Composite water-soluble fertilizer for fruit tree growth stress resistance and preparation process thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural fertilizers, and discloses a composite water-soluble fertilizer for fruit tree growth stress resistance, which comprises the following components by weight: 5-20% of a nitrogen source; 3%-15% of a phosphorus source; 10%-35% of a potassium source; 1%-6% of medium elements; 0.01%-1% of trace elements; 10-10 CFU / g of a microbial agent; 1%-5% of a seaweed extract; 0.5%-3% of an amino acid compound; 5%-10% of humic acid; the nitrogen source is a combination of ammonium nitrate and coated urea, the proportion of the coated urea is 30-70% of the total amount of the nitrogen source, and the phosphorus source is a combination of diammonium phosphate and monocalcium phosphate. Through the synergistic effect of the microbial agent, the seaweed extract, the amino acid compound and the humic acid, the endurance capacity of fruit trees to adverse environmental conditions such as drought, salt and alkali, diseases and insect pests and the like is remarkably improved, the soil ecology is improved, the root growth is promoted, and the immunoreaction of the fruit trees is enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural fertilizers, in particular to a composite water-soluble fertilizer for fruit tree growth resistance and a preparation process thereof. Background Art

[0002] As an important type of fertilizer in modern agriculture, compound water-soluble fertilizer technology has made great progress. Compound water-soluble fertilizer combines multiple nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium through a water-soluble formula, which is convenient for direct application to crops through modern irrigation technologies such as drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation. It has the advantages of high efficiency, water saving, and labor saving. With the continuous development of technology, the formula design of compound water-soluble fertilizer is more scientific, and medium elements (such as calcium, magnesium, and sulfur) and trace elements (such as iron, zinc, boron, and molybdenum) are usually added to meet the comprehensive nutritional needs of crops.

[0003] Although compound water-soluble fertilizers have many advantages, there are still some problems and shortcomings in the existing technology: Nutrient loss problem: Even for compound water-soluble fertilizers, some nutrients are still easily lost with water due to their strong water solubility, especially in areas with heavy rainfall, which may result in the nutrients not being fully absorbed by crops.

[0004] Short duration of fertilizer effect: Although ordinary compound water-soluble fertilizers are absorbed quickly, they last for a short time and require frequent fertilization. Although coated controlled release technology can prolong the fertilizer effect, its high cost limits its widespread application in some cash crops or ordinary field crops.

[0005] Lack of soil improvement function: Traditional compound water-soluble fertilizers mainly provide chemical nutrients needed by crops, but their effect on improving soil structure and enhancing soil health is relatively limited. Long-term application will lead to a decrease in soil organic matter, weakened microbial activity, and even cause problems such as soil compaction.

[0006] To this end, those skilled in the art provide a composite water-soluble fertilizer for fruit tree growth resistance and a preparation process thereof to solve the problems raised in the above background technology. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a composite water-soluble fertilizer for fruit tree growth resistance and a preparation process thereof, which solves the problems of nutrient loss, short fertilizer effect duration and lack of soil improvement function in the existing water-soluble fertilizers.

[0008] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention is implemented by the following technical scheme: a composite water-soluble fertilizer for fruit tree growth resistance includes the following components by weight percentage: Nitrogen source 5%-20%; Phosphorus source 3%-15%; Potassium source 10%-35%; Medium amount of elements 1%-6%; Trace elements 0.01%-1%; Microbial Agent 10 5 -10 9 CFU / g; Seaweed extract 1%-5%; Amino acid complex 0.5%-3%; Humic acid 5%-10%.

[0009] Preferably, the nitrogen source is a combination of ammonium nitrate and coated urea, wherein the proportion of coated urea is 30%-70% of the total nitrogen source; the phosphorus source is a combination of diammonium phosphate and monocalcium phosphate, wherein the weight ratio of diammonium phosphate to monocalcium phosphate is 1:1-3:1; the potassium source includes but is not limited to one or more of potassium sulfate and potassium chloride.

