Half-wavelength controllable tuning method under background of dual-carbon and novel power system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of power systems, and discloses a half-wavelength controllable tuning method under the background of a dual-carbon and novel power system. Comprising the following steps: system evaluation and demand analysis: collecting power grid information and fusing dual carbon and novel power system demands to determine a tuning target and key parameters; designing a half-wavelength tuning strategy, determining tuning parameters by using a particle swarm optimization algorithm, formulating the strategy, and performing simulation optimization; selecting and configuring half-wavelength controllable equipment, evaluating performance indexes, selecting equipment, and reasonably configuring, installing and debugging; system integration and communication network construction: integrating equipment and constructing a reliable communication network to ensure information transmission; tuning implementation and monitoring are carried out, a control system is developed to send instructions, data are collected and analyzed to evaluate performance, and optimization is fed back according to results. According to the invention, the stability and adaptability of the power grid are enhanced, the intelligent development is promoted, the resource configuration and structure are optimized, the safety and sustainable development are guaranteed, and the challenges of dual-carbon and novel power systems can be effectively handled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power systems, and in particular to a half-wavelength controllable tuning method suitable for dual-carbon and new power systems. Background Art

[0002] In the context of dual carbon and new power systems, the power grid is facing many new challenges and requirements. With the advancement of the dual carbon goals, the proportion of renewable energy access to the power grid continues to increase, and the intermittent and volatile nature of new energy has brought tremendous pressure to the stable operation of the power grid. The tuning method of the traditional power system is difficult to adapt to the situation of such a high proportion of new energy access, and cannot effectively cope with the frequent changes in the power generation power of new energy, which can easily lead to problems such as grid frequency fluctuations and voltage instability, affecting the safe and stable operation of the power grid.

[0003] At the same time, the existing technology has the defects of low tuning accuracy and low efficiency in the process of grid tuning. The selection of tuning parameters often lacks accurate optimization means, making it difficult to achieve the best tuning effect. Moreover, the equipment selection and configuration are not scientific and reasonable enough, cannot fully meet the tuning requirements, and fail to fully consider the collaborative working effect between equipment and the impact on the overall performance of the grid. In addition, the reliability and real-time performance of the communication network are insufficient, and it is impossible to ensure the accurate and rapid transmission of tuning instructions and status information, which limits the timeliness and effectiveness of grid regulation.

[0004] Furthermore, the traditional tuning method has a low level of intelligence, is complex for operators to operate, and is difficult to automatically adjust the tuning strategy according to the real-time operation of the power grid. The power grid resource allocation is not optimized enough, and the reactive power distribution is unreasonable, resulting in large transmission losses. The transmission capacity and resource allocation efficiency need to be improved.

[0005] To this end, we propose a half-wavelength controllable tuning method in the context of dual-carbon and new power systems. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a half-wavelength controllable tuning method under the background of dual-carbon and new power systems, which is used to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, achieve accurate and efficient half-wavelength tuning, and improve the stability and transmission efficiency of the power grid under the background of dual-carbon and new power systems.

[0007] In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A half-wavelength controllable tuning method under the background of dual-carbon and new power system includes the following steps:

[0009] S1. System assessment and demand analysis: Use data collection tools and performance evaluation software to analyze the current status of the grid’s topological information, equipment performance, and load characteristics. Combined with the dual carbon goals and the needs of the new power system, clarify the specific goals of tuning through multi-criteria decision analysis. Based on the current status analysis and goal setting, determine the key parameters of tuning to provide a basis for strategy design.

[0010] S2. Design of half-wavelength tuning strategy. Based on the evaluation results of S1, particle swarm optimization (PSO) is applied to find the best tuning frequency, phase and amplitude parameters. Based on the optimized parameters, a tuning strategy including the timing, duration and method of tuning is formulated. Simulation software is used to simulate the effect of the tuning strategy to ensure the feasibility and effectiveness of the strategy. Through feedback from simulation results, the tuning strategy is continuously optimized iteratively until the expected tuning effect is achieved.

[0011] S3. Selection and configuration of half-wavelength controllable equipment, evaluate the performance indicators of different equipment, select equipment that meets the requirements of the tuning strategy, configure the equipment according to the tuning strategy and equipment performance, determine the installation location, and perform on-site installation and commissioning;

[0012] S4 system integration and communication network construction: integrate the half-wavelength controllable equipment selected in S3 with the existing power grid system to build a reliable communication network to ensure real-time transmission of tuning instructions and status information;

[0013] S5. Tuning implementation and monitoring, develop a tuning command control system, automatically send tuning commands to each device through the tuning command control system, collect power grid operation data in real time, and evaluate the performance of the tuned power grid through performance evaluation tools to ensure stability and transmission efficiency.

[0014] Furthermore, the S1 includes:

[0015] S11. Data collection and organization: Use smart meters, sensor networks and other data collection tools to collect electrical quantity data such as voltage, current, power, and equipment operating status information at each node in the power grid, with the collection time span covering at least a complete power load cycle; obtain the topological structure information of the power grid from the power grid management system (GIS), including line length, line impedance, transformer ratio, node connection relationship, etc., and organize this information into a digital format for analysis;

[0016] S12. Use power system analysis software to process the collected data; calculate various performance indicators of the power grid, including power loss, voltage qualification rate, harmonic content, etc.;

[0017] Analyze load characteristics, decompose the load into different components by clustering historical load data, and determine the peak and valley periods of load and the law of load change;

[0018] S13. Integrate the dual carbon and new power system needs, analyze the impact of dual carbon goals on the power grid, combine local energy development plans and carbon emission targets, determine specific goals for increasing the proportion of renewable energy access, and analyze the requirements of measures to reduce carbon emissions on power grid operation; in view of the characteristics of high proportion of new energy access in the new power system, analyze the impact of intermittent and volatile new energy on power grid stability, and determine the frequency regulation capability that the tuned power grid should have;

[0019] S14. Determine key parameters. According to the current situation analysis and goal setting, determine the key parameters related to half-wavelength tuning. The key parameters include determining the line parameters and equipment parameters that may affect the tuning effect based on the topology of the power grid and the performance of the equipment.

[0020] According to the topological structure of the power grid and the performance of the equipment, the inductance and capacitance of the line, as well as the short-circuit impedance of the transformer and other parameters are accurately calculated. These parameters will serve as an important basis for half-wavelength tuning.

