Multi-hob rotary conical surface rock breaking test device and test method

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-hob rotary conical surface rock breaking test device and method, and relates to the hob cutting technology, the multi-hob rotary conical surface rock breaking test device comprises a shaping structure, a trowelling structure and a cutterhead structure, the cutterhead structure is used for containing concrete, the trowelling structure is provided with a rotary lifting assembly and a scraper, and the horizontal angle of the scraper is variable; the rotary lifting assembly drives the scraper to rotate, so that the upper surface of concrete is stricken to form a conical surface, the cutterhead structure is provided with a hobbing cutter with a variable hobbing cutter inclination angle, and the cutterhead structure and the concrete can rotate relatively, so that rotary conical surface rock breaking of the hobbing cutter is simulated; according to the multi-hob conical surface rock breaking test device, manufacturing of the conical surface rock surface and adjustment of the positions and angles of the hobs are integrated in one device, a multi-hob conical surface rock breaking test can be achieved, the cone angle of the rock surface, the angles of the hobs and the distance between the hobs can be flexibly adjusted before the test, and the multi-hob conical surface rock breaking test device is used for exploring rock breaking performance under different test conditions. In addition, the inclination angle of the hob can be flexibly adjusted, and the adjusting range is larger.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a roller cutter cutting technology, and in particular to a multi-roller rotary cone surface rock breaking test device and a test method. Background Art

[0002] The full-face tunnel boring machine is a large-scale and complex set of tunnel boring equipment that integrates excavation, slag removal, lining and other functions. It is the basic equipment for the construction of high-speed railways, highways, subways, water conservancy and other projects. Under most formation conditions, flat cutterheads have been widely used, but under certain special formation conditions, such as in inclined shaft excavation projects under extremely hard rock geological conditions, the rock breaking rate and slag discharge efficiency of flat cutterheads are lower than those of conical cutterheads. The conical cutterhead adopts a conical structure, with high slag removal efficiency, structural strength and rigidity, and has better excavation performance and geological adaptability. Since the conical cutterhead is divided into a multi-level structure, the first level first contacts the rock mass to break the rock and provides a free surface for the next level. The subsequent multi-level cutterheads break the rock under air conditions, which greatly improves the rock breaking efficiency compared to traditional flat cutterheads. In inclined shaft excavation projects under extremely hard rock geological conditions, the design of conical cutterheads has become a trend.

[0003] Most of the existing roller cutter rock breaking test benches are designed for linear rock breaking on horizontal rock surfaces. They cannot fully simulate the actual roller cutter rotating cone rock breaking conditions, and it is difficult to obtain the relevant mechanical performance parameters of the rock breaking process and the change law of the cone roller cutter rotating rock breaking performance. It is also impossible to provide a theoretical basis for the cone cutter disc structure design and tool layout optimization. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a multi-roller rotary cone rock breaking test device and test method, the purpose of which is to provide a device for manufacturing a cone rock surface and cone rock breaking, so as to solve the problem that the existing rock breaking test bench is difficult to obtain the cone roller rotary rock breaking performance under the cone rock breaking condition.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-roller rotary cone surface rock breaking test device, comprising: The shaping structure comprises an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder, wherein the inner cylinder is coaxial with the outer cylinder, the inner cylinder is arranged inside the outer cylinder and forms an annular cavity with the outer cylinder for pouring concrete, and the outer cylinder can rotate on its own; A smoothing structure for smoothing concrete to form a conical surface is arranged in the inner cylinder, including a mounting cylinder, the mounting cylinder is coaxially fixedly connected to the inner cylinder, a rotating lifting assembly, a telescopic assembly and a scraper assembly are arranged in the inner cylinder, the telescopic assembly is arranged in the radial direction of the rotating lifting assembly, the scraper assembly is arranged on the telescopic assembly, the telescopic assembly drives the scraper assembly to move in the radial direction of the rotating lifting assembly, and the scraper assembly includes a scraper with a changeable horizontal angle; A cutter disc structure is arranged above the leveling structure. The cutter disc structure can move in the vertical direction. The cutter disc structure includes at least three cutter disc tracks. The multiple cutter disc tracks are arranged radially. The angle between the cutter disc tracks is a polar angle θ. A cutter seat with a roller is arranged on each cutter disc track. The cutter seat can slide relative to the cutter disc track and be fixed on the cutter disc track. The roller inclination angle α of the roller is variable.