[0010] Preferably, the intermediate elements include the following components by weight percentage: Calcium 1%-5%; Magnesium 0.5%-3%; Sulfur 0.5%-4%.

[0011] Preferably, the microbial agent comprises: Nitrogen-fixing bacteria, the effective bacterial count is 10 6 -10 8 CFU / g; Phosphate-dissolving bacteria, the effective bacterial count is 10 6 -10 9 CFU / g; Potassium-soluble bacteria, the effective bacterial count is 10 6 -10 9 CFU / g; Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, with a spore concentration of 500-2000 spores / g; Actinomycetes, the effective bacterial count is 10 6 -10 9 CFU / g.

[0012] A preparation process of a composite water-soluble fertilizer for fruit tree growth resistance, comprising the following steps: S1. Dissolve the nitrogen source, phosphorus source, potassium source, calcium source, magnesium source and sulfur source in deionized water in proportion and stir until completely dissolved; S2. Add trace element solution, stir evenly, and adjust the pH of the solution to 5.5-6.5; S3, add controlled-release urea granules and phosphorus controlled-release agent, stir at low speed to ensure uniform distribution; S4, after the microbial agent is double-coated, the above solution is added in proportion and stirring is continued at low temperature; S5. Finally, add the functional additives and continue stirring until the solution is completely uniform.

[0013] Preferably, the double-layer coating step of the microbial agent comprises: S41, dropping the microbial agent suspension into the polylactic acid solution to form microcapsules, and standing to solidify for 30 minutes; S42, placing the microcapsules in a composite solution of sodium alginate and chitosan for secondary coating; S43. Dry the coated microbial particles and store them at 4°C.

[0014] Preferably, in the step S3, the controlled-release urea particles are formed by polyurethane coating, the coating thickness is 0.5-2 mm, and the controlled-release time is 30-90 days.

[0015] Preferably, the stirring in step S1 is performed at a speed of 300-500 rpm, the stirring time is 15-30 minutes, and the dissolving temperature is controlled at 20-30°C.

[0016] Preferably, the stirring speed of the trace element solution in step S2 is 200-300 rpm, the stirring time is 10-15 minutes, and the solution temperature is 20-25°C.

[0017] The present invention provides a composite water-soluble fertilizer for fruit tree growth resistance and a preparation process thereof. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. The composite water-soluble fertilizer of the present invention significantly improves the tolerance of fruit trees to adverse environmental conditions such as drought, salinity, pests and diseases through the synergistic effect of microbial agents, seaweed extracts, amino acid complexes and humic acid. In particular, the microbial agents protected by double-layer coating technology can effectively improve soil ecology, promote root growth, and enhance the immune response of fruit trees.

[0018] 2. By introducing coated urea and phosphorus controlled-release agent, the present invention realizes the slow release and controlled release of key nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus, reduces the loss of fertilizer, and prolongs the fertilizer effect cycle, thereby significantly improving the utilization rate of nutrients, reducing the number of fertilization times, and improving the economy and environmental protection of fertilizers.

[0019] 3. The humic acid and microbial agent of the present invention help to enhance the soil aggregate structure, improve the water retention and air permeability of the soil, promote the decomposition and transformation of organic matter, thereby improving soil health. Long-term use can effectively improve the soil structure and increase crop yield and fruit quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the preparation process steps of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Please refer to the attached Figure 1 The present invention provides a composite water-soluble fertilizer for fruit tree growth resistance, which includes the following components by weight percentage: Nitrogen source 5%-20%; Phosphorus source 3%-15%; Potassium source 10%-35%; The nitrogen source is a combination of ammonium nitrate and coated urea, wherein the proportion of coated urea is 30%-70% of the total nitrogen source; the phosphorus source is a combination of diammonium phosphate and monocalcium phosphate, wherein the weight ratio of diammonium phosphate to monocalcium phosphate is 1:1-3:1; the potassium source includes but is not limited to one or more of potassium sulfate and potassium chloride.

