Low-water-consumption formation charging process

Abstract

The invention relates to a low-water-consumption formation charging process. The process comprises the following steps: S1, clamping and fixing the end face of a semi-finished battery; s2, vacuumizing the inner cavity of the semi-finished battery, stopping vacuumizing when the vacuum degree of the inner cavity reaches delta 1, and injecting acid by adopting an acid injection nozzle until excessive acid is injected; s3, extracting excessive acid, and after acid extraction, lowering the liquid level to 0.3-0.5 time of the original liquid level before acid extraction; s4, vacuumizing the inner cavity of the semi-finished battery, stopping vacuumizing when the vacuum degree of the inner cavity reaches delta 2, and injecting acid by adopting an acid injection nozzle until excessive acid is injected; s5, extracting excessive acid, and after acid extraction, lowering the liquid level to 0.3-0.5 time of the original liquid level before acid extraction; s6, vacuumizing the inner cavity of the semi-finished battery, stopping vacuumizing when the vacuum degree of the inner cavity reaches delta 3, and injecting acid by adopting an acid injection nozzle until excessive acid is injected; and S7, extracting excessive acid, and carrying out charging formation. Compared with the prior art, acid filling is still needed when formation charging is carried out, the formation efficiency is improved, and water consumption is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of lead-acid batteries, and in particular to a low-water-consumption formation charging process. Background Art

[0002] AGM battery refers to a valve-regulated sealed lead-acid battery that uses ultra-fine glass fiber separator (AGM). It is widely used in automobile start-stop systems due to its excellent characteristics such as safety, maintenance-free and long life.

[0003] AGM batteries use ultra-fine glass fiber separators, the electrolyte is adsorbed in the separators, the pole groups are tightly assembled, and the internal pressure is relatively high. When filling acid, each single cell is usually completely evacuated by vacuuming, and the acid is allowed to penetrate into the AGM separator and the positive and negative plates. The battery can only be charged to achieve the reaction between the battery plates and sulfuric acid. In order to make the battery produce low water consumption, it is generally adjusted manually by adjusting the current at the end of the formation process, but this method has the following disadvantages: multiple acid replenishment is required; accurate control cannot be achieved; frequent manual adjustments are required; there is a certain hysteresis, and it can only be adjusted according to the results of the last water loss, and the problem of water loss fluctuations in the formation process cannot be completely solved.

[0004] In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a low water consumption formation charging process in order to overcome the problems of the prior art that multiple acid replenishments are required and the water consumption is large.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present application provides a low water consumption formation charging process, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1, clamping and fixing the end face of the semi-finished battery;

[0009] S2, vacuuming the inner cavity of the semi-finished battery, stopping when the vacuum degree of the inner cavity reaches δ1 and injecting acid using an acid injection nozzle until the acid is over-injected;

[0010] S3, extract excess acid, and the liquid level drops to 0.3-0.5 times the original level before acid extraction;

[0011] S4, vacuuming the inner cavity of the semi-finished battery, stopping when the vacuum degree of the inner cavity reaches δ2 and injecting acid using an acid injection nozzle until the acid is over-injected;

[0012] S5, extract the excess acid, and the liquid level drops to 0.3-0.5 times the original level before the acid extraction;

[0013] S6, vacuuming the inner cavity of the semi-finished battery, stopping when the vacuum degree of the inner cavity reaches δ3 and injecting acid using an acid injection nozzle until the acid is over-injected;

[0014] S7, extract excess acid and perform charging and formation.

[0015] Preferably, in step S2, a pressure P1 is applied to the inner cavity while injecting acid, and P1 is 30-50 kPa.

[0016] Preferably, in step S2, the acid injection rate is 10-20 ml / min.

[0017] Preferably, in step S2, the vacuum degree δ1 is 0.1-0.4.

[0018] Preferably, in step S2, the vacuum degree δ1 is 0.4.