[0021] Further, the S2 includes:

[0022] S21. Initialize the optimization algorithm parameters. For the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, set the population size and the initial value of the inertia weight. The initial value of the inertia weight is set to 0.9, and the initial value of the inertia weight is updated according to the linear decreasing strategy. The update formula is:

[0023]

[0024] Among them, ω max is the inertia weight value at the initial iteration, ω min is the inertia weight value at the later stage of iteration, ω is the updated inertia weight value, k is the current iteration number, and K is the total iteration number;

[0025] Determine the initial range of the position and velocity of each particle, and the tuning frequency, phase and amplitude corresponding to each dimension of the position vector; the initial frequency range is set to [49.5, 50.5] Hz (taking 50 Hz grid as an example) according to the allowable fluctuation range of the grid frequency and the tuning requirements, the initial phase range is [-15°, 15°], and the initial amplitude range is [-0.95, 1.05] times the rated value; the initial range of the velocity vector is set to [-0.05, 0.05] times the corresponding position range based on experience;

[0026] S22. Definition and calculation of fitness function. The fitness function is defined to evaluate the quality of the tuning parameter combination represented by each particle, taking into account the power loss, voltage stability, frequency stability and other objectives. The formula is as follows:

[0027]

[0028] In the formula, ω1, ω2, ω3 are weight coefficients; For the tuning parameter combination Power loss under is the voltage amplitude of node j after tuning; V ref is the reference voltage amplitude; is the frequency of node j after tuning; f ref is the reference frequency; m is the total number of nodes monitoring voltage and frequency;

[0029] For each particle in the population Substitute its tuning parameters into the power system simulation model (such as the power system model in Simulink) for simulation calculation to obtain the corresponding power grid performance indicators, thereby calculating the fitness value

[0030] S23. Particle update and iterative optimization, according to the update formula of the PSO algorithm, update the speed and position of each particle:

[0031]

[0032]

[0033] in, is the velocity vector of particle i at the k+1th iteration, is the velocity vector of particle i at the kth iteration, is the individual optimal position vector of particle i, is the global optimal position vector, r1 and r2 are random numbers between [0,1]; represents the position of particle i in the solution space at the kth iteration; represents the position of particle i in the solution space at the k+1th iteration;

[0034] Check whether the particle position exceeds the preset tuning parameter range. If so, perform boundary processing, which includes limiting the particle position to the boundary or adopting a rebound strategy.

[0035] Repeat the above until the preset number of iterations is reached or the convergence condition is met, such as the global optimal fitness value no longer improves;

[0036] S24. Tuning strategy formulation, the tuning strategy includes:

[0037] Select the tuning parameters corresponding to the global optimal particle as the final tuning parameters;

[0038] Determine the timing of tuning based on the operation rules and load characteristics of the power grid; perform tuning one hour before the daily load peak to adapt to high load demand in advance; or perform tuning 30 minutes before the forecast of large fluctuations in renewable energy power generation to enhance the adaptability of the power grid to changes in renewable energy;

[0039] Determine the duration of tuning, which is set according to the dynamic response characteristics of the power grid and the maintenance time of the tuning effect; analyze the changing trend of the power grid performance under different tuning parameters through simulation. If it is found that the power grid performance under a certain set of parameters remains in a good state for a period of time after tuning, then set this time period as the duration;

[0040] Select the tuning method, which includes centralized tuning or distributed tuning, and formulate the corresponding control logic; centralized tuning needs to ensure the reliability and real-time performance of communication, and distributed tuning needs to design a reasonable local control strategy to avoid conflicts between devices.

[0041] Further, the S3 includes:

[0042] S31. Determine the equipment performance evaluation indicators. According to the requirements of the tuning strategy, determine the key indicators for evaluating the performance of half-wavelength controllable equipment; for half-wavelength transformers, the key indicators include the ratio adjustment range, short-circuit impedance, adjustment speed, etc.; for half-wavelength capacitors, the key indicators include capacitance adjustment range, withstand voltage value, loss tangent, etc.; for half-wavelength inductors, the key indicators include inductance adjustment range, saturation current, quality factor, etc.;

[0043] S32. Equipment selection and technical parameter comparison, collect technical information of half-wavelength controllable equipment produced by different manufacturers on the market, including product manuals, performance test reports, etc., to ensure the completeness and accuracy of the information; conduct detailed comparative analysis of different equipment for each key performance indicator;

[0044] Based on the comparison results, select a list of equipment models whose performance meets the requirements of the tuning strategy, requiring that all key indicators of the equipment meet or exceed the set requirements and have the best overall performance;

[0045] S33. Determine the equipment performance evaluation index, determine the installation location of the half-wavelength controllable equipment according to the topology and tuning requirements of the power grid, consider the mutual influence and collaborative working effect between the equipment, and reasonably configure the equipment;

[0046] S34. On-site installation and commissioning: perform on-site installation of half-wavelength controllable equipment in accordance with the equipment installation manual and relevant standards and specifications; during the installation process, strictly control the installation accuracy;

[0047] After the equipment is installed, debugging work is carried out; first, single equipment debugging is carried out to check whether the various functions of the equipment are normal; then system joint debugging is carried out to simulate actual tuning operations, observe the collaborative work between equipment and the impact on grid performance, and make timely adjustments and optimizations to any problems found to ensure that the entire system can operate stably and meet the tuning requirements.

[0048] Further, the S4 includes:

[0049] S41. Hardware interface design and connection: Detailed analysis of the hardware interface requirements between the half-wavelength controllable device and other devices in the existing power grid system; determination of the interface type, communication protocol and electrical connection method;

[0050] Make hardware connections according to interface design requirements; during the connection process, ensure the accuracy and stability of signal transmission and avoid electromagnetic interference and other problems;

[0051] S42. Build the communication network architecture and select the appropriate communication network architecture. For large urban power grids, adopt a hierarchical and distributed communication network architecture, with the control center as the core node and each substation as a sub-node, connected through an optical fiber backbone network to form a star topology to ensure the reliability and real-time performance of communication. The backbone network communication rate shall not be less than 100Mbps, the branch network communication rate shall not be less than 10Mbps, and the network delay shall not exceed 10 milliseconds.

[0052] Configure network equipment, such as switches, routers, communication gateways, etc.; set equipment parameters such as IP addresses, subnet masks, routing rules, etc. to ensure that network equipment can communicate correctly and data can be accurately and quickly transmitted between half-wavelength controllable equipment and other equipment in the power grid system; perform performance tests on network equipment, including throughput tests, packet loss rate tests (less than 0.1%), etc., to ensure that the equipment meets communication requirements;

[0053] S43. Communication protocol configuration and testing: According to the selected communication protocol, configure the protocol for both parties; define communication elements such as data object model (DO), data set (DataSet), report control block (RCB), etc. to ensure that both parties can understand and parse the data sent by the other party; perform consistency check on the protocol configuration to ensure the accuracy and completeness of the configuration parameters;

[0054] S44. Implementation of network security protection measures. Considering the security of the power grid system, communication network security protection measures are implemented; firewalls are set up to prevent illegal external access, and only authorized IP addresses or devices are allowed to communicate with half-wavelength controllable devices. The firewall rules are set accurately and the protection success rate reaches 100%;