[0023] Medium elements 1%-6%; including the following components: Calcium 1%-5%; Magnesium 0.5%-3%; Sulfur 0.5%-4%.

[0024] Trace elements 0.01%-1%; Microbial Agent 10 5 -10 9 CFU / g; including: nitrogen-fixing bacteria, the effective bacterial count is 10 6 -10 8 CFU / g; Phosphate-dissolving bacteria, the effective bacterial count is 10 6 -10 9 CFU / g; Potassium-soluble bacteria, the effective bacterial count is 10 6 -10 9 CFU / g; Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, with a spore concentration of 500-2000 spores / g; Actinomycetes, the effective bacterial count is 10 6 -10 9 CFU / g.

[0025] Seaweed extract 1%-5%; Amino acid complex 0.5%-3%; Humic acid 5%-10%.

[0026] Specifically, the nitrogen source is 5%-20%; the phosphorus source is 3%-15%; and the potassium source is 10%-35%. The nitrogen source is a combination of ammonium nitrate and coated urea, wherein the proportion of coated urea accounts for 30%-70% of the total nitrogen source, so as to achieve slow release of nitrogen, prolong fertilizer effect, and reduce losses. The phosphorus source is a combination of diammonium phosphate and monocalcium phosphate, and the weight ratio of the two is 1:1 to 3:1, ensuring efficient supply of phosphorus under different soil conditions. Potassium sources include but are not limited to one or more of potassium sulfate and potassium chloride, which effectively improve the stress resistance of fruit trees, especially provide sufficient potassium nutrition in low temperature and drought environments. The content of medium elements is 1%-6%, including 1%-5% calcium, 0.5%-3% magnesium, and 0.5%-4% sulfur. These elements help to enhance the cell structure and photosynthesis of fruit trees and promote root development. The content of trace elements is 0.01%-1%, which is mainly used to maintain the normal metabolism and growth of fruit trees. Microbial agent 10 5 -10 9 CFU / g, among which nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-dissolving bacteria, potassium-dissolving bacteria, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and actinomycetes can effectively improve the nutrient utilization efficiency in the soil and improve the soil ecosystem. 1%-5% seaweed extract, 0.5%-3% amino acid complex and 5%-10% humic acid jointly promote the stress resistance of plants, enhance their ability to resist adverse environments, and further optimize the nutrient absorption effect.

[0027] A process for preparing a composite water-soluble fertilizer for fruit tree growth resistance includes the following steps: S1. Dissolve the nitrogen source, phosphorus source, potassium source, calcium source, magnesium source and sulfur source in deionized water in proportion and stir until completely dissolved. The stirring speed in step S1 is 300-500 rpm, and the stirring time is controlled at 15-30 minutes to ensure that the solution is evenly dissolved. The dissolution temperature is controlled in the range of 20-30°C to ensure the dissolution rate and stability.

[0028] S2. After adding the trace element solution, stir at a speed of 200-300 rpm for 10-15 minutes, maintain the solution temperature at 20-25°C, and adjust the solution pH to 5.5-6.5 to ensure effective utilization and uniform dispersion of each element.

[0029] S3. Add controlled-release urea granules and phosphorus controlled-release agent, continue stirring at low speed to ensure uniform distribution. The controlled-release urea granules are formed by polyurethane coating technology, and the coating thickness is controlled between 0.5-2mm to ensure the controlled-release effect. The controlled-release time is 30-90 days to ensure the continuous release of nutrients.

[0030] S4. Double-coat the microbial agent. First, drop the microbial agent suspension into the polylactic acid solution to form microcapsules, and let it stand for 30 minutes to solidify. Then, place the microcapsules into a composite solution of sodium alginate and chitosan for secondary coating to increase particle stability and protect microbial activity. After completion, dry the coated microbial particles and store them in an environment of 4°C to ensure the activity and stability of the agent.

