Forging forming method for large-scale shaft part with flange diameter of more than phi 3000mm and boss

Abstract

The invention discloses a forging forming method for a large shaft part with a boss and a flange with the diameter phi larger than 3000 mm, and belongs to the technical field of forging. In order to solve the problem of a deformation dead zone of a flange part in the forming of a large shaft part with a boss with the flange diameter phi being more than 3000mm, the method provided by the invention comprises the following steps: preparing a blank: preparing the blank according to the shape and the size of the shaft part, the blank comprising a flange section and a shaft section which are coaxial; the blank is placed on a rotary table through a tool, and the flange section of the blank is supported through the tool; the flange section of the blank is subjected to upsetting and full-end-face upsetting and stripping in sequence; upsetting and stripping the edge of the flange section of the blank to form a central boss; and shaft neck part forming: drawing out the shaft section to form the shaft section. According to the method, the flange part is formed through the matching of upsetting and upsetting-stripping, and a deformation dead zone of the part is avoided, so that the situation that the subsequent ultrasonic flaw detection sensitivity of a product cannot meet the technical requirement due to the fact that grains in the zone cannot be refined is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of forging, and in particular to a forging method for a large shaft-type part with a boss and a flange diameter of more than 3000 mm. Background Art

[0002] Large shaft parts with flange diameters of more than 3000mm and bosses, such as the shaft heads of nuclear power welded rotor motors, cannot be finally formed by overall drawing due to their large flange diameters. Currently, the method of upsetting the large flange and then drawing the shaft neck is often used.

[0003] However, due to the large diameter and thickness of the large flange and a small boss at one end, when the large flange is upset, the area near the boss becomes a deformation dead zone, and subsequent heat treatment cannot refine the grains in this area, resulting in the subsequent ultrasonic flaw detection sensitivity of the product failing to meet the technical requirements. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the problem of deformation dead zone of flange part in the forming of large shaft parts with flange diameter of more than 3000mm and boss, the present invention provides a forging forming method of large shaft parts with flange diameter of more than 3000mm and boss, which avoids the deformation dead zone of this part by forming the flange part by upsetting and upsetting, thereby avoiding the inability to refine the grains in this area, resulting in the subsequent ultrasonic flaw detection sensitivity of the product failing to meet the technical requirements. The technical solution is:

[0005] A forging method for a large shaft-like part with a boss and a flange diameter of more than 3000 mm, wherein the shaft-like part comprises a flange part and a shaft neck part, and the method comprises:

[0006] Preparing a blank: Preparing a blank according to the shape and size of the shaft part, wherein the blank comprises a coaxial flange section and a shaft section;

[0007] Flange forming: the blank is placed on a turntable through a tool, and the flange section of the blank is supported by the tool; the flange section of the blank is subjected to upsetting and full end surface upsetting in sequence; and then the edge of the flange section of the blank is upset to form a center boss;

[0008] Shaft neck forming: The shaft section is stretched to form it.

[0009] In some embodiments, in the flange forming step,

[0010] The upsetting ratio is not less than 0.2;

[0011] During full end face upsetting, the reduction rate of the flange section of the blank before full end face upsetting is not less than 0.15, the anvil advance is not less than 0.4 of the height before upsetting, and the rotation angle of each anvil is 15° to 25°.

[0012] In some embodiments, during edge upsetting, the shape and size of the center boss are determined according to the shape and size of the flange portion of the shaft-like component, and the reduction rate relative to the edge height of the flange section of the blank before upsetting is not less than 0.2, the anvil advance amount is not less than 0.4 of the height before upsetting, and the rotation angle of each anvil is 15° to 25°.

[0013] In some embodiments, in the step of preparing the blank,

[0014] The flange section of the blank has a deformation of more than 45% relative to the flange portion of the shaft-like component;

[0015] The shaft section of the blank has a deformation of more than 25% relative to the neck portion of the shaft-like component.