[0055] Use encryption technology to encrypt the transmitted data to prevent the data from being stolen or tampered with during transmission;

[0056] Regularly scan and update network security vulnerabilities to promptly discover and repair potential security risks and ensure the stable operation of the communication network;

[0057] Further, the S5 includes:

[0058] S51. Tuning command control system development, based on the power grid monitoring platform or special control system software development tuning command control system; the system should have a friendly user interface, the operator can intuitively input tuning parameters or select preset tuning strategies through the interface, the accuracy of the input parameters to verify the accuracy of 100%;

[0059] Within the system, the generation, encoding and sending functions of tuning instructions are realized; according to the selected communication protocol, the tuning instructions are encapsulated into messages that conform to the protocol format and sent to the corresponding half-wavelength controllable devices through the communication network. The instruction encoding accuracy rate reaches 100%, and the instruction sending success rate reaches 100%;

[0060] Establish a priority mechanism and error handling mechanism for command sending. When an emergency occurs in the power grid, emergency control commands are sent first. When command sending fails, the system can automatically resend the command or issue an alarm message to ensure that the tuning command can reach the equipment accurately.

[0061] S52. Real-time data collection and transmission. Data collection devices are installed in the power grid to collect operation data related to tuning, including electrical quantity data such as voltage, current, power, frequency, and status information of half-wavelength controllable devices. The sampling frequency of the data collection device is set according to the dynamic characteristics of the power grid. For example, for frequency regulation related data, the sampling frequency is not less than 1000Hz; for voltage, current and other data, the sampling frequency is not less than 100Hz;

[0062] The collected data is transmitted to the monitoring center in real time through the communication network; to ensure the real-time and accuracy of data transmission, a data check and retransmission mechanism is used to prevent data loss or error;

[0063] S53. Grid performance evaluation and analysis: In the monitoring center, the received grid operation data is processed and analyzed using performance evaluation tools; various performance indicators are calculated, including power loss, voltage qualification rate, frequency deviation, etc. The formula is the same as the performance evaluation formula in S1, and the accuracy of the calculation result is within ±1%;

[0064] Compare the performance indicators after tuning with the data before tuning to evaluate the tuning effect; calculate the power loss reduction rate to determine whether the tuning has achieved the expected energy-saving effect; observe whether the voltage qualification rate has improved and whether the frequency deviation is within the allowable range, etc., to conduct a comprehensive and accurate evaluation of the tuning effect. The power loss reduction rate formula is expressed as:

[0065]

[0066] In the formula, ΔP loss Indicates reduced power loss; P loss,b It shows the total power loss in the power grid due to line resistance, transformer loss and other factors before the implementation of half-wavelength tuning measures; P loss,a The actual power loss in the grid after the half-wavelength tuning operation is completed;

[0067] S54. Feedback control and optimization adjustment: According to the performance evaluation results, if it is found that the power grid performance does not meet the expected target, such as the power loss is still high or the voltage stability is insufficient, the tuning parameters are adjusted through the tuning command control system, and the tuning command is sent to the half-wavelength controllable device again for optimization adjustment;

[0068] A feedback control loop is established so that the tuning process can be automatically adjusted according to the actual operation of the power grid; for example, when the grid load changes and causes the voltage to drop, the monitoring system automatically detects the voltage deviation and adjusts the parameters of the half-wavelength controllable device according to the preset control strategy to increase the voltage level and achieve dynamic optimization tuning.

[0069] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial technical effects of the invention are:

[0070] Enhance the stability and adaptability of the power grid. When a high proportion of new energy is connected, the power grid frequency stability is good, ensuring the safe and stable operation of the power grid and effectively avoiding power grid accidents caused by frequency or voltage problems.

[0071] It can quickly adapt to load changes and the intermittent nature of renewable energy power generation. When there is a peak load or a sudden change in renewable energy power, the power grid can quickly adjust to the optimal operating state, demonstrating strong adaptability and flexibility, and improving the power grid's ability to respond to different operating conditions.

[0072] It promotes the intelligent development of power grids and realizes the full automation and intelligence of the tuning process. Operators can easily complete complex tuning operations through a friendly user interface. The system automatically generates and sends tuning instructions based on preset strategies and real-time monitoring data, greatly improving the efficiency and accuracy of power grid regulation.

[0073] The real-time data acquisition and transmission system ensures that the monitoring center can obtain grid operation status information in a timely manner, the performance evaluation tool accurately analyzes grid performance, and the feedback control loop automatically optimizes the tuning parameters according to the evaluation results, forming an intelligent closed-loop control system. This keeps the grid in an efficient and stable operating state and promotes the development of the grid towards intelligence and automation.

[0074] Optimize the allocation and structure of power grid resources, and rationally select and configure half-wavelength controllable equipment, optimize the reactive power distribution and power flow of the power grid, reduce reactive power transmission losses, and improve the power transmission capacity and resource allocation efficiency of the power grid. Improve the voltage distribution of long-distance transmission lines, improve the power flow optimization level between regional power grids, and make the power grid operation more economical and reasonable.

[0075] The reliable construction of the communication network realizes the information interconnection between various parts of the power grid, promotes the coordinated use and optimized scheduling of power grid resources, improves the coordination and integrity of the entire power grid system, and lays the foundation for the further development and upgrading of the power grid in the future.

[0076] To ensure the security and sustainable development of the power grid, strict network security protection measures effectively prevent external illegal intrusion and data leakage, ensure the security of power grid operation data and tuning instructions, ensure the stable operation of the power grid system, and avoid power grid failures and social impacts caused by network security issues.

[0077] The implementation of the entire technical solution will help the sustainable development of the power grid under the dual-carbon background, improve the power grid's ability to accept renewable energy, promote the transformation of the energy structure, reduce dependence on traditional fossil energy, meet the requirements of social development for clean, efficient and sustainable use of energy, and provide technical support for the sustainable development of the power industry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0078] Figure 1 It is a logic block diagram of a half-wavelength controllable tuning method in the context of dual carbon and new power systems;

[0079] Figure 2 It is a logic block diagram of a power grid assessment and demand analysis method;

[0080] Figure 3 Logic block diagram of the design method for half-wavelength tuning strategy;

[0081] Figure 4It is a logic block diagram of the selection and configuration method of half-wavelength controllable equipment;

[0082] Figure 5 Build logical block diagrams for system integration and communication network methods;

[0083] Figure 6 Logical block diagram for tuning implementation and monitoring method. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0084] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the invention more clear, the invention is further described in detail below in combination with the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the invention and are not used to limit the invention.