[0031] S5. Finally, add functional additives such as seaweed extract, amino acid complex, humic acid, etc., and continue stirring until the solution is uniform to ensure the uniformity of the entire fertilizer and the full play of the functional ingredients, and finally obtain a composite water-soluble fertilizer with anti-stress effect.

[0032] Embodiment 1: step: S1: Weigh 15% ammonium nitrate, 12% diammonium phosphate, 25% potassium sulfate, 3% calcium nitrate, 1% magnesium sulfate and 1% ammonium sulfate, dissolve them in deionized water in proportion, stir at 300 rpm for 20 minutes, and control the temperature at 25°C until completely dissolved.

[0033] S2: Add 0.5% chelated iron, 0.05% boric acid, and 0.02% sodium molybdate, stir for 10 minutes, maintain at 25°C, and adjust the pH to 6.0.

[0034] S3: Add 15% polyurethane coated urea granules (controlled release time 90 days) and 10% phosphorus controlled release agent, stir at low speed (200 rpm) for 15 minutes to ensure uniform distribution.

[0035] S4: The microbial inoculants made of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-dissolving bacteria, potassium-dissolving bacteria, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, and actinomycetes were double-coated (inner layer of polylactic acid, outer layer of sodium alginate / chitosan) and then heated to 10 7 The concentration of CFU / g was added to the solution and stirred at low temperature (20°C) for 10 minutes.

[0036] S5: Finally, add 3% seaweed extract, 1% amino acid complex, and 7% humic acid, and continue stirring for 20 minutes until the solution is completely uniform.

[0037] Summarize: This embodiment is suitable for arid and saline-alkali areas, and improves the nutrient absorption and stress resistance of fruit trees under adverse conditions through a variety of controlled-release and slow-release ingredients and functional additives, thereby ensuring the long-term effectiveness of nutrients.

[0038] Example 2 step: S1: Weigh 10% coated urea, 10% monocalcium phosphate, 30% potassium sulfate, 2% calcium nitrate, 1% magnesium sulfate, and 1% ammonium sulfate and dissolve them in deionized water. Stir at 350 rpm for 25 minutes and control the temperature at 30°C until completely dissolved.

[0039] S2: Add 0.8% chelated zinc, 0.07% manganese, and 0.02% sodium molybdate, stir for 12 minutes, maintain 25°C, and adjust the pH to 6.5.

[0040] S3: Add 10% polyurethane coated urea (controlled release time 60 days) and 8% phosphorus controlled release agent, stir at low speed (250rpm) for 20 minutes to ensure uniform distribution of particles.

[0041] S4: nitrogen-fixing bacteria (10 6 CFU / g), phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (10 8 CFU / g), potassium-soluble bacteria, actinomycetes, and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi were made into double-coated microbial inoculants, added into the solution in proportion, and stirred at low temperature (18°C) for 15 minutes.

[0042] S5: Finally, add 5% seaweed extract, 1.5% amino acid complex, and 5% humic acid, and continue stirring for 30 minutes until the solution is uniform.

[0043] Summarize: This embodiment focuses on improving nutrient utilization efficiency, and is particularly suitable for fruit trees in neutral or weakly alkaline soils. Through the synergistic effect of controlled-release ingredients and microbial agents, stress resistance and soil improvement effects are improved.

[0044] Example 3 step: S1: Weigh 20% coated urea, 8% diammonium phosphate, 15% potassium sulfate, 2% calcium nitrate, and 1% magnesium sulfate and dissolve them in deionized water. Stir at 400 rpm for 15 minutes and control the temperature at 25°C.

[0045] S2: Add 0.3% chelated iron, 0.2% manganese, and 0.02% sodium molybdate, stir for 10 minutes, maintain 25°C, and adjust the pH to 5.8.

[0046] S3: Add 20% of controlled-release urea granules (controlled-release time 90 days) and 10% of phosphorus controlled-release agent, and stir at low speed (150 rpm) for 10 minutes.

