Electric jet printing and laser etching combined machining device for conformal pattern of frequency selective surface for complex curved surface and control method of electric jet printing and laser etching combined machining device

Abstract

The invention discloses a frequency selective surface conformal pattern electric jet printing and laser etching combined machining device for a complex curved surface and a control method of the frequency selective surface conformal pattern electric jet printing and laser etching combined machining device, and belongs to the field of additive and subtractive combined machining and manufacturing, the device comprises a bed body module, a movement module, a jet printing module and a control module, and a numerical control G code program is generated through complex curved surface functional structure laying software; a machine tool driving box is controlled by an upper computer to be matched with a machine tool body and a movement module, accurate execution of a complex curved surface jet printing path in the jet printing-laser manufacturing process is completed, and on-demand manufacturing of functional structures of different types and different materials can be achieved by changing printing parameters of a flow field controller and an electric field controller in the jet printing module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of advanced manufacturing technology, and particularly designs an electrospray printing laser etching composite processing device and method for complex curved surfaces. Background Art

[0002] The frequency selective surface (FSS) conformal pattern on a complex surface is a periodic structure, the core of which is constructed by countless regularly arranged metal units. This structure has excellent control capabilities for electromagnetic waves due to its broadband characteristics, light material and design flexibility. Through design, the (FSS) conformal pattern can effectively realize the stealth function in different frequency bands, providing a powerful tool for the control of electromagnetic waves. It has been widely used in stealth technology, electromagnetic interference suppression and other fields, and has received widespread attention in recent years. The laser etching method can realize the direct processing of the (FSS) pattern onto the surface of the radome, which has the characteristics of higher temperature resistance, no restriction on the radome surface, and integrated process molding. However, it is easily affected by many factors such as laser power, irradiation angle and irradiation time, and the etching efficiency is low. The electrospray printing technology based on the principle of electrohydrodynamics processes the (FSS) pattern onto the surface of the radome, which has the advantages of good stability, high efficiency, high dimensional accuracy, etc. However, due to the complexity of the surface, it is technically challenging to accurately control the injection position and shape of the electronic material.

[0003] In view of the above problems, it is urgent to develop a frequency selective surface (FSS) conformal pattern preparation device and its control method, which should be easy to operate, high precision, high stability and wide applicability. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem of preparing frequency selective surface conformal patterns on complex surfaces with high precision, high consistency, high efficiency and high stability, and propose an improved composite processing device and a control method thereof.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, some embodiments of the present invention provide a frequency selective surface conformal pattern electrospray laser etching composite processing device for complex curved surfaces, which includes a bed module, a motion module, an electrospray laser composite module and a control module, wherein the electrospray laser composite module includes an electrospray module and a laser etching module; the bed module is used to realize the support and stability of the whole set of equipment, can adjust the posture position of the workpiece, and has five degrees of freedom to adjust the posture of the workpiece of any curved surface shape; the motion module is used to realize the positioning of the processing position, the movement and adjustment of the position during the actual processing process; the electrospray laser composite module is used to realize the processing of frequency selective surface (FSS) conformal pattern on complex curved surfaces. The control module is used to realize path control during the processing process.

[0006] Among them, the bed module includes a bed, a column, a slide, a saddle, and a support seat; the column is installed above the bed by bolts; the slide is installed on the X-axis slider on the upper surface of the column; the saddle is installed on the guide rail; the support seat is installed on the bed by bolts; the bed is the bearing foundation of the machine tool, which is provided for the installation of various components above the machine tool; the column and the support seat are the mounting supports of the B / C rotating axis, which play the role of fixing the B / C rotating axis; the slide is a bearing and sliding component, which determines the sliding of the X-axis and Y-axis, and bears the weight of the saddle and Z-axis; the saddle is the base for fixing the Z-axis, which plays a role of stability and sliding.

[0007] In some embodiments, the bed, columns, slides, saddles, and support seat components are all processed by casting to form a complete bed structure and provide installation support for other functional parts.

[0008] The motion module includes an X-axis, a Y-axis, a Z-axis, and a B / C rotation axis. Specifically: the X-axis linear guide in the X-axis is fixed on the upper surface of the column, the X-axis slider is fixed on the lower surface of the slide and cooperates with the X-axis linear guide to ensure smooth sliding; the Y-axis linear guide in the Y-axis is fixed on the lower surface of the saddle, the Y-axis slider is fixed on the upper surface of the slide and cooperates with the linear guide to ensure smooth sliding; the Z-axis linear guide in the Z-axis is fixed on the back of the pallet, the slider is fixed on the front surface of the saddle and cooperates with the Y-axis linear guide to ensure smooth sliding; the B / C rotation axis is fixed to the column by bolts and to the support seat by bolts. The above motion modules can be linked to each other to achieve five degrees of freedom movement and realize posture adjustment of complex curved surfaces.

[0009] The electro-spray laser composite module includes a printing module, a laser etching module, an auxiliary X / Y axis, an auxiliary Z axis, a micro-displacement gimbal, an observation camera, a measuring camera, a first adapter plate, a second adapter plate, and a third adapter plate. The auxiliary X / Y axis and the auxiliary Z axis are used for feedback adjustment of data measured by the visual module, real-time correction of the processing route, and fine-tuning during the processing. Specifically: the electro-spray module and the laser etching module are installed on the third adapter plate, the first connecting plate is connected to the auxiliary X / Y axis and the auxiliary Z axis, and the auxiliary X / Y axis is connected to the auxiliary Z axis through the second adapter plate. The auxiliary Z axis is fixed on the first adapter plate, and the first adapter plate is fixed to the support plate by bolts; the upper surface of the auxiliary X / Y axis is fixedly connected to the second adapter plate. The electro-spray module is fixed on the third adapter plate, and the third adapter plate is fixed to the lower surface of the auxiliary X / Y axis. The laser etching module is fixed on the third adapter plate; the observation camera is fixed on the third adapter plate through a micro-displacement stage, and is used to perform online image capture and measurement of the conformal pattern processed by the electro-jet laser composite module; the measurement camera is fixed on the third adapter plate through a micro-displacement stage, and is used to measure the height feature information of the curved surface in real time, and then use it to guide the movement of the electro-jet laser composite module. The above printing components are coordinated and cooperated through the industrial computer to complete the electro-fluid printing of functional materials.