[0085] like Figure 1 As shown, a half-wavelength controllable tuning method under the background of dual carbon and new power system includes the following steps:

[0086] A half-wavelength controllable tuning method under the background of dual-carbon and new power system includes the following steps:

[0087] S1. Grid assessment and demand analysis: Use data collection tools and performance evaluation software to analyze the current status of the grid’s topological information, equipment performance, and load characteristics. Combined with the dual carbon goals and the needs of the new power system, clarify the specific goals of tuning through multi-criteria decision analysis. Based on the current status analysis and goal setting, determine the key parameters of tuning to provide a basis for strategy design.

[0088] S2. Design of half-wavelength tuning strategy. Based on the evaluation results of S1, particle swarm optimization (PSO) is applied to find the best tuning frequency, phase and amplitude parameters. Based on the optimized parameters, a tuning strategy including the timing, duration and method of tuning is formulated. Simulation software is used to simulate the effect of the tuning strategy to ensure the feasibility and effectiveness of the strategy. Through feedback from simulation results, the tuning strategy is continuously optimized iteratively until the expected tuning effect is achieved.

[0089] S3. Selection and configuration of half-wavelength controllable equipment, evaluate the performance indicators of different equipment, select equipment that meets the requirements of the tuning strategy, configure the equipment according to the tuning strategy and equipment performance, determine the installation location, and perform on-site installation and commissioning;

[0090] S4 system integration and communication network construction: integrate the half-wavelength controllable equipment selected in S3 with the existing power grid system to build a reliable communication network to ensure real-time transmission of tuning instructions and status information;

[0091] S5. Tuning implementation and monitoring, develop a tuning command control system, automatically send tuning commands to each device through the tuning command control system, collect power grid operation data in real time, and evaluate the performance of the tuned power grid through performance evaluation tools to ensure stability and transmission efficiency.

[0092] like Figure 2 As shown, the S1 includes:

[0093] S11. Data collection and organization: Use data collection tools such as smart meters and sensor networks to collect data on electrical quantities such as voltage, current, and power at each node in the power grid, as well as information on the operating status of equipment (such as transformer oil temperature, circuit breaker opening and closing status, etc.). The collection time span covers at least a complete power load cycle (such as 24 hours); obtain topological information of the power grid from the power grid management system (GIS), including line length, line impedance, transformer ratio, node connection relationship, etc., and organize this information into a digital format for analysis;

[0094] S12. Use power system analysis software (such as PSASP, Power System Toolbox in MATLAB / Simulink, etc.) to process the collected data; calculate various performance indicators of the power grid, including power loss, voltage qualification rate, harmonic content, etc.;

[0095] Analyze load characteristics. By clustering historical load data, decompose the load into different components (such as industrial load, commercial load, residential load, etc.), determine the peak and valley periods of load, and the law of load change;

[0096] S13. Integrate the dual carbon and new power system needs, analyze the impact of the dual carbon goals on the power grid, and determine specific goals for increasing the proportion of renewable energy access in combination with local energy development plans and carbon emission targets. For example, based on the regional renewable energy resource assessment and energy transformation plan, set a target of increasing the proportion of distributed photovoltaic power generation access from the current 10% to 30% within the next five years, and determine the goals that need to be achieved through tuning accordingly, such as reducing the abandonment rate of distributed photovoltaic power generation from the current 5% to below 2%;

[0097] Analyze the requirements of measures to reduce carbon emissions on grid operation, such as improving the energy efficiency of the grid, setting a goal of reducing the comprehensive line loss rate of the tuned grid by 10%, and achieving this by optimizing the grid structure and improving equipment operation efficiency;

[0098] In view of the characteristics of high proportion of renewable energy access in new power systems, the impact of intermittent and volatile renewable energy on grid stability is analyzed to determine the frequency regulation capability that the grid should have after tuning. For example, the grid is required to control the frequency deviation within ±0.2Hz when the renewable energy power generation power fluctuates by ±30% to ensure the system frequency stability and ensure that the voltage fluctuation does not exceed ±5%.

[0099] Taking into account the harmonic problems caused by the widespread use of power electronic equipment, a goal of reducing the harmonic content of the tuned grid by 30% is set to improve the power quality and meet the needs of the new power system for high-quality power supply.

[0100] S14. Determine the key parameters. According to the current situation analysis and target setting, determine the key parameters related to half-wavelength tuning. The key parameters include line parameters (such as line inductance and capacitance) and equipment parameters (such as transformer short-circuit impedance) that may affect the tuning effect based on the topology of the power grid and equipment performance.

[0101] According to the topological structure of the power grid and the performance of the equipment, the inductance of the line (the calculation model takes into account factors such as the geometry of the line and the magnetic permeability, and the calculation error does not exceed ±5%) and capacitance (taking into account the line-to-ground capacitance, phase-to-phase capacitance, etc., and the calculation error does not exceed ±5%), as well as the short-circuit impedance of the transformer (obtained through short-circuit tests or accurate calculation models, with an error of no more than ±3%) and other parameters are accurately calculated. These parameters will serve as an important basis for half-wavelength tuning.

[0102] like Figure 3 As shown, the S2 includes:

[0103] S21. Initialize the optimization algorithm parameters. For the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, set the population size (the population size is appropriately adjusted according to the scale and complexity of the power grid, and the population size can be appropriately increased for large-scale power grids), set the initial value of the inertia weight, and set the initial value of the inertia weight to 0.9. The initial value of the inertia weight is updated according to the linear decreasing strategy. The update formula is:

[0104]

[0105] Among them, ω max is the inertia weight value at the initial iteration, ω min is the inertia weight value at the later stage of iteration, ω is the updated inertia weight value, k is the current iteration number, and K is the total iteration number;

[0106] Determine the initial range of the position and velocity of each particle, and the tuning frequency, phase and amplitude corresponding to each dimension of the position vector; the initial frequency range is set to [49.5, 50.5] Hz (taking 50 Hz grid as an example) according to the allowable fluctuation range of the grid frequency and the tuning requirements, the initial phase range is [-15°, 15°], and the initial amplitude range is [-0.95, 1.05] times the rated value; the initial range of the velocity vector is set to [-0.05, 0.05] times the corresponding position range based on experience;

[0107] S22. Definition and calculation of fitness function. The fitness function is defined to evaluate the quality of the tuning parameter combination represented by each particle, taking into account the power loss, voltage stability, frequency stability and other objectives. The formula is as follows:

[0108]

[0109] In the formula, ω1, ω2, ω3 are weight coefficients; For the tuning parameter combination Power loss under is the voltage amplitude of node j after tuning; V ref is the reference voltage amplitude; is the frequency of node j after tuning; f ref is the reference frequency; m is the total number of nodes monitoring voltage and frequency;

[0110] For each particle in the population Substitute its tuning parameters into the power system simulation model (such as the power system model in Simulink) for simulation calculation to obtain the corresponding power grid performance indicators, thereby calculating the fitness value

[0111] S23. Particle update and iterative optimization, according to the update formula of the PSO algorithm, update the speed and position of each particle:

[0112]

[0113] in, is the velocity vector of particle i at the k+1th iteration, is the velocity vector of particle i at the kth iteration, is the individual optimal position vector of particle i, is the global optimal position vector, r1 and r2 are random numbers between [0,1]; represents the position of particle i in the solution space at the kth iteration; represents the position of particle i in the solution space at the k+1th iteration;

[0114] Check whether the particle position exceeds the preset tuning parameter range. If so, perform boundary processing, which includes limiting the particle position to the boundary or adopting a rebound strategy.