[0019] Preferably, in step S4, a pressure P2 is applied to the inner cavity while injecting acid, and P2 is greater than P1.

[0020] Preferably, in step S4, the acid injection rate is 20-30 ml / min.

[0021] Preferably, in step S4, the vacuum degree δ2 is 0.1-0.4.

[0022] Preferably, in step S4, the vacuum degree δ2 is 0.3.

[0023] Preferably, in step S6, a pressure P3 is applied to the inner cavity while injecting acid, and P3 is greater than P2.

[0024] Preferably, in step S6, the acid injection rate is 30-40 ml / min.

[0025] Preferably, in step S6, the vacuum degree δ3 is 0.1-0.4.

[0026] Preferably, in step S6, the vacuum degree δ3 is 0.2.

[0027] Preferably, the density of the injected acid is 1.28-1.34 g / cm 3 .

[0028] Preferably, the temperature of the injected acid is -10°C to -5°C.

[0029] Preferably, the acid comprises 0.5%-1.5% sodium sulfate by mass.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention improves the battery formation process by applying positive pressure while filling acid under negative pressure to completely diffuse the filled acid, and in order to prevent a large number of bubbles from being generated by the applied positive pressure, excessive acid is simultaneously filled and continuously extracted, and the negative pressure is continuously combined with the positive pressure, and both the negative pressure and the positive pressure form a certain gradient, which is conducive to the removal of bubbles, and it is not necessary to fill the acid again when performing formation charging, and multiple excessive acid fillings avoid the problem of the temperature of the acid increasing during formation, thereby further improving the formation efficiency and reducing water consumption.

[0032] In addition, the present invention adopts a multi-stage speed-regulating perfusion system. In the initial stage of perfusion, the perfusion is performed at a relatively low speed so that the acid can slowly penetrate into the AGM separator. At the beginning, the perfusion speed is controlled at 10-20 ml / min, so that the acid has enough time to fully contact the separator. During the second acid filling, after a certain amount of acid accumulates at the bottom of the battery, the perfusion speed is increased to 20-30 ml / min. Furthermore, during the third acid filling, after more acid accumulates at the bottom of the battery, the perfusion speed is increased to 30-40 ml / min, so that the injected acid is more uniform and more conducive to charging and formation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the preparation method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0035] For ease of understanding of the present application, the present application will be described more fully below by way of embodiments. However, the present application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the understanding of the disclosure of the present application more thorough and comprehensive.

[0036] For simplicity, the present application only explicitly discloses some numerical ranges. However, any lower limit can be combined with any upper limit to form an unclearly recorded range; and any lower limit can be combined with other lower limits to form an unclearly recorded range, and any upper limit can be combined with any other upper limit to form an unclearly recorded range. In addition, although not clearly recorded, each point or single value between the range endpoints is included in the range. Thus, each point or single value can be combined with any other point or single value as its own lower limit or upper limit or with other lower limits or upper limits to form an unclearly recorded range.

[0037] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art of the present application. The terms used herein in the specification of the present application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application. It should be noted that, unless otherwise stated, the term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items, and "above", "below" include the number, and the meaning of "multiple" in "one or more" is more than two.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] See also Figure 1 This embodiment provides a low water consumption formation charging process, including the following steps:

[0040] S1, using a clamping tool to clamp and fix the end face of the semi-finished battery;

[0041] S2, the inner cavity of the semi-finished battery is vacuumed. When the vacuum degree of the inner cavity reaches 0.4, the process stops and acid is injected using an acid injection nozzle. The injection rate is 15 ml / min. During the injection, a pressure of 30 kPa is applied to the inner cavity. The density of the injected acid is 1.31 g / cm 3 , the temperature of the injected acid is -10°C until the acid is over-injected;

[0042] S3, extract excess acid, and the liquid level drops to 0.3 times the original level before acid extraction;