[0010] Furthermore, the printing module includes a liquid storage unit, a data processing unit, a nozzle fixture, a nozzle, a laser emitting unit, a laser receiving unit, an electric control board, an XYZ three-axis small displacement gimbal, an L-shaped connecting plate, a height adjustment slider, an M1.6 countersunk slot, an aviation plug, and an air pipe adapter. Specifically: the liquid storage unit is a cylindrical structure, connected to the nozzle through the bottom thread, and is used to store functional ink. The nozzle fixture is used to accommodate and fix the nozzle, and a small hole is provided inside to accommodate and fix the metal probe. The probe is connected to the wire and contacts the nozzle made of metal material, and the electric control board is connected to the aviation plug to achieve conductivity. The nozzle consists of two parts: one is a transfer part used to cooperate with the nozzle fixture for fixing, the interior is a hollow structure, and is used for infusion, and the other is a replaceable needle tip. The laser emitting unit is used to emit laser, the laser receiving unit is used to receive the reflected laser, and the data processing unit is used to process the data fed back by the laser. The inclination angle of the laser emitting unit and the laser receiving unit to the horizontal plane is 45 degrees, and they are respectively placed on both sides of the nozzle. The M1.6 countersunk slot is connected and fixed with four M1.6 bolts to the height adjustment slider, which is used to fine-tune the nozzle height during processing. The L-shaped connecting plate is used as a connecting part between the height adjustment slider and the XYZ three-axis small displacement gimbal, which plays a role in fine-tuning the XYZ direction. The air pipe adapter is connected to the upper part of the liquid storage unit, connected to the air pipe, and the other end of the air pipe is connected to the flow field controller.

[0011] Furthermore, the laser etching module includes a laser, an optical device, a scanning head, a galvanometer, a field lens, and a connector. The laser beam is emitted by a UV picosecond laser, adjusted by an optical device and reflected into the scanning head, and the laser focal length, laser beam energy, and laser moving speed are adjusted by the galvanometer and the field lens to achieve high-precision etching work, and the whole is connected to the third adapter plate by a connector.

[0012] The control module includes a machine tool drive box, a printing module drive box, a laser module control box, an industrial computer, a flow field controller, an electric field controller and a host computer. The machine tool drive box controls the X-axis, Y-axis, Z-axis, and B / C rotation axis to achieve movement, communicates with the industrial computer, and realizes direct control of the machine tool drive box by the host computer; the printing module drive box controls the data processing unit and the XYZ three-axis small displacement gimbal to achieve parameter adjustment and motion control of the printing, and communicates with the industrial computer to realize direct control of the host computer; the output end of the flow field controller is connected to the liquid storage unit to realize the supply of driving force, and communicates with the industrial computer to realize direct control of the host computer; the output end of the electric field controller is connected to the electrostatic printing valve to realize the application of electrical parameters, and communicates with the industrial computer to realize direct control of the host computer; the host computer is connected to the industrial computer to realize real-time display. The above control modules cooperate with each other to realize on-demand printing and manufacturing of functional structures. The laser module drive box controls the laser etching module, which is used to adjust the focal length, etching power, scanning angle, etc. of the laser.

[0013] Furthermore, the laser etching module and the printing module work together and cooperate with each other, and through the auxiliary observation of the observation camera and the measurement camera, accurate positioning is performed to achieve the manufacture of high-precision conformal patterns.

[0014] Furthermore, the electrospray printing module also includes a shell, which is installed on the outside of the electrospray printing module and is opened during preparation to facilitate feeding and adjusting the position. When the preparation is completed and work begins, it is closed to prevent dust from falling in and affecting the accuracy, and to provide protection and support for the inside of the electrospray printing module.

[0015] Furthermore, the laser etching module is configured to adjust the laser power, the size of the laser focus spot, and the etching rate according to the size, thickness, and electrical performance requirements of the processed conformal pattern, so as to achieve an ideal etching effect.

[0016] Some other embodiments of the present application propose a method for performing a laser printing conformal processing using the above-mentioned complex curved surface frequency selective surface conformal pattern laser printing composite processing device, which comprises the following steps: Step 1: Clamp the workpiece to be processed on the workbench of the concentric turntable. After clamping, start the machine tool drive box and start the machine tool. Adjust the workpiece to be processed to the initial processing position. After confirming that the initial processing position is correct, move the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis to move the electrospray laser composite module to the initial processing position and wait for processing. Step 2: Import the model of the workpiece to be processed and the frequency selective surface (FSS) conformal pattern to be processed into the host computer, lay the frequency selective surface (FSS) conformal pattern array to be processed on the model of the workpiece to be processed in the host computer, generate the processing path and the starting and ending positions of the processing. The CNC G code path trajectory program is generated after processing by the industrial computer; Step 3: Install the printing functional material into the liquid storage unit, connect the output port of the flow field controller to the material storage tube liquid storage unit, connect the output port of the electric field controller to the electronic control board, and turn on the printing module driver box. Connect the laser module driver box to the laser, start the laser, start the observation camera, measurement camera, laser rangefinder, and open the corresponding camera observation window in the host computer; Step 4: Start the printing and laser etching composite processing control program in the host computer, and execute the CNC G code trajectory program generated by the industrial computer. First, the laser emitting unit and the laser receiving unit will measure the distance of the starting point, and perform real-time height compensation according to the distance measurement value. According to the functional structure type, the auxiliary X / Y axis and the auxiliary Z axis are used to perform the printing and laser etching process according to the generated path; Step 5: The host computer displays the current processing status in real time and records the defective position of the functional structure according to the real-time effect, so as to facilitate secondary accurate repair. The industrial computer controls the movement process of the printing module and the laser etching module according to the program to process different conformal functional structures on different curved surface workpieces.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention include: First, in the composite processing equipment provided by the present invention, the X-axis, Y-axis, Z-axis, B / C rotation axis and the bed module together constitute a five-axis machine tool. The five-axis motion machine tool can adjust the posture position of the workpiece during the printing process. It has five degrees of freedom and can adjust the posture of any curved surface shape. On the basis of five-axis motion, the electrospray printing module moves the electrospray printing valve to the specified position to start the printing work, and at the same time, the laser etcher works in coordination. Due to the diversity of functional structure and size of conformal patterns, different parameters of printing can be used in conjunction with lasers.