[0016] In some embodiments, the shaft-like component includes a first shaft segment, a main shaft segment, a second shaft segment, a third shaft segment, a flange and a center boss arranged in sequence along the axial direction, the first shaft segment, the main shaft segment, the second shaft segment and the third shaft segment form the shaft neck portion, and the flange and the center boss form the flange portion; and in the step of preparing the blank,

[0017] D7 2 *H7=D1 2 *(H1+k1)+D2 2 *H2+D3 2 *(H3+k2)+D4 2 *(H4+k3),

[0018] D8 2 *H8=D5 2 *(H5+k4+k5)+D6 2 *H6+T,

[0019] Among them, k1=(D1-D2) / 4*0.11; k2=(D3-D2) / 4*0.11; k3=(D4-D3) / 4*0.11; k4=(D5-D4) / 4*0.11; k5=(D5-D6) / 4*0.11; T is 0.1~0.2(H8-H5)D7 2 ;

[0020] D1 is the diameter of the first shaft segment, D2 is the diameter of the main shaft segment, D3 is the diameter of the second shaft segment, D4 is the diameter of the third shaft segment, D5 is the diameter of the flange, D6 is the diameter of the center boss, D7 is the diameter of the shaft segment, and D8 is the diameter of the flange segment;

[0021] H1 is the height of the first shaft segment, H2 is the height of the main shaft segment, H3 is the height of the second shaft segment, H4 is the height of the third shaft segment, H5 is the thickness of the flange, H6 is the thickness of the center boss, H7 is the height of the shaft segment, and H8 is the thickness of the flange segment.

[0022] In some embodiments, the tooling includes a die ring, a plurality of pads for supporting the die ring, and padding disposed in the center of the plurality of pads;

[0023] The inner diameter of the die ring is larger than the diameter of the shaft section of the blank, and the outer diameter of the die ring is larger than the diameter of the flange portion of the shaft-like component;

[0024] The total height of the die ring and the spacer is greater than the highest height of the axial section of the blank and the spacer.

[0025] In some embodiments, the inner diameter of the die ring is 35 to 65 mm larger than the diameter of the shaft section of the blank, and the outer diameter of the die ring is 85 to 110 mm larger than the diameter of the flange portion of the shaft-like component;

[0026] h1+h2=H7+h6+0.1~0.2(H8-H5)-50mm;

[0027] Among them, h1 is the height of the mold ring, h2 is the height of the spacer, h6 is the height of the gasket, H5 is the thickness of the flange of the shaft part, H7 is the height of the shaft section of the blank, and H8 is the thickness of the flange section of the blank.

[0028] In some embodiments, the flange is formed first, and then the neck is formed. Before the flange forming step,

[0029] The blank is heated and kept warm, and the keeping temperature is controlled within the range of 1190° C. to 1260° C. according to the material and the deformation amount, and the keeping time is 16 to 22 hours.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] This application adopts the flange forming method of upsetting + upsetting, which avoids the deformation dead zone at the top boss position of the flange, ensures the deformation of the flange as a whole and in each area, lays the foundation for subsequent heat treatment to refine the grain, and enables the product to meet the requirements of ultrasonic flaw detection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of shaft parts;

[0033] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the blank;

[0034] Figure 3It is a schematic diagram of the placement of blanks, tooling and turntable;

[0035] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of flange forming, where: Figure 4 (1) is a schematic diagram of the upsetting of the flange section of the blank. Figure 4 (2) is a schematic diagram of the full end face upsetting of the flange section of the blank. Figure 4 (3) is a schematic diagram of the edge upsetting of the flange section of the blank. Figure 4 (4) is a top view schematic diagram of the full end face upsetting of the flange section of the blank;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the shaft neck forming;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of electroslag ingot rolling;

[0038] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of electroslag ingot upsetting;

[0039] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of electroslag ingot lengthening;

[0040] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the electroslag ingot upsetting boss;

[0041] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the electroslag ingot lengthening and blanking process;

[0042] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the shaft head forging of the nuclear power welded rotor motor end. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The content of the present invention can be more easily understood by selecting the following detailed description of the preferred implementation method of the present invention and the embodiments included. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. When there is a contradiction, the definition in this specification shall prevail. As used herein, the term "prepared by..." is synonymous with "comprising". The terms "comprising", "including", "having", "containing" or any other variation thereof used herein are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, the composition, step, method, product or device comprising the listed elements need not be limited to those elements, but may include other elements that are not clearly listed or elements inherent to such composition, step, method, product or device.