[0043] S4, the inner cavity of the semi-finished battery is vacuumed. When the vacuum degree of the inner cavity reaches 0.3, the process stops and acid is injected using an acid injection nozzle. The injection rate is 25 ml / min. During the injection, a pressure of 50 kPa is applied to the inner cavity. The density of the injected acid is 1.31 g / cm 3 , the temperature of the injected acid is -10°C until the acid is over-injected;

[0044] S5, extract the excess acid, and the liquid level drops to 0.5 times the original level before the acid extraction;

[0045] S6, the inner cavity of the semi-finished battery is vacuumed. When the vacuum degree of the inner cavity reaches 0.2, the process stops and acid is injected using an acid injection nozzle. The injection rate is 35 ml / min. During the injection, a pressure of 70 kPa is applied to the inner cavity. The density of the injected acid is 1.31 g / cm 3 , the temperature of the injected acid is -10°C until the acid is over-injected;

[0046] S7, extract excess acid and perform charging and formation.

[0047] It should be noted that the acid includes 1% by mass of sodium sulfate.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] See also Figure 1 This embodiment provides a low water consumption formation charging process, including the following steps:

[0050] S1, using a clamping tool to clamp and fix the end face of the semi-finished battery;

[0051] S2, the inner cavity of the semi-finished battery is vacuumed. When the vacuum degree of the inner cavity reaches 0.4, the process stops and acid is injected using an acid injection nozzle. The injection rate is 15 ml / min. During the injection, a pressure of 40 kPa is applied to the inner cavity. The density of the injected acid is 1.31 g / cm 3 , the temperature of the injected acid is -10°C until the acid is over-injected;

[0052] S3, extract excess acid, and the liquid level drops to 0.3 times the original level before acid extraction;

[0053] S4, the inner cavity of the semi-finished battery is vacuumed. When the vacuum degree of the inner cavity reaches 0.3, the process stops and acid is injected using an acid injection nozzle. The injection rate is 25 ml / min. During the injection, a pressure of 60 kPa is applied to the inner cavity. The density of the injected acid is 1.31 g / cm 3 , the temperature of the injected acid is -10°C until the acid is over-injected;

[0054] S5, extract the excess acid, and the liquid level drops to 0.5 times the original level before the acid extraction;

[0055] S6, the inner cavity of the semi-finished battery is vacuumed. When the vacuum degree of the inner cavity reaches 0.2, the process stops and acid is injected using an acid injection nozzle. The injection rate is 35 ml / min. During the injection, a pressure of 80 kPa is applied to the inner cavity. The density of the injected acid is 1.31 g / cm 3 , the temperature of the injected acid is -10°C until the acid is over-injected;

[0056] S7, extract excess acid and perform charging and formation.

[0057] It should be noted that the acid includes 1% by mass of sodium sulfate.

[0058] Example 3

[0059] See also Figure 1 This embodiment provides a low water consumption formation charging process, including the following steps:

[0060] S1, using a clamping tool to clamp and fix the end face of the semi-finished battery;

[0061] S2, the inner cavity of the semi-finished battery is vacuumed. When the vacuum degree of the inner cavity reaches 0.3, the process stops and acid is injected using an acid injection nozzle. The injection rate is 15 ml / min. During the injection, a pressure of 30 kPa is applied to the inner cavity. The density of the injected acid is 1.31 g / cm 3 , the temperature of the injected acid is -10°C until the acid is over-injected;

[0062] S3, extract excess acid, and the liquid level drops to 0.3 times the original level before acid extraction;

[0063] S4, the inner cavity of the semi-finished battery is vacuumed. When the vacuum degree of the inner cavity reaches 0.2, the process stops and the acid is injected using an acid injection nozzle. The injection rate is 25 ml / min. During the injection, a pressure of 50 kPa is applied to the inner cavity. The density of the injected acid is 1.31 g / cm 3 , the temperature of the injected acid is -10°C until the acid is over-injected;

[0064] S5, extract the excess acid, and the liquid level drops to 0.5 times the original level before the acid extraction;

[0065] S6, the inner cavity of the semi-finished battery is vacuumed. When the vacuum degree of the inner cavity reaches 0.1, the process stops and acid is injected using an acid injection nozzle. The injection rate is 35 ml / min. During the injection, a pressure of 70 kPa is applied to the inner cavity. The density of the injected acid is 1.31 g / cm 3 , the temperature of the injected acid is -10°C until the acid is over-injected;

[0066] S7, extract excess acid and perform charging and formation.