[0018] Second, in order to compensate for the morphological error of the workpiece surface to meet the requirements of conformal manufacturing, the present invention performs in-situ measurement of the workpiece surface before the start of composite processing, and compensates the measured data into the actual height during the processing to achieve high-precision conformal manufacturing.

[0019] Third, in order to realize online pre-curing of the printed functional structure, the power of the laser etcher can be adjusted first so that the pattern can be cured. Pre-curing is achieved according to the printing path. In the process of composite processing, a professional CNC G code program is generated by the path planning software, which ensures high stability and controllability during the printing process.

[0020] Fourth, the electrojet printing valve uses professionally developed flow field controller and electric field controller for parameter adjustment, achieving high-precision and high-efficiency printing of multiple materials on demand.

[0021] Fifth, the equipment and method proposed in this application should be compatible with various types of metal units, significantly reducing the breakage rate of units during the preparation process, thereby ensuring that the preparation of conformal patterns is more accurate and reliable. Under the synergistic effect of laser etching and electrospray printing, the resolution of conformal pattern preparation is improved by adjusting the electrical parameters and the laser etching angle, and the preparation of different conformal patterns on complex surfaces is realized, solving the current problem of high-precision and high-efficiency preparation of frequency selective surface (FSS) conformal patterns on complex surfaces.

[0022] In summary, the equipment and method of the present invention have the advantages of reliable structure, high manufacturing efficiency, high processing accuracy, wide material applicability, and path automation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the electrospray printing and laser etching composite processing and manufacturing device for frequency selective surface conformal pattern structure for complex curved surfaces according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electrospray laser composite module in the device.

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laser etching module in the device.

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the workpiece and the B / C rotating axis in the device.

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the installation positions of the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis sliders and linear guide rails in the device.

[0028] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the printing module in the device.

[0029] In the figure: 1 bed module; 2 motion module; 3 electrospray laser composite module; 4 control module; 11 bed; 12 column; 13 slide seat; 14 saddle seat; 15 support seat; 111 bolt; 112 bolt; 113 turntable; 114 workpiece; 115 bolt; 116 bolt; 21 X axis; 22 Y axis; 23 Z axis; 24 B / C rotation axis; 211 X axis linear guide; 212 X axis slider; 221 Y axis slider; 222 Y axis linear guide; 231 Z axis slider; 232 Z axis linear guide; 31 printing module; 32 laser Photolithography module; 33 auxiliary X / Y axis; 34 auxiliary Z axis; 35 micro displacement gimbal; 36 observation camera; 37 measuring camera; 38 bolt; 310 support plate; 311 liquid storage unit; 312 data processing unit; 313 nozzle fixing part; 314 nozzle; 315 laser emitting unit; 316 laser receiving unit; 317 electric control board; 318 XYZ three-axis small displacement gimbal; 319 L-type connecting plate; 3110 height adjustment slider; 3111 M1.6 countersunk slot; 3112 aviation plug; 3113 air pipe adapter. 321 laser; 322 optical device; 323 scanning head; 324 galvanometer; 325 field mirror; 326 connecting seat; 391 first adapter plate; 392 second adapter plate; 393 third adapter plate; 41 machine tool drive box; 42 printing module drive box; 43 laser module drive box; 44 industrial computer; 45 flow field controller; 46 electric field controller; 47 host computer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the specific implementation modes of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] In general, some embodiments of the present application propose a frequency selective surface conformal pattern electrospray printing and laser etching composite processing device for complex surfaces, which includes a bed module 1, a motion module 2, an electrospray laser composite module 3 and a control module 4; the bed module 1 is used to support and stabilize the equipment and adjust the posture of the workpiece with a curved surface shape, and the bed module 1 has five degrees of freedom to adjust the posture of the workpiece with a curved surface shape; the motion module 2 is used to locate the processing position of the workpiece with a curved surface shape, as well as to move and adjust the position of the workpiece with a curved surface shape during the actual processing; the electrospray laser composite module 3 includes an electrospray printing module 31 and a laser etching module 32; the laser etching module 32 works together with the printing module 31 to process a frequency selective surface conformal pattern on the workpiece with a curved surface shape according to a path; the control module 4 is used to control the path.

[0032] Specifically, the bed module 1 includes a bed 11, a column 12, a slide 13, a saddle 14 and a support seat 15; the column 12 is installed above the bed 11, the slide 13 is installed on the X-axis slider 212 on the upper surface of the column 12, the saddle 14 is installed on the guide rail 222, and the support seat 15 is installed on the bed 11; the bed 11 serves as the bearing base of the machine tool, the column 12 and the support seat 15 are mounting supports for the B / C rotating axis 24; the slide 13 is used to realize the sliding of the X-axis 21 and the Y-axis 22, and at the same time bears the weight of the saddle 14 and the Z-axis 23; the saddle 14 is a base for fixing the Z-axis 23, which plays a role of stability and sliding.