[0115] Repeat the above until the preset number of iterations is reached or the convergence condition is met, such as the global optimal fitness value no longer improves;

[0116] S24. Tuning strategy formulation, the tuning strategy includes:

[0117] The tuning parameters (optimal tuning frequency, phase and amplitude) corresponding to the global optimal particle are selected as the final tuning parameters;

[0118] Determine the timing of tuning based on the operation rules and load characteristics of the power grid; perform tuning one hour before the daily load peak to adapt to high load demand in advance; or perform tuning 30 minutes before the forecast of large fluctuations in renewable energy power generation to enhance the adaptability of the power grid to changes in renewable energy;

[0119] Determine the duration of tuning, which is set according to the dynamic response characteristics of the power grid and the maintenance time of the tuning effect; analyze the changing trend of the power grid performance under different tuning parameters through simulation. If it is found that the power grid performance under a certain set of parameters remains in a good state for a period of time after tuning, then set this time period as the duration;

[0120] Select a tuning method, such as centralized tuning (the power grid control center sends tuning instructions to each device) or distributed tuning (each device tunes autonomously based on local measurement information and preset rules), and formulate corresponding control logic; centralized tuning needs to ensure the reliability and real-time performance of communication, and distributed tuning needs to design a reasonable local control strategy to avoid conflicts between devices.

[0121] like Figure 4 As shown, the S3 includes:

[0122] S31. Determine the equipment performance evaluation indicators. According to the requirements of the tuning strategy, determine the key indicators for evaluating the performance of half-wavelength controllable equipment; for half-wavelength transformers, key indicators include ratio adjustment range (required to cover the grid voltage adjustment requirements), short-circuit impedance (matching the grid short-circuit capacity), adjustment speed (meeting the fast tuning requirements), etc.; for half-wavelength capacitors, key indicators include capacitance adjustment range (set according to reactive power compensation requirements), withstand voltage value, loss tangent (the smaller the better, such as less than 0.001), etc.; for half-wavelength inductors, key indicators include inductance adjustment range (determined according to the tuning frequency range), saturation current (greater than 1.2 times the maximum possible current of the grid), quality factor, etc.;

[0123] S32. Equipment selection and technical parameter comparison,

[0124] Collect technical information of half-wavelength controllable devices produced by different manufacturers on the market, including product manuals, performance test reports, etc., to ensure the completeness and accuracy of the information; conduct detailed comparative analysis of different devices for each key performance indicator; for example, for the ratio adjustment range, accurately compare whether each half-wavelength transformer fully meets the voltage regulation requirements in the tuning strategy; for the adjustment speed, evaluate whether each device can complete parameter adjustment within the specified time after receiving the tuning command through actual tests or test data provided by the manufacturer, and control the test error within ±1 second.

[0125] Based on the comparison results, select a list of equipment models whose performance meets the requirements of the tuning strategy, requiring that all key indicators of the equipment meet or exceed the set requirements and have the best overall performance;

[0126] S33. The equipment performance evaluation index is determined. According to the topological structure and tuning requirements of the power grid, the installation location of the half-wavelength controllable equipment is determined; for example, in order to improve the voltage distribution of long-distance transmission lines, the half-wavelength capacitor is installed at the node with lower voltage in the middle or end of the transmission line; in order to adjust the reactive power balance of the substation bus, the half-wavelength inductor is installed on the bus side; in order to achieve power flow optimization between regional power grids, a half-wavelength transformer is installed at the grid connection node;

[0127] Consider the mutual influence and collaborative working effect between devices and configure the devices reasonably. For example, when installing half-wave transformers and half-wave capacitors at the same time in a substation, determine their relative positions and capacity matching according to their regulation characteristics and impact on the power grid to ensure that the two will not interfere with each other or offset the regulation effect when working together. Verify the rationality of the configuration through simulation analysis and field testing.

[0128] S33. On-site installation and commissioning: perform on-site installation of half-wavelength controllable equipment in accordance with the equipment installation manual and relevant standards and specifications; during the installation process, strictly control the installation accuracy, such as the installation level error of the transformer does not exceed ±0.1, the connection tightening torque of the capacitor and inductor terminals meets the manufacturer's regulations (the error does not exceed ±5%), ensure that the equipment is firmly installed, the wiring is correct, and the grounding is reliable (the grounding resistance is less than 4 ohms), etc.;

[0129] After the equipment is installed, debugging work is carried out; first, single equipment debugging is carried out to check whether the various functions of the equipment are normal, such as whether the adjustment range meets the technical parameters (the test error does not exceed ±2%), whether the communication interface communicates normally (the communication success rate reaches 100%), etc.; then the system joint debugging is carried out to simulate the actual tuning operation, observe the collaborative work between the equipment and the impact on the power grid performance, and make timely adjustments and optimizations to the problems found to ensure that the entire system can operate stably and meet the tuning requirements.

[0130] like Figure 5 As shown, the S4 includes:

[0131] S41. Hardware interface design and connection. Detailed analysis of the hardware interface requirements between the half-wavelength controllable device and other equipment in the existing power grid system (such as substation automation system, protection device, metering equipment, etc.); determination of the interface type (such as Ethernet interface, RS-485 interface, optical fiber interface, etc.), communication protocol (such as IEC 61850, Modbus, etc.) and electrical connection method (such as voltage level matching, error not exceeding ±5%; signal level matching, in compliance with interface standards);

[0132] Make hardware connections according to interface design requirements; during the connection process, ensure the accuracy and stability of signal transmission and avoid electromagnetic interference and other problems; for example, for communication lines using Ethernet interfaces, use shielded twisted pair cables (shielding layer grounding resistance is less than 1 ohm), and plan the wiring direction reasonably, away from strong electromagnetic interference sources (such as large motors, transformers, etc.), and the wiring length should not exceed 100 meters (if it exceeds, signal relay equipment should be added), and impedance matching should be performed on the communication lines (impedance matching error should not exceed ±10%) to ensure signal transmission quality;

[0133] S42. Communication network architecture construction. Select appropriate communication network architecture, such as star topology, ring topology or bus topology, etc., according to the scale, geographical distribution and reliability requirements of the power grid. For large urban power grids, adopt a hierarchical distributed communication network architecture, with the control center as the core node and each substation as a sub-node, connected through an optical fiber backbone network to form a star topology to ensure the reliability and real-time performance of communication. The backbone network communication rate shall not be less than 100Mbps, the branch network communication rate shall not be less than 10Mbps, and the network delay shall not exceed 10 milliseconds.