[0006] Preferably, the multi-roller rotary cone rock breaking test device further comprises a top plate and a bottom plate; The bottom plate is provided with a rotating unit, and the rotating unit is connected to the outer cylinder to drive the outer cylinder to rotate; The top plate is provided with the first linear module connected with the cutter disc structure to drive the cutter disc structure to rise and fall and apply different loading forces to the roller cutter.

[0007] Preferably, the rotating lifting assembly comprises a rotating unit and a lifting unit, and the rotating unit is arranged on the lifting unit; The lifting unit includes a fixed plate, a movable plate arranged below the fixed plate, and a second linear module, wherein the second linear module drives the movable plate to move in a vertical direction; The rotating unit is arranged on the movable plate, and the rotating unit comprises a rotating bin arranged above the mounting tube and a main shaft arranged in the mounting tube, the upper end of the main shaft is passed through the rotating bin along the axial direction of the rotating bin and is in clearance with the rotating bin, a side window is provided on the side of the rotating bin, the telescopic assembly is passed through the side window and is connected to the main shaft; The moving plate is provided with a first driving motor, and the first driving motor is used for driving the main shaft to rotate.

[0008] Preferably, the scraper assembly further comprises a scraper bin, a storage bin and a first connecting arm, the storage bin is connected to the telescopic assembly, one end of the scraper bin is connected to the storage bin, the scraper bin and the storage bin can rotate relatively and be fixed, the other end of the scraper bin is hinged to the scraper, one end of the first connecting arm is hinged to the scraper bin, and the other end is hinged to the scraper; The first connecting arm is retractable.

[0009] Preferably, the telescopic assembly includes a second connecting arm and a third connecting arm, the second connecting arm and the third connecting arm are hinged in an X shape, a connecting portion is provided at the upper end inside the rotating bin, the first end of the second connecting arm is hinged to the storage bin, and the second end is hinged to the main shaft, the first end of the third connecting arm is hinged to the storage bin, and the second end is hinged to the connecting portion.

[0010] Preferably, the cutter disc structure further comprises a cutter disc, a cutter disc edge is formed below the cutter disc, and a cutter disc annular cavity for accommodating the cutter disc track is formed between the cutter disc edge and the cutter disc; The cutter head structure also includes a connecting piece; The cutter disc track has a connecting end and a free end, the connecting member is passed through the connecting end of each cutter disc track and fixes the polar angle θ between each cutter disc track, the free end of each cutter disc track is arranged in the cutter disc annular cavity, and a pad is also arranged on the edge of the cutter disc, and the pad is provided with a fixing bolt for fixing the pad to the edge of the cutter disc.

[0011] Preferably, the tool holder comprises side plates and a tool holder base plate which are arranged opposite to each other, the two side plates are arranged on the tool holder base plate, a rotating shaft is passed through the side plates, a tool holder for mounting a hob is arranged between the two side plates, and the tool holder is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft; A driving gear connected to the rotating shaft is also arranged on the outer side of the side plate. The driving gear is meshed with a driving rack. The driving rack drives the rotating shaft to rotate through translation, thereby changing the inclination angle α of the hob.

[0012] Preferably, a cover body is also provided on the outer side of the side plate, and the cover body covers the driving gear and the driving rack. The cover body is provided with adjusting bolts in relative directions, and two adjusting bolts are screwed on the cover body. The two adjusting bolts are used to abut against the two ends of the length of the driving rack to self-lock the driving rack.

[0013] The present application also provides a test method for a multi-roller rotary cone surface rock breaking test, using the aforementioned multi-roller rotary cone surface rock breaking test device, comprising: S10. Add concrete to the annular cavity and smooth the upper surface of the concrete to form a cone; S20. After the concrete has initially solidified, remove the leveling structure and inner tube; S30. Based on the test requirements, adjust the polar angle θ, the cutter spacing d of each hob, and the hob inclination angle α; S40. After the concrete is completely solidified, the cutter head structure descends and the outer cylinder rotates to break the rock surface.

[0014] Preferably, the cutter spacing d of the rollers is obtained based on the polar diameter ρ of each roller; Based on the height difference of the roller cutters, cutter seats of different thicknesses are selected to ensure that each roller cutter contacts the rock surface.

[0015] The above scheme of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present application integrates the production of the conical rock surface, the position and angle adjustment of the roller cutter into one device, so as to realize the rock breaking test with multiple roller cutters. Before the test, the cone angle of the rock surface, the angle of the roller cutter and the distance between the cutters can be flexibly adjusted to explore the rock breaking performance under different test conditions. Moreover, the inclination angle of the roller cutter can be flexibly adjusted, with a larger adjustment range.