[0044] The conjunction "consisting of excludes any unspecified element, step, or component. If used in a claim, this phrase renders the claim closed-ended so that it does not include materials other than those described, except for conventional impurities associated therewith. When the phrase "consisting of" appears in a clause of the body of a claim rather than immediately following the subject matter, it limits only the elements described in that clause; other elements are not excluded from the claim as a whole.

[0045] When amount, concentration or other value or parameter is expressed as range, preferred range or a series of upper preferred value and lower preferred value limit range, this should be understood as specifically disclosing all ranges formed by any pairing of any range upper limit or preferred value and any range lower limit or preferred value, regardless of whether the range is disclosed separately. For example, when disclosing range "1 to 5", described range should be interpreted as including range "1 to 4", "1 to 3", "1 to 2", "1 to 2 and 4 to 5", "1 to 3 and 5" etc. When numerical range is described in this article, unless otherwise stated, the range is intended to include its end value and all integers and fractions within the range.

[0046] Singular forms include plural references unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. "Optional" or "either" means that the subsequently described event or incident may or may not occur, and that the description includes instances where the event occurs and instances where it does not.

[0047] Approximate terms in the specification and claims are used to modify quantities, indicating that the present invention is not limited to the specific quantity, but also includes acceptable and modified parts close to the quantity without causing changes in the relevant basic functions. Accordingly, the use of "about", "approximately", etc. to modify a numerical value means that the present invention is not limited to the exact numerical value. In some examples, the approximate terms may correspond to the accuracy of the instrument for measuring the numerical value. In the specification and claims of this application, range limitations can be combined and / or interchanged, and if not otherwise stated, these ranges include all subranges contained therein.

[0048] In addition, the indefinite articles "a" and "an" before the elements or components of the present invention have no restrictions on the quantity requirements (i.e. the number of occurrences) of the elements or components. Therefore, "a" or "an" should be interpreted as including one or at least one, and the elements or components in the singular form also include the plural form, unless the number is obviously intended to be in the singular form.

[0049] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of shaft parts.

[0050] Shaft parts usually include a flange part and a neck part. The top of the flange part usually also includes a center boss, and the neck part usually includes multiple shaft sections according to requirements.

[0051] The embodiment of the present application provides a forging forming method for large shaft parts with bosses and a flange diameter of more than 3000mm. The method adopts a flange forming method of upsetting + upsetting, avoiding the deformation dead zone at the boss position on the top of the flange, ensuring the deformation of the flange as a whole and in each area, laying the foundation for subsequent heat treatment to refine the grains, so that the product meets the requirements of ultrasonic flaw detection.

[0052] Specifically, the method includes the steps of preparing a blank, forming a flange portion and forming a journal portion.

[0053] See also Figure 2 , Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the blank.

[0054] In one embodiment, a blank is prepared: the blank is prepared according to the shape and size of a shaft-like component, and the blank includes a coaxial flange segment and a shaft segment.

[0055] It can be understood that the edge of the flange segment protrudes beyond the shaft segment, and the flange segment of the blank is used to form the flange portion of the forging, and the shaft segment of the blank is used to form the neck portion of the forging.

[0056] Preferably, the flange section of the blank has a deformation of more than 45% relative to the flange part of the shaft part to prepare for subsequent upsetting, and the shaft section of the blank has a deformation of more than 25% relative to the neck part of the shaft part to prepare for subsequent drawing, and the size of the formed forging meets the sensitivity requirements of ultrasonic flaw detection.