[0134] Configure network equipment, such as switches, routers, communication gateways, etc.; set the equipment's IP address (according to a unified IP address planning scheme to ensure address uniqueness), subnet mask, routing rules and other parameters to ensure that network equipment can communicate correctly and data can be accurately and quickly transmitted between half-wavelength controllable equipment and other equipment in the power grid system. Perform performance tests on network equipment, including throughput tests (reaching more than 95% of the equipment's nominal throughput) and packet loss rate tests (less than 0.1%), to ensure that the equipment meets communication requirements.

[0135] S43. Communication protocol configuration and testing: According to the selected communication protocol (such as IEC 61850), configure the protocol for both communicating parties (half-wavelength controllable equipment and monitoring equipment in the power grid system); define communication elements such as data object model (DO), data set (DataSet), report control block (RCB), etc. to ensure that both parties can understand and parse the data sent by the other party. Perform consistency check on the protocol configuration to ensure the accuracy and completeness of the configuration parameters;

[0136] Conduct communication protocol testing to check the accuracy, integrity and real-time performance of data transmission by sending test messages; for example, send tuning instructions from the monitoring device to the half-wavelength controllable device to check whether the device correctly receives and executes the instructions (the success rate of instruction execution reaches 100%); at the same time, send status information from the device to the monitoring device to verify whether the monitoring device can accurately parse and display the device status (the accuracy rate of status information parsing reaches 100%), and test that the data transmission time does not exceed 100 milliseconds;

[0137] S44. Implementation of network security protection measures. Considering the security of the power grid system, communication network security protection measures are implemented; firewalls are set up to prevent illegal external access, and only authorized IP addresses or devices are allowed to communicate with half-wavelength controllable devices. The firewall rules are set accurately and the protection success rate reaches 100%.

[0138] Encryption technology is used to encrypt the transmitted data to prevent the data from being stolen or tampered with during transmission; for example, the SSL / TLS protocol is used to encrypt the IEC 61850 communication data. The encryption algorithm strength meets the industry security standards, and the encryption key is updated regularly (the update cycle does not exceed 3 months) to ensure the security of tuning instructions and power grid operation data.

[0139] Regularly scan and update network security vulnerabilities to promptly discover and repair potential security risks and ensure the stable operation of the communication network. The frequency of vulnerability scanning should be no less than once a month, and vulnerabilities should be repaired in a timely manner after being discovered, and the repair time should not exceed 48 hours.

[0140] like Figure 6 As shown, the S5 includes:

[0141] S51. Tuning command control system development, based on the power grid monitoring platform or special control system software development tuning command control system; the system should have a friendly user interface, the operator can intuitively input tuning parameters (such as frequency, phase, amplitude, etc.) or select the preset tuning strategy through the interface, the accuracy of the input parameters to verify the accuracy of 100%. ;

[0142] Within the system, the generation, encoding and sending functions of tuning instructions are realized; according to the selected communication protocol (such as IEC61850), the tuning instructions are encapsulated into messages that comply with the protocol format and sent to the corresponding half-wavelength controllable devices through the communication network. The instruction encoding accuracy rate reaches 100%, and the instruction sending success rate reaches 100%;

[0143] Establish a priority mechanism and error handling mechanism for command sending; for example, when an emergency occurs in the power grid (such as a short circuit), emergency control commands are sent first (the response time for emergency commands does not exceed 1 second); when command sending fails, the system can automatically resend the command (the number of resends does not exceed 3 times, and the interval between each resend does not exceed 5 seconds) or issue an alarm message (the accuracy of the alarm message reaches 100%) to ensure that the tuning command can reach the equipment accurately;

[0144] S52. Real-time data acquisition and transmission. Data acquisition devices (such as data acquisition devices, merging units, etc.) are installed in the power grid to collect operation data related to tuning, including electrical quantity data such as voltage, current, power, frequency, etc. (measurement accuracy reaches ±0.5%), and status information of half-wavelength controllable devices (such as equipment temperature, adjustment position, etc., with measurement accuracy of ±1%); the sampling frequency of the data acquisition device is set according to the dynamic characteristics of the power grid. For example, for frequency regulation related data, the sampling frequency is not less than 1000Hz; for voltage, current and other data, the sampling frequency is not less than 100Hz;

[0145] The collected data is transmitted to the monitoring center in real time through the communication network; to ensure the real-time and accuracy of data transmission, a data verification and retransmission mechanism is used to prevent data loss or error; for example, data is collected once a second and transmitted to the monitoring center within 10 milliseconds, with a data transmission success rate of more than 99.9% and a data verification accuracy rate of 100%. If data error or loss is found, retransmission is performed immediately (retransmission time does not exceed 1 second);

[0146] S53. Grid performance evaluation and analysis: In the monitoring center, the received grid operation data is processed and analyzed using performance evaluation tools; various performance indicators such as power loss, voltage qualification rate, frequency deviation, etc. are calculated using the same performance evaluation formula as in S1, and the accuracy of the calculation results is within ±1%;

[0147] Compare the performance indicators after tuning with the data before tuning to evaluate the tuning effect; calculate the power loss reduction rate to determine whether the tuning has achieved the expected energy-saving effect (the error of the energy-saving effect evaluation does not exceed ±5%); observe whether the voltage qualification rate is improved (the error of the improvement amplitude evaluation does not exceed ±1%), whether the frequency deviation is within the allowable range, etc., to conduct a comprehensive and accurate evaluation of the tuning effect. The power loss reduction rate formula is expressed as:

[0148]

[0149] In the formula, ΔP loss Indicates reduced power loss; P loss,b It shows the total power loss in the power grid due to line resistance, transformer loss and other factors before the implementation of half-wavelength tuning measures; P loss,a The actual power loss in the grid after the half-wavelength tuning operation is completed;

[0150] S54. Feedback control and optimization adjustment: According to the performance evaluation results, if it is found that the power grid performance does not meet the expected target, such as the power loss is still high or the voltage stability is insufficient, the tuning parameters are adjusted through the tuning command control system, and the tuning command is sent to the half-wavelength controllable device again for optimization adjustment;

[0151] A feedback control loop is established so that the tuning process can be automatically adjusted according to the actual operation of the power grid; for example, when the grid load changes and causes the voltage to drop, the monitoring system automatically detects the voltage deviation and adjusts the parameters of the half-wavelength controllable device according to the preset control strategy to increase the voltage level and achieve dynamic optimization tuning.