[0016] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A longitudinal cross-sectional view of Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the shaping structure and the smoothing structure; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A longitudinal cross-sectional view of Figure 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of the rotary lifting assembly; Figure 6 It is a bottom view of the cutter disc structure; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the cutter track and the cutter seat; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the knife holder; Fig. 9 Schematic diagrams of the polar angle and polar diameter of each cutter disc track, where: (a) is a schematic diagram of different polar diameters when the polar angle is 120°; (b) is a schematic diagram of the same polar diameter when the polar angle is 90°; (c) is a schematic diagram of the same polar diameter when the polar angle is 30°; Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the knife height difference and knife spacing; Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the hob inclination angle of the hob. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention more clear, a detailed description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0019] like Figure 1-11As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-roller rotary cone rock breaking test device, comprising a shaping structure 100, a leveling structure 200 and a cutter head structure 300. The shaping structure 100 comprises an inner cylinder 110 and an outer cylinder 120, wherein the inner cylinder 110 is detachably arranged in the outer cylinder 120, and the inner cylinder 110 and the outer cylinder 120 are coaxially arranged, an annular cavity for pouring concrete is formed between the inner cylinder 110 and the outer cylinder 120, and the outer cylinder 120 can rotate around its own rotation axis. A smoothing structure 200 is provided in the inner cylinder 110, and the smoothing structure 200 is used to smooth the concrete in the annular cavity to form a conical surface required for the test. Specifically, the smoothing structure 200 includes a mounting cylinder 210, which is coaxially arranged with the inner cylinder 110 and fixed in the inner cylinder 110. A rotating lifting assembly 220, a telescopic assembly 230 and a scraper assembly 240 are provided in the inner cylinder 110, wherein the telescopic assembly 230 is arranged in the radial direction of the rotating lifting assembly 220, and the telescopic assembly 230 can be moved in the radial direction of the rotating lifting assembly 220. The scraper assembly 240 is arranged on the telescopic assembly 230, and the scraper assembly 240 is driven by the telescopic assembly 230. At the same time, the scraper assembly 240 and the telescopic assembly 230 are driven by the rotary lifting assembly 220 to move along the axial direction of the rotary lifting assembly 220, or rotate around the axial direction, so that the scraper assembly 240 can smooth the upper surface of the concrete. The scraper assembly 240 includes a scraper 241, and the horizontal angle of the scraper 241 is variable. The horizontal angle refers to the angle between the scraper 241 and the horizontal plane, and the angle is also the cone angle β formed by the concrete.

[0020] The cutter disc structure 300 is arranged above the leveling structure 200. The cutter disc structure 300 can move in the vertical direction. The cutter disc structure 300 includes at least three cutter disc tracks 310. The multiple cutter disc tracks 310 are radially arranged. The angle between the cutter disc tracks 310 is a polar angle θ. A cutter seat 320 is also arranged on each cutter disc track 310. A roller 321 is arranged on the cutter seat 320. The cutter seat 320 can slide along the length direction of the cutter disc track 310 and be fixed on the cutter disc track 310. The distance between the cutter seat 320 and the radial center is the polar diameter ρ. The roller 321 can be rotatably arranged on the cutter seat 320. The roller inclination angle α is formed between the roller 321 and the conical surface. The roller inclination angle α is variable.

[0021] In the present application, the test device can produce conical surfaces with different cone angles β according to different test requirements, and use the lifting and lowering of the cutter disc structure 300 to perform a rock breaking test on the conical surface. During the rock breaking test, the polar angle θ, polar diameter ρ and roller cutter inclination angle α can be adjusted to explore the mechanical properties and load laws of small cone surface rock breaking under different conditions.

[0022] The multi-roller rotary cone rock breaking test device also includes a top plate 400 and a bottom plate 500, and a relative supporting wall plate is arranged between the top plate 400 and the bottom plate 500, wherein a rotating unit 510 is arranged on the bottom plate 500, and the rotating unit 510 is connected to the outer cylinder 120 to drive the outer cylinder 120 to rotate, and a first linear module is arranged on the top plate 400, and the first linear module is connected to the cutter disc structure 300 to drive the cutter disc structure 300 to rise and fall, and by applying pressure to the cutter disc structure 300, the roller 321 is subjected to different loading forces.