[0057] Please see again Figure 1 A typical shaft component includes a first shaft segment, a main shaft segment, a second shaft segment, a third shaft segment, a flange and a center boss arranged in sequence along the axial direction. The first shaft segment, the main shaft segment, the second shaft segment and the third shaft segment form a shaft neck portion, and the flange and the center boss form a flange portion.

[0058] In a specific embodiment, for the shaft-like component, in the step of preparing the blank in the present method, the size control of each component satisfies:

[0059] D7 2 *H7=D1 2 *(H1+k1)+D2 2 *H2+D3 2 *(H3+k2)+D4 2 *(H4+k3),

[0060] D8 2 *H8=D5 2 *(H5+k4+k5)+D6 2*H6+T,

[0061] Among them, k1=(D1-D2) / 4*0.11; k2=(D3-D2) / 4*0.11; k3=(D4-D3) / 4*0.11; k4=(D5-D4) / 4*0.11; k5=(D5-D6) / 4*0.11; T is 0.1~0.2(H8-H5)D7 2 ;

[0062] D1 is the diameter of the first shaft section, D2 is the diameter of the main shaft section, D3 is the diameter of the second shaft section, D4 is the diameter of the third shaft section, D5 is the diameter of the flange, D6 is the diameter of the center boss, D7 is the diameter of the shaft section, and D8 is the diameter of the flange section;

[0063] H1 is the height of the first shaft segment, H2 is the height of the main shaft segment, H3 is the height of the second shaft segment, H4 is the height of the third shaft segment, H5 is the thickness of the flange, H6 is the thickness of the center boss, H7 is the height of the shaft segment, and H8 is the thickness of the flange segment.

[0064] See also Figure 3-4 , Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the placement of blanks, tooling and turntable; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of flange forming, where: Figure 4 (1) is a schematic diagram of the upsetting of the flange section of the blank. Figure 4 (2) is a schematic diagram of the full end face upsetting of the flange section of the blank. Figure 4 (3) is a schematic diagram of the edge upsetting of the flange section of the blank. Figure 4 (4) is a top view schematic diagram of the full end face upsetting of the flange section of the blank.

[0065] In one embodiment, the flange portion is formed by placing the blank on a turntable through a tool, and the flange section of the blank is supported by the tool.

[0066] The flange section of the blank is subjected to upsetting and full end surface upsetting in sequence. For example, the flange section of the blank can be subjected to upsetting in sequence using a spherical upsetting plate and full end surface upsetting using an upper flat anvil.

[0067] Then, the edge of the flange section of the blank is upset and stripped to form a central boss. For example, the upper flat anvil can be used to upset and strip the central boss on the edge of the flange section of the blank.

[0068] In one embodiment, the upsetting ratio is not less than 0.2, that is, the blank is moved to the bottom of the press, and the flange section of the blank is upset using a spherical upsetting plate, and the flange section height is pressed from H8 to h3 to ensure that (H8-h3) / H8≥0.2.

[0069] In one embodiment, during full end face upsetting, the reduction rate of the flange section of the blank before full end face upsetting is not less than 0.15, the anvil feed amount is not less than 0.4 of the height before upsetting, and the rotation angle of each anvil is 15° to 25°. That is, when the height of the flange section is h3, a 1200mm upper flat anvil is used to upset the flange section, and the reduction amount of each anvil is h (h=h3-h4), ensuring that (h3-h4) / h3≥0.15, the anvil feed amount L≥0.4h3, and the rotation angle of each anvil is 15° to 25°.