[0033] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the motion module 2 includes an X-axis 21, a Y-axis 22, a Z-axis 23, and a B / C rotation axis 24; the X-axis linear guide 211 in the X-axis 21 is fixed on the upper surface of the column 12, and the X-axis slider 212 is fixed on the lower surface of the slide 13 and cooperates with the X-axis linear guide 211 to ensure smooth sliding; the Y-axis linear guide 222 in the Y-axis 22 is fixed on the lower surface of the saddle 14, and the Y-axis slider 221 is fixed on the upper surface of the slide 13 and cooperates with the linear guide 222 to ensure smooth sliding; the Z-axis linear guide 232 in the Z-axis 23 is fixed on the back of the support plate 310, and the slider 231 is fixed on the front surface of the saddle 14 and cooperates with the Y-axis linear guide 232 to ensure smooth sliding; the B / C rotation axis 24 is fixed to the column 12 by screws 116 and fixed to the support seat 15 by screws 111 and 112; the above motion modules can be linked to each other to achieve five degrees of freedom movement and realize the posture adjustment of complex curved surfaces. The B / C rotating shaft 24 includes a turntable 113 , which supports a workpiece to be processed, also referred to as a workpiece.

[0034] like Figure 2As shown, in addition to the electro-jet printing module 31 and the laser etching module 32, the electro-jet printing laser composite module 3 also includes an auxiliary X / Y axis 33, an auxiliary Z axis 34, a micro-displacement pan / tilt 35, an observation camera 36, ​​and a measuring camera 37; a first adapter plate 391, a second adapter plate 392, and a third adapter plate 393, the auxiliary X / Y / Z axis is used to make feedback adjustments based on the data measured by the measuring camera, to correct the processing route in real time, and to be used for fine-tuning during the processing; the first connecting plate 391 is connected to the auxiliary X / Y axis 33, and the auxiliary X / Y axis 33 is connected to the auxiliary Z axis 34 through the second adapter plate 392; the auxiliary Z axis 34 is fixed on the first adapter plate 391, and the first adapter plate 392 is connected to the auxiliary Z axis 34. The plate 391 is fixed to the support plate 310; the upper surface of the auxiliary X / Y axis 33 is fixedly connected to the second adapter plate 392; the electrospray printing module 31 and the laser etching module 32 are fixed on the third adapter plate 393, and the third adapter plate 393 is fixed to the lower surface of the auxiliary X / Y axis 33; the observation camera 36 is fixed to the third adapter plate 393 through the micro-displacement pan-tilt table 35, and is used to perform online image shooting and measurement of the conformal pattern processed by the electrospray printing laser composite module; the measurement camera 37 is fixed to the third adapter plate 393 through the micro-displacement pan-tilt table 35, and is used to measure the height feature information of the curved surface in real time, and then use this as a guide for the movement of the electrospray printing laser composite module.

[0035] like Figure 2 , Figure 6As shown, the printing module 31 includes a liquid storage unit 311, a data processing unit 312, a nozzle fixing part 313, a nozzle 314, a laser emitting unit 315, a laser receiving unit 316, an electric control board 317, an XYZ three-axis small displacement gimbal 318, an L-shaped connecting plate 319, a height adjustment slider 3110, a countersunk slot 3111, an aviation plug 3112, and an air pipe adapter 3113; the liquid storage unit 311 is a cylindrical structure, and the bottom is connected to the nozzle 314 for storing functional ink; the nozzle fixing part 313 is used to accommodate and fix the nozzle 5, and a small hole is provided inside to accommodate and fix the metal probe, the probe is connected to the wire and contacts with the metal nozzle, and the electric control board 317 is connected to the aviation plug 3112 to achieve conductivity; the nozzle 314 is composed of two parts: a transfer part used to cooperate with the nozzle fixing part for fixing and a replaceable needle tip, The interior of the adapter part is a hollow structure for infusion; the laser emitting unit 315 is used to emit laser, and the laser receiving unit 316 is used to receive reflected laser; the data processing unit 312 is used to process the data fed back by the laser; the laser emitting unit 315 and the laser receiving unit 316 are both inclined at an angle of 45 degrees to the horizontal plane, and are respectively placed on both sides of the nozzle 314; the countersunk slot 3111 is connected and fixed with a height adjustment slider 3110 by bolts, and the height adjustment slider 3110 is used to fine-tune the height of the nozzle during processing; the L-shaped connecting plate 319 serves as a connecting part between the height adjustment slider 3110 and the XYZ three-axis small displacement gimbal 318, and the XYZ axis small displacement gimbal 318 plays a role in fine-tuning the XYZ three directions; the air pipe adapter 3113 is connected to the upper part of the liquid storage unit 311, connected to the air pipe, and the other end of the air pipe is connected to the flow field controller 45.

[0036] like Figure 3 As shown, the laser etching module 32 includes a laser 321, an optical device 322, a scanning head 323, a galvanometer 324, a field lens 325, and a connection seat 326; the laser beam is emitted by the ultraviolet picosecond laser 321, adjusted by the optical device 322 and reflected into the scanning head 323, and the laser focal length, laser beam energy, and laser moving speed are adjusted by the galvanometer 324 and the field lens 325 to achieve high-precision etching work, and the whole is connected to the third adapter plate 393 by the connection seat 326. The laser etching module 32 is configured to adjust the power of the laser 321, the size of the laser focus spot, and the etching rate according to the size, thickness, and electrical performance requirements of the processed conformal pattern.