[0047] S4: nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, potassium-solubilizing bacteria, actinomycetes and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (10 7 CFU / g) were double-coated and added to the solution, stirred for 10 minutes, and the temperature was controlled at 20°C.

[0048] S5: Add 2.5% seaweed extract, 0.8% amino acid complex, and 6% humic acid, and continue stirring for 25 minutes until the solution is uniform.

[0049] Summarize: This embodiment focuses on improving the slow-release effect of basic nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, which is suitable for the rapid growth stage of fruit trees. At the same time, the introduction of microbial agents enhances soil health and root growth.

[0050] Example 4 step: S1: Weigh 12% ammonium nitrate, 10% monocalcium phosphate, 20% potassium sulfate, 3% calcium nitrate, and 2% magnesium sulfate and dissolve them in deionized water. Stir at 350 rpm for 30 minutes and control the temperature at 28°C.

[0051] S2: Add 0.5% chelated iron, 0.1% zinc, and 0.02% sodium molybdate, stir for 12 minutes, and adjust the pH to 6.2.

[0052] S3: Add 12% controlled-release urea (controlled-release time 60 days) and 8% phosphorus controlled-release agent, and stir at low speed (200 rpm) for 15 minutes.

[0053] S4: nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, potassium-solubilizing bacteria, actinomycetes and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (10 7 CFU / g) were double-coated and then added to the solution and stirred at low temperature (18°C) for 10 minutes.

[0054] S5: Add 1.5% seaweed extract, 0.7% amino acid complex, and 8% humic acid, and continue stirring for 20 minutes until uniform.

[0055] Summarize: This embodiment pays special attention to enhancing the expansion and disease resistance of the root system of fruit trees under the synergistic effect of nutrient supply and microbial stress resistance, and is suitable for fruit trees under a variety of adverse conditions.

[0056] Example 5 step: S1: Weigh 18% ammonium nitrate, 15% diammonium phosphate, 22% potassium sulfate, 3% calcium nitrate, and 1% magnesium sulfate and dissolve them in deionized water. Stir at 400 rpm for 20 minutes and control the temperature at 27°C.

[0057] S2: Add 0.7% chelated iron, 0.05% boric acid, and 0.02% sodium molybdate, stir for 10 minutes, maintain the solution temperature at 25°C, and adjust the pH to 6.0.

[0058] S3: Add 15% of controlled-release urea granules (controlled-release time 90 days) and 10% of phosphorus controlled-release agent, and stir at low speed (150 rpm) for 15 minutes.

[0059] S4: A double-layer coated bacterial agent is made of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-dissolving bacteria, potassium-dissolving bacteria, actinomycetes and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, added into the solution in proportion, and stirred at low temperature (20°C) for 10 minutes.

[0060] S5: Add 2% seaweed extract, 1% amino acid complex, and 5% humic acid, and continue stirring for 30 minutes.

[0061] Summarize: This embodiment not only focuses on the control of basic nutrients, but also further enhances the resistance of the composite water-soluble fertilizer to adversity, especially has a good effect on the treatment of diseases and soil salinity problems.

[0062] Summary Basic nutrients: In various embodiments, the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ranges from 10% to 30%. Through different combinations of controlled-release urea and phosphorus controlled-release agents, the nutrient supply mode is optimized for different soils and environments.

[0063] Microbial agents: Through double-layer coating technology, the activity of each bacterial agent is well protected, which effectively improves the colonization effect in the root zone of fruit trees and enhances soil health.

[0064] Functional additives: Seaweed extract, amino acid complex and humic acid play positive roles in fruit trees' stress resistance, root growth and soil improvement respectively.

[0065] Controlled release effect: Through the application of different controlled release materials, the sustained release capacity of nutrients is optimized, which effectively avoids the rapid loss of fertilizers and improves the utilization efficiency of nutrients.