[0152] The above description is a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the invention should be included in the protection scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A half-wavelength controllable tuning method under the background of dual-carbon and new power system, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. System assessment and demand analysis: Use data collection tools and performance evaluation software to analyze the topological structure information, equipment performance and load characteristics of the power grid; combine the dual carbon goals and the needs of the new power system, and clarify the specific goals of tuning through multi-criteria decision analysis; determine the key parameters of tuning based on the current situation analysis and goal setting to provide a basis for strategy design; S2. Half-wavelength tuning strategy design. Based on the evaluation results of S1, particle swarm optimization (PSO) is applied to find the optimal tuning frequency, phase and amplitude parameters. Based on the optimized parameters, a tuning strategy including the timing, duration and method of tuning is formulated. Use Simulink simulation software to simulate the effect of the tuning strategy to ensure the feasibility and effectiveness of the strategy. Feedback from simulation results is used to continuously iterate and optimize the tuning strategy until the expected tuning effect is achieved. S3. Selection and configuration of half-wavelength controllable equipment, evaluate the performance indicators of different equipment, select equipment that meets the requirements of the tuning strategy, configure the equipment according to the tuning strategy and equipment performance, determine the installation location, and perform on-site installation and commissioning; S4 system integration and communication network construction: integrate the half-wavelength controllable equipment selected in S3 with the existing power grid system to build a reliable communication network to ensure real-time transmission of tuning instructions and status information; S5. Tuning implementation and monitoring, develop a tuning command control system, automatically send tuning commands to each device through the tuning command control system, collect power grid operation data in real time, and evaluate the performance of the tuned power grid through performance evaluation tools to ensure stability and transmission efficiency.

2. According to claim 1, a half-wavelength controllable tuning method under the background of dual-carbon and new power system, characterized in that: The S1 described includes: S11. Data collection and organization: using smart meters and sensor network data collection tools, collect voltage, current, power and electrical quantity data of each node in the power grid, as well as the operating status information of the equipment, and the collection time span covers at least one complete power load cycle; obtain the topological structure information of the power grid from the power grid management system (GIS), the topological structure information includes line length, line impedance, transformer ratio, node connection relationship, and organize this information into a digital format for analysis; S12. Use power system analysis software to process the collected data; calculate various performance indicators of the power grid, including power loss, voltage qualification rate, and harmonic content; Analyze load characteristics, decompose the load into different components by clustering historical load data, and determine the peak and valley periods of load and the law of load change; S13. Integrate the dual carbon and new power system needs, analyze the impact of dual carbon goals on the power grid, combine local energy development plans and carbon emission targets, determine specific goals for increasing the proportion of renewable energy access, and analyze the requirements of measures to reduce carbon emissions on power grid operation; in view of the characteristics of high proportion of new energy access in the new power system, analyze the impact of intermittent and volatile new energy on power grid stability, and determine the frequency regulation capability that the tuned power grid should have; S14. Determine key parameters. According to the current situation analysis and goal setting, determine the key parameters related to half-wavelength tuning. The key parameters include determining the line parameters and equipment parameters that may affect the tuning effect based on the topology of the power grid and the performance of the equipment. According to the topological structure of the power grid and the performance of the equipment, the inductance and capacitance of the line and the short-circuit impedance parameters of the transformer are calculated. These parameters will serve as an important basis for half-wavelength tuning.

3. According to claim 1, a half-wavelength controllable tuning method under the background of dual-carbon and new power system is characterized in that: The S2 includes: S21. Initialize the optimization algorithm parameters. For the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, set the population size and the initial value of the inertia weight. The initial value of the inertia weight is set to 0.9, and the initial value of the inertia weight is updated according to the linear decreasing strategy. The update formula is: Among them, ω max is the inertia weight value at the initial iteration, ω min is the inertia weight value at the later stage of iteration, ω is the updated inertia weight value, k is the current iteration number, and K is the total iteration number; Determine the initial range of the position and velocity of each particle, and the tuning frequency, phase and amplitude corresponding to each dimension of the position vector; the initial frequency range is set to [49.5, 50.5] Hz according to the allowable fluctuation range of the power grid frequency and the tuning requirements, the initial phase range is [-15°, 15°], and the initial amplitude range is [-0.95, 1.05] times the rated value; the initial range of the velocity vector is set to [-0.05, 0.05] times the corresponding position range based on experience; S22.Definition and calculation of fitness function. The fitness function is defined to evaluate the quality of the tuning parameter combination represented by each particle, taking into account the power loss, voltage stability and frequency stability objectives. The formula is as follows: In the formula, ω1, ω2, ω3 are weight coefficients; For the tuning parameter combination Power loss under is the voltage amplitude of node j after tuning; V ref is the reference voltage amplitude; is the frequency of node j after tuning; f ref is the reference frequency; m is the total number of nodes monitoring voltage and frequency; For each particle in the population Substitute its tuning parameters into the power system simulation model (such as the power system model in Simulink) for simulation calculation to obtain the corresponding power grid performance indicators, thereby calculating the fitness value S23. Particle update and iterative optimization, according to the update formula of the PSO algorithm, update the speed and position of each particle: in, is the velocity vector of particle i at the k+1th iteration, is the velocity vector of particle i at the kth iteration, is the individual optimal position vector of particle i, is the global optimal position vector, r1 and r2 are random numbers between [0,1]; represents the position of particle i in the solution space at the kth iteration; represents the position of particle i in the solution space at the k+1th iteration; Check whether the particle position exceeds the preset tuning parameter range. If so, perform boundary processing, which includes limiting the particle position to the boundary or adopting a rebound strategy. Repeat the above until the preset number of iterations is reached or the convergence condition is met, such as the global optimal fitness value no longer improves; S24. Tuning strategy formulation.

4. According to claim 3, a half-wavelength controllable tuning method under the background of dual carbon and new power system is characterized in that: Tuning strategies include: Select the tuning parameters corresponding to the global optimal particle as the final tuning parameters; Determine the timing of tuning based on the operation rules and load characteristics of the power grid; perform tuning one hour before the daily load peak to adapt to high load demand in advance; or perform tuning 30 minutes before the forecast of large fluctuations in renewable energy power generation to enhance the adaptability of the power grid to changes in renewable energy; Determine the duration of tuning, which is set according to the dynamic response characteristics of the power grid and the maintenance time of the tuning effect; analyze the changing trend of the power grid performance under different tuning parameters through simulation. If it is found that the power grid performance under a certain set of parameters remains in a good state for a period of time after tuning, then set this time period as the duration; Select the tuning method, which includes centralized tuning or distributed tuning, and formulate the corresponding control logic; centralized tuning needs to ensure the reliability and real-time performance of communication, and distributed tuning needs to design a reasonable local control strategy to avoid conflicts between devices.

