recorded as the change rate; The structural monitoring index whose change rate is less than or equal to the set reference change rate is marked as the change matching index, and the structural monitoring index whose monitoring value is less than or equal to the corresponding set reference value is marked as the matching index; Count the number of real-time matching indicators and the number of changing matching indicators in each key area; The ratio of the minimum value of the real-time matching index number to the number of structural monitoring indexes is recorded as the structural matching monitoring ratio, and the ratio of the number of change matching indexes to the number of structural monitoring indexes is recorded as the change matching monitoring ratio; With time as the horizontal axis and the change matching monitoring ratio as the vertical axis, a curve of the number of matching indicators in each key area is constructed, and its slope is extracted; If the slope of the curve of the number of matching indicators in a key area is less than or equal to the set reference slope, the structural stability of the key area is set to 0. Otherwise, the weight coefficients of the structural matching monitoring ratio and the change matching monitoring ratio are set and the structural stability is calculated by weighted average of the structural matching monitoring ratio and the change matching monitoring ratio, and the structural stability of each key area is counted one by one. The statistical process is: Select the minimum matching monitoring index ratio from the real-time matching monitoring index ratios of each monitoring device in each key area; The monitoring equipment whose minimum matching monitoring index ratio is greater than or equal to the set monitoring index threshold is recorded as the matching equipment, and the ratio of the number of matching equipment in each key area to the number of monitoring equipment is recorded as the matching ratio of the monitoring equipment in each key area. ; The monitoring equipment whose monitoring value is less than the set equipment monitoring threshold is recorded as a deviation equipment, and the difference between the minimum matching monitoring index ratio of each deviation equipment in each key area and the set matching monitoring ratio threshold is counted; If the above difference is greater than or equal to 0, 0 is taken as the matching monitoring index ratio difference of the deviation equipment in the key area; otherwise, the absolute value of the difference is taken as the matching monitoring index ratio difference, and the maximum matching monitoring index difference of the deviation equipment in each key area is recorded as , set the equipment matching correction factor for each key area, denoted as ; Statistics on the consistency of equipment status in each key area , , To set the reference monitoring index ratio.

2. The intelligent subway construction safety risk assessment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Obtain the real-time matching monitoring index ratio of each monitoring device in each key area, including: Extracting reference value intervals of each monitoring indicator corresponding to each monitoring device in each key area from the database; The real-time monitoring value of each monitoring indicator is extracted from the real-time equipment monitoring data. For each monitoring device in each key area, the number of monitoring indicators whose monitoring values ​​are within the reference value interval is counted and divided by the total number of monitoring indicators to obtain the real-time matching monitoring indicator ratio of each monitoring device in each key area.

3. The intelligent assessment system for subway construction safety risk according to claim 2, characterized in that: The device matching correction factor for each key area is set, including: Based on the reference value range of each monitoring indicator corresponding to the monitoring equipment, set the target reference value of each monitoring indicator corresponding to each deviation equipment; Count the difference in monitoring values ​​of each monitoring indicator corresponding to each deviation device in each key area, take the absolute value of the difference in monitoring values, and divide it by the corresponding target reference value, and record the ratio as the monitoring deviation degree; The maximum monitoring deviation is selected from the monitoring deviations of each monitoring indicator corresponding to each deviation device in each key area, and recorded as ; Set the equipment fit correction factor for each key area , , is a natural constant.

4. The intelligent assessment system for subway construction safety risk according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reference safe working hours for setting each key area include: Extracting the real-time monitoring value of each environmental indicator from the real-time construction site data, confirming the duration of the deviation of each environmental indicator in each key area, and comparing it with the target cumulative construction time of the construction personnel in the construction area to obtain the environmental interference ratio; The maximum value is selected from the environmental interference ratio of each environmental indicator in each key area as its target environmental interference ratio, which is recorded as ; The number of environmental indicators whose environmental interference ratio in each key area is greater than the set reference environmental interference ratio is counted and divided by the number of environmental indicators to obtain the interference environmental indicator coverage ratio of each key area, which is recorded as ; Set reference safe working hours for each key area , , and They are the reference environmental interference ratio and interference environment index coverage ratio. and are the weights corresponding to the set target environment interference ratio and interference environment index coverage ratio, .

5. The intelligent assessment system for subway construction safety risk according to claim 4, characterized in that: The confirmation of the duration of deviation of each environmental indicator in each key area includes: Extract the appropriate value range of each environmental indicator in each key area from the database; If the monitoring value of a certain environmental indicator in a key area at a certain time point exceeds its appropriate value range, the time point is recorded as a deviation time point, and the deviation time point is marked on the time axis to obtain each marked point; If the interval between two marked points exceeds the reference interval, the two marked points are divided into segments, the interval between the two marked points is recorded as the non-deviation duration, and the non-deviation durations corresponding to each segment are summed to obtain the total non-deviation duration; The interval between the first marked point and the last marked point is counted on the time axis, and subtracted from the total non-deviation duration. The difference is used as the deviation duration, so as to obtain the deviation duration of each environmental indicator in each key area.

6. The intelligent assessment system for subway construction safety risk according to claim 1, characterized in that: The determining whether to trigger the warning instruction includes: Extract the target cumulative construction time, reference safe working time, equipment status consistency and structural stability of each key area; The target cumulative construction time in the critical area is greater than the reference safe working time, which is defined as the personnel risk trigger condition; The equipment status consistency degree in the critical area is less than 0, which is defined as the equipment risk trigger condition; The structural stability in the critical area that is less than the set reference is defined as a structural risk trigger condition; Determine whether there are key areas that meet the above risk trigger conditions. If so, it will be triggered as the judgment result. If not, it will not be triggered as the judgment result.

7. The intelligent assessment system for subway construction safety risk according to claim 1, characterized in that: The confirmation of triggering key areas and triggering warning items includes: The key area that meets any one of the three triggering conditions of personnel risk, equipment risk and structure risk is recorded as the triggering key area; If a key triggering area meets the personnel risk triggering conditions, the personnel risk will be used as a triggering warning item; If a key triggering area meets the equipment risk triggering conditions, the equipment risk will be used as a triggering warning item; If a certain triggering key area meets the structural analysis triggering conditions, the structural risk will be used as a trigger warning item.

8. The intelligent assessment system for subway construction safety risk according to claim 4, characterized in that: The risk index of each risk item in each key area is analyzed, including: When the risk item is personnel, calculate the risk index of personnel in each key area , , To set the construction time for the deviation of the reference; When the risk item is equipment, calculate the risk index of each key area equipment , ; When the risk item is structure, calculate the risk index of each key area equipment , , To set the structural stability of the reference.

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