[0066] Test experiments and data analysis Purpose: The effects of applying different composite water-soluble fertilizers were compared, with a focus on evaluating the stress resistance of fruit trees, nutrient absorption efficiency, soil health and fruit yield.

[0067] Experimental design: Experimental location: apple orchard in a drought-prone area.

[0068] Experimental subjects: Apple trees aged 3-5 years.

[0069] Experimental Group: Experimental Group 1: the composite water-soluble fertilizer of Example 1.

[0070] Experimental Group 2: the composite water-soluble fertilizer of Example 2.

[0071] Experimental Group 3: the composite water-soluble fertilizer of Example 3.

[0072] Control group 1: ordinary fertilizer (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer).

[0073] Control group 2: single microbial agent.

[0074] Experimental data table: Experimental Group Growth rate (%) Stress resistance score (1-10) Fruit yield (kg / plant) Soil organic matter (%) Soil moisture content (%) Experimental Group 1 22 8.5 24 3.5 18 Experimental Group 2 25 9.0 26 3.8 19 Experimental Group 3 20 8.0 22 3.2 17 Control group 1 15 6.5 18 2.1 12 Control group 2 17 7.0 20 2.5 13 Experimental summary: The fruit yield and soil improvement effect of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group, especially in terms of stress resistance and nutrient utilization efficiency. The compound water-soluble fertilizer showed obvious advantages through the synergistic effect of controlled release and microbial agents.

[0075] In order to fully verify the applicability of the composite water-soluble fertilizer for fruit tree growth and stress resistance of the present invention, experiments were carried out on different fruit tree varieties and different soil types, focusing on evaluating its performance in fruit tree growth, stress resistance, soil improvement effect and fruit yield. The following experiments involve a variety of fruit trees and different soil conditions, demonstrating the wide application effect of the water-soluble fertilizer.

[0076] Experiment Overview Purpose: The application effects of the composite water-soluble fertilizer of the present invention on different fruit trees (apple, pear, citrus, grape) and different soil conditions (sandy soil, loam, saline-alkali soil, red soil) were evaluated, with a focus on its effects on the growth promotion, stress resistance improvement, soil improvement and fruit yield of fruit trees.

[0077] Experimental Group: Experimental group 1: the composite water-soluble fertilizer of Example 1 was used.

[0078] Experimental Group 2: The composite water-soluble fertilizer of Example 2 was used.

[0079] Experimental Group 3: The composite water-soluble fertilizer of Example 3 was used.

[0080] Control group 1: ordinary fertilizer (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer).

[0081] Control group 2: single microbial fertilizer.

[0082] Experimental location: The trials were conducted in orchards in different climate and soil types, mainly in the following areas: Region 1: Sandy soil (located in the northern arid region, apple orchards) Region 2: Loam (temperate regions, pear orchards) Region 3: Saline-alkali soil (coastal saline-alkali areas, citrus orchards) Region 4: Red soil (southern hot and humid area, vineyards) Subjects: Fruit trees: apple trees, pear trees, citrus trees, grape vines, all 3-5 years old.

[0083] Experimental indicators: Fruit tree growth rate (measured by annual branch growth length, unit: cm).

[0084] Stress resistance score (1-10 points, based on the tolerance to drought, salinity, diseases and insect pests, the higher the score, the stronger the stress resistance).

[0085] Fruit yield (unit: kg / plant).

[0086] Soil improvement (changes in soil organic matter content and soil moisture content, unit: %).

[0087] Nutrient utilization efficiency (through analysis of nutrient content in leaves and roots, unit: %).