[0067] It should be noted that the acid includes 1% by mass of sodium sulfate.

[0068] Example 4

[0069] See also Figure 1 This embodiment provides a low water consumption formation charging process, including the following steps:

[0070] S1, using a clamping tool to clamp and fix the end face of the semi-finished battery;

[0071] S2, the inner cavity of the semi-finished battery is vacuumed. When the vacuum degree of the inner cavity reaches 0.4, the process stops and acid is injected using an acid injection nozzle. The injection rate is 15 ml / min. During the injection, a pressure of 30 kPa is applied to the inner cavity. The density of the injected acid is 1.31 g / cm 3 , the temperature of the injected acid is -10°C until the acid is over-injected;

[0072] S3, extract excess acid, and the liquid level drops to 0.4 times the original level before acid extraction;

[0073] S4, the inner cavity of the semi-finished battery is vacuumed. When the vacuum degree of the inner cavity reaches 0.3, the process stops and acid is injected using an acid injection nozzle. The injection rate is 25 ml / min. During the injection, a pressure of 50 kPa is applied to the inner cavity. The density of the injected acid is 1.31 g / cm 3 , the temperature of the injected acid is -10°C until the acid is over-injected;

[0074] S5, extract the excess acid, and the liquid level drops to 0.5 times the original level before the acid extraction;

[0075] S6, the inner cavity of the semi-finished battery is vacuumed. When the vacuum degree of the inner cavity reaches 0.2, the process stops and acid is injected using an acid injection nozzle. The injection rate is 35 ml / min. During the injection, a pressure of 70 kPa is applied to the inner cavity. The density of the injected acid is 1.31 g / cm 3 , the temperature of the injected acid is -10°C until the acid is over-injected;

[0076] S7, extract excess acid and perform charging and formation.

[0077] It should be noted that the acid includes 1% by mass of sodium sulfate.

[0078] Comparative Example 1

[0079] S1, using a clamping fixture to clamp and fix the end face of the semi-finished battery. It should be noted that the acid includes 1% sodium sulfate by mass;

[0080] S2, the inner cavity of the semi-finished battery is vacuumed. When the vacuum degree of the inner cavity reaches 0.4, the process stops and acid is injected using an acid injection nozzle. The injection rate is 15 ml / min. During the injection, a pressure of 30 kPa is applied to the inner cavity. The density of the injected acid is 1.31 g / cm 3 , the temperature of the injected acid is -10°C until the injected acid reaches 0.3 of the total amount;

[0081] S3, the inner cavity of the semi-finished battery is vacuumed. When the vacuum degree of the inner cavity reaches 0.3, the process stops and acid is injected using an acid injection nozzle. The injection rate is 25 ml / min. During the injection, a pressure of 50 kPa is applied to the inner cavity. The density of the injected acid is 1.31 g / cm 3 , the temperature of the injected acid is -10°C until the injected acid reaches 0.3 of the total amount;

[0082] S4, the inner cavity of the semi-finished battery is vacuumed. When the vacuum degree of the inner cavity reaches 0.2, the process stops and the acid is injected using an acid injection nozzle. The injection rate is 35 ml / min. During the injection, a pressure of 70 kPa is applied to the inner cavity. The density of the injected acid is 1.31 g / cm 3The temperature of the injected acid is -10°C until the acid is over-injected, the excess acid is extracted, and charging and formation are carried out. During charging and formation, the acid concentration is not enough and it is necessary to replenish the acid again. The time for charging and formation is longer than that of Examples 1 to 4.