[0037] The control module 4 includes a machine tool drive box 41, a printing module drive box 42, a laser module control box 43, an industrial computer 44, a flow field controller 45, an electric field controller 46 and a host computer 47; the machine tool drive box 41 controls the X-axis 21, the Y-axis 22, the Z-axis 23, and the B / C rotating axis 24 to achieve movement, communicates with the industrial computer 44, and realizes direct control of the machine tool drive box 41 by the host computer 47; the printing module drive box 42 controls the data processing unit 312 and the XYZ three-axis small displacement gimbal 318 to achieve parameter adjustment and motion control of printing, and communicates with the industrial computer 44 to realize direct control of the host computer 47 The output end of the flow field controller 45 is connected to the liquid storage unit 311 to realize the supply of driving force, and communicates with the industrial computer 44 to realize the direct control of the host computer 47; the output end of the electric field controller 46 is connected to the electrostatic spray valve to realize the application of electrical parameters, and communicates with the industrial computer 44 to realize the direct control of the host computer 47; the host computer 47 is connected to the industrial computer 44 to realize real-time display; the above control modules cooperate with each other to realize the on-demand printing and manufacturing of functional structures; the laser module drive box 43 controls the laser etching module 32 to adjust the focal length, etching power and / or scanning angle of the laser.

[0038] In some embodiments, the bed 11, the column 12, the slide 13, the saddle 14 and the support seat 15 are all processed by casting to form a complete bed structure.

[0039] The present application also proposes a control method for any of the above-mentioned frequency selective surface conformal pattern electrojet printing laser etching composite processing devices for complex curved surfaces, and adopts the conformal pattern electrojet printing laser etching composite processing equipment to perform printing laser conformal processing, including the following steps: Step 1: Clamp the workpiece 114 to be processed on the workbench of the concentric turntable 113, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, after clamping is completed, the machine tool drive box 41 is started and the machine tool is started, and the workpiece 114 to be processed is adjusted to the initial processing position. After confirming that the initial processing position is correct, the X-axis 21, the Y-axis 22, and the Z-axis 23 are moved to move the electrospray laser composite module 3 to the initial processing position to wait for processing; Step 2: Import the model of the workpiece 114 to be processed and the frequency selective surface conformal pattern to be processed into the host computer 47, lay the frequency selective surface conformal pattern array to be processed on the model of the workpiece 114 to be processed in the host computer 47, generate the processing path and the processing start position and end position; generate the CNC G code path trajectory program through processing by the industrial computer 44; Step 3: Install the printing functional material into the liquid storage unit 311, connect the output port of the flow field controller 45 to the material storage tube liquid storage unit 311, connect the output port of the electric field controller 46 to the electric control board 317, and open the printing module drive box; connect the laser module drive box 43 to the laser 321, start the laser 321, start the observation camera 36, ​​the measuring camera 37, and the laser rangefinder, and open the corresponding camera observation window in the host computer 47; Step 4: Start the printing and laser etching composite processing control program in the host computer 47, and execute the CNC G code trajectory program generated by the industrial computer 44. First, the laser emitting unit 315 and the laser receiving unit 316 will measure the distance of the starting point, and perform real-time height compensation according to the distance measurement value. According to the functional structure type, with the help of the auxiliary X / Y axis 33 and the auxiliary Z axis 34, the printing and laser etching process is performed according to the generated path, including first importing the pattern to be etched into the control system of the laser etcher, placing the material to be processed on the workbench of the laser etcher, and ensuring that its position is fixed and stable; according to the type and thickness of the material, adjust the parameters of the laser, such as power, frequency, etc.; according to the preset path, start the laser head for precise irradiation, so as to realize graphic engraving; according to the preset path, start the laser head for precise irradiation; the laser beam produces a physical or chemical reaction locally on the surface of the material, so as to realize graphic engraving; Step 5: The host computer 47 displays the current processing status in real time and records the defective position of the functional structure according to the real-time effect, so as to facilitate secondary precise repair; the industrial computer 44 controls the movement process of the printing module 31 and the laser etching module 32 according to the program to process different conformal functional structures on different curved workpieces.

[0040] In a specific embodiment, Figure 1As shown, the machine tool bed 1 is composed of four parts, namely, the bed 11, the column 12, the slide 13, and the saddle 14. From the installation position, from bottom to top, they are the bed 11, the column 12, the slide 13, and the saddle 14. This is the supporting skeleton of the machine tool, all of which are processed by casting technology, which determines the stability and accuracy of the machine tool. In addition, the installation positions of the X-axis 21, the Y-axis 22, the Z-axis 23, and the B / C rotating axis 24 are reserved at the corresponding parts of these components. The bed 11 is at the bottom, the column 12 is installed above the bed 11 through bolts 115, the column 12 is connected to the slide 13 through the X-axis 21 and is located below the slide 13, the saddle 14 is connected to the slide 13 through the Y-axis 22 and is located above the slide 13, the Z-axis 23 is located on the front surface of the saddle 14 and carries the electrospray laser composite module 3 through the pallet 310, and the B / C rotating axis 24 is installed on the column 12 and the support seat 15. The machine tool drive box 41 is respectively connected to the X-axis 21, Y-axis 22, Z-axis 23, and B / C rotating axis 24 to realize power supply and motion control for the motor module. Through the linkage cooperation among the five axes, the five-degree-of-freedom processing of the machine tool is realized, solving the device problem of conformal manufacturing of complex curved surface functional structures.