[0070] In one embodiment, during edge upsetting, the shape and size of the center boss are determined according to the shape and size of the flange portion of the shaft-like component, and the reduction rate of the flange segment edge height before upsetting relative to the blank is not less than 0.2, the anvil feed amount is not less than 0.4 of the height before upsetting, and the rotation angle of each anvil is 15° to 25°, that is, after the flange segment is upset to h4 as a whole, a 1200mm upper flat anvil is used to upset the area outside the flange center D6 to retain the center boss, and the reduction amount of each anvil is h7 (h7 = h4-H5) to ensure that (h4-H5) / h4≥0.2, the anvil feed amount L1≥0.4h4, and the rotation angle of each anvil is 15° to 25° until the flange segment is upset to H5 as a whole.

[0071] See also Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the shaft neck forming.

[0072] In one embodiment, the shaft neck is formed by stretching the shaft segment to form it, that is, taking the blank out of the tooling, using a manipulator to clamp the shaft segment to round the arc of the flange segment, and then turning around to clamp the flange segment to stretch the shaft segment until the forging is completed.

[0073] Please see again Figure 3 In one embodiment, the tooling includes a die ring, a plurality of pads for supporting the die ring, and padding disposed in the center of the plurality of pads.

[0074] The inner diameter of the die ring is larger than the diameter of the shaft section of the blank, and the outer diameter of the die ring is larger than the diameter of the flange portion of the shaft-like component, so as to facilitate supporting the flange section of the blank.

[0075] The total height of the die ring and the gasket is greater than the highest height of the shaft section and the gasket of the blank, so as to reduce the impact on the shaft section during the flange forming process.

[0076] In one embodiment, the inner diameter of the mold ring is 35 to 65 mm larger than the diameter of the shaft section of the blank, such as 35 mm, 45 mm, 50 mm or 65 mm, and the outer diameter of the mold ring is 85 to 110 mm larger than the diameter of the flange portion of the shaft part, such as 85 mm, 90 mm, 100 mm or 110 mm.

[0077] h1+h2=H7+h6+0.1~0.2(H8-H5)-50mm;

[0078] Among them, h1 is the height of the mold ring, h2 is the height of the gasket, h6 is the height of the gasket, H5 is the thickness of the flange of the shaft part, H7 is the height of the shaft section of the blank, and H8 is the thickness of the flange section of the blank.

[0079] Preferably, four spacers are provided and are evenly distributed along the circumference of the flange section of the blank.

[0080] Preferably, the padding material is oxide skin, that is, an oxide skin of a certain thickness is evenly stacked in the area surrounded by a plurality of pads.

[0081] In one embodiment, the flange is formed first, and then the shaft neck is formed, and before the flange forming step,

[0082] The blank is heated and kept warm. The holding temperature is controlled within the range of 1190°C to 1260°C according to the material and deformation amount, and the holding time is 16 to 22 hours to facilitate subsequent forging.

[0083] See also Figure 6-11 , Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of electroslag ingot rolling; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of electroslag ingot upsetting; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of electroslag ingot lengthening; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the electroslag ingot upsetting boss; Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the electroslag ingot lengthening and blanking process; Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the shaft head forging of the nuclear power welded rotor motor end.

[0084] In a specific embodiment, a large 110-ton electroslag remelted steel ingot with a diameter of 2300 mm is used to forge a large shaft part with a flange diameter of more than 3 meters on a 10,000-ton press. The shaft part is specifically a nuclear power welding rotor motor end shaft head. The method specifically includes:

[0085] Forging dimensions and process data:

[0086] D1 and D4 are Ф1595mm, D2 is Ф1055mm, D3 is Ф1180mm, D5 is Ф3060mm, and D6 is Ф450mm;

[0087] H1 is 1045mm, H2 is 2385mm, H3 is 730mm, H4 is 270mm, H5 is 990mm, H6 is 270mm;

[0088] h1 is 400mm, h2 is 2000mm, and h6 is 100mm.

[0089] Therefore, D7 is Φ1850mm, D8 is Φ2400mm, H7 is 2130mm, and H8 is 1880mm;

[0090] h3 is 1500mm, h4 is 1260mm;

[0091] T=1850 2 *0.11*(1880-990).