[0088] Experimental data statistics table Table 1: Test results of different fruit trees in sandy soil conditions Fruit tree varieties Experimental Group Growth rate (cm) Stress resistance score (1-10) Fruit yield (kg / plant) Soil organic matter (%) Soil moisture (%) Nutrient utilization rate (%) apple Experimental Group 1 32 8.5 24 3.2 15 80 apple Experimental Group 2 35 9.0 26 3.5 16 83 apple Experimental Group 3 30 8.0 22 3.1 14 78 apple Control group 1 20 6.5 18 2.2 12 65 apple Control group 2 22 7.0 20 2.4 13 70 Table 2: Test results of different fruit trees under loam conditions Fruit tree varieties Experimental Group Growth rate (cm) Stress resistance score (1-10) Fruit yield (kg / plant) Soil organic matter (%) Soil moisture (%) Nutrient utilization rate (%) Pear Tree Experimental Group 1 45 9.0 35 4.5 18 85 Pear Tree Experimental Group 2 48 9.5 38 4.8 19 88 Pear Tree Experimental Group 3 42 8.8 33 4.3 17 83 Pear Tree Control group 1 32 7.0 28 3.0 14 70 Pear Tree Control group 2 34 7.5 30 3.2 15 72 Table 3: Test results of different fruit trees under saline-alkali soil conditions Fruit tree varieties Experimental Group Growth rate (cm) Stress resistance score (1-10) Fruit yield (kg / plant) Soil organic matter (%) Soil moisture (%) Nutrient utilization rate (%) Tangerine Experimental Group 1 20 8.0 18 2.8 14 78 Tangerine Experimental Group 2 22 8.5 20 3.0 15 80 Tangerine Experimental Group 3 18 7.5 17 2.7 13 75 Tangerine Control group 1 15 6.0 14 2.0 10 65 Tangerine Control group 2 16 6.5 15 2.1 11 68 Table 4: Test results of different fruit trees under red soil conditions Fruit tree varieties Experimental Group Growth rate (cm) Stress resistance score (1-10) Fruit yield (kg / plant) Soil organic matter (%) Soil moisture (%) Nutrient utilization rate (%) Grape Experimental Group 1 28 8.5 22 3.8 16 82 Grape Experimental Group 2 30 9.0 24 4.0 17 85 Grape Experimental Group 3 25 8.0 20 3.5 15 80 Grape Control group 1 18 6.5 16 2.5 12 68 Grape Control group 2 19 7.0 18 2.8 13 70 Experimental results analysis Fruit tree growth rate: The growth rate of fruit trees in the experimental group under various soil conditions was significantly higher than that in the control group. The compound water-soluble fertilizer in experimental group 2 had the most significant effect. The growth rates of pear trees and grapes in loam and red soil reached 48 cm and 30 cm, respectively, which were much higher than 32 cm and 18 cm in the control group.

[0089] Stress resistance score: Under saline-alkali soil and sandy soil conditions, the stress resistance scores of the fruit trees in the experimental group were significantly improved, especially the citrus and apples in experimental group 2, whose stress resistance scores were 8.5 and 9.0 in saline-alkali soil and sandy soil, respectively, which were higher than 6.5 and 7.0 in the control group.

[0090] Fruit yield: The fruit yield of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group. The experimental group 2 performed outstandingly in the yield of pear trees and citrus, reaching 38 kg / plant and 20 kg / plant, respectively, which was about 35% higher than the control group's 28 kg / plant and 14 kg / plant.

[0091] Soil improvement effect: The soil organic matter content and moisture content of the experimental group were significantly improved, especially under red soil and loam conditions, the soil organic matter content increased to 4.0% and 4.8% respectively, which helped to optimize the soil structure and retain moisture.

[0092] Nutrient utilization rate: The nutrient utilization rate of the experimental group increased by about 20% on average. The utilization rate of grapes in experimental group 2 reached 85%, which was significantly higher than 68% in the control group.

[0093] Summarize Adaptability to different soil types and fruit tree varieties: The composite water-soluble fertilizer of the present invention has good adaptability in different soils and fruit tree varieties, especially in arid, saline-alkali and barren soils, which greatly improves the stress resistance and yield of fruit trees.

[0094] Soil improvement and nutrient utilization efficiency: By introducing functional microbial agents and controlled-release ingredients, compound water-soluble fertilizers not only improve the nutrient supply of fruit trees, but also increase the organic matter content and water retention capacity of the soil, significantly improving nutrient utilization efficiency.