[0083] Comparative Example 2

[0084] Compared with Example 1, the difference is that the acid injection speed is 15 ml / min, and the charging formation is performed. During the charging formation, the acid concentration is not enough, and the acid needs to be replenished again. The charging formation time is longer than that of Examples 1 to 4.

[0085] Comparative Example 3

[0086] Compared with Example 1, the difference is that the acid injection speed is 35 ml / min, and the charging formation is carried out. During the charging formation, the acid concentration is not enough, and the acid needs to be replenished again. The charging formation time is longer than that of Examples 1 to 4.

[0087] Comparative Example 4

[0088] Compared with Example 1, the difference is that the acid injection speed is 10 ml / min, and the charging formation is performed. During the charging formation, the acid concentration is not enough, and the acid needs to be replenished again. The charging formation time is longer than that of Examples 1 to 4.

[0089] As can be seen from the above, the present invention improves the battery formation process, by applying positive pressure while filling acid at negative pressure to diffuse the filled acid completely, and in order to prevent the positive pressure applied from generating a large number of bubbles, excessive acid is filled at the same time and continuously extracted, and the negative pressure is continuously combined with the positive pressure, and the negative pressure and the positive pressure are both in a certain gradient, which is conducive to the removal of bubbles, and it is not necessary to fill acid again when charging for formation, and multiple excessive acid fillings avoid the problem of the temperature of the acid increasing during formation, which further improves the formation efficiency and reduces water consumption. In addition, the use of a multi-stage speed-regulated filling system combined with negative pressure acid filling, positive pressure diffusion and the like is more conducive to the complete diffusion of the acid, which is conducive to charging and formation.

[0090] The above description of the embodiments is to facilitate the understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It is obvious that those skilled in the art can easily make various modifications to these embodiments and apply the general principles described herein to other embodiments without creative work. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention should be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low water consumption formation charging process, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, clamping and fixing the end face of the semi-finished battery; S2, vacuuming the inner cavity of the semi-finished battery, stopping when the vacuum degree of the inner cavity reaches δ1 and injecting acid using an acid injection nozzle until the acid is over-injected; S3, extract excess acid, and the liquid level drops to 0.3-0.5 times the original level before acid extraction; S4, vacuuming the inner cavity of the semi-finished battery, stopping when the vacuum degree of the inner cavity reaches δ2 and injecting acid using an acid injection nozzle until the acid is over-injected; S5, extract the excess acid, and the liquid level drops to 0.3-0.5 times the original level before the acid extraction; S6, vacuuming the inner cavity of the semi-finished battery, stopping when the vacuum degree of the inner cavity reaches δ3 and injecting acid using an acid injection nozzle until the acid is over-injected; S7, extract excess acid and perform charging and formation.

2. A low water consumption formation charging process according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, a pressure P1 is applied to the inner cavity while injecting acid, and P1 is 30-50 kPa.

3. A low water consumption formation charging process according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the acid injection rate is 10-20 ml / min.

4. A low water consumption formation charging process according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the vacuum degree δ1 is 0.1-0.

4.

5. A low water consumption formation charging process according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S4, a pressure P2 is applied to the inner cavity while injecting acid, and P2 is greater than P1.

6. A low water consumption formation charging process according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the vacuum degree δ2 is 0.1-0.

4.

7. A low water consumption formation charging process according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the acid injection rate is 20-30 ml / min.

8. A low water consumption formation charging process according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S6, a pressure P3 is applied to the inner cavity while injecting acid, and P3 is greater than P2.

9. A low water consumption formation charging process according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S6, the vacuum degree δ3 is 0.1-0.

4.

10. A low water consumption formation charging process according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S6, the acid injection rate is 30-40 ml / min; and / or, the density of the injected acid is 1.28-1.34 g / cm 3 ; And / or, the temperature of the injected acid is -10°C to -5°C.

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