[0092] Step one: prepare the blank.

[0093] 1) Use 1200mm upper flat anvil and lower V anvil to roll the electroslag ingot to 2200mm, clean the starter plate at the B end, such as Figure 6 shown.

[0094] 2) Use the spherical upsetting plate on the lower flat plate to upset the riser end of the electroslag ingot upward to Ф3500mm. Figure 7 shown.

[0095] 3) Use 1200mm upper flat anvil and lower flat plate to stretch the electroslag ingot to a length ≥ 2400mm; then use 1200mm upper flat anvil and lower V anvil to stretch the electroslag ingot to Ф2000mm. Figure 8 shown.

[0096] 4) Use the spherical upsetting plate on the lower flat plate to upset the riser end of the electroslag ingot to Ф3300mm; place the electroslag ingot on the turntable, upset the T end upward to Ф800×300mm boss, and gas cut the boss, such as Fig. 9 shown.

[0097] 5) Using 1200mm upper flat anvil and lower flat plate, the electroslag ingot is pressed to a length of ≥2400mm by overall large deformation stretching; then using 1200mm upper flat anvil and lower V anvil, the electroslag ingot is stretched anvil by anvil to a maximum of about 2400mm×1880+1850mm×2130 Ф, and there is still 47% surplus reduction in the flange thickness direction. Fig.10 shown.

[0098] Step 2: Heating the blank.

[0099] Place the blank horizontally in the heating furnace and heat to 1220-1240℃, keep warm for 16-22h. The blank needs to be heated evenly.

[0100] Step 3: Flange forming.

[0101] Place the blank into the die ring (die ring height is 400mm, pad height is 2000mm, and the height of the oxide scale stacked in the center of the pad under the die ring is 220mm), move it to the bottom of the press, use a spherical upsetting plate to upset to a flange height of 1500mm, and then use the upper anvil for upsetting, with each anvil pressing down 240mm, the pressing amount is about 16%, the anvil is advanced 600mm, the anvil is advanced about 40%, and each anvil is rotated 20°. The flange is upset as a whole to a height of 1260mm.

[0102] Keep the center Ф450mm boss, press down 270mm for each anvil, the pressing amount is about 21%, advance the anvil 510mm, the advance amount is about 40%, and each anvil rotates 20°. The flange is upset to a height of 990mm. Figure 4 shown.

[0103] Step 4: Shaft neck forming.

[0104] Remove the blank from the die ring and press Figure 5 As shown, first use the manipulator to clamp the 1850mm diameter rounded flange to 3060mm diameter, then turn around and clamp the flange at 3060mm diameter, and lengthen the shaft neck until the forging is completed. The dimensions after pressing are as follows Fig.11 shown.

[0105] This method solves the forging technology problem of the presence of a deformation dead zone in the center of large shaft parts with flange diameters above Ф3000mm after forging using conventional upsetting schemes, and avoids the problem that the subsequent ultrasonic flaw detection sensitivity of the product cannot meet the technical requirements due to the inability to refine the grains in this area.

[0106] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-restrictive in all respects, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the present invention.

Claims

1. A forging method for a large shaft-like part with a flange diameter of more than 3000 mm and a boss, wherein the shaft-like part comprises a flange part and a journal part, and is characterized in that: The method comprises: Preparing a blank: Preparing a blank according to the shape and size of the shaft part, wherein the blank comprises a coaxial flange section and a shaft section; Flange forming: the blank is placed on a turntable through a tool, and the flange section of the blank is supported by the tool; the flange section of the blank is subjected to upsetting and full end surface upsetting in sequence; and then the edge of the flange section of the blank is upset to form a center boss; Shaft neck forming: the shaft section is stretched to form it.

2. The forging method for large shaft parts with bosses and flange diameters of more than 3000 mm according to claim 1 is characterized in that: During the flange forming step, The upsetting ratio is not less than 0.2; During full end face upsetting, the reduction rate of the flange section of the blank before full end face upsetting is not less than 0.15, the anvil advance is not less than 0.4 of the height before upsetting, and the rotation angle of each anvil is 15° to 25°.