[0023] In this embodiment, one end of the first linear module is fixed on the top plate 400, and the other end is fixed on the cutter disc structure 300, and the extension and retraction of the first linear module is used to drive the cutter disc structure 300 to move up and down and apply a loading force. The first linear module can be a structure such as an electric push rod, a lead screw assembly, etc. to realize the linear motion of the cutter disc structure 300.

[0024] In this embodiment, the rotating unit 510 is a turntable, which has a motor and good load-bearing capacity. The turntable drives the outer cylinder 120 to rotate.

[0025] Furthermore, the rotating and lifting assembly 220 includes a rotating unit 221 and a lifting unit 222 , wherein the rotating unit 221 drives the lifting unit 222 to move.

[0026] The aforementioned lifting unit 222 includes a fixed plate 222a, a movable plate 222b, and a second linear module 222c, wherein the movable plate 222b is arranged below the fixed plate 222a, and the second linear module 222c is arranged on the fixed plate 222a and fixedly connected with the movable plate 222b, and the second linear module 222c can drive the movable plate 222b to move, thereby changing the distance between the fixed plate 222a and the movable plate 222b. In this embodiment, the second linear module 222c is a lead screw structure, specifically, the second linear module 222c includes a second drive motor, a lead screw, and a guide rod, the second drive motor is fixed in the inner cylinder 110, and is connected to the lead screw, the lead screw is sequentially passed through the movable plate 222b and the fixed plate 222a, the lead screw is screwed to the movable plate 222b, and is rotatably connected to the fixed plate 222a; the guide rod is sequentially passed through the fixed plate 222a and the movable plate 222b. When the lead screw rotates, the movable plate 222b moves up and down along the guide rod.

[0027] The aforementioned rotating unit 221 is arranged on the moving plate 222b, and the rotating unit 221 includes a rotating bin 221a and a main shaft 221b arranged above the mounting cylinder 210. The lower end of the main shaft 221b is provided with a first driving motor, which is fixed on the moving plate 222b, and the upper end of the main shaft 221b is sequentially penetrated through the fixed plate 222a and the rotating bin 221a. Specifically, the fixed plate 222a is provided with a first central through hole, and the rotating bin 221a includes a rotating drum and a bottom cover fixedly connected to the rotating drum, the rotating drum is arranged on the bottom cover, and the bottom cover is provided with a second central through hole, and the upper end of the main shaft 221b is penetrated through the first central through hole and the second central through hole, and is gap-matched with the first central through hole and the second central through hole. A side window 221c is provided on the side of the rotating drum, and the telescopic assembly 230 is penetrated through the side window 221c and connected to the main shaft 221b.

[0028] The telescopic assembly 230 includes a second connecting arm 231 and a third connecting arm 232, which are hinged in an X shape, and a connecting portion is provided in the rotating bin 221a, preferably, the connecting portion is provided at the inner top of the rotating drum. A first hinge seat is provided on the connecting portion, and a second hinge seat is provided at the upper end of the main shaft 221b. The first end of the second connecting arm 231 is hinged to the scraper 241 structure, and the second end is hinged to the second hinge seat. The first end of the third connecting arm 232 is hinged to the scraper 241 structure, and the second end is hinged to the first hinge seat.

[0029] Since the main shaft 221b is arranged on the movable plate 222b through the first driving motor, when the movable plate 222b is raised or lowered, the upper end of the main shaft 221b moves accordingly, and the telescopic assembly 230 is in an X shape. When the distance between the first hinge seat and the second hinge seat changes, the telescopic assembly 230 opens at different angles, so that the scraper 241 structure moves in the radial direction of the rotating unit 221. When the first driving motor is working, it drives the main shaft 221b to rotate. At this time, the telescopic assembly 230 is inserted into the side window 221c. When the main shaft 221b drives the telescopic assembly 230 to rotate, the telescopic assembly 230 applies the rotation force to the side window 221c, and drives the rotating bin 221a to rotate at the same time.

[0030] Preferably, a relief groove 221d is further provided in the radial direction of the bottom cover, and the number of the relief grooves 221d is the same as the number of the scraper 241 structures. The relief groove 221d is recessed from the edge of the bottom cover toward the center of the bottom cover, and the relief groove 221d is used to store the scraper assembly 240. The scraper assembly 240 has a smaller volume after being stored, and is more convenient to remove.