[0041] like Figure 2As shown, the electrospray laser composite module 3 is not only an important component of the overall device but also determines the quality of the conformal pattern functional structure. The liquid storage unit 311 is connected to the nozzle 315 through the bottom thread for storing functional ink. The nozzle fixture 313 has a complex chamber structure inside, which is used to accommodate and fix the nozzle 5. At the same time, a small hole is provided inside to accommodate and fix the metal probe. The probe is connected to the wire and contacts the nozzle made of metal material. The electric control board 317 is connected to the aviation plug 3112 to achieve conductivity. The nozzle 315 consists of two parts, one is a transfer part used to cooperate with the nozzle fixture for fixing, the interior is a hollow structure for infusion, and the other is a replaceable needle tip. The laser emitting unit 315 is used to emit laser, the laser receiving unit 316 is used to receive the reflected laser, and the data processing unit 312 is used to process the data fed back by the laser. The inclination angle of the laser emitting unit 315 and the laser receiving unit 316 with the horizontal plane is 45 degrees, and they are respectively placed on both sides of the nozzle. The M1.6 countersunk slot 3111 is connected and fixed with four M1.6 bolts to the height adjustment slider 3110. The L-shaped connecting plate 319 is used as a connecting part between the height adjustment slider 3110 and the XYZ three-axis small displacement gimbal 318, and the XYZ axis small displacement gimbal 318 plays the role of fine-tuning in the XYZ direction. The front end of the laser 321 is sequentially connected to the optical device 322, the scanning head 323, the galvanometer 324 and the field lens 325, and the rear end connection seat 326 is connected to the third adapter plate 393. The laser 321 can be an ultraviolet picosecond laser 321. The laser beam is emitted by the laser 321, adjusted by the optical device 322 and reflected into the scanning head 323, and the laser focal length, laser beam energy, and laser moving speed are adjusted by the galvanometer 324 and the field lens 325 to achieve high-precision etching. Before starting the processing work, install the liquid storage unit 311 in the printing module, and connect the flow field controller and the electric field controller. At the same time, turn on the laser emitting unit 315, the laser receiving unit 316 and the data processing unit 312, the measuring camera 36, ​​the observation camera 37, and the laser 321. The observation camera 36 can be used to quickly locate the starting point of the work, and the laser emitting unit 315, the laser receiving unit 316 and the data processing unit 312 can be used to compensate for the surface morphology error of the workpiece.

[0042] The industrial computer 44 is connected with the machine tool drive box 41, the printing module drive box 42, the flow field controller 45, the electric field controller 46, and the host computer 47. The host computer 47 can control the movement of the machine tool through the CNC G code program of the functional structure completed by post-processing; control the printing module drive box 42 through the electrofluid printing software to realize the operation of the electrofluid printing module; control the flow field controller 45 to provide a stable driving force for the liquid storage unit 311 to achieve the appropriate amount of functional material; control the electric field controller 46 to create a high-voltage electric field for the electric control board 317 to achieve the formation of a cone jet. On the basis of the above, the G code program of the five-axis machine tool will be used to print and manufacture complex curved surface functional structures.

[0043] The electrojet laser composite processing method using the above-mentioned complex curved surface conformal pattern electrojet laser composite processing device comprises the following steps: Step 1: Clamp the workpiece 114 to be processed on the workbench of the concentric turntable 113. After clamping, start the machine tool drive box 41 and start the machine tool. Adjust the workpiece 114 to be processed to the initial processing position. After confirming that the initial processing position is correct, move the X-axis 21, Y-axis 22, and Z-axis 23 to move the electrospray laser composite module 3 to the initial processing position and wait for processing.

[0044] Step 2: Import the model of the workpiece 114 to be processed and the frequency selective surface (FSS) conformal pattern to be processed into the host computer 47, lay the frequency selective surface (FSS) conformal pattern array to be processed on the model of the workpiece 114 to be processed in the host computer 47, generate the processing path and the processing start position and end position. The CNC G code path trajectory program is generated after processing by the industrial computer 44.

[0045] Step 3: Install the printing functional material into the liquid storage unit 311, connect the output port of the flow field controller 45 to the material storage tube liquid storage unit 311, connect the output port of the electric field controller 6 to the electric control board 317, and open the printing module drive box. Connect the laser module drive box 43 to the laser 321, start the laser 321, start the observation camera 36, ​​the measuring camera 37, and the laser rangefinder, and open the corresponding camera observation window in the host computer 47.

[0046] Step 4: Start the printing and laser etching composite processing control program in the host computer 47, and execute the CNC G code trajectory program generated by the industrial computer 44. First, the laser emitting unit 315 and the laser receiving unit 316 will measure the distance of the starting point, and perform real-time height compensation according to the distance measurement value. According to the functional structure type, with the help of the auxiliary X / Y axis 33 and the auxiliary Z axis 34, the printing and laser etching process is performed according to the generated path, for example, including first importing the pattern to be etched into the control system of the laser etcher, placing the material to be processed on the workbench of the laser etcher, and ensuring that its position is fixed and stable; according to the type and thickness of the material, adjust the parameters of the laser, such as power, frequency, etc.; according to the preset path, start the laser head for precise irradiation, so as to realize graphic engraving; according to the preset path, start the laser head for precise irradiation; the laser beam produces a physical or chemical reaction locally on the surface of the material, so as to realize graphic engraving.

[0047] Step 5: The host computer 47 displays the current processing status in real time and records the defective position of the functional structure according to the real-time effect, so as to facilitate secondary accurate repair. The industrial computer 44 controls the movement process of the printing module 31 and the laser etching module 32 according to the program to process different conformal functional structures on different curved surface workpieces.

[0048] Before performing the printing and laser etching composite processing, the workpiece 114 should first be firmly mounted on the turntable 113 and the turntable 113 should be adjusted horizontally, and then the starting point for printing and manufacturing is determined. The current workpiece 114 model is imported into the host computer 7, and the functional structure is laid on the surface of the workpiece 14. After the path planning and teaching, the path planning code is generated, and then the final printing control CNC G code is generated through post-processing. The G code is passed to the host computer 47, and the start printing instruction is sent to the machine tool drive box 41, the printing module drive box 42, the flow field controller 45, and the electric field controller 46. The laser etching instruction is sent to the machine tool drive box 41, the laser module drive box 43, and the electric field controller 46, and then the complex curved surface functional structure will be prepared on demand according to the workpiece requirements.