5. According to claim 1, a half-wavelength controllable tuning method under the background of dual-carbon and new power system is characterized in that: The S3 includes: S31. Determine the equipment performance evaluation indicators. According to the requirements of the tuning strategy, determine the key indicators for evaluating the performance of half-wavelength controllable equipment; for half-wavelength transformers, the key indicators include the ratio adjustment range, short-circuit impedance, and adjustment speed; for half-wavelength capacitors, the key indicators include the capacitance adjustment range, withstand voltage value, and loss tangent; for half-wavelength inductors, the key indicators include the inductance adjustment range, saturation current, and quality factor; S32. Equipment selection and technical parameter comparison, collect technical information of half-wavelength controllable equipment produced by different manufacturers on the market, including product manuals and performance test reports, to ensure the completeness and accuracy of the information; conduct detailed comparative analysis of different equipment for each key performance indicator; Based on the comparison results, select a list of equipment models whose performance meets the requirements of the tuning strategy, requiring that all key indicators of the equipment meet or exceed the set requirements and have the best overall performance; S33. Determine the equipment performance evaluation index, determine the installation location of the half-wavelength controllable equipment according to the topology and tuning requirements of the power grid, consider the mutual influence and collaborative working effect between the equipment, and reasonably configure the equipment; S33. On-site installation and commissioning: perform on-site installation of half-wavelength controllable equipment in accordance with the equipment installation manual and relevant standards and specifications; during the installation process, strictly control the installation accuracy; After the equipment is installed, debugging work is carried out; first, single equipment debugging is carried out to check whether the various functions of the equipment are normal; then system joint debugging is carried out to simulate actual tuning operations, observe the collaborative work between equipment and the impact on grid performance, and make timely adjustments and optimizations to any problems found to ensure that the entire system can operate stably and meet the tuning requirements.

6. According to claim 1, a half-wavelength controllable tuning method under the background of dual-carbon and new power system is characterized in that: The S4 includes: S41. Hardware interface design and connection: Detailed analysis of the hardware interface requirements between the half-wavelength controllable device and other devices in the existing power grid system; determination of the interface type, communication protocol and electrical connection method; Make hardware connections according to interface design requirements; during the connection process, ensure the accuracy and stability of signal transmission and avoid electromagnetic interference problems; S42. Build the communication network architecture and select the appropriate communication network architecture. For large urban power grids, adopt a hierarchical and distributed communication network architecture, with the control center as the core node and each substation as a sub-node, connected through an optical fiber backbone network to form a star topology to ensure the reliability and real-time performance of communication. The backbone network communication rate shall not be less than 100Mbps, the branch network communication rate shall not be less than 10Mbps, and the network delay shall not exceed 10 milliseconds. Configure network equipment, such as switches, routers, and communication gateways; set the IP address, subnet mask, and routing rule parameters of the equipment to ensure that network equipment can communicate correctly and that data can be accurately and quickly transmitted between half-wavelength controllable equipment and other equipment in the power grid system; perform performance tests on network equipment, including throughput tests and packet loss rate tests, to ensure that the equipment meets communication requirements; S43. Communication protocol configuration and testing: According to the selected communication protocol, configure the protocol for both parties; define the data object model (DO), data set (DataSet), and report control block (RCB) communication elements to ensure that both parties can understand and parse the data sent by the other party; perform consistency checks on the protocol configuration to ensure the accuracy and completeness of the configuration parameters; S44. Implementation of network security protection measures. Considering the security of the power grid system, communication network security protection measures are implemented; firewalls are set up to prevent illegal external access, and only authorized IP addresses or devices are allowed to communicate with half-wavelength controllable devices. The firewall rules are set accurately and the protection success rate reaches 100%; Use encryption technology to encrypt the transmitted data to prevent the data from being stolen or tampered with during transmission; Regularly scan and update network security vulnerabilities to promptly discover and repair potential security risks and ensure the stable operation of the communication network.

7. According to claim 1, a half-wavelength controllable tuning method under the background of dual-carbon and new power system is characterized in that: The S5 includes: S51. Tuning command control system development, based on the power grid monitoring platform or special control system software development tuning command control system; the system should have a friendly user interface, the operator can intuitively input tuning parameters or select preset tuning strategies through the interface, the accuracy of the input parameters to verify the accuracy of 100%; Within the system, the generation, encoding and sending functions of tuning instructions are realized; according to the selected communication protocol, the tuning instructions are encapsulated into messages that conform to the protocol format and sent to the corresponding half-wavelength controllable devices through the communication network. The instruction encoding accuracy rate reaches 100%, and the instruction sending success rate reaches 100%; Establish a priority mechanism and error handling mechanism for command sending. When an emergency occurs in the power grid, emergency control commands are sent first. When command sending fails, the system can automatically resend the command or issue an alarm message to ensure that the tuning command can reach the equipment accurately. S52. Real-time data collection and transmission. Data collection devices are installed in the power grid to collect operation data related to tuning, including voltage, current, power, frequency electrical quantity data, and status information of half-wavelength controllable devices. The sampling frequency of the data collection device is set according to the dynamic characteristics of the power grid. For example, for frequency regulation related data, the sampling frequency is not less than 1000Hz; for voltage and current data, the sampling frequency is not less than 100Hz. The collected data is transmitted to the monitoring center in real time through the communication network; to ensure the real-time and accuracy of data transmission, a data check and retransmission mechanism is used to prevent data loss or error; S53. Grid performance evaluation and analysis: In the monitoring center, the received grid operation data is processed and analyzed using performance evaluation tools; various performance indicators are calculated, including power loss, voltage qualification rate, and frequency deviation. The formula is the same as the performance evaluation formula in S1, and the accuracy of the calculation result is within ±1%; Compare the performance indicators after tuning with the data before tuning to evaluate the tuning effect; calculate the power loss reduction rate to determine whether the tuning has achieved the expected energy-saving effect; observe whether the voltage qualification rate has improved and whether the frequency deviation is within the allowable range, and conduct a comprehensive and accurate evaluation of the tuning effect. The power loss reduction rate formula is expressed as: In the formula, ΔP loss Indicates reduced power loss; P loss,b It shows the total power loss in the power grid due to line resistance and transformer loss before the half-wavelength tuning measures are implemented; P loss,a The actual power loss in the grid after the half-wavelength tuning operation is completed; S54. Feedback control and optimization adjustment: According to the performance evaluation results, if it is found that the power grid performance does not meet the expected target, such as the power loss is still high or the voltage stability is insufficient, the tuning parameters are adjusted through the tuning command control system, and the tuning command is sent to the half-wavelength controllable device again for optimization adjustment; A feedback control loop is established so that the tuning process can be automatically adjusted according to the actual operation of the power grid; for example, when the grid load changes and causes the voltage to drop, the monitoring system automatically detects the voltage deviation and adjusts the parameters of the half-wavelength controllable device according to the preset control strategy to increase the voltage level and achieve dynamic optimization tuning.

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