[0031] The scraper assembly 240 includes a scraper bin 242, a storage bin 243 and a first connecting arm 244, wherein the storage bin 243 is connected to the telescopic assembly 230, and specifically the storage bin 243 is connected to the second connecting arm 231 and the third connecting arm 232. The upper end of the storage bin 243 is connected to the scraper bin 242, and the scraper bin 242 can rotate relative to the storage bin 243 and maintain a fixed angle. In this embodiment, the storage bin 243 is provided with a first groove on one side facing the scraper bin 242, and the scraper bin 242 is connected to the first groove. The scraper bin 242 and the storage bin 243 are connected by bolts, and the bolts are passed through the tops of the scraper bin 242 and the storage bin 243, so that the scraper bin 242 can rotate relative to the storage bin 243. When the nut is assembled on the bolt, the scraper bin 242 can be clamped in the first groove to achieve the fixation of the scraper bin 242 relative to the storage bin 243.

[0032] The lower end of the scraper bin 242 is hinged to the scraper 241, and the two ends of the first connecting arm 244 are respectively hinged to the scraper bin 242 and the scraper 241, so that the first connecting arm 244, the scraper 241 and the scraper bin 242 are in a triangular shape, and a second groove for accommodating the scraper 241 is provided on the side of the scraper bin 242 facing the scraper 241. The first connecting arm 244 is retractable and can adopt a structure such as an electric push rod. By retracting the first connecting arm 244, the horizontal angle of the scraper 241 can be adjusted, thereby forming a cone surface of different angles on the concrete surface.

[0033] The aforementioned cutter disc structure 300 also includes a cutter disc 330 and a cutter disc edge 340. The cutter disc edge 340 is arranged below the cutter disc 330. The cutter disc edge 340 is annular. The outer diameter of the cutter disc edge 340 is the same as the diameter of the cutter disc 330. The cutter disc edge 340 and the cutter disc 330 form a cutter disc annular cavity in the vertical direction. The aforementioned cutter disc rails 310 are arranged in the cutter disc annular cavity.

[0034] The cutter disc structure 300 further includes a connecting member 350. Each cutter disc track 310 has a connecting end and a free end. The connecting member 350 is inserted through the connecting end of each cutter disc track 310 and can fix the polar angle θ between each cutter disc track 310. The change and fixation of the polar angle θ between the cutter disc tracks 310 can refer to the fixing method of the scraper bin 242 and the storage bin 243. Each cutter disc track 310 is placed under the cutter disc 330, and the connecting member 350 is kept coaxial with the cutter disc 330. The free end of each cutter disc track 310 is located in the cutter disc annular cavity. A padding block 360 is also formed on the cutter disc edge 340. The padding block 360 is provided with a fixing bolt. The fixing bolt is used to fix the relative position of the padding block 360 and the cutter disc edge 340, so as to prevent the cutter disc track 310 from sliding when breaking rocks.

[0035] Preferably, a guide plate 370 is further provided between the cutter disc 330 and the first linear module, the guide plate 370 is fixedly connected to the first linear module and the cutter disc 330 respectively, and a sliding structure is provided between the guide plate 370 and the support plate, the sliding structure guides the cutter disc 330 to move in the vertical direction, and prevents the cutter disc 330 from twisting when breaking rocks. The sliding structure can be a conventional sliding structure.

[0036] The aforementioned knife seat 320 includes a side plate 322 and a knife seat base plate 323, wherein the two side plates 322 are arranged on the knife seat base plate 323 in a relative manner, and a rotating shaft 324 is provided on each of the two side plates 322, and a knife holder 325 is further provided between the two side plates 322, and the knife holder 325 is used to install the hob 321, and the two rotating shafts 324 are fixedly connected to the knife holder 325. When the rotating shaft 324 rotates, the knife holder 325 can be driven to rotate, thereby realizing the change of the inclination angle α of the hob.

[0037] Preferably, a slide groove is also provided in the length direction of the cutter disc track 310, and a sliding bolt is passed through the slide groove and screwed to the cutter seat base plate 323, so that the cutter seat base plate 323 can slide relative to the cutter disc track 310 and can also be removed to perform a single-cutting rock breaking test on an open surface.

[0038] Specifically, a driving gear 326 is disposed on the outer side of one of the side plates 322, and the driving gear 326 is connected to the rotating shaft 324. The driving gear 326 is also meshed with a driving rack 327. When the driving rack 327 translates, the driving gear 326 is driven to rotate, thereby adjusting the rotation of the hob inclination angle α. Preferably, the rotating shaft 324 and the driving gear 326 are splined.