[0049] In summary, the present invention provides a device and method for electro-jet laser etching composite processing of frequency selective surface conformal patterns on complex surfaces, which solves the technical requirements for high-precision, high-consistency, high-efficiency and high-stability preparation of frequency selective surface (FSS) conformal patterns on complex surfaces. The proposed device and method for electro-jet printing of complex surface functional structures in coordination with a laser etcher has innovatively designed a special printing machine for complex surface substrates. Through the coordination of five-axis motion adjustment and multi-functional printing modules, it can realize multi-material, high-precision, high-efficiency and non-destructive manufacturing of functional structures. It has the characteristics of full-process automation of printing, fast molding and high efficiency, and has good application prospects in the fields of precision machining, micro-nano machining and so on.

[0050] The present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and any equivalent concepts or changes within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A frequency selective surface conformal pattern electrospray printing and laser etching composite processing device for complex curved surfaces, characterized by: include A bed module (1), a motion module (2), an electrospray laser composite module (3) and a control module (4); The bed module (1) is used to support and stabilize the device and adjust the posture of a workpiece with a curved surface. The bed module (1) has five degrees of freedom to adjust the posture of the workpiece with a curved surface. The motion module (2) is used to locate the processing position of the workpiece with a curved surface shape, and to move and adjust the position of the workpiece with a curved surface shape during the actual processing; The electrojet laser composite module (3) comprises an electrojet printing module (31) and a laser etching module (32); the laser etching module (32) and the electrojet printing module (31) cooperate to process a frequency selective surface conformal pattern on the workpiece with the curved surface shape according to a path; The control module (4) is used to implement control of the path.

2. The frequency selective surface conformal pattern electrospray printing and laser etching composite processing device for complex curved surfaces according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bed module (1) comprises a bed (11), a column (12), a slide (13), a saddle (14) and a support seat (15); the column (12) is mounted above the bed (11), the slide (13) is mounted on an X-axis slider (212) on the upper surface of the column (12), the saddle (14) is mounted on the guide rail (222), and the support seat (15) is mounted on the bed (11); the bed (11) serves as a bearing base for the machine tool, the column (12) and the support seat (15) are mounting supports for a B / C rotating axis (24); the slide (13) is used to realize the sliding of the X-axis (21) and the Y-axis (22), and at the same time bears the weight of the saddle (14) and the Z-axis (23); the saddle (14) is a base for fixing the Z-axis (23).

3. The frequency selective surface conformal pattern electrospray printing and laser etching composite processing device for complex curved surfaces according to claim 1, characterized in that: The motion module (2) comprises an X-axis (21), a Y-axis (22), a Z-axis (23), and a B / C rotation axis (24); an X-axis linear guide rail (211) in the X-axis (21) is fixed to the upper surface of the column (12), an X-axis slider (212) is fixed to the lower surface of the slide seat (13) and cooperates with the X-axis linear guide rail (211) to ensure smooth sliding; a Y-axis linear guide rail (222) in the Y-axis (22) is fixed to the lower surface of the saddle seat (14), and the Y-axis slider (221) is fixed to the lower surface of the saddle seat (14). The Z-axis linear guide (232) of the Z-axis (23) is fixed on the upper surface of the slide seat (13) and cooperates with the linear guide rail (222) to ensure smooth sliding. The Z-axis linear guide rail (232) of the Z-axis (23) is fixed on the back of the support plate (310), and the slider (231) is fixed on the front surface of the saddle seat (14) and cooperates with the Y-axis linear guide rail (232) to ensure smooth sliding. The B / C rotating shaft (24) is fixed to the column (12) and the support seat (15). The above motion modules can be linked to each other to achieve five degrees of freedom.

4. The frequency selective surface conformal pattern electrospray printing and laser etching composite processing device for complex curved surfaces according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrospray laser composite module (3) further comprises an auxiliary X / Y axis (33), an auxiliary Z axis (34), a micro-displacement platform (35), an observation camera (36), a measuring camera (37), a first adapter plate (391), a second adapter plate (392), and a third adapter plate (393); the auxiliary X / Y / Z axis is used for feedback adjustment of data measured by the visual module, real-time correction of the processing route, and fine-tuning during the processing process; the first connecting plate (391) is connected to the auxiliary X / Y axis (33), and the auxiliary X / Y axis (33) is connected to the auxiliary Z axis (34) via the second adapter plate (392); the auxiliary Z axis (34) is fixed on the first adapter plate (391), and the first adapter plate (391) is fixed to the auxiliary Z axis (34). The support plate (310) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the auxiliary X / Y axis (33) and the second adapter plate 392; the electrospray printing module (31) and the laser etching module (32) are fixed on the third adapter plate (393), and the third adapter plate (393) is fixed to the lower surface of the auxiliary X / Y axis (33); the observation camera (36) is fixed to the third adapter plate (393) via a micro-displacement platform (35) and is used to perform online image capture and measurement of the conformal pattern processed by the spray laser composite module; the measurement camera (37) is fixed to the third adapter plate (393) via a micro-displacement platform (35) and is used to measure the height feature information of the curved surface in real time, and then use this as a guide for the movement of the spray laser composite module.