[0095] Wide application potential: This water-soluble fertilizer can be adjusted according to different soil conditions and fruit tree varieties. It is suitable for a variety of fruit tree types and has broad application prospects in the nutritional management and stress resistance improvement of modern orchards.

[0096] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A composite water-soluble fertilizer for fruit tree growth resistance, characterized in that: The following components are included by weight percentage: Nitrogen source 5%-20%; Phosphorus source 3%-15%; Potassium source 10%-35%; Medium amount of elements 1%-6%; Trace elements 0.01%-1%; Microbial Agent 10 5 -10 9 CFU / g; Seaweed extract 1%-5%; Amino acid complex 0.5%-3%; Humic acid 5%-10%.

2. The composite water-soluble fertilizer for fruit tree growth resistance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nitrogen source is a combination of ammonium nitrate and coated urea, wherein the proportion of coated urea is 30%-70% of the total nitrogen source; the phosphorus source is a combination of diammonium phosphate and monocalcium phosphate, wherein the weight ratio of diammonium phosphate to monocalcium phosphate is 1:1-3:1; the potassium source includes but is not limited to one or more of potassium sulfate and potassium chloride.

3. The composite water-soluble fertilizer for fruit tree growth resistance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intermediate elements include the following components by weight percentage: Calcium 1%-5%; Magnesium 0.5%-3%; Sulfur 0.5%-4%.

4. The composite water-soluble fertilizer for fruit tree growth resistance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microbial agent comprises: Nitrogen-fixing bacteria, the effective bacterial count is 10 6 -10 8 CFU / g; Phosphate-dissolving bacteria, the effective bacterial count is 10 6 -10 9 CFU / g; Potassium-soluble bacteria, the effective bacterial count is 10 6 -10 9 CFU / g; Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, with a spore concentration of 500-2000 spores / g; Actinomycetes, the effective bacterial count is 10 6 -10 9 CFU / g.

5. A process for preparing a composite water-soluble fertilizer for fruit tree growth resistance, used for the composite water-soluble fertilizer for fruit tree growth resistance according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Dissolve the nitrogen source, phosphorus source, potassium source, calcium source, magnesium source and sulfur source in deionized water in proportion and stir until completely dissolved; S2. Add trace element solution, stir evenly, and adjust the pH of the solution to 5.5-6.5; S3, add controlled-release urea granules and phosphorus controlled-release agent, stir at low speed to ensure uniform distribution; S4, after the microbial agent is double-coated, the above solution is added in proportion and stirring is continued at low temperature; S5. Finally, add the functional additives and continue stirring until the solution is completely uniform.

6. A process for preparing a composite water-soluble fertilizer for fruit tree growth resistance according to claim 5, characterized in that: The double-layer coating step of the microbial agent comprises: S41, dropping the microbial agent suspension into the polylactic acid solution to form microcapsules, and standing to solidify for 30 minutes; S42, placing the microcapsules in a composite solution of sodium alginate and chitosan for secondary coating; S43. Dry the coated microbial particles and store them at 4°C.

7. The process for preparing a composite water-soluble fertilizer for fruit tree growth resistance according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the step S3, the controlled-release urea particles are formed by polyurethane coating, the coating thickness is 0.5-2 mm, and the controlled-release time is 30-90 days.

8. The process for preparing a composite water-soluble fertilizer for fruit tree growth resistance according to claim 5, characterized in that: The stirring in step S1 is carried out at a speed of 300-500 rpm, the stirring time is 15-30 minutes, and the dissolving temperature is controlled at 20-30°C.

9. The process for preparing a composite water-soluble fertilizer for fruit tree growth resistance according to claim 5, characterized in that: The stirring speed of the trace element solution in step S2 is 200-300 rpm, the stirring time is 10-15 minutes, and the solution temperature is 20-25°C.

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