[0039] Furthermore, in order to achieve self-locking of the driving rack 327, a cover body 328 is also provided on the outer side of the side plate 322 on which the driving gear 326 is provided. The cover body 328 covers the driving gear 326 and the driving rack 327. Screw holes are opened on two opposite surfaces of the cover body 328. Adjustment bolts 329 are respectively screwed into the two screw holes. The two adjustment bolts 329 are respectively located in the length direction of the driving rack 327 and can abut against the driving rack 327.

[0040] In this embodiment, the two adjusting bolts 329 are used to adjust the drive rack 327 in a one-in-one-out manner to change the cutter inclination angle α. During adjustment, one of the adjusting bolts 329 is moved back to leave space for the drive rack 327 to move forward, and the other adjusting bolt 329 pushes the drive rack 327 to move in the direction of the moving adjusting bolt 329. When the cutter inclination angle α meets the requirements, the drive rack 327 is stopped from moving, and the two adjusting bolts 329 are tightened so that the two adjusting bolts 329 are pressed against the two ends of the drive rack 327 to achieve self-locking of the drive rack 327, thereby ensuring that the cutter inclination angle α does not change during rock breaking.

[0041] The present application also provides a test method for a multi-roller rotary cone rock breaking test, using the aforementioned multi-roller rotary cone rock breaking test device, comprising the following steps: S10. Add concrete into the annular cavity.

[0042] Before adding concrete to the annular cavity, the inner cylinder 110 and the leveling structure 200 are installed in the outer cylinder 120 to keep the inner cylinder 110 coaxial with the outer cylinder 120. A radial stopper can be added between the inner cylinder 110 and the outer cylinder 120 to prevent the inner cylinder 110 and the outer cylinder 120 from being axially non-colinear when adding concrete. Of course, the positions of the inner cylinder 110 and the outer cylinder 120 can also be adjusted at any time when adding concrete to keep the two coaxial.

[0043] According to the test requirements, the required rock surface angle is confirmed, the horizontal angle β of the scraper 241 is adjusted according to the rock surface angle, and the smoothing structure 200 is driven to rotate to smooth the upper surface of the concrete to form a cone.

[0044] S20. After the concrete is initially solidified, the leveling structure 200 and the inner tube 110 are removed.

[0045] Removing the inner cylinder 110 at the initial stage of concrete solidification can prevent the concrete from losing the support of the inner cylinder 110 and collapsing, and also prevent the concrete from solidifying on the inner cylinder 110, making it easier to disassemble.

[0046] When dismantling the trowel structure 200, the lifting assembly descends, the telescopic assembly 230 contracts, and drives the scraper assembly 240 to move toward the center of the trowel structure 200. At the same time, the scraper assembly 240 stores the scraper 241 in the scraper bin 242, and stores the scraper bin 242 and the scraper 241 in the storage bin 243, thereby reducing the volume of the trowel structure 200.

[0047] S30. Based on the test requirements, adjust the polar angle θ, the cutter spacing d of each roller cutter 321 and the roller cutter inclination angle α.

[0048] The distance ρ between each roller cutter 321 and the radial center is measured to obtain the distance d between each roller cutter 321 .

[0049] Based on the height difference of the roller cutters 321 , the cutter seats 320 with different functional thicknesses are selected to ensure that the roller cutters 321 are in contact with the rock surface.

[0050] Taking three cutter disc rails 310 and each cutter disc rail 310 as an example, the three cutter disc rails 310 are respectively the first cutter disc rail 310a, the second cutter disc rail 310b and the third cutter disc rail 310c. Correspondingly, each cutter disc rail 310 is provided with a cutter seat 320, corresponding to the first cutter seat 320a, the second cutter seat 320b and the third cutter seat 320c.

[0051] First, the polar angle θ between each cutter disc track 310 is adjusted. The polar angle θ of the cutter disc track 310 is adjusted according to the test requirements. The polar angle θ is the clockwise angle between the current cutter disc track and the control cutter disc track. Fig. 9 a- Fig. 9 As shown in c, the polar angle θ can be set in various ways according to the test requirements. Fig. 9 Taking a as an example, the first cutter disc orbit 310a is the reference cutter disc orbit, the polar angle θ1 of the first cutter disc orbit 310a is 0°, the polar angle of the second cutter disc orbit 310b is the angle between the second cutter disc orbit 310b and the reference cutter disc orbit 310, that is, θ2=120°, and the polar angle of the third cutter disc orbit 310c is the angle between the third cutter disc orbit 310c and the reference cutter disc orbit 310, that is, θ3=240°.

[0052] Secondly, measure the distance ρ1 from the first tool seat 320a to the radial center, the distance ρ2 from the second tool seat 320b to the radial center, and the distance ρ3 from the third tool seat 320c to the radial center, ρ1, ρ2, ρ3 are the polar diameters of each tool seat 320, and calculate the tool spacing d1 between the first tool seat 320a and the second tool seat 320b, and the tool spacing d2 between the third tool seat 320c and the second tool seat 320b, d1=ρ2-ρ1, d2=ρ3-ρ2.

[0053] Next, calculate the height difference Δh of the plurality of roller cutters 321. The height difference between two adjacent roller cutters 321 is the product of the distance between the two adjacent roller cutters 321 and tanβ.

[0054] In this embodiment, Δh1=(ρ2-ρ1)tanβ=d1tanβ, Δh2=(ρ3-ρ2)tanβ=d2tanβ.

[0055] Finally, the cutter inclination angle α of each cutter 321 is adjusted.

[0056] S40. After the concrete is completely solidified, the cutter head structure 300 descends to ensure that the roller cutter 321 is in contact with the rock surface, and the outer cylinder 120 rotates to break the rock surface. During the rock breaking process, the cutter head structure 300 can apply different loading forces to the roller cutter 321.

[0057] S50. Change the horizontal angle β, polar angle θ, cutter spacing d and roller cutter inclination α of the scraper 241, repeat steps S10-S40, and explore the conical surface rotation rock breaking law under different rock surface inclination angles, roller cutter inclination angles and roller cutter spacings 321.

[0058] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-roller rotary cone rock breaking test device, characterized in that: include: A shaping structure (100) comprises an inner cylinder (110) and an outer cylinder (120), wherein the inner cylinder (110) is coaxial with the outer cylinder (120), the inner cylinder (110) is arranged inside the outer cylinder (120) and forms an annular cavity for pouring concrete with the outer cylinder (120), and the outer cylinder (120) is capable of self-rotation; A smoothing structure (200) for smoothing concrete to form a conical surface, arranged in the inner cylinder (110), comprising a mounting cylinder (210), the mounting cylinder (210) being coaxially fixedly connected to the inner cylinder (110), the inner cylinder (110) being provided with a rotating lifting assembly (220), a telescopic assembly (230) and a scraper assembly (240), the telescopic assembly (230) being arranged in a radial direction of the rotating lifting assembly (220), the scraper assembly (240) being arranged on the telescopic assembly (230), the telescopic assembly (230) driving the scraper assembly (240) to move in a radial direction of the rotating lifting assembly (220), and the scraper assembly (240) comprising a scraper (241) capable of changing a horizontal angle; A cutter disc structure (300) is arranged above the trowel structure (200); the cutter disc structure (300) is movable in a vertical direction; the cutter disc structure (300) comprises at least three cutter disc tracks (310); the plurality of cutter disc tracks (310) are arranged radially; the included angle between the cutter disc tracks (310) is a polar angle θ; a cutter seat (320) having a roller cutter (321) is arranged on each cutter disc track (310); the cutter seat (320) is capable of sliding relative to the cutter disc track (310) and being fixed on the cutter disc track (310); and the roller cutter inclination angle α of the roller cutter (321) is variable.

2. The multi-roller rotary cone rock breaking test device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The multi-roller rotary cone rock breaking test device also includes a top plate (400) and a bottom plate (500); A rotating unit (510) is disposed on the bottom plate (500), and the rotating unit (510) is connected to the outer cylinder (120) to drive the outer cylinder (120) to rotate. A first linear module is arranged on the top plate (400), and the first linear module is connected to the cutter disc structure (300) to drive the cutter disc structure (300) to rise and fall and to apply different loading forces to the roller cutter (321).

3. The multi-roller rotary cone rock breaking test device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The rotating and lifting assembly (220) comprises a rotating unit (221) and a lifting unit (222); the rotating unit (221) is arranged on the lifting unit (222); The lifting unit (222) comprises a fixed plate (222a), a movable plate (222b) arranged below the fixed plate (222a), and a second linear module (222c), wherein the second linear module (222c) drives the movable plate (222b) to move in a vertical direction; The rotating unit (221) is arranged on the movable plate (222b), and the rotating unit (221) comprises a rotating bin (221a) arranged above the mounting tube (210) and a main shaft (221b) arranged in the mounting tube (210); the upper end of the main shaft (221b) is arranged in the rotating bin (221a) along the axial direction of the rotating bin (221a) and is clearance-matched with the rotating bin (221a); ​​a side window (221c) is provided on the side of the rotating bin (221a); ​​and the telescopic assembly (230) is arranged in the side window (221c) and is connected to the main shaft (221b); The moving plate (222b) is provided with a first driving motor, and the first driving motor is used to drive the main shaft (221b) to rotate.

4. The multi-roller rotary cone rock breaking test device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The scraper assembly (240) further comprises a scraper bin (242), a storage bin (243) and a first connecting arm (244); the storage bin (243) is connected to the telescopic assembly (230); one end of the scraper bin (242) is connected to the storage bin (243); the scraper bin (242) and the storage bin (243) are relatively rotatable and fixed; the other end of the scraper bin (242) is hinged to the scraper (241); one end of the first connecting arm (244) is hinged to the scraper bin (242), and the other end is hinged to the scraper (241); The first connecting arm (244) is retractable.

5. The multi-roller rotary cone rock breaking test device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The telescopic assembly (230) comprises a second connecting arm (231) and a third connecting arm (232), the second connecting arm (231) and the third connecting arm (232) being hinged in an X shape, a connecting portion being provided at the upper end inside the rotating bin (221a), a first end of the second connecting arm (231) being hinged to the storage bin (243), and a second end being hinged to the main shaft (221b), and a first end of the third connecting arm (232) being hinged to the storage bin (243), and a second end being hinged to the connecting portion.

6. The multi-roller rotary cone rock breaking test device according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The cutter disc structure (300) further comprises a cutter disc (330), a cutter disc edge (340) being formed below the cutter disc (330), and a cutter disc annular cavity for accommodating the cutter disc track (310) being formed between the cutter disc edge (340) and the cutter disc (330); The cutter head structure (300) further includes a connecting member (350); The cutter disc rail (310) has a connecting end and a free end, the connecting member (350) is passed through the connecting end of each cutter disc rail (310) and fixes the polar angle θ between each cutter disc rail (310), the free end of each cutter disc rail (310) is arranged in the cutter disc annular cavity, and a padding block (360) is also arranged on the cutter disc edge (340), and a fixing bolt for fixing the padding block (360) to the cutter disc edge (340) is arranged on the padding block (360).

7. The multi-roller rotary cone rock breaking test device according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The knife seat (320) comprises side plates (322) and a knife seat base plate (323) arranged opposite to each other, the two side plates (322) being arranged on the knife seat base plate (323), a rotating shaft (324) passing through the side plates (322), a knife holder (325) for mounting a hob (321) being arranged between the two side plates (322), and the knife holder (325) being fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (324); A driving gear (326) connected to the rotating shaft (324) is also provided on the outer side of the side plate (322); the driving gear (326) is meshed with a driving rack (327); the driving rack (327) drives the rotating shaft (324) to rotate by translation, thereby changing the inclination angle α of the hob.

8. The multi-roller rotary cone rock breaking test device according to claim 7 is characterized in that: A cover body (328) is further provided on the outer side of the side plate (322), and the cover body (328) covers the driving gear (326) and the driving rack (327). The cover body (328) is provided with adjustment bolts (329) in opposite directions, and two of the adjustment bolts (329) are screwed onto the cover body (328). The two adjustment bolts (329) are used to abut against two ends of the length of the driving rack (327) to self-lock the driving rack (327).

9. A test method for a multi-roller rotary cone surface rock breaking test, using the multi-roller rotary cone surface rock breaking test device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: include: S10. Add concrete to the annular cavity and smooth the upper surface of the concrete to form a cone; S20. After the concrete is initially solidified, the leveling structure (200) and the inner tube (110) are removed; S30. Based on the test requirements, adjust the polar angle θ, the cutter spacing d of each hob (321), and the hob inclination angle α; S40. After the concrete is completely solidified, the cutter head structure (300) descends, and the outer cylinder (120) rotates to break the rock surface.

10. The test method for the rock breaking test with a multi-roller rotary cone according to claim 9, characterized in that: Obtaining the blade spacing d of the roller cutters (321) based on the polar diameter ρ of each roller cutter (321); Cutters (320) of different thicknesses are selected based on the cutter height differences of the roller cutters (321) to ensure that each roller cutter (321) is in contact with the rock surface.

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