5. The frequency selective surface conformal pattern electrospray printing and laser etching composite processing device for complex curved surfaces according to claim 4, characterized in that: The printing module (31) comprises a liquid storage unit (311), a data processing unit (312), a nozzle fixing part (313), a special nozzle (314), a laser emitting unit (315), a laser receiving unit (316), an electric control board (317), an XYZ three-axis small displacement gimbal (318), an L-shaped connecting plate (319), a height adjustment slider (3110), a countersunk slot (3111), an aviation plug (3112), and an air pipe adapter (3113); the storage unit (311) The liquid unit (311) is a cylindrical structure, and the bottom is connected to a special nozzle (314) for storing functional ink; the nozzle fixing part (313) is used to accommodate and fix the nozzle (5), and a small hole is arranged inside to accommodate and fix a metal probe, the probe is connected to a wire and contacts the nozzle made of metal, and the electric control board (317) is connected to an aviation plug (3112) to achieve conductivity; the special nozzle (314) is composed of two parts: a transition part used to cooperate with the nozzle fixing part for fixation and a replaceable needle tip, and the interior of the transition part is a hollow structure for infusion; the laser emitting unit (315) is used to emit laser, and the laser receiving unit (316) is used to receive reflected laser; the data processing unit (312) is used to process laser feedback data; the laser emitting unit (315) and the laser receiving unit (316) are both inclined at an angle of 45 degrees to the horizontal plane, and are respectively placed on both sides of the nozzle (314); the countersunk slot (3111) is connected and fixed by bolts for height adjustment The slider (3110) is used for fine-tuning the height of the nozzle during the processing; the L-shaped connecting plate (319) is used as a connecting part between the height adjustment slider (3110) and the XYZ three-axis small displacement gimbal (318); the XYZ axis small displacement gimbal (318) plays a role of fine-tuning in the three directions of XYZ; the air pipe adapter (3113) is connected to the upper part of the liquid storage unit (311) and connected to the air pipe, and the other end of the air pipe is connected to the flow field controller (45).

6. The frequency selective surface conformal pattern electrospray printing laser etching composite processing device for complex curved surfaces according to claim 4, characterized in that: The laser etching module (32) comprises a laser (321), an optical device (322), a scanning head (323), a galvanometer (324), a field lens (325), and a connecting seat (326); the laser beam is emitted by the ultraviolet picosecond laser (321), adjusted by the optical device (322) and reflected into the scanning head (323), and high-precision etching is achieved by adjusting the laser focal length, laser beam energy, and laser movement speed through the galvanometer (324) and the field lens (325); the whole is connected to the third adapter plate (393) by the connecting seat (326).

7. The frequency selective surface conformal pattern electrospray printing and laser etching composite processing device for complex curved surfaces according to claim 2, characterized in that: The laser etching module (32) is configured to adjust the power of the laser (321), the size of the laser focus spot, and the etching rate according to the size, thickness, and electrical performance requirements of the processed conformal pattern.

8. The frequency selective surface conformal pattern electrospray printing and laser etching composite processing device for complex curved surfaces according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control module (4) comprises a machine tool drive box (41), a printing module drive box (42), a laser module control box (43), an industrial computer (44), a flow field controller (45), an electric field controller (46) and a host computer (47); The machine tool drive box (41) controls the X-axis (21), the Y-axis (22), the Z-axis (23), and the B / C rotation axis (24) to achieve movement, and communicates with the industrial computer (44) to achieve direct control of the machine tool drive box (41) by the host computer (47); the printing module drive box (42) controls the data processing unit (312) and the XYZ three-axis small displacement gimbal (318) to achieve parameter adjustment and motion control of printing, and communicates with the industrial computer (44) to achieve direct control of the host computer (47); the output end of the flow field controller (45) is connected to the liquid storage unit (311), The driving force is supplied and communicates with the industrial computer (44) to realize direct control of the host computer (47); the output end of the electric field controller (46) is connected to the electro-injection valve to realize the application of electrical parameters and communicates with the industrial computer (44) to realize direct control of the host computer (47); the host computer (47) is connected to the industrial computer (44) to realize real-time display; the above control modules cooperate with each other to realize on-demand printing and manufacturing of functional structures; the laser module drive box (43) controls the laser etching module (32) to adjust the focal length, etching power and / or scanning angle of the laser.

9. The frequency selective surface conformal pattern electrospray printing and laser etching composite processing device for complex curved surfaces according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bed (11), the column (12), the slide seat (13), the saddle seat (14) and the support seat (15) are all processed by casting and together form a complete bed structure.

10. A control method for a frequency selective surface conformal pattern electrospray printing laser etching composite processing device for complex curved surfaces according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The conformal pattern electro-jet printing and laser etching composite processing equipment is used to perform electro-jet printing and laser etching conformal processing, including the following steps: Step 1: Clamp the workpiece (114) to be processed on the workbench of the concentric turntable (113), start the machine tool drive box (41) and start the machine tool after clamping, adjust the workpiece 114 to the initial processing position, and after confirming that the initial processing position is correct, move the X-axis (21), Y-axis (22), and Z-axis (23) to move the electrospray laser composite module (3) to the initial processing position and wait for processing; Step 2: importing the model of the workpiece 114 to be processed and the frequency selective surface conformal pattern to be processed into the host computer (47), laying the frequency selective surface conformal pattern array to be processed on the model of the workpiece 114 to be processed in the host computer (47), generating a processing path and a processing start position and end position; and generating a numerical control G code path trajectory program through processing by the industrial control computer (44); Step 3: Install the printing functional material into the liquid storage unit (311), connect the output port of the flow field controller (45) to the material storage tube liquid storage unit (311), connect the output port of the electric field controller (46) to the electric control board (317), and open the printing module drive box; connect the laser module drive box (43) to the laser (321), start the laser (321), start the observation camera (36), the measuring camera (37), and the laser rangefinder, and open the corresponding camera observation window in the host computer (47); Step 4: Start the printing and laser etching composite processing control program in the host computer (47) to execute the numerical control G code trajectory program generated by the industrial control computer (44). First, the laser emitting unit (315) and the laser receiving unit (316) will measure the distance of the starting point, and perform real-time height compensation according to the distance measurement value. According to the functional structure type, the auxiliary X / Y axis (33) and the auxiliary Z axis (34) are used to perform the printing and laser etching process according to the generated path; Step 5: The host computer (47) displays the current processing status in real time and records the defective position of the functional structure according to the real-time effect, so as to facilitate secondary precise repair; the industrial computer (44) controls the movement process of the printing module (31) and the laser etching module (32) according to the program to process different conformal functional structures on different curved surface workpieces.

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