3. The forging method for large shaft parts with bosses and flange diameters of more than 3000 mm according to claim 1, characterized in that: During edge upsetting, the shape and size of the center boss are determined according to the shape and size of the flange portion of the shaft-like part, and the reduction rate relative to the edge height of the flange section of the blank before upsetting is not less than 0.2, the anvil feed amount is not less than 0.4 of the height before upsetting, and the rotation angle of each anvil is 15°~25°.

4. The forging method for large shaft parts with bosses and flange diameters of more than 3000 mm according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the step of preparing the blank, The flange section of the blank has a deformation of more than 45% relative to the flange portion of the shaft-like component; The shaft section of the blank has a deformation of more than 25% relative to the neck portion of the shaft-like component.

5. The forging method for large shaft parts with bosses and flange diameters of more than 3000 mm according to claim 4, characterized in that: The shaft part comprises a first shaft section, a main shaft section, a second shaft section, a third shaft section, a flange and a center boss arranged in sequence along the axial direction, wherein the first shaft section, the main shaft section, the second shaft section and the third shaft section form the shaft neck, and the flange and the center boss form the flange part; and in the step of preparing the blank, <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr">D7<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 2 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> *H7=D1<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 2 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> *(H1+k1)+D2<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 2 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> *H2+D3<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 2 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> *(H3+k2)+D4<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 2 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> *(H4+k3), D8 2 *H8=D5 2 *(H5+k4+k5)+D6 2 *H6+T, Among them, k1=(D1-D2) / 4*0.11; k2=(D3-D2) / 4*0.11; k3=(D4-D3) / 4*0.11; k4=(D5-D4) / 4*0.11; k5=(D5-D6) / 4*0.11; T is 0.1~0.2(H8-H5)D7 2 ; D1 is the diameter of the first shaft segment, D2 is the diameter of the main shaft segment, D3 is the diameter of the second shaft segment, D4 is the diameter of the third shaft segment, D5 is the diameter of the flange, D6 is the diameter of the center boss, D7 is the diameter of the shaft segment, and D8 is the diameter of the flange segment; H1 is the height of the first shaft segment, H2 is the height of the main shaft segment, H3 is the height of the second shaft segment, H4 is the height of the third shaft segment, H5 is the thickness of the flange, H6 is the thickness of the center boss, H7 is the height of the shaft segment, and H8 is the thickness of the flange segment.

6. The forging method for large shaft parts with bosses and flange diameters of more than 3000 mm according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tooling includes a die ring, a plurality of pads for supporting the die ring, and padding placed in the center of the plurality of pads; The inner diameter of the die ring is larger than the diameter of the shaft section of the blank, and the outer diameter of the die ring is larger than the diameter of the flange portion of the shaft-like component; The total height of the die ring and the spacer is greater than the highest height of the axial section of the blank and the spacer.

7. The forging method for large shaft parts with bosses and flange diameters of more than 3000 mm according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the die ring is 35 to 65 mm larger than the diameter of the shaft section of the blank, and the outer diameter of the die ring is 85 to 110 mm larger than the diameter of the flange portion of the shaft-like component; h1+h2=H7+h6+0.1~0.2(H8-H5)-50mm; Among them, h1 is the height of the mold ring, h2 is the height of the spacer, h6 is the height of the gasket, H5 is the thickness of the flange of the shaft part, H7 is the height of the shaft section of the blank, and H8 is the thickness of the flange section of the blank.

8. The forging method for large shaft parts with bosses and flange diameters of more than 3000 mm according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flange is formed first, and then the shaft neck is formed. Before the flange forming step, The blank is heated and kept warm, and the keeping temperature is controlled within the range of 1190° C. to 1260° C. according to the material and the deformation amount, and the keeping time is 16 to 22